CN109538626B - Composite microtextured plane sector tile thrust bearing and processing method thereof - Google Patents

Composite microtextured plane sector tile thrust bearing and processing method thereof Download PDF

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CN109538626B
CN109538626B CN201811246629.9A CN201811246629A CN109538626B CN 109538626 B CN109538626 B CN 109538626B CN 201811246629 A CN201811246629 A CN 201811246629A CN 109538626 B CN109538626 B CN 109538626B
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thrust bearing
texture
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CN109538626A (en
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纪敬虎
周加鹏
陈天阳
符昊
符永宏
华希俊
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Jiangsu University
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C17/00—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C17/04—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for axial load only
    • F16C17/08—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for axial load only for supporting the end face of a shaft or other member, e.g. footstep bearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/36—Removing material
    • B23K26/362—Laser etching
    • B23K26/364—Laser etching for making a groove or trench, e.g. for scribing a break initiation groove
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/60—Preliminary treatment

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a composite micro-texture planar fan-shaped tile thrust bearing. The arc-shaped groove textures are uniformly distributed along the radial direction of the fan-shaped tile block; micro-pit textures distributed along the circumferential array of the planar fan-shaped tile blocks are arranged between the adjacent arc-shaped groove textures. The circular arc groove texture and the micro-pit texture are both local textures; the partially textured area is located in an inlet region of the planar segment thrust bearing. The invention can form a convergence gap on the surface of the plane sector pad of the thrust bearing, improves the hydrodynamic lubrication effect of the thrust bearing, and has the same function as a tilting pad thrust bearing and a Rayleigh step thrust bearing.

Description

Composite microtextured plane sector tile thrust bearing and processing method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of thrust bearing surface treatment, in particular to a composite microtextured plane sector tile thrust bearing and a processing method thereof.
Background
Thrust bearings are widely used in rotary machines such as pumps, steam turbines, turbochargers, internal combustion engines, marine propulsion shafting, water turbines, etc. because they are subjected to large axial loads. Because the thrust bearing bears the weight of the whole shaft assembly, the inlet pressure and the axial thrust generated by medium convection, the thrust bearing has a great influence on the safe operation and the working efficiency of the unit. Thrust bearing is at the working process, because thrust bearing surface can not obtain rapidly, effective lubrication, frictional force increase, and continuous operation can aggravate thrust bearing's frictional wear under the kind of circumstances, greatly reduced thrust bearing's life. Particularly, in the starting stage of the thrust bearing, the oil supply is insufficient, and the lubricating oil film on the surface of the bearing is discontinuous, so that the sintering and the rapid abrasion of the thrust bearing can be caused, and finally the failure of the thrust bearing is caused.
The Chinese patent discloses a hydrostatic thrust bearing with gradual change texture considering thermo-fluid-solid coupling, wherein the end face oil sealing edge of a static disc of the hydrostatic thrust bearing is provided with a pit texture with gradually changed size which is periodically and uniformly distributed. The micro-pit texture morphology can improve the lubricating performance of the hydrostatic bearing to a certain extent and improve the bearing capacity. But the lubricating effect is not obvious, the speed of lubricating into the bearing surface is slow in the starting stage of the bearing, and the bearing is seriously worn in the starting stage.
Chinese patent discloses a turbocharger thrust bearing, wherein a plurality of micro concave cavities are arranged on the vortex end face and the pressure end face of a thrust bearing body at intervals. Although the concave cavity can supply some lubricating oil to the surfaces of the auxiliary friction pair which moves relatively, the area occupancy of the micro concave cavity is smaller than that of the arc-shaped groove, the stored lubricating oil is relatively less, and the lubricating and antifriction effects are not obvious. Moreover, when the micro-cavity stores a large amount of abrasive dust, the surface of the thrust bearing is scratched, and the service life of the thrust bearing is affected.
Chinese patent discloses a multi-element composite texture guide sliding friction pair, a processing method and application thereof. In particular to a micro-modeling method for the surface appearance of a sliding friction pair, but the composite texture does not relate to a circular arc groove texture, and the tilting pad thrust bearing does not relate to the tilting pad thrust bearing due to the particularity of the thrust bearing.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a composite microtextured plane fan-shaped pad thrust bearing and a processing method thereof, which can form a convergence gap on the surface of a plane fan-shaped pad of the thrust bearing, improve the hydrodynamic lubrication effect of the thrust bearing, have the same action as that of a tilting pad thrust bearing and a Rayleigh step thrust bearing, but have simpler design and processing technology than that of the tilting pad thrust bearing and the Rayleigh step thrust bearing; the arc-shaped groove can rapidly introduce a lubricating medium into the end face of the thrust bearing when the thrust bearing is started, so that the effect of rapid oil distribution is achieved; in addition, the arc-shaped groove and the micro-pit texture can capture abrasion particles and reduce abrasion of abrasive particles, so that the service life of the plane fan-shaped tile thrust bearing is prolonged.
