CN109525324A - One kind being based on the molding novel photon probability mapping method of terraced fields - Google Patents

One kind being based on the molding novel photon probability mapping method of terraced fields Download PDF

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CN109525324A
CN109525324A CN201811215509.2A CN201811215509A CN109525324A CN 109525324 A CN109525324 A CN 109525324A CN 201811215509 A CN201811215509 A CN 201811215509A CN 109525324 A CN109525324 A CN 109525324A
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probability
terraced fields
constellation point
carried out
molding
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CN109525324B (en
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刘博�
张丽佳
毛雅亚
张颖
忻向军
哈特
孙婷婷
赵立龙
王俊锋
宋真真
刘少鹏
吴泳锋
王凤
姜蕾
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Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/50—Transmitters
    • H04B10/516—Details of coding or modulation
    • H04B10/54—Intensity modulation
    • H04B10/541—Digital intensity or amplitude modulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/50—Transmitters
    • H04B10/516—Details of coding or modulation
    • H04B10/548—Phase or frequency modulation
    • H04B10/556—Digital modulation, e.g. differential phase shift keying [DPSK] or frequency shift keying [FSK]
    • H04B10/5561—Digital phase modulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/32—Carrier systems characterised by combinations of