CN109538321A - A kind of hydrogen energy source electricity generation system using low temperature exhaust heat - Google Patents
A kind of hydrogen energy source electricity generation system using low temperature exhaust heat Download PDFInfo
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- CN109538321A CN109538321A CN201811188620.7A CN201811188620A CN109538321A CN 109538321 A CN109538321 A CN 109538321A CN 201811188620 A CN201811188620 A CN 201811188620A CN 109538321 A CN109538321 A CN 109538321A
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- hydrogen
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- reaction bed
- metal hydride
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K27/00—Plants for converting heat or fluid energy into mechanical energy, not otherwise provided for
- F01K27/02—Plants modified to use their waste heat, other than that of exhaust, e.g. engine-friction heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
- F01B23/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01B23/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
- F01K25/14—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours using industrial or other waste gases
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/30—Technologies for a more efficient combustion or heat usage
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of hydrogen energy source electricity generation system using low temperature exhaust heat of the present invention, including hydrogen reaction bed unit, gas mixer, hydrogen expander machine, generator, flue gas heat exchange pipeline and air heat-exchange pipeline；Hydrogen expander machine is connected with generator shaft, low-temperature flue gas outlet after level-one flue gas heat-exchange unit, secondary smoke heat exchanger；The heat exchange hydrogen outlet of hydrogen reaction bed unit connects heat exchange hydrogen inlet through heat transferring medium high pressure hydrogen circulating pump, No. 1 hydrogen pans, flue gas heat-exchange unit with triple valve all the way；Another way connects heat exchange hydrogen inlet through heat transferring medium low pressure hydrogen circulating pump, No. 2 hydrogen pans, air heat exchanger with triple valve；Hydrogen reacts the high pressure hydrogen outlet connection gas mixer of bed unit, and the hydrogen outlet of gas mixer connects hydrogen expander machine entrance through secondary smoke heat exchanger, and connection hydrogen reacts bed unit to the outlet of hydrogen expander machine all the way；Another way connects gas mixer.The present invention uses metal hydride hydrogen thermocompressor technology, is generated electricity using low temperature exhaust heat.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of waste heat utilization, are related to a kind of hydrogen used using reversible metal hydride as working media
Thermocompressor technology utilizes the hydrogen energy source electricity generation system of low temperature exhaust heat.
Background technique
Energy shortage, environmental pollution, Global climate change enable exploitation cleaning, efficient, the safe and sustainable energy compel
The eyebrows and eyelashes, wherein Hydrogen Energy is by the attention of more and more national.
Hydrogen has many uses, strong applicability, wherein hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell electricity generation system can also directly turn Hydrogen Energy
Be melted into electric energy, make Hydrogen Energy using more convenient, this hydrogen gas generating system has obtained in fields such as mobile communication base stations at present
It uses.In the prior art, above-mentioned H2From hydrogen producer or hydrogen gas storage device, O2Then it is directed to outside air.Combustion
Expect that battery during above-mentioned electrochemical reaction generates electricity, can release heat, if the heat guides not in time, will lead to fuel
Battery temperature is constantly increased and is burnt out.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of hydrogen energy source electricity generation systems using low temperature exhaust heat, using hydrogen as cycle fluid,
The heat of low temperature exhaust heat is changed by mechanical energy using hydrogen thermocompressor technology, the system for driving electrical power generators makes full use of
Low temperature exhaust heat, energy-saving and emission-reduction increase Business Economic Benefit.
The technical scheme is that
A kind of hydrogen energy source electricity generation system using low temperature exhaust heat, system include hydrogen reaction bed unit, gas mixer, hydrogen expander
Machine, generator, level-one flue gas heat-exchange unit, secondary smoke heat exchanger, air heat exchanger, No. 1 hydrogen pans, among No. 2 hydrogen
Tank, heat transferring medium high pressure hydrogen circulating pump, heat transferring medium low pressure hydrogen circulating pump, low pressure hydrogen pipeline, high pressure hydrogen pipeline, cigarette
Gas heat exchanging pipe, air heat-exchange pipeline, heating hydrogen pipeline and cooled hydrogen pipeline.Gas mixer be equipped with low pressure hydrogen into
Mouth, high pressure hydrogen import and hydrogen outlet.Hydrogen expander machine is connect with generator shaft.Every hydrogen reaction bed of hydrogen reaction bed unit
It is respectively equipped with low pressure hydrogen entrance, high pressure hydrogen outlet, heat exchange hydrogen inlet and heat exchange hydrogen outlet.Low-temperature flue gas is through fume pipe
Road passes sequentially through outlet after the shell side of level-one flue gas heat-exchange unit, secondary smoke heat exchanger.Air heat-exchange piping connection is changed to air
The shell-side outlet of the shell side inlet of hot device, air heat exchanger is communicated with the atmosphere.Every hydrogen reaction bed of hydrogen reaction bed unit changes
Hot hydrogen outlet is divided into two-way through triple valve, is connected to heat transferring medium high pressure hydrogen circulating pump by heating hydrogen pipeline all the way,
Heat transferring medium high pressure hydrogen circulating-pump outlet successively connects through No. 1 hydrogen pans, the tube side of level-one flue gas heat-exchange unit and triple valve
It is connected to the heat exchange hydrogen inlet of hydrogen reaction bed, forms heating circuit；Another way is by cooled hydrogen pipeline successively through heat transferring medium
Low pressure hydrogen circulating pump, No. 2 hydrogen pans, the tube side of air heat exchanger and triple valve are connected to the heat exchange hydrogen of hydrogen reaction bed
Entrance forms cooling circuit.The high pressure hydrogen outlet of each hydrogen reaction bed of hydrogen reaction bed unit is arrived through high pressure hydrogen piping connection
The hydrogen outlet of the high pressure hydrogen import of gas mixer, gas mixer is connected to hydrogen after the tube side of secondary smoke heat exchanger
Gas expander inlet, the outlet of hydrogen expander machine are divided into two-way, all the way through low pressure hydrogen piping connection to hydrogen reaction bed unit
Low pressure hydrogen entrance hydrogen supply reaction bed is inhaled hydrogen and is recycled；The low pressure hydrogen import that another way is directly connected to gas mixer follows
Ring uses.