The present invention achieves the above-described object by the following technical means.
A composite micro-texture planar fan-shaped tile thrust bearing is characterized in that a circular arc groove texture and a micro-pit texture are arranged on the surface of a planar fan-shaped tile.
Further, the arc-shaped groove textures are uniformly distributed along the radial direction of the plane fan-shaped tile block; micro-pit textures distributed along the circumferential array of the planar fan-shaped tile blocks are arranged between the adjacent arc-shaped groove textures.
Further, the arc-shaped groove texture and the micro-pit texture are both local textures; the partially textured area is located in an inlet region of the planar segment thrust bearing.
Further, the fan-shaped angle of the circular arc-shaped groove texture processing area
Figure BDA0001840671360000021
Angle of sector with sector tile
Figure BDA0001840671360000022
Is called the circumferential ratio
Figure BDA0001840671360000023
Figure BDA0001840671360000023
30% -90%; radial row width w of the circular arc groove texture processing areatRadial width w of segmentbIs called the radial ratio wt/wb20-80%.
Further, the arc-shaped groove texture is an arc-shaped groove, and the width w of the arc-shaped grooveg80-1000 μm, the depth h of the arc-shaped groovegIs 3-200 μm, and the radial spacing s of the circular arc-shaped groovesg100-2000 μm, and the number of the circular arc grooves is 5-40.
Further, the micro-pit texture is a micro-pit with a diameter dp100-pThe area occupancy rate of the micro-pits in the fan-shaped area of the composite texture is 10% -30%.
A composite micro-texture plane sector tile thrust bearing processing method comprises the steps of carrying out surface pretreatment on a plane sector tile; processing a local circular arc groove texture on the surface of the planar fan-shaped tile by using a laser; and processing local micro-pit textures between two adjacent arc-shaped groove textures by using a laser.
Further, the surface pretreatment of the planar sector tile is specifically as follows: and grinding the surface of the sector tile, wherein the parameter range of the surface roughness is as follows: the arithmetic mean deviation Ra of the profile is less than or equal to 0.8 mu m, the maximum height Rz of the profile is less than or equal to 0.8 mu m, and the geometric tolerance is as follows: the planeness is less than or equal to 0.01 mu m.
Further, the specific parameters of the laser for processing the local circular arc groove texture on the surface of the planar fan-shaped tile are as follows: laser wavelength 532nm or 1064nm, defocus amount [ -2, 2 [ ]]mm, pulse width of 0.3-0.8ms, pulse frequency of 1-10KHz, and power density of 106-108W/cm2The pulse repetition frequency is 1-7 times, the current intensity is 12-22A, the scanning speed is 4-16nm/s, and N is adopted as the auxiliary gas2The pressure is 0.1-0.5Mpa, and the blowing angle of the auxiliary gas is 0-90 degrees to the normal direction of the surface of the sector tile.
Further, the specific parameters of the laser for processing the local micro-pit texture between two adjacent arc-shaped groove textures are as follows: the focal length of the focusing lens is 50-100mm, the repetition frequency is 6.5-9.5KHz, the laser wavelength is 532nm or 1064nm, the current intensity is 12-22A, the scanning speed is 4-16nm/s, and the pressure of the auxiliary gas is 0.1-0.5 Mpa.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the composite microtextured planar sector pad thrust bearing provided by the invention has the advantages that a convergent gap is formed on the surface of the planar sector pad of the thrust bearing, the hydrodynamic lubrication effect of the thrust bearing is improved, the effect of the composite microtexture planar sector pad thrust bearing is equal to that of a tilting pad thrust bearing and a Rayle stepped thrust bearing, but the design and processing technology are simpler than those of the tilting pad thrust bearing and the Rayle stepped thrust bearing.
2. According to the composite microtextured plane sector tile thrust bearing, the arc-shaped groove can rapidly introduce a lubricating medium into the end face of the thrust bearing when the thrust bearing is started, so that the effect of rapid oil distribution is achieved.
3. According to the composite microtextured planar sector pad thrust bearing, the arc-shaped grooves and the micro-concave structures can capture abrasion particles and reduce abrasion of abrasive particles, so that the service life of the planar sector pad thrust bearing is prolonged.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a composite microtextured planar sector pad thrust bearing according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the operation of the composite microtextured planar segment pad thrust bearing according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a local composite texture area diagram according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the dimensional parameters of the local composite texture and a cross-sectional view thereof.
FIG. 5 is a three-dimensional topography of a local composite textured surface of a planar segment tile in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a three-dimensional topography of the local composite textured surface oil film pressure distribution of the planar sector tile of the present invention.
