CN109529295A - Movement posture rectificative training device and training method - Google Patents
Movement posture rectificative training device and training method Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
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- A63B69/14—Teaching frames for swimming ; Swimming boards
Abstract
The present invention relates to movement posture rectificative training device and training methods.The movement posture rectificative training device includes measuring unit, analytical unit and prompt unit；Measuring unit is connect with analytical unit, and analytical unit is connect with prompt unit；Measuring unit has three-dimensional cartesian coordinate system, and three-dimensional cartesian coordinate system has X-axis, Y-axis and Z axis；Measuring unit is placed in swimmer's trunk, and X-axis and the long axis of swimmer's trunk are in together in the first plane；The detection parameters of measuring unit include the right side rotational angle that the right side of left pivot movement angle and swimmer's trunk that the left side of swimmer's trunk is rotated around long axis is rotated around long axis；Prompt unit is placed in swimmer head.The training method is realized using the movement posture rectificative training device.Present invention is particularly suitable for the swimming fans using freestyle swimming stroke, and Real-time Feedback prompt is given during its swimming, can quickly and effectively improve its stroke standard degree and freestyle swimming speed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of movement posture rectificative training device and training methods, are particularly suitable for correction swimming fan's
Freestyle swimming stroke belongs to swimming instruction auxiliary equipment field.
Background technique
Understand according to inventor, swimming is that people generates under the buoyancy of water and floats up, and is had by buoyancy by limbs
The movement of rule makes the technical ability of body regular movement in water.Wherein, freestyle swimming is speed in current each competitive swimming technique
A kind of most fast posture.
For swimming fan, it is generally difficult to possess training time and the training money of the professional swimmer that matches in excellence or beauty
Source, this swimming rate for allowing for swimming fan is often difficult to obtain further promotion after reaching bottleneck, and it is directly former
Because the swimming position of mainly swimming fan is not up to standard, this needs to develop corresponding swimming instruction auxiliary equipment just to rectify
Just its swimming position.
Find that application number CN201610972638.0, the Chinese invention of application publication number CN106358024A are special through retrieval
Benefit application, discloses a kind of stroke monitoring system and stroke monitoring method, stroke monitoring system, comprising: generation unit is used for
Generate the real-time stroke model of user；First data processing unit, for according to the real-time stroke model of user and in advance
The standard stroke model of setting is generated to conversation structure；Display unit, it is described to conversation structure for showing；Display unit includes display
Screen, display screen are the eyeglass of swimming glasses.In this way, user can observe the strokes of itself while swimming, and according to mark
Quasi- stroke model corrects its own non-type strokes, to realize the purpose of specification itself strokes.
The Chinese invention patent application of application number CN201610959445.1, application publication number CN107115653A, it is open
A kind of device adjusting stroke, comprising: module is obtained, for obtaining the stroke information of user's limbs position to be detected；Prompt
Information determination module, for determining prompt information according to stroke information, prompt information is for prompting user to adjust swimming position.Its
In, limbs position to be detected, including spacing detection position and/or angle detect position, and stroke information includes spacing detection position
The corresponding angle information of corresponding pitch information and/or angle detection position；Prompt information determining module is specifically used between
The real-time stroke model of user is determined away from information and angle information, and is used for real-time stroke model and standard stroke model ratio
More determining prompt information, prompt information is for prompting user to adjust spacing and/or angle.In this way, user's trip can be effectively treated
Stroke information when swimming prompts user to adjust stroke in swimming.
However, techniques described above scheme be representative in the prior art, still not specifically for the swimming of freestyle swimming stroke
Training auxiliary equipment；Moreover, the decision logic and structure of these prior arts are complex, it is unfavorable for reducing cost,
The prompt information provided simultaneously is also complex, is easy that user is allowed to feel at a loss.
Summary of the invention
The main object of the present invention is: overcomes the problems, such as of the existing technology, a kind of movement posture rectificative training device is provided,
And corresponding training method is provided, specifically for the swimming fan using freestyle swimming stroke, it can quickly and effectively improve its stroke
Standard degree and freestyle swimming speed.
The technical solution that the present invention solves its technical problem is as follows:
A kind of movement posture rectificative training device, including measuring unit, analytical unit and prompt unit；It is characterized in that institute
The signal input part of the signal output end and analytical unit of stating measuring unit connects, and the control terminal of the analytical unit and prompt are single
The controlled end connection of member；The measuring unit has the three-dimensional cartesian coordinate system as measuring basis, the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate
System has X-axis perpendicular to one another, Y-axis and Z axis, and the X-axis and Y-axis are in same level, and the Z axis and horizontal plane hang down
Directly；The measuring unit is placed in swimmer's trunk, and the X-axis and the long axis of swimmer's trunk are in together in the first plane, and
The left and right side of swimmer's trunk is symmetrically distributed in the two sides of the first plane；The detection parameters of the measuring unit include swimming
The right side of left pivot movement angle and swimmer's trunk that the left side of person's trunk is rotated around long axis is rotated around the right side that long axis rotates
Angle；The prompt unit is placed in swimmer head；
The movement posture rectificative training device includes the detection parameters that the measuring unit will test and is sent in real time point
Analyse the monitoring state of unit；
The movement posture rectificative training device also includes on the basis of monitoring state, during swimmer's freestyle swimming, institute
It states analytical unit and judges whether the maximum value of the left pivot movement angle when swimmer's left side of trunk is discharged is according to detection parameters
Within the scope of predetermined angle, or judge whether the maximum value of the right side rotational angle when swimmer's right side of trunk is discharged is in preset angle
Spend the analysis state in range；The predetermined angle range is 35 ° -45 ° or within 35 ° -45 °；
The movement posture rectificative training device also includes on the basis of analysis state, and the analytical unit determines that left side turns
Dynamic angle maximum value or right side rotational angle maximum value are greater than predetermined angle range higher limit or are less than predetermined angle range lower limit
When value, the prompt state of corresponding prompt information is issued to swimmer by prompt unit.