System further includes organic working medium compressor, organic working medium expanding machine, No. 2 generators, No. 1 organic working medium heat exchanger, 2
Number organic working medium heat exchanger.Organic working medium compressor, organic working medium expanding machine and No. 2 generator coaxles or not coaxially connected.It is low
Warm flue gas passes sequentially through the shell side of level-one flue gas heat-exchange unit, the shell side of secondary smoke heat exchanger and No. 2 organic works through flue gas pipeline
Outlet after the shell side heat exchange of matter heat exchanger.The tube side outlet of level-one flue gas heat-exchange unit is by heating hydrogen pipeline through No. 1 organic work
The tube side and triple valve (30) of matter heat exchanger are connected to the heat exchange hydrogen inlet of hydrogen reaction bed.The outlet of organic working medium expanding machine connects
It is connected to the entrance of No. 2 organic working medium heat exchanger tube pass, the outlet of No. 2 organic working medium heat exchanger tube pass is connected to organic working medium compression
The entrance of machine.The outlet of organic working medium compressor is connected to the shell side inlet of No. 1 organic working medium heat exchanger, and No. 1 organic working medium is changed
The shell-side outlet of hot device is connected to the entrance of organic working medium expanding machine.
Hydrogen reacts bed unit and is equipped at least two hydrogen reaction beds, and every hydrogen reaction bed is respectively equipped with low pressure hydrogen entrance, height
Press hydrogen outlet, heat exchange hydrogen inlet and heat exchange hydrogen outlet.Low pressure hydrogen entrance is equipped with low pressure hydrogen inlet valve.High Pressure Hydrogen
Gas outlet is equipped with high pressure hydrogen outlet valve, and heat exchange hydrogen inlet and heat exchange hydrogen outlet are respectively equipped with triple valve.
Metal hydrogen storage material, including but not limited to Rare Earth metal hydride are loaded in hydrogen reaction bed；Low pressure hydrogen is by low
Pressure hydrogen inlet enters hydrogen reaction bed, and low pressure hydrogen is absorbed to form metal hydride by hydrogen storage material, the gold after hydrogen is inhaled to completion
Belong to hydride heating and releases high pressure hydrogen.Hydrogen reaction bed is primary structure, or the multilevel structure of heat is utilized for ladder, is allowed
Kind, quality or the volume of the metal hydride in each hydrogen reaction bed in every grade of hydrogen reaction bed can be different, every grade of hydrogen
Reaction bed can be same or different.
For hydrogen reaction bed using circulatory mediator and heat medium partition or non-septate heat transfer, heat medium is air, flue gas, sea
Water, river water, lake water, gaseous heating medium, liquid heating medium, solid heat medium, two or two mixing or three-phase between gas-liquid-solid
Hybrid Heating medium.The high pressure or low pressure recycle medium and heat medium that hydrogen reaction bed uses when non-septate heat transfer exchange heat, circulation
Medium includes hydrogen but is not limited to hydrogen, and circulatory mediator is directly entered hydrogen reaction bed and is heated or moved heat, or using electricity, electromagnetism
Or the mode of internal heating, or by the way of external heat, or simultaneously by the way of interior external heat.
Hydrogen reaction bed is provided with metal hydride more changing device, and the metal hydride of dusting in production process or aging is fast
Speed, which removes simultaneously to replace, loads new metal hydride, using the material inhaled in hydrogen release intermittent time quick-replaceable hydrogen reaction bed,
The material in replacement hydrogen reaction bed can be shut down, the material being replaced, which can be, inhales hydrogen state, is also possible to hydrogen release state, can also
To be the transition state for inhaling hydrogen release.
The hydrogen reaction bed of hydrogen reaction bed unit is equipped with used metal hydride outlet port and fresh metal hydride adds
Entrance.Metal hydride more changing device includes fresh metal hydride storehouse and used metal hydride storehouse, used gold
Belong to hydride outlet port and used metal hydride storehouse is connected to by sealing valve and drawing pump.Fresh metal hydride storehouse is logical
It crosses addition pump and sealing valve is connected to hydrogen reaction bed.Metal hydride more changing device is conveyed, strength using gravity conveying, machinery
The method or their combination that conveying, vacuum handling, fluid power conveying, electromagnetism convey, to reliably realize gold in hydrogen reaction bed
Any method for belonging to hydride replacement is all suitable for.
The working media of organic working medium compressor and organic working medium expanding machine be stable inorganic working medium or organic working medium or
Liquid nitrogen or inert gas or normal butane or propane, working media can be in organic working medium circulation stable a single state or
It is according to the gas-liquid conversion conditions under working condition.
Gas mixer is simple mixing arrangement or knockdown mixing apparatus, is provided with including but not limited to using pushing away
The machinery such as bar, pull rod, vacuum system and/or electrical system device, guarantee that hydrogen outlet obtains the ginseng including pressure, temperature
The stable continuous gas of flow of number.Air in air heat-exchange pipeline can be by room temperature or low temperature solid-state, liquid, gaseous state
Other media replaced.