In the figure:
1-plane sector tile; 2-circular arc groove texture; 3-micro pit texture; a 4-membered ring; 5-a thrust ring; a-a non-textured area; b-textured area.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the composite micro-texture planar segment pad thrust bearing according to the present invention includes a segment pad 1, a base ring 4, and a thrust ring 5, wherein a local composite micro-texture feature is disposed on a surface of the segment pad 1, and the composite micro-texture feature includes an arc-shaped groove texture 2 and a micro-concave pit texture 3. As shown in fig. 3, both the arc-shaped groove texture 2 and the micro-pit texture 3 are local textures; the partially textured area is located in an inlet region of the planar segment thrust bearing. The inlet area of a plane sector pad 1 of the plane sector pad thrust bearing is provided with a plurality of arc-shaped grooves 2. The circular arc groove textures 2 are uniformly distributed along the radial direction of the plane fan-shaped tile block; the arc-shaped groove texture 2 is an arc-shaped groove, and the width w of the arc-shaped grooveg80-1000 μm, the depth h of the arc-shaped groovegIs 3-200 μm, the arc shapeRadial spacing s of groovesg100-gIs 3-200.
As shown in fig. 4, micro-pit textures 3 distributed in a circumferential array along the planar segment tile 1 are arranged between adjacent circular arc groove textures 2. The micro-pit texture 3 is a micro-pit with a diameter dp100-pThe area occupancy rate S of the micro-pits in the composite texture fan-shaped area is 3-100 mu m p10 to 30 percent of the total weight of the composition,
Figure BDA0001840671360000041
wherein r istoIs the outer diameter of the composite textured fan-shaped area, rtiIs the inner diameter of a composite textured fan-shaped area, NpThe number of pits between the two circular arc-shaped grooves.
The fan-shaped angle of the processing area of the circular arc groove texture
Figure BDA0001840671360000044
Angle of sector with sector segment 1
Figure BDA0001840671360000045
Is called the circumferential ratio
Figure BDA0001840671360000042
γc30% -90%; radial row width w of the circular arc groove texture processing areatRadial width w of segment 1bIs called radial ratio
Figure BDA0001840671360000043
γ r20% -80%; wherein r istoIs the outer diameter r of the segment shoe 1tiThe inner diameter of the segment shoe 1.
The invention relates to a composite texture forming method of a composite texture plane sector pad thrust bearing, which comprises the following steps:
(1) before the composite micro-texture is processed on the surface of the plane fan-shaped tile block, grinding is needed, and the parameter range of the surface roughness after grinding is as follows: the arithmetic mean deviation Ra of the profile is less than or equal to 0.8 μm, the maximum height Rz of the profile is less than or equal to 3.2 μm, and the geometric tolerance is as follows: the planeness is required to be less than or equal to 0.01 mu m;
(2) and (3) carrying out composite micro-texture processing on the ground thrust bearing surface by using a diode pumped solid light source (DPSS) YAG laser, and firstly processing local arc-shaped groove textures distributed along the radial direction and the circumferential direction on the surface of the planar fan-shaped tile. Specific laser processing parameters are as follows: laser wavelength 532nm or 1064nm, defocusing amount (-2, 2) mm, pulse width 0.3-0.8ms, pulse frequency 1-10KHz, power density, pulse repetition frequency 1-7 times, current intensity 12-22A, scanning speed 4-16nm/s, auxiliary gas pressure 0.1-0.5Mpa, and auxiliary gas blowing angle in the normal direction of the workpiece.
(3) Then, arraying and processing the micro-pit texture in the middle of the adjacent local circular arc groove texture, wherein the specific laser processing parameters are as follows: the focal length of the focusing lens is 50-100mm, the repetition frequency is 6.5-9.5KHz, the laser wavelength is 532nm or 1064nm, the current intensity is 12-22A, the scanning speed is 4-16nm/s, and the auxiliary gas adopts N2The pressure is 0.1-0.5 MPa.
(4) The post-treatment process of the laser micro-modeling is to carry out polishing treatment on the surface of the thrust bearing of the planar sector pad, and completely remove slag and flash on the surface of the sector pad.