Inventor has found in practical studies, left when by it, left side is discharged during freestyle swimming for the fan that swims
The maximum value of right side rotational angle controls within the scope of predetermined angle respectively when the maximum value of side rotational angle and right side are discharged
(the predetermined angle range is 35 ° -45 ° or within 35 ° -45 °), stroke standard degree and swimming rate are realized excellent
Change.Based on this discovery, inventor has obtained above technical scheme after further study, has been needed by visual cues swimmer by which
The rotational angle of side is increased or is reduced, and fast and effeciently to promote its stroke standard degree, and is obviously improved its swimming rate.
Further perfect technical solution is as follows for product of the present invention:
Preferably, the movement posture rectificative training device also includes on the basis of analysis state, the analytical unit according to
The left pivot movement angle-data and right side rotational angle data measured calculates swimmer's trunk two sides Rotation Symmetry data, and
Shape is adjusted by being adjusted the dynamic for being in two sides Rotation Symmetry data within the scope of default value to predetermined angle range
State；The two sides Rotation Symmetry data are the difference of left pivot movement angle maximum value and corresponding right side rotational angle maximum value；
The default value range has upper limit value and lower limit value, upper limit value≤10 ° and lower limit value >=0 °.
Inventor is it has furthermore been found that for the fan that swims in practical studies, and by it, trunk is left during freestyle swimming
The minimizing of asymmetry of side rotation and right side rotation, can advanced optimize its stroke standard degree and swimming rate.Base
In this discovery, inventor has obtained the above optimal technical scheme after further study, it is not necessary to change prompting mode and be able to guide trip
Its trunk Rotation Symmetry is promoted in preset range by swimmer, to further fast and effeciently promote its stroke standard degree
And swimming rate.
Preferably, the left pivot movement angle, right side rotational angle are respectively measurement with horizontal plane locating for X-axis and Y-axis
Datum plane.
Preferably, the detection parameters of the measuring unit further include that the pitch angle, swimming rate and swimming of swimmer accelerate
Degree.
Preferably, the measuring unit is sensor, and the analytical unit is processor, and the prompt unit is vibrator
Or intelligent glasses；The measuring unit is placed in the middle part of the sacrum area at swimmer's trunk back.
Present invention also provide that
A kind of movement posture rectificative training method, characterized in that use previously described movement posture rectificative training device；Institute
State training method the following steps are included:
Movement posture rectificative training device is worn on swimmer by the first step, wherein measuring unit is placed in swimmer
Trunk, prompt unit are placed in swimmer head；
Second step, opening movement correcting posture training aids, are at monitoring state；
Third step, during swimmer's freestyle swimming, the movement posture rectificative training device is in analysis state, and is according with
Prompt state is in when closing implied condition；The implied condition are as follows: the analytical unit determine left pivot movement angle maximum value or
Right side rotational angle maximum value is greater than predetermined angle range higher limit or is less than predetermined angle lower range limit；
After 4th step, swimmer terminate freestyle swimming, monitoring state is closed or kept to movement posture rectificative training device.
After the training method, swimmer can obtain in real time intuitive prompt information during freestyle swimming, need to only press
Prompt information adjusts left or right side rotational angle, can fast and effeciently promote stroke standard degree, and be obviously improved swimming
Speed.
Further perfect technical solution is as follows for the method for the present invention:
Preferably, in third step, when movement posture rectificative training device is in prompt state, if analytical unit determines swimming
The maximum value of left pivot movement angle is greater than the upper limit value of predetermined angle range when person's left side of trunk is discharged, then analytical unit is by mentioning
Show that unit issues the first excessive prompt information of left pivot movement to swimmer；If analytical unit determines the water outlet of swimmer's left side of trunk
When left pivot movement angle maximum value be less than predetermined angle lower range limit, then analytical unit by prompt unit to swimmer send out
The second too small prompt information of left pivot movement out；If analytical unit determines right side rotational angle when the water outlet of swimmer's right side of trunk
Maximum value is greater than the upper limit value of predetermined angle range, then analytical unit is excessive to swimmer's sending right side rotation by prompt unit
Third prompt information；If it is default that analytical unit determines that the maximum value of right side rotational angle when the water outlet of swimmer's right side of trunk is less than
Angular range lower limit value, then analytical unit issues right side to swimmer by prompt unit and rotates the 4th too small prompt information.
It is highly preferred that the prompt unit includes positioned at the left side vibrator of swimmer's left side of head and positioned at swimmer's head
Right side vibrator on the right side of portion；First prompt information includes left side vibrator vibration n times, and second prompt information includes
Left side vibrator vibrates M times, and the third prompt information includes right side vibrator vibration n times, and the 4th prompt information includes
Right side vibrator vibrates M times；N >=1, M >=1, N ≠ M.