The present invention reacts bed unit using the hydrogen of hydrogen thermocompressor technology, after the heat for absorbing low-temperature flue gas, in certain temperature
Degree is lower to release high pressure hydrogen；High pressure hydrogen is sent into gas mixer and is pressurized to direct circulation hydrogen therein；It is pressurized
Hydrogen is sent into hydrogen expander machine expansion work after secondary smoke heat exchanger improves temperature again, and generator is driven to generate electric power；It is swollen
Hydrogen a part after swollen is sent to hydrogen reaction bed unit and inhales hydrogen recycling for its low temperature, and rest part directly sends gas mixing back to
Device direct reuse.For the utilization rate for improving low-temperature flue gas, the present invention is also provided with machine working medium compression/expansion cycle and moves heat
System.
The present invention uses the hydrogen heat Compressor Technology using reversible metal hydride as working media, is effectively utilized low
The heat of warm waste heat converts thereof into the pressure energy of high pressure hydrogen, and pushes hydrogen expander machine to do work using the pressure energy of hydrogen
Electric power is generated, is a kind of energy-saving and environment-friendly electricity generation system.Hydrogen heat Compressor Technology has the advantage that (1) pressure ratio and defeated
The adjustable range of tolerance is big, easy to adjust, and versatility is high；(2) pressurization simultaneously can purifying hydrogen；(3) system attachment is few, structure
Simply, high reliablity, convenient for safeguarding；(4) without running gear, no abrasion, noise are low；(5) using solar energy, waste heat and low product
Position heat source work, operating cost are low, cleaning and the saving energy.The high pressure generated using hydrogen reaction bed unit of the invention
Hydrogen mixes and is pressurized direct circulation hydrogen, increases the hydrogen flowing quantity of hydrogen expander machine import, reduce Hydrogen-Expansion Machine into
Mouth pressure and expansion ratio, effectively reduce the manufacture difficulty of hydrogen expander machine.For the utilization rate for improving low temperature exhaust heat, the present invention
It is also provided with machine working medium compression/expansion heat-tranferring system, using heat pump principle, consumes some mechanical function for the low product of low temperature exhaust heat
Position heat is transferred to hydrogen release of the high-grade heat for hydrogen reaction bed unit, improves the thermal efficiency of whole system.It is direct using high pressure
Heat cycles medium hydrogen directly heats hydrogen release to hydrogen reaction bed or low pressure hydrogen circulation moves heat and inhales hydrogen, can increase efficiency, drop
Low hydrogen reaction bed volume and weight.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow diagram of an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the flow diagram of another embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram that hydrogen reacts bed unit；
Fig. 4 is hydrogen reaction bed metal hydride more changing device figure.
Wherein: wherein: 1-hydrogen reacts bed unit, 2-gas mixers, 3-hydrogen expander machines, 4-generators, 5-one
Grade flue gas heat-exchange unit, 6-secondary smoke heat exchangers, 7-air heat exchangers, 8-No. 1 hydrogen pans, among 9-No. 2 hydrogen
Tank, 10-heat transferring medium high pressure hydrogen circulating pumps, 11-heat transferring medium low pressure hydrogen circulating pumps, 12-organic working medium compressors,
13-organic working medium expanding machines, 14-No. 2 generators, 15-No. 1 organic working medium heat exchanger, 16-No. 2 organic working medium heat exchangers,
17-used metal hydride outlet ports, 18-fresh metal hydride be added mouth, 19-fresh metal hydride storehouses,
20-used metal hydride storehouses, 21-low pressure hydrogen pipelines, 22-high pressure hydrogen pipelines, 23-flue gas heat exchange pipelines,
24-air heat-exchange pipelines, 25-heating hydrogen pipelines, 26-cooled hydrogen pipelines, 27-high temperature organic working medium pipeloops,
28-low temperature organic working medium pipeloops, 29-sealing valves, 30-triple valves, 31-valves, 32-drawing pumps, 33-additions
Pump, 35-low pressure hydrogen inlet valves, 36-high pressure hydrogen outlet valves, 41-low pressure hydrogen entrances, 42-high pressure hydrogens go out
No. 3 mouth, 43-heat exchange hydrogen inlets, 44-heat exchange hydrogen outlets, No. 1 hydrogen reaction bed of A-, No. 2 hydrogen reaction beds of B-, C-hydrogen are anti-
Answer bed.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment and attached drawing, the present invention is described in detail.The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the embodiment,
Those skilled in the art make any change within the scope of the claims and also belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of hydrogen energy power generation system using low temperature exhaust heat of the present invention is as shown in Figure 1, include that hydrogen reacts bed unit 1, gas mixing
Device 2, hydrogen expander machine 3, generator 4, level-one flue gas heat-exchange unit 5, secondary smoke heat exchanger 6, in 7, No. 1 hydrogen of air heat exchanger
Between 8, No. 2 hydrogen pans 9 of tank, heat transferring medium high pressure hydrogen circulating pump 10, heat transferring medium low pressure hydrogen circulating pump 11, pressure hydrogen
Air pipe 21, high pressure hydrogen pipeline 22, flue gas heat exchange pipeline 23, air heat-exchange pipeline 24, heating hydrogen pipeline 25 and cooling hydrogen
Air pipe 26.Low-temperature flue gas passes sequentially through level-one flue gas heat-exchange unit 5 through flue gas pipeline 23, the shell side of secondary smoke heat exchanger 6 changes