After the structure and the method are adopted, composite texturing treatment is carried out on the inlet area of the plane fan-shaped pad of the thrust bearing, a convergence gap can be formed along the motion direction, the hydrodynamic lubrication effect is enhanced, the bearing capacity of the thrust bearing is improved, the effect is equal to that of a tilting pad thrust bearing and a Rayleigh step thrust bearing, but the design and the processing technology are simpler than that of the tilting pad thrust bearing and the Rayleigh step thrust bearing. Under the condition that the thrust bearing is not sufficiently supplied with oil, the arc-shaped groove texture can guide lubricating oil to rapidly enter the surface of the thrust bearing, and the problems of abrasion and sintering of the thrust bearing can be effectively solved. Meanwhile, when the thrust bearing works, the micro-pit texture can collect scraps and abrasive particles generated by friction and abrasion, so that the abrasion of the bearing is reduced, and the arc-shaped groove micro-texture and the micro-pit can play a 'synergistic coupling' effect.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, fig. 5 shows that circular arc-shaped grooves are arranged in the entrance area of the planar segment tile 1, and a micro-pit texture is arranged between the two circular arc-shaped grooves along the circumferential direction; fig. 6 is a three-dimensional topographic map of the pressure distribution of the oil film on the partially compound textured surface of the segment shoe 1. due to the compound texturing process performed in the entrance area of the planar segment shoe 1, when the thrust collar 5 moves at a certain rotational speed, the gap along the moving direction becomes smaller, the lubricating medium flows from the large opening to the small opening, a convergent gap is formed, and the pressure distribution as shown in fig. 6 is inevitably generated according to the continuity quantification and the energy conservation quantification. The pressure distribution forms a convergent gap on the surface of the plane sector pad of the thrust bearing, and the hydrodynamic lubrication effect of the thrust bearing is improved.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and any obvious improvements, substitutions or modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A composite microtextured planar fan-shaped pad thrust bearing is characterized in that a circular arc-shaped groove texture (2) and a micro-pit texture (3) are arranged on the surface of a planar fan-shaped pad (1); the arc-shaped groove textures (2) are uniformly distributed along the radial direction of the plane fan-shaped tile block; micro-pit textures (3) distributed in a circumferential array along the plane fan-shaped tile block (1) are arranged between the adjacent arc-shaped groove textures (2); the arc-shaped groove texture (2) and the micro-pit texture (3) are local textures; the partially textured area is located in an inlet region of the planar segment thrust bearing.
2. The composite microtextured planar segment pad thrust bearing of claim 1, wherein the sector angle of the circular arc groove textured machined areaφ t The sector angle of the plane sector tile (1)φ b The ratio of (a) to (b) is called the circumferential ratio,φ t /φ b 30% -90%; the radial width of the processing area of the circular arc groove texturew t Radial width of the segment (1)w b The ratio of (a) to (b) is called the radial ratio,w t /w b 20-80%.
3. The composite microtextured planar segment pad thrust bearing according to any one of claims 1-2, wherein the arc-shaped groove texture (2) is an arc-shaped groove having a widthw g 80-1000 μm, and the depth of the arc-shaped grooveh g Is 3-200 μm, and the radial distance between the circular arc groovess g 100-2000 μm, and the number of the arc-shaped grooves is 3-200.
4. The composite microtextured planar segment pad thrust bearing according to any of claims 1-2, wherein the microtextured texture (3) is a micro-dimple with a diameterd p 100-h p The area occupancy rate of the micro-pits in the fan-shaped area of the composite texture is 10% -30%.
5. The method for machining the composite microtextured planar segment pad thrust bearing according to claim 1, wherein the surface of the planar segment pad is pretreated; processing a local circular arc groove texture (2) on the surface of the planar fan-shaped tile by using a laser; and (3) processing the local micro-pit texture (3) between two adjacent circular arc groove textures (2) by using a laser.
6. The method for machining the composite microtextured planar sector pad thrust bearing according to claim 5, wherein the surface pretreatment of the planar sector pad is specifically as follows: grinding the surface of the plane fan-shaped tile block to obtain surface roughnessThe number ranges are: arithmetic mean deviation of contoursRaLess than or equal to 0.8 mu m, and the maximum height of the profileRzLess than or equal to 0.8 mu m, geometric tolerance: the planeness is less than or equal to 0.01 mu m.
7. The method for machining the composite microtextured planar sector pad thrust bearing according to claim 5, wherein specific parameters of a laser for machining the local arc-shaped groove texture (2) on the surface of the planar sector pad are as follows: laser wavelength 532nm or 1064nm, defocus amount [ -2, 2 [ ]]mm, pulse width of 0.3-0.8ms, pulse frequency of 1-10KHz, and power density of 106-108W/cm2The pulse repetition frequency is 1-7 times, the current intensity is 12-22A, the scanning speed is 4-16nm/s, and N is adopted as the auxiliary gas2The pressure is 0.1-0.5Mpa, and the blowing angle of the auxiliary gas is 0-90 degrees to the normal direction of the surface of the sector tile.
8. The machining method of the composite micro-texture planar sector pad thrust bearing, according to claim 5, is characterized in that specific parameters of a local micro-pit texture (3) machining laser between two adjacent circular arc groove textures (2) are as follows: the focal length of the focusing lens is 50-100mm, the repetition frequency is 6.5-9.5KHz, the laser wavelength is 532nm or 1064nm, the current intensity is 12-22A, the scanning speed is 4-16nm/s, and the pressure of the auxiliary gas is 0.1-0.5 Mpa.
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