Using the above preferred embodiment, it can be further assured that swimmer obtains intuitive and simple prompt information, be conducive to be promoted
Training effect.
Preferably, in third step, when movement posture rectificative training device is in analysis state, the analytical unit also according to
The left pivot movement angle-data and right side rotational angle data measured calculates swimmer's trunk two sides Rotation Symmetry data, and
Two sides Rotation Symmetry data are within the scope of default value by being adjusted to predetermined angle range；The two sides rotation
Symmetry data are the difference of left pivot movement angle maximum value and corresponding right side rotational angle maximum value；The default value range tool
There are upper limit value and lower limit value, upper limit value≤10 ° and lower limit value >=0 °.
Using the above preferred embodiment, it can further guide swimmer that its trunk Rotation Symmetry is promoted to preset range
It is interior, to further fast and effeciently promote its stroke standard degree and swimming rate.
Preferably, third step further includes the analytical unit record detection parameters, analysis result data and prompt event
Data, and it is uploaded to external host computer.
Using the above preferred embodiment, the various data that can generate swimmer during swimming are uploaded to host computer, it
Host computer can show various intuitive data drawing lists according to these data afterwards, for subsequent analysis or research.
Compared with prior art, it the present invention is based on the autonomous research achievement of inventor, is particularly suitable for swimming using freestyle swimming
The swimming fan of appearance, given during its swimming Real-time Feedback prompt, can quickly and effectively improve its stroke standard degree and
Freestyle swimming speed.In addition, training aids main body of the invention can be made small-sized box, it is small and exquisite portable.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the present invention is based on equipment placement schematic diagram in research achievement.
Fig. 2 is the requirement that the present invention is based on best inside and outside rotation angle range in research achievement.Wherein, chain-dotted line is water
Face；Twice solid line is existing report[9]The range of proposition；Dotted line is the range relaxed in this research.
Fig. 3 is that the present invention is based on the exemplary diagram that angular data figure is rotated in research achievement.
Fig. 4 is that the present invention is based on the exemplary diagram that swimming timing is singly plowed in research achievement.
Fig. 5 is the variance analysis test figure that the present invention is based on two groups of average speed in research achievement.
Fig. 6 is that the present invention is based on two groups of typical rotationals performance schematic diagrames in research achievement.
Fig. 7 is the body rotations data statistics figure that the present invention is based on whole swimmers in research achievement.In figure, R1 to R8
Respectively swim fan, and E1 to E6 is respectively professional athlete.
Fig. 8 is that the present invention is based on satisfactory rotation ratio and swimming rate relation schematic diagram in research achievement.
Fig. 9 is that the present invention is based on rotation asymmetry and swimming rate relation schematic diagram in research achievement.
Figure 10 is that the present invention is based on satisfactory rotation ratio and Rotation Symmetry relation schematic diagram in research achievement.
Figure 11 is that the present invention is based on all swimmer's overall situation schematic diagrames in research achievement.
Figure 12 is the device structure schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Specific embodiment
One, the research achievement that technical solution of the present invention is based on
(1) research background
Freestyle swimming is most fast and most popular swimming position, it is liked simultaneously by swimming fan and professional swimmer
The health benefits brought on body and (improved as coordinated and balancing) for it and mentally (such as relieve stress).Freestyle swimming phase in recent years
It closes research and has obtained extensive development: carrying out the acquisition of instantaneous swimming rate to freestyler using MEMS system[1-2]；It opens
Send out time phase detection algorithm, the arm for describing different strikes the stage, as hand enter water, grab water, under sweep and interior sweep[3-4]；Inspection
Survey freestyler leg kicking mode and rate[5-6].However, about inside and outside rotation (also referred to as body rotations) importance
Research is not analyzed extensively.
Body rotations refer to the rotation that swimmer carries out during swimming around its long axis.In requiring, freestyle swimming fortune
Mobilizing should rotate his/her shoulder, trunk and buttocks together as whole.Here it is so-called " streamlined rotations ".
Streamlined body rotations may be implemented by sufficient body rotations and balance.Sufficient body rotations refer to
The inside and outside rotation of maximum propulsive force can be generated, while can be to avoid unnecessary water resistance.Some researchers have studied in freestyle swimming
Outward turning gyration size[7], discovery shoulder average angle is 58 °, and buttocks average angle is 36 °.It is found in its subsequent research
Relationship between body rotations and swimming rate[8], shoulder rotation, which is reduced to 66 ° from 75 °, so that swimming rate is mentioned from 1.3m/s
Height arrives 1.6m/s；But best body rotations amplitude is not provided.It has been reported that[9]Statement, the body rotations of freestyler's trunk
Preferably every 40 ° -45 ° of side, however the statement is more like a kind of subjective supposition, there is no any experimental data, experimental results to come
It confirms.
Balance is another evaluation criterion for assessing streamlined rotation.Balance refers to the rotation pair in freestyle swimming
Title property and possible systematic bias.It has been generally acknowledged that breathing side rotational angle is greater than non breathing side.There is research[10]It is confirmed the existence of not
Symmetrical body rotations, wherein this mistake occurs in 38% experimental subjects.There are also researchs[11]Report, in rotational angle size
On, average 49.6 ° of the 57.1 °/right side in left side of shoulder, average 25.7 ° of the 24.6 °/right side in left side of buttocks；But Rotation Symmetry and trip
Correlativity is not shown between swimming speed.