Outlet after heat.Hydrogen expander machine 3 and 4 axis connection of generator, generator electricity are connected to the grid outer confession.As shown in figure 3, hydrogen reacts
Bed unit 1 is equipped with three hydrogen reaction beds, No. 1 hydrogen reaction bed A, No. 2 hydrogen reaction bed B and No. 3 hydrogen reaction bed C, every hydrogen reaction bed
Equipped with low pressure hydrogen entrance 41, high pressure hydrogen outlet 42, heat exchange hydrogen inlet 43, heat exchange hydrogen outlet 44.Every hydrogen reaction bed
Low pressure hydrogen entrance 41 connect with low pressure hydrogen pipeline 21, high pressure hydrogen outlet 42 and the High Pressure Hydrogen tracheae of every hydrogen reaction bed
Road 22 connects.The heat exchange hydrogen outlet 44 of every hydrogen reaction bed divides through triple valve 30 for two-way, passes through heating hydrogen pipeline all the way
25 are connected to heat transferring medium high pressure hydrogen circulating pump 10, and heat transferring medium high pressure hydrogen circulating pump 10 exports successively through in No. 1 hydrogen
Between tank 8, the tube side of level-one flue gas heat-exchange unit 5 and triple valve 30 be connected to the heat exchange hydrogen inlet 43 of hydrogen reaction bed, form heating
Circuit.Another way is by cooled hydrogen pipeline 26 successively through 11, No. 2 hydrogen pans 9 of heat transferring medium low pressure hydrogen circulating pump, sky
The tube side and triple valve 30 of gas heat exchanger 7 are connected to the heat exchange hydrogen inlet 43 of hydrogen reaction bed, form cooling circuit.Air heat-exchange
Pipeline 24 is connected to the shell side inlet of air heat exchanger 7, and the shell-side outlet of air heat exchanger 7 is communicated with the atmosphere.Gas mixer 2
Equipped with low pressure hydrogen import, high pressure hydrogen import and hydrogen outlet.The high pressure hydrogen outlet 42 of hydrogen reaction bed is through High Pressure Hydrogen tracheae
Road 22 is connected to the high pressure hydrogen import of gas mixer 2.The hydrogen outlet of gas mixer 2 is through secondary smoke heat exchanger 6
3 entrance of hydrogen expander machine is connected to after tube side heat exchange heating.The outlet of hydrogen expander machine is divided into two-way, all the way through pressure hydrogen tracheae
The 41 hydrogen supply reaction bed of low pressure hydrogen entrance that road 21 is connected to hydrogen reaction bed unit 1 is inhaled hydrogen and is recycled；Another way is directly connected to
Low pressure hydrogen import to gas mixer 2 is recycled.
Hydrogen reacts bed unit 1 and is equipped with multiple hydrogen reaction beds alternately suction/hydrogen release process, is filled with rare earth in hydrogen reaction bed
It is metal hydride.When hydrogen reaction bed hydrogen release, exchange heat hydrogen inlet and the hydrogen outlet company that exchanges heat are made by the switching of triple valve 30
Logical heating hydrogen pipeline 25, simultaneously closes off low pressure hydrogen inlet valve 35 and opens high pressure hydrogen outlet valve 36, heat transferring medium
Hydrogen is by entering hydrogen reaction bed after level-one flue gas heat-exchange unit and low-temperature flue gas heat exchange heating, so that hydrogen reaction bed is at 130 DEG C
It absorbs heat and releases high pressure hydrogen, to make hydrogen reaction bed release to provide heat when hydrogen reaction bed hydrogen release using low temperature exhaust heat
High pressure hydrogen.Low-temperature flue gas temperature into level-one flue gas heat-exchange unit is 150 DEG C, and 130 DEG C are cooled to after heat exchange and is sent to second level cigarette
Gas heat exchanger.Hydrogen reaction bed inhale hydrogen when, by the switching of triple valve 30 make exchange heat hydrogen inlet and heat exchange hydrogen outlet be connected to it is cold
But hydrogen pipeline 26 simultaneously close off high pressure hydrogen outlet valve 36 and open low pressure hydrogen inlet valve 35, heat transferring medium hydrogen
Enter hydrogen reaction bed after tube side by air heat exchanger 7 and the surrounding air heat exchange cooling into air heat exchanger shell side, makes
Hydrogen reaction bed tempertaure is down to 40 DEG C and inhale and hydrogen and releases reaction heat, hydrogen abstraction reaction heat is taken away by heat transferring medium hydrogen and is passed to
Surrounding air, the surrounding air into air heat exchanger are 20 DEG C, and the surrounding air of air heat exchanger discharge is 35 DEG C.
The course of work that hydrogen reacts bed unit includes inhaling hydrogen process I, inhaling hydrogen process II and hydrogen release process；Every hydrogen reaction bed
Work press inhale hydrogen process I-inhale II-hydrogen release of hydrogen process process-suction hydrogen process I sequence recycled.With hydrogen reaction bed
Unit is arranged for three hydrogen reaction beds, and each period has a hydrogen reaction bed to be respectively at suction hydrogen process I, inhale hydrogen process
II and hydrogen release process.
Inhale hydrogen process I:
Hydrogen reaction bed enters suction hydrogen process I after terminating hydrogen release process, and hydrogen reaction bed is first closed high pressure hydrogen outlet valve 36 and led to
The switching for crossing triple valve 30 makes heat exchange hydrogen inlet be connected to cooled hydrogen pipeline 26 with the hydrogen outlet that exchanges heat, and is then turned on pressure hydrogen
Gas inlet valve 35, heat transferring medium hydrogen and low pressure hydrogen are directly entered hydrogen reaction bed and are cooled down, and hydrogen is anti-after being cooled to 40 DEG C
Bed is answered to start to inhale hydrogen, the heat for inhaling hydrogen releasing is taken away by heat transferring medium hydrogen passes to surrounding air.
Inhale hydrogen process II:
Hydrogen process II is inhaled to continue to inhale the suction hydrogen operation of hydrogen process I.
Hydrogen release process:
Hydrogen reaction bed enters hydrogen release process after inhaling hydrogen process II, and hydrogen reaction bed first closes low pressure hydrogen inlet valve 35, so
Heat exchange hydrogen inlet is set to be connected to heating hydrogen pipeline 25, heat transferring medium hydrogen with the hydrogen outlet that exchanges heat by the switching of triple valve 30 afterwards
Gas is by being directly entered hydrogen reaction bed, hydrogen by triple valve 30 after level-one flue gas heat-exchange unit and 150 DEG C of low-temperature flue gas heat exchange heatings
Reaction bed is heated to start hydrogen release after 130 DEG C by heat transferring medium hydrogen, after pressure reaches setting pressure in hydrogen release to hydrogen reaction bed,
It opens high pressure hydrogen outlet valve 36 and sends out high pressure hydrogen.
The workflow of whole system is specific as follows:
First come from hydrogen expander machine 3 outlet 40 DEG C, the low pressure hydrogen of 0.2MPa and from high pressure hydrogen pipeline 22 via
Hydrogen reacts 130 DEG C that bed unit 1 is pressurized, and 1.2 MPa high pressure hydrogens are sent into gas mixer 2, and pressure is after the two mixing
The mass ratio of 0.26MPa, mixed low pressure hydrogen and high pressure hydrogen is 15.7: 1；The hydrogen of 0.26MPa first passes through second level cigarette
Gas heat exchanger is sent into 3 expansion work of hydrogen expander machine after being heated to 60 DEG C, hydrogen expander machine 3 drives generator operation to be sent out
Electricity.
0.26MPa, 60 DEG C of hydrogen expansion work in hydrogen expander machine 3 are divided into two-way to 0.2MPa after 40 DEG C, and one
The 41 hydrogen supply reaction bed of low pressure hydrogen entrance that road is connected to hydrogen reaction bed unit 1 through low pressure hydrogen pipeline 21 is inhaled hydrogen and is recycled；
The low pressure hydrogen import that another way is directly connected to gas mixer 2 is recycled.
The course of work of gas mixer 2 is as follows: being first turned on the low pressure hydrogen import of gas mixer 2 and closes gas
The hydrogen outlet of mixer 2, the 0.2MPa that will be exported from hydrogen expander machine 3,40 DEG C of low pressure hydrogens are sent to gas mixer 2
In, pressure is 0.2MPa at this time in gas mixer；It is then shut off the low pressure hydrogen import of gas mixer and opens High Pressure Hydrogen
Gas import, by 130 DEG C from hydrogen reaction bed unit 1,1.2 MPa high pressure hydrogens are sent into gas mixer 2, the High Pressure Hydrogen of addition
Gas is 1:15.7 with the low pressure hydrogen mass ratio being added before, and pressure is 0.26MPa in gas mixer at this time, then opens hydrogen
The mixed hydrogen of high-low pressure is sent into 3 expansion work of hydrogen expander machine by the valve 31 of gas outlet, and hydrogen expander machine 3 drives hair
The operating of motor 4 generates electricity.The settable multiple parallel connections of gas mixer 2 guarantee that it is continuously and stably supplied to hydrogen expander machine 3
Gas.Including but not limited to using the machinery such as push rod, pull rod, vacuum system and/or electrical system device use in gas mixer 2
On.
Hydrogen reaction bed is provided with metal hydride more changing device, and the metal hydride of dusting in production process or aging is fast
Speed, which removes simultaneously to replace, loads new metal hydride, using the material inhaled in hydrogen release intermittent time quick-replaceable hydrogen reaction bed,
The material in replacement hydrogen reaction bed can be shut down, the material being replaced, which can be, inhales hydrogen state, is also possible to hydrogen release state, can also
To be the transition state for inhaling hydrogen release.Metal hydride more changing device is conveyed, mechanical conveying, pneumatic conveying, vacuum using gravity
The method or their combination of conveying, fluid power conveying, electromagnetism conveying, to reliably realize that metal hydride is more in hydrogen reaction bed
Any method changed is all suitable for.
For a kind of embodiment of metal hydride more changing device as shown in figure 4, by taking any hydrogen reaction bed as an example, hydrogen reacts sheet
The hydrogen reaction bed A/B/C of member 1 is equipped with used metal hydride outlet port 17 and mouth 18 is added in fresh metal hydride.It is described
Metal hydride more changing device includes fresh metal hydride storehouse 19 and used metal hydride storehouse 20.It is described used
Metal hydride outlet port 17 is connected to used metal hydride storehouse 20 by sealing valve 29 and drawing pump 32；It is described fresh
Metal hydride storehouse 19 is connected to hydrogen reaction bed by addition pump 33 and sealing valve 29.