This research is finally obtained by studying how satisfactory rotation performance influences freestyler's overall performance
Relationship between rotation size, Rotation Symmetry and swimming rate.
(2) research method
A. participant
Eight swimming fans and six professional swimmers are selected to participate in research.Their essential information counts down
Table.
Wherein, swimming fan at least swims 2 times weekly, and professional swimmer trains five days weekly.
In each test, it is desirable that every swimmer carries out 25 meters of continuous freestyle swimming with its normal speed.Test every time
Between have rest within one minute, to minimize influence of the fatigue to experimental result.Starting point of the swimmer station in swimming pool before start
Place；And it stands at once after requiring swimmer to touch terminal point wall.
B. experimental setup
For acquire freestyler's body gesture and temporal information quantitative data, using by nine-degree of freedom inertia measurement
The wearable insertion that unit MPU9150 (InvenSense, the U.S.) and ATmega2560 microcontroller (Atmel, the U.S.) are constituted
Formula equipment, and SD card is added as memory.
The acquisition parameter of the equipment includes 3-axis acceleration and tri-axis angular rate.Initial data is through 5Hz low pass
For Butterworth filter to minimize noise and maximize smoothness, this is common method in the art.Using built-in
MotionFusionTMAlgorithm calculates Eulerian angles.The equipment size is W75 × D100 × H35 (mm), and is disposed as shown in Figure 1
In on swimmer's trunk, that is, the middle part of the sacrum area at swimmer back is lain in a horizontal plane in, directly to acquire body rotations letter
Breath.
Wherein, the inside and outside rotation of angle of rotation (turning about the X axis) description swimmer, pitch angle (rotating around Y-axis) explain swimming
The state of person: swimming or standing.It is worth noting that, existing report[9]It is recommended that best body rotations range be 40 °-
45 °, and the range is fairly small so that be difficult to keep in early stage pilot experiments, then this research by the range be relaxed to 35 °-
45 °, as shown in Figure 2.
C. data are analyzed
The angle of rotation average value of every sideIt is calculated as follows:
Wherein, θnRefer to the angle of n-th rotation, N is the total degree rotated in single time swimming.
The inside and outside rotation of swimmer described using angle of rotation after filtering, and with this assess swimmer single time number of striking,
Body rotations adequacy and Rotation Symmetry.When body rotations angle is in 35 ° -45 ° of predetermined angle range, turning
It records and marks on dynamic angular data figure, example is as shown in Figure 3.Sufficiently rotation accounts for the ratio Ratio all rotated and is calculated as follows:
Wherein, No.rolls in range is the number sufficiently rotated, and No.total rolls is time all rotated
Number.
Average speed v is calculated as follows:
Wherein, laptime is single time swimming timing.
In view of predetermined angle range is 35 ° -45 °, the maximum deviation between bilateral rotation is limited to 10 °, such bilateral
Body rotations difference being rotated as symmetrical less than 10 °.
Pitch angle and X-axis acceleration information provide the end time information of every time swimming jointly.Single time swimming terminal definition
For pitch angle greater than 45 ° and at the time of X-axis acceleration is greater than 0.7g.However, the particular moment represent swimmer lift torso up erect to
Upper 45 ° and the case where stopped swimming, rather than actual touching wall moment.After tested, from touching wall to lifting torso up erect upward 45 °
Average time is 0.5 second.Therefore, single time swimming timing Laptime is calculated as follows:
Wherein, TACCx>0.7g&&Pitch>45°For to single time swim end of time timing time.Referring to fig. 4.
(3) result of study
A. it statisticallys analyze
Amount to 68 times swimming numbers of the 88 times swimming data and 6 professional swimmers that acquire 8 swimming fans
According to.In order to determine that swimming fan organizes and whether professional athlete group is statistically different crowds, average speed is carried out
Variance analysis test.Statistical data is as shown in the table.
Inspection result as shown in figure 5, two groups there are statistical difference (P < 0.0001), therefore can independently analyze.
B. angle of rotation is analyzed
Following table summarizes the performance of every swimmer, and Fig. 6 shows the typical rotational of swimming fan and professional athlete
Performance.
In table, R1 to R8 is respectively the fan that swims, and E1 to E6 is respectively professional athlete.
From the above data, compared with professional athlete, the fan that swims is maintained at predetermined angle model in body rotations
It has difficulties in terms of (35 ° -45 °) and holding balance in enclosing.The body rotations that professional athlete is struck every time are relatively uniform, and specially
The overall magnitude of industry athletes ' body rotation is less than swimming fan.In addition, the average single time swimming meter of 25 meters of professional athlete
When (Telite=24.65s) far smaller than swimming fan (Trecreational=44.08s).
Fig. 7 shows the body rotations statistics of all 14 swimmers.The average rotation amplitude of Fig. 7 and average swimming rate
Schematic diagram shows, the rotation amplitude of every group of almost nearly half swimmer is within the scope of predetermined angle (in figure between two thick lines
Region)；There are inordinate rotation (body rotations amplitude are more than 45 ° to fan's group of swimming), and keep body rotations amplitude default
Swimming rate in angular range is higher；Meanwhile in all swimmers, difference existing for professional athlete group VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION is non-
Normal small (0.05).