The operational process of metal hydride more changing device are as follows: when needing replacing metal hydride, first close fresh metal hydrogen
The sealing valve 29 of mouth 18 is added in compound, and the sealing valve 29 of the metal hydride outlet port 17 opened and used starts drawing pump 32
Used metal hydride is conveyed from hydrogen reaction bed to used metal hydride storehouse 20；Used gold in hydrogen reaction bed
After belonging to hydride extraction, the sealing valve 29 of used metal hydride outlet port 17 is closed, fresh metal hydride is opened and adds
The sealing valve 29 of entrance 18, starting addition pump 33 are added fresh metal hydrogenation from fresh metal hydride storehouse 19 into hydrogen reaction bed
Object closes the sealing valve 29 that mouth 18 is added in fresh metal hydride after having added.
Embodiment 2
Another embodiment of the present invention is as shown in Fig. 2, include hydrogen reaction bed unit 1, gas mixer 2, hydrogen expander machine 3, hair
Motor 4, level-one flue gas heat-exchange unit 5, secondary smoke heat exchanger 6, among the hydrogen of hydrogen pans 8,2 of air heat exchanger 7,1
Tank 9, heat transferring medium high pressure hydrogen circulating pump 10, heat transferring medium low pressure hydrogen circulating pump 11, organic working medium compressor 12, You Jigong
Matter expanding machine 13,2 generator 14,1 organic working medium heat exchanger 15, No. 2 organic working medium heat exchangers 16, low pressure hydrogen pipelines
21, high pressure hydrogen pipeline 22, flue gas heat exchange pipeline 23, air heat-exchange pipeline 24, heating hydrogen pipeline 25 and cooled hydrogen pipeline
26.Low-temperature flue gas passes sequentially through the shell side of level-one flue gas heat-exchange unit 5, the shell side of secondary smoke heat exchanger 6 and 2 through flue gas pipeline 23
Outlet after the shell side heat exchange of number organic working medium heat exchanger 16.Hydrogen expander machine 3 and 4 axis connection of generator, organic working medium compressor
12,14 axis connection of organic working medium expanding machine 13 and No. 2 generator, generator electricity are connected to the grid outer confession.Organic working medium expansion
The outlet of machine 13 is connected to the entrance of No. 2 16 tube sides of organic working medium heat exchanger, the outlet connection of No. 2 organic working medium heat exchanger tube pass
To the entrance of organic working medium compressor 12, the outlet of organic working medium compressor 12 is connected to the shell of No. 1 organic working medium heat exchanger 15
Journey entrance, the shell-side outlet of No. 1 organic working medium heat exchanger are connected to the entrance of organic working medium expanding machine 13.As shown in figure 3, hydrogen is anti-
Bed unit 1 is answered to be equipped with three hydrogen reaction beds, No. 1 hydrogen reaction bed A, No. 2 hydrogen reaction bed B and No. 3 hydrogen reaction bed C, every hydrogen reaction
Bed is equipped with low pressure hydrogen entrance 41, high pressure hydrogen outlet 42, heat exchange hydrogen inlet 43, heat exchange hydrogen outlet 44.Every hydrogen reaction
The low pressure hydrogen entrance 41 of bed is connect with low pressure hydrogen pipeline 21, the high pressure hydrogen outlet 42 of every hydrogen reaction bed and high pressure hydrogen
Pipeline 22 connects.The heat exchange hydrogen outlet 44 of every hydrogen reaction bed divides through triple valve 30 for two-way, passes through heating hydrogen pipe all the way
Road 25 is connected to heat transferring medium high pressure hydrogen circulating pump 10, and heat transferring medium high pressure hydrogen circulating pump 10 exports successively through No. 1 hydrogen
Pans 8, the tube side of level-one flue gas heat-exchange unit 5, the tube side of No. 1 organic working medium heat exchanger and triple valve 30 are connected to hydrogen reaction bed
Heat exchange hydrogen inlet 43, formed heating circuit.Another way is by cooled hydrogen pipeline 26 successively through heat transferring medium low pressure hydrogen
The heat exchange hydrogen that 11, No. 2 hydrogen pans 9 of circulating pump, the tube side of air heat exchanger 7 and triple valve 30 are connected to hydrogen reaction bed enters
Mouth 43 forms cooling circuit.Air heat-exchange pipeline 24 is connected to the shell side inlet of air heat exchanger 7, the shell side of air heat exchanger 7
Outlet is communicated with the atmosphere.Gas mixer 2 is equipped with low pressure hydrogen import, high pressure hydrogen import and hydrogen outlet.Hydrogen reaction bed
High pressure hydrogen outlet 42 is connected to the high pressure hydrogen import of gas mixer 2 through high pressure hydrogen pipeline 22.The hydrogen of gas mixer 2
Gas, which is exported, is connected to 3 entrance of hydrogen expander machine after the heat exchange heating of the tube side of secondary smoke heat exchanger 6.Hydrogen expander machine 3 goes out
Mouth is divided into two-way, is connected to the 41 hydrogen supply reaction bed of low pressure hydrogen entrance of hydrogen reaction bed unit 1 through low pressure hydrogen pipeline 21 all the way
Hydrogen is inhaled to be recycled；The low pressure hydrogen import that another way is directly connected to gas mixer 2 is recycled.
The workflow of whole system is specific as follows:
First come from hydrogen expander machine 3 outlet 40 DEG C, the low pressure hydrogen of 0.2MPa and from high pressure hydrogen pipeline 22 via
Hydrogen reacts 130 DEG C that bed unit 1 is pressurized, and 1.2 MPa high pressure hydrogens are sent into gas mixer 2, and pressure is after the two mixing
The mass ratio of 0.3MPa, mixed low pressure hydrogen and high pressure hydrogen is 9: 1；The hydrogen of 0.3MPa first passes through secondary smoke and changes
Hot device is sent into 3 expansion work of hydrogen expander machine after being heated to 74 DEG C, hydrogen expander machine 3 drives generator operation to generate electricity.
0.3MPa, 74 DEG C of hydrogen expansion work in hydrogen expander machine 3 are divided into two-way after 40 DEG C, all the way to 0.2MPa
The 41 hydrogen supply reaction bed of low pressure hydrogen entrance for being connected to hydrogen reaction bed unit 1 through low pressure hydrogen pipeline 21 is inhaled hydrogen and is recycled；Separately
The low pressure hydrogen import for being directly connected to gas mixer 2 all the way is recycled.
Organic working medium expander outlet 0.1MPa, 21 DEG C of carbon dioxide gas are sent into No. 2 organic working medium heat exchangers 16
Tube-side inlet exchanges heat with the low-temperature flue gas come from secondary smoke heat exchanger in No. 2 organic working medium heat exchangers, send after being warming up to 45 DEG C
Enter organic working medium compressor, be compressed to 0.3MPa, after 160 DEG C, into No. 1 organic working medium heat exchanger 15 with from level-one flue gas heat exchange
The heat transferring medium hydrogen heat exchange that device comes, is sent into organic working medium expanding machine, is expanded to 0.1MPa, follows after 21 DEG C after being cooled to 130 DEG C
Ring uses.
Remaining is same as Example 1 for the present embodiment.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of hydrogen energy source electricity generation system using low temperature exhaust heat, it is characterized in that: the system comprises hydrogen reaction bed unit (1),
Gas mixer (2), hydrogen expander machine (3), generator (4), level-one flue gas heat-exchange unit (5), secondary smoke heat exchanger (6), sky
Gas heat exchanger (7), No. 1 hydrogen pans (8), No. 2 hydrogen pans (9), heat transferring medium high pressure hydrogen circulating pump (10), heat exchange
Medium low pressure hydrogen circulating pump (11), low pressure hydrogen pipeline (21), high pressure hydrogen pipeline (22), flue gas heat exchange pipeline (23), sky
Gas heat exchanging pipe (24), heating hydrogen pipeline (25) and cooled hydrogen pipeline (26)；The gas mixer (2) is equipped with pressure hydrogen
Gas import, high pressure hydrogen import and hydrogen outlet；The hydrogen expander machine (3) and generator (4) axis connection；The hydrogen reaction bed
Every hydrogen reaction bed of unit is respectively equipped with low pressure hydrogen entrance (41), high pressure hydrogen outlet (42), heat exchange hydrogen inlet (43)
With heat exchange hydrogen outlet (44)；The low-temperature flue gas passes sequentially through level-one flue gas heat-exchange unit (5), second level cigarette through flue gas pipeline (23)
Outlet after the shell side of gas heat exchanger (6)；The air heat-exchange pipeline (24) is connected to the shell side inlet of air heat exchanger (7), empty
The shell-side outlet of gas heat exchanger (7) is communicated with the atmosphere；The heat exchange hydrogen outlet of every hydrogen reaction bed of the hydrogen reaction bed unit
(44) it is divided into two-way through triple valve (30), is connected to heat transferring medium high pressure hydrogen circulating pump by heating hydrogen pipeline (25) all the way
(10), heat transferring medium high pressure hydrogen circulating pump (10) outlet is successively through No. 1 hydrogen pans (8), level-one flue gas heat-exchange unit (5)
Tube side and triple valve (30) are connected to the heat exchange hydrogen inlet (43) of hydrogen reaction bed, form heating circuit；Another way passes through cooling
Hydrogen pipeline (26) is successively through heat transferring medium low pressure hydrogen circulating pump (11), No. 2 hydrogen pans (9), air heat exchanger (7)
Tube side and triple valve (30) are connected to the heat exchange hydrogen inlet (43) of hydrogen reaction bed, form cooling circuit；The hydrogen reacts sheet
The high pressure hydrogen outlet (42) of each hydrogen reaction bed of member is connected to the High Pressure Hydrogen of gas mixer (2) through high pressure hydrogen pipeline (22)
Gas import, the hydrogen outlet of gas mixer (2) are connected to hydrogen expander machine (3) after the tube side of secondary smoke heat exchanger (6)
Entrance, the outlet of hydrogen expander machine are divided into two-way, are connected to the low of hydrogen reaction bed unit (1) through low pressure hydrogen pipeline (21) all the way
It presses hydrogen inlet (41) hydrogen supply reaction bed to inhale hydrogen to be recycled；Another way is directly connected to the low pressure hydrogen of gas mixer (2)
Import is recycled.
2. the hydrogen energy source electricity generation system according to claim 1 using low temperature exhaust heat, it is characterized in that: the system also includes
Organic working medium compressor (12), organic working medium expanding machine (13), No. 2 generators (14), No. 1 organic working medium heat exchanger (15), No. 2
Organic working medium heat exchanger (16)；The organic working medium compressor (12), organic working medium expanding machine (13) and No. 2 generators (14) are same
Axis is not coaxially connected；The low-temperature flue gas passes sequentially through the shell side of level-one flue gas heat-exchange unit (5), second level through flue gas pipeline (23)
Outlet after the shell side of flue gas heat-exchange unit (6) and the heat exchange of the shell side of No. 2 organic working medium heat exchangers (16)；The level-one flue gas heat-exchange unit
(5) tube side and triple valve (30) of the tube side outlet by heating hydrogen pipeline (25) through No. 1 organic working medium heat exchanger (15) are even
It is connected to the heat exchange hydrogen inlet (43) of hydrogen reaction bed；The outlet of the organic working medium expanding machine (13) is connected to No. 2 organic working mediums
The entrance of heat exchanger (16) tube side, the outlet of No. 2 organic working medium heat exchanger tube pass is connected to entering for organic working medium compressor (12)
Mouthful；The outlet of the organic working medium compressor (12) is connected to the shell side inlet of No. 1 organic working medium heat exchanger (15), and No. 1 organic
The shell-side outlet of working fluid heat exchanger is connected to the entrance of organic working medium expanding machine (13).