The rotation of left and right side is compared, as shown in the average rotation asymmetry schematic diagram of Fig. 7, two groups of turn
There are significant differences for dynamic asymmetry；Swim fan's bilateral rotation deviation up to 18 °, and all professional athletes this partially
Difference is respectively less than swimming fan.
In addition, rotation consistency uses the standard deviation of average rotation in the average rotation amplitude coincidence schematic diagram of Fig. 7
Difference indicates；The figure strengthens the discovery in Fig. 6, i.e. professional athlete can preferably keep the consistency level of body rotations, and
The body rotations variation of swimming fan is very greatly.
C. satisfactory body rotations and swimming rate
Rotation satisfactory in every time swimming (i.e. rotational angle is in 35 ° -45 °) is accounted for into the average specific all rotated
Example is mapped relative to average swim speed, as a result as shown in Figure 8.Then data are fitted to linear model, fitting parameter is such as
Shown in following table.
It is reachable with the increase of satisfactory rotation ratio by the matched curve of Fig. 8 it is found that in swimming fan's group
To higher swimming rate.However, really not so for professional athlete, satisfactory rotation ratio and swimming speed
Almost without correlation between degree.Upper table also demonstrates this point, the R square value (0.2435) of went swimming fan's group model
Higher than professional athlete group model (0.0037).It can be seen that compared with professional athlete, the swimming rate for the fan that swims with
Its satisfactory rotation ratio has better correlation.
D. Rotation Symmetry and swimming rate
Rotation asymmetry is mapped relative to average swim speed, as a result as shown in Figure 9.Then data are fitted to line
Property model, fitting parameter are as shown in the table.
It can be seen from the above result that rotating is in weak line sexual intercourse between asymmetry and average swim speed for two groups,
When rotating angular difference increase, two groups of swimming rate declines.It is certain that this shows that Rotation Symmetry rises in average speed
Effect.This correlation becomes apparent in swimming fan's group.For example, for the fan that swims, between bilateral body rotations
Asymmetry be higher than 25 ° then its swimming rate can be less than 0.5m/s；Meanwhile for professional athlete, even if bilateral difference in rotation
It is different less than 5 °, swimming rate also has almost no change.In fact, the rotation asymmetry of 80% professional athlete is less than 10 °,
And its average swim velocity variations is little.The R square value (0.2182) and professional athlete group model R of swimming fan's group model
Square value (0.0938) also turn out professional athlete it is symmetrical rotation between VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION almost without correlation.Professional motion
The metastable VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION of member shows that rotating asymmetry has little effect its achievement, it is thus possible to which there are also other ginsengs
Number plays more important function in group effect.
E. satisfactory body rotations and Rotation Symmetry
The relationship of satisfactory rotation ratio and Rotation Symmetry is as shown in Figure 10.Then data are fitted to linear mould
Type, fitting parameter are as shown in the table.
It can be seen from the above result that satisfactory rotation ratio is higher, then bilateral rotation amplitude difference is smaller.The correlation
All same obvious in two groups, the R square value of went swimming fan's group model is 0.0896, and professional athlete group model R is flat
Side's value is 0.0365.From the point of view of the angle, two groups are keeping meeting the requirements to rotate showing phase in quantity and Rotation Symmetry
As characteristic, this is confirmed in the mixed display of Figure 10 data point.
F. overall situation
Comprehensive all swimmer's data study meet the requirements rotation ratio and Rotation Symmetry pair by drawing surface chart
The influence of swimming rate.The Rotation Symmetry data recorded in degree are converted to hundred according to the corresponding rotation ratio that meets the requirements
Divide ratio.Model of fit is as shown in figure 11, and fitting parameter is as shown in the table.
It can be seen from the above result that the ensemble average speed of professional athlete group is higher than swimming fan's group.Numerically,
Rotation ratio, the body rotations symmetry of meeting the requirements show no less important to the speed of swimming fan, and first parameter is omited
It is micro- more important.However, without specific relationship between the two parameters and the VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION of professional athlete group.With profession
Player group model R square value 0.0938 is compared, and swimming fan's group model R square value 0.3569 shows its linear relationship more
It is good.
(4) it discusses
This research and inquirement influences of the inside and outside body rotations to freestyle swimming speed.It is wearable embedding by using what is specially designed
Enter formula equipment acquisition body rotations information.The equipment is placed in the middle part of the sacrum area at swimmer back, so as to direct
Extract body rotations information.The main performance index of acquisition includes inside and outside rotation amplitude, strike for every time number and average swim speed
Degree.
Using the characteristic of VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION analysis different stage swimmer.As a result, it has been found that two groups have statistical difference.Therefore right
Two groups carry out body rotations analysis respectively.
Although swimming, fan's group is different with the VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION of professional athlete group, and two groups still interosculate.Figure 10 institute
Show the result shows that, swimmer keep the satisfactory ability of body rotations amplitude help to maintain Rotation Symmetry.Body rotations
It more meets the requirements, then bilateral rotation difference is smaller.In addition, two groups are keeping meeting the requirements rotating quantity and the equal table of Rotation Symmetry
Reveal similar dispersing characteristic.
The body rotations amplitude of swimming fan usually has very high difference.According to existing theory[9], observe their list
Side rotation amplitude, the difference will increase water resistance, and swimmer is made to waste energy when overcoming the resistance.From hydromechanical sight
From the point of view of point, the greatest differences of body rotations amplitude may be that swimming fan is caused to organize poor one of the reason of VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION.This
Outside, there are the common issues of inordinate rotation for swimming fan's group, this will lead to excessive energy loss.The fan that swims is individual
The body rotations amplitude of R4, R6, R7, R8 are within the scope of predetermined angle, their VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION phase in swimming fan's group
To protrusion, this just further demonstrates view of the above.In view of bilateral rotation amplitude symmetry, all swimming fans are at this
It performs poor under.Two sides rotation amplitude, which differs greatly, will lead to the fluctuation of water flow, to also will increase water resistance.
Swimming fan shown in Fig. 8, Fig. 9 and Figure 11 organizes in all fit first order multinomial models, and R square value is big
In 0.2.The larger difference that expectability arrives when in view of analysis human subjects, these models can be regarded as effectively.(3)-C,
(3)-D, (three)-F's the result shows that, satisfactory body rotations amplitude and body rotations symmetry can all influence swimming love
The VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION of good person.It is distributed at high speed to obtain, swimming fan needs to increase satisfactory body rotations quantity, simultaneously
Keep each inside and outside rotational symmetry.
Although the two parameters can all influence the speed of swimming fan, their importance is different.Figure 11 went swimming
The model of fit of fan's group shows that the absolute value of X-axis coefficient is larger with numerical value, and the ratio of this rotation that shows to meet the requirements is to trip
The raising of swimming speed plays prior effect.Along with the body rotations symmetry that (three)-E result is pointed out can be by most
Satisfactory rotation is measured to induce, it may be determined that for the fan that swims, satisfactory rotation ratio is than rotation pair
Title property is more occupied an leading position.
The rotation performance of professional athlete group and swimming fan's group are dramatically different.The body rotations standard of professional athlete
Difference is smaller, illustrates that their rotation is more consistent, and angle is also narrower.This streamlined rotating technique can save energy.Pass through
The performance for observing professional athlete, it is found that the group does not strictly observe predetermined angle range.Each professional athlete is conforming to
Rotation ratio, the bilateral Rotation Symmetry aspect asked show different.However, regardless of above-mentioned parameter, professional athlete
High speed distribution all remain unchanged.It follows that inside and outside body rotations technology is for professional athlete and non-key.It can
Also other parameters more important function can be played in the performance for influencing professional athlete.
The result of this research confirms existing theory from actual angle[9], and pushed existing research[10-11].But this is still
Only in freestyle swimming body rotations research field desk study.Researcher can further increase other affecting parameters, increase mould
Type complexity is to optimize body gesture-rate pattern.For the fan that swims, feedback mechanism can be introduced to improve body and turn
Dynamic performance.
(5) conclusion
This research, which demonstrates swimming fan, to improve swimming speed by keeping body rotations to be within the scope of 35 ° -45 °
Degree；And find that rotation asymmetry will affect the swimming rate of swimming fan, and if rotation asymmetry minimizes, love of swimming
The swimming rate of good person can improve.Influence of the two parameters to professional athlete be not significant, this indicates that professional athlete
Other mechanism are adapted in its swimming mode to reach and keep higher swimming rate.It is moreover found that rotation-symmetric
Property in two groups with satisfactory rotation quantity increase and improve.
Two, it is based on the above research achievement, the freedom of swimming fan is improved the invention proposes corresponding technical solution
Stroke standard degree of swimming and swimming rate.
Present invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.But the present invention is not limited to be given
Example out.
Embodiment 1
As shown in figure 12, the movement posture rectificative training device of the present embodiment includes measuring unit, analytical unit and prompt
Unit；The signal output end of measuring unit and the signal input part of analytical unit connect, and the control terminal of analytical unit and prompt are single
The controlled end connection of member；Measuring unit has the three-dimensional cartesian coordinate system as measuring basis, and three-dimensional cartesian coordinate system has that
This vertical X-axis, Y-axis and Z axis, X-axis and Y-axis are in same level, Z axis and horizontal plane；Measuring unit placement
In swimmer's trunk, the long axis of X-axis and swimmer's trunk is in together in the first plane, and the left and right side pair of swimmer's trunk
Claim the two sides for being distributed in the first plane；The detection parameters of measuring unit include the left side of swimmer's trunk around the left side that long axis rotates
The right side rotational angle that the right side of rotational angle and swimmer's trunk is rotated around long axis；Prompt unit is placed in swimmer's head
Portion.
Movement posture rectificative training device has following state:
(1) detection parameters that measuring unit will test are sent to the monitoring state of analytical unit in real time.
(2) on the basis of monitoring state, during swimmer's freestyle swimming, analytical unit is according to detection parameters judgement when trip
Whether the maximum value of left pivot movement angle is within the scope of predetermined angle when swimmer's left side of trunk is discharged, or swimmer's body is worked as in judgement
Whether the maximum value of right side rotational angle is in the analysis state within the scope of predetermined angle when dry right side water outlet；Predetermined angle range
For 35 ° -45 ° or within 35 ° -45 °.
(3) on the basis of analysis state, analytical unit determines that the maximum value of left pivot movement angle or right side rotational angle is big
In predetermined angle range higher limit or be less than predetermined angle lower range limit when, by prompt unit to swimmer issue accordingly mention
Show the prompt state of information.