3. the hydrogen energy source electricity generation system according to claim 1 or 2 using low temperature exhaust heat, it is characterized in that: the hydrogen reacts
Bed unit (1) is equipped at least two hydrogen reaction beds, and every hydrogen reaction bed is respectively equipped with low pressure hydrogen entrance (41), high pressure hydrogen goes out
Mouth (42), heat exchange hydrogen inlet (43) and heat exchange hydrogen outlet (44)；The low pressure hydrogen entrance (41) enters equipped with low pressure hydrogen
Mouth valve (35), the high pressure hydrogen outlet (42) are equipped with high pressure hydrogen outlet valve (36), the heat exchange hydrogen inlet (43)
Triple valve (30) are respectively equipped with heat exchange hydrogen outlet (44).
4. the hydrogen energy source electricity generation system according to claim 1 or 2 using low temperature exhaust heat, it is characterized in that: the hydrogen reacts
Metal hydrogen storage material, including but not limited to Rare Earth metal hydride are loaded in bed；Low pressure hydrogen is entered by low pressure hydrogen entrance
Hydrogen reaction bed, low pressure hydrogen are absorbed to form metal hydride by hydrogen storage material, and the metal hydride heating after hydrogen is inhaled to completion is put
High pressure hydrogen out；The hydrogen reaction bed is primary structure, or the multilevel structure of heat is utilized for ladder, and every grade of hydrogen is allowed to react
Kind, quality or the volume of metal hydride in each hydrogen reaction bed in bed can be different, and every grade of hydrogen reaction bed can be with
It is same or different.
5. the hydrogen energy source electricity generation system according to claim 1 or 2 using low temperature exhaust heat, it is characterized in that: the hydrogen reacts
Bed using circulatory mediator and heat medium partition or non-septate heat transfer, heat medium be air, flue gas, seawater, river water, lake water,
Gaseous heating medium, liquid heating medium, solid heat medium, two or two mixing or three-phase Hybrid Heating medium between gas-liquid-solid,
The high pressure or low pressure recycle medium and heat medium that hydrogen reaction bed uses when non-septate heat transfer exchange heat, circulatory mediator include hydrogen but
It is not limited to hydrogen, circulatory mediator is directly entered hydrogen reaction bed and is heated or moved heat, or the side using electricity, electromagnetism or internal heating
Formula, or by the way of external heat, or simultaneously by the way of interior external heat.
6. the hydrogen energy source electricity generation system according to claim 1 or 2 using low temperature exhaust heat, it is characterized in that: the hydrogen reacts
Bed is provided with metal hydride more changing device, and the metal hydride of dusting in production process or aging is quickly moved out and is more changed the outfit
New metal hydride is carried, using the material inhaled in hydrogen release intermittent time quick-replaceable hydrogen reaction bed, replacement hydrogen can also be shut down
Material in reaction bed, the material being replaced, which can be, inhales hydrogen state, is also possible to hydrogen release state, is also possible to inhale the mistake of hydrogen release
Cross state.
7. the hydrogen energy source electricity generation system according to claim 6 using low temperature exhaust heat, it is characterized in that: the hydrogen reacts sheet
The hydrogen reaction bed of first (1) is equipped with used metal hydride outlet port (17) and mouth (18) are added in fresh metal hydride, institute
Stating metal hydride more changing device includes fresh metal hydride storehouse (19) and used metal hydride storehouse (20), described to make
Used metal hydride outlet port (17) is connected to used metal hydride by sealing valve (29) and drawing pump (32)
Storehouse (20), fresh metal hydride storehouse (19) are connected to hydrogen reaction bed by addition pump (33) and sealing valve (29)；It is described
Metal hydride more changing device is conveyed using gravity conveying, mechanical conveying, pneumatic conveying, vacuum handling, fluid power conveying, electromagnetism
Method or their combination, thus reliably realize hydrogen reaction bed in metal hydride replacement any method be all suitable for.
8. the hydrogen energy source electricity generation system according to claim 1 or 2 using low temperature exhaust heat, it is characterized in that: organic work
The working media of matter compressor (12) and organic working medium expanding machine (13) be stable inorganic working medium or organic working medium or liquid nitrogen or
Inert gas or normal butane or propane, working media can be stable a single state either foundation in organic working medium circulation
Gas-liquid conversion conditions under working condition.
9. the hydrogen energy source electricity generation system according to claim 1 or 2 using low temperature exhaust heat, it is characterized in that: the gas is mixed
Clutch (2) is simple mixing arrangement or knockdown mixing apparatus, is provided with and including but not limited to uses push rod, pull rod, true
The mechanical and/or electrical system devices such as empty set system, guarantee that hydrogen outlet obtains the stream of the parameter stability including pressure, temperature
Measure continuous gas；Air in the air heat-exchange pipeline (24) can be by room temperature or low temperature solid-state, liquid, gaseous
Other media are replaced.
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| CN115513490A (en) * | 2022-09-27 | 2022-12-23 | 南方电网电力科技股份有限公司 | Residual pressure and waste heat utilization device of hydrogen fuel cell system and control method thereof |
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