(4) on the basis of analysis state, analytical unit is according to the left pivot movement angle-data and right side angle of rotation measured
Degree rotates two sides by being adjusted to predetermined angle range according to calculating swimmer's trunk two sides Rotation Symmetry data
Symmetry data are in the adjustment state of the dynamic within the scope of default value；Two sides Rotation Symmetry data be left pivot movement angle most
The difference of big value and corresponding right side rotational angle maximum value；Default value range has upper limit value and lower limit value, upper limit value≤10 °
And lower limit value >=0 °.
In addition, left pivot movement angle, right side rotational angle are flat by measuring basis of horizontal plane locating for X-axis and Y-axis respectively
Face.The detection parameters of measuring unit further include the pitch angle, swimming rate and swimming acceleration of swimmer.Measuring unit is sensing
Device, analytical unit are processor, and prompt unit is vibrator or intelligent glasses；Measuring unit is placed in swimmer's trunk back
In the middle part of sacrum area.
Embodiment 2
The movement posture rectificative training method of the present embodiment, using the movement posture rectificative training device of embodiment 1；The training
Method the following steps are included:
Movement posture rectificative training device is worn on swimmer by the first step, wherein measuring unit is placed in swimmer
Trunk, prompt unit are placed in swimmer head；
Second step, opening movement correcting posture training aids, are at monitoring state；
Third step, during swimmer's freestyle swimming, movement posture rectificative training device is in analysis state, and mentions meeting
In prompt state when showing condition；Implied condition are as follows: analytical unit determines left pivot movement angle maximum value or right side rotational angle
Maximum value is greater than predetermined angle range higher limit or is less than predetermined angle lower range limit；
After 4th step, swimmer terminate freestyle swimming, monitoring state is closed or kept to movement posture rectificative training device.
In third step, when movement posture rectificative training device is in prompt state,
If analytical unit determines that the maximum value of left pivot movement angle when the water outlet of swimmer's left side of trunk is greater than predetermined angle model
The upper limit value enclosed, then analytical unit issues the first excessive prompt information of left pivot movement to swimmer by prompt unit；
If analytical unit determines that the maximum value of left pivot movement angle when the water outlet of swimmer's left side of trunk is less than predetermined angle model
Lower limit value is enclosed, then analytical unit issues the second too small prompt information of left pivot movement to swimmer by prompt unit；
If analytical unit determines that the maximum value of right side rotational angle when the water outlet of swimmer's right side of trunk is greater than predetermined angle model
The upper limit value enclosed, then analytical unit issues right side to swimmer by prompt unit and rotates excessive third prompt information；
If analytical unit determines that the maximum value of right side rotational angle when the water outlet of swimmer's right side of trunk is less than predetermined angle model
Lower limit value is enclosed, then analytical unit issues right side to swimmer by prompt unit and rotates the 4th too small prompt information.
Prompt unit includes positioned at the left side vibrator of swimmer's left side of head and positioned at the right side of swimmer's right side of head
Vibrator；First prompt information includes left side vibrator vibration n times, and the second prompt information includes that left side vibrator vibrates M times, the
Three prompt informations include right side vibrator vibration n times, and the 4th prompt information includes that right side vibrator vibrates M times；N >=1, M >=1, N
≠M。
In third step, when movement posture rectificative training device is in analysis state, analytical unit is also according to the left side measured
Side rotational angle data and right side rotational angle data calculate the left pivot movement angle and right side rotational angle of swimmer's trunk
Symmetry data, and so that two sides Rotation Symmetry data is in default value range by being adjusted to predetermined angle range
It is interior；Two sides Rotation Symmetry data are the difference of left pivot movement angle maximum value and corresponding right side rotational angle maximum value；It is default
Numberical range has upper limit value and lower limit value, upper limit value≤10 ° and lower limit value >=0 °.
Third step further includes that analytical unit records detection parameters, analysis result data and prompt event data, and uploads
To external host computer.
The present inventor seminar is trained discovery to swimming fan using the present embodiment training method, passes through
Testing result after training in 8 weeks shows that the freestyle swimming movement of swimming fan and professional athlete obviously reaches unanimity, and swims
Speed is promoted obvious.
In addition to the implementation, the present invention can also have other embodiments.It is all to use equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation shape
At technical solution, fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.
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Claims (10)
1. a kind of movement posture rectificative training device, including measuring unit, analytical unit and prompt unit；It is characterized in that described
The signal output end of measuring unit and the signal input part of analytical unit connect, the control terminal and prompt unit of the analytical unit
Controlled end connection；The measuring unit has the three-dimensional cartesian coordinate system as measuring basis, the three-dimensional cartesian coordinate system
With X-axis perpendicular to one another, Y-axis and Z axis, the X-axis and Y-axis are in same level, and the Z axis and horizontal plane hang down
Directly；The measuring unit is placed in swimmer's trunk, and the X-axis and the long axis of swimmer's trunk are in together in the first plane, and
The left and right side of swimmer's trunk is symmetrically distributed in the two sides of the first plane；The detection parameters of the measuring unit include swimming
The right side of left pivot movement angle and swimmer's trunk that the left side of person's trunk is rotated around long axis is rotated around the right side that long axis rotates
Angle；The prompt unit is placed in swimmer head；
The movement posture rectificative training device includes the detection parameters that the measuring unit will test and is sent to analysis list in real time
The monitoring state of member；
The movement posture rectificative training device also includes on the basis of monitoring state, during swimmer's freestyle swimming, described point
Analysis unit judges whether the maximum value of the left pivot movement angle when swimmer's left side of trunk is discharged is in default according to detection parameters
In angular range, or judge whether the maximum value of the right side rotational angle when swimmer's right side of trunk is discharged is in predetermined angle model
Enclose interior analysis state；The predetermined angle range is 35 ° -45 ° or within 35 ° -45 °；
The movement posture rectificative training device also includes on the basis of analysis state, and the analytical unit determines left pivot movement angle
Maximum value or right side rotational angle maximum value are spent greater than predetermined angle range higher limit or when being less than predetermined angle lower range limit,
The prompt state of corresponding prompt information is issued to swimmer by prompt unit.
2. movement posture rectificative training device according to claim 1, characterized in that the movement posture rectificative training device is also
It includes on the basis of analysis state, the analytical unit is according to the left pivot movement angle-data and right side rotational angle measured
Data calculate swimmer's trunk two sides Rotation Symmetry data, and make two sides rotation pair by being adjusted to predetermined angle range
Title property data are in the adjustment state of the dynamic within the scope of default value；The two sides Rotation Symmetry data are left pivot movement angle
The difference of maximum value and corresponding right side rotational angle maximum value；The default value range has upper limit value and lower limit value, the upper limit
It is worth≤10 ° and lower limit value >=0 °.
3. movement posture rectificative training device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the left pivot movement angle, right side
Rotational angle is respectively using horizontal plane locating for X-axis and Y-axis as measuring basis plane.
4. movement posture rectificative training device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the detection of the measuring unit is joined
Number further includes the pitch angle, swimming rate and swimming acceleration of swimmer.
5. movement posture rectificative training device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the measuring unit is sensor,
The analytical unit is processor, and the prompt unit is vibrator or intelligent glasses；The measuring unit is placed in swimmer
In the middle part of the sacrum area at trunk back.
6. a kind of movement posture rectificative training method, characterized in that use movement posture described in any one of claim 1 to 5
Rectificative training device；The training method the following steps are included:
Movement posture rectificative training device is worn on swimmer by the first step, wherein measuring unit is placed in swimmer's body
Dry, prompt unit is placed in swimmer head；
Second step, opening movement correcting posture training aids, are at monitoring state；
Third step, during swimmer's freestyle swimming, the movement posture rectificative training device is in analysis state, and mentions meeting
In prompt state when showing condition；The implied condition are as follows: the analytical unit determines left pivot movement angle maximum value or right side
Rotational angle maximum value is greater than predetermined angle range higher limit or is less than predetermined angle lower range limit；
After 4th step, swimmer terminate freestyle swimming, monitoring state is closed or kept to movement posture rectificative training device.
7. movement posture rectificative training method according to claim 6, characterized in that in third step, when movement posture is rectified
When positive training aids is in prompt state, if analytical unit determines the maximum value of left pivot movement angle when the water outlet of swimmer's left side of trunk
Greater than the upper limit value of predetermined angle range, then analytical unit issues excessive first of left pivot movement to swimmer by prompt unit
Prompt information；If analytical unit determines that the maximum value of left pivot movement angle when the water outlet of swimmer's left side of trunk is less than predetermined angle model
Lower limit value is enclosed, then analytical unit issues the second too small prompt information of left pivot movement to swimmer by prompt unit；If analysis
Unit determines that the maximum value of right side rotational angle when the water outlet of swimmer's right side of trunk is greater than the upper limit value of predetermined angle range, then divides
It analyses unit and rotation excessive third prompt information in right side is issued to swimmer by prompt unit；If analytical unit determines swimmer
The maximum value of right side rotational angle is less than predetermined angle lower range limit when right side of trunk is discharged, then analytical unit is single by prompt
Member issues right side to swimmer and rotates the 4th too small prompt information.
8. movement posture rectificative training method according to claim 7, characterized in that the prompt unit includes being located at trip
The left side vibrator of swimmer's left side of head and right side vibrator positioned at swimmer's right side of head；First prompt information includes
Left side vibrator vibrates n times, and second prompt information includes that left side vibrator vibrates M times, and the third prompt information includes
Right side vibrator vibrates n times, and the 4th prompt information includes that right side vibrator vibrates M times；N >=1, M >=1, N ≠ M.
9. movement posture rectificative training method according to claim 6, characterized in that in third step, when movement posture is rectified
When positive training aids is in analysis state, the analytical unit is also according to the left pivot movement angle-data and right side angle of rotation measured
Degree rotates two sides by being adjusted to predetermined angle range according to calculating swimmer's trunk two sides Rotation Symmetry data
Symmetry data are within the scope of default value；The two sides Rotation Symmetry data are for left pivot movement angle maximum value and accordingly
The difference of right side rotational angle maximum value；The default value range has upper limit value and lower limit value, upper limit value≤10 ° and lower limit value
≥0°。
10. movement posture rectificative training method according to claim 6, characterized in that third step further includes the analysis
Unit record detection parameters, analysis result data and prompt event data, and it is uploaded to external host computer.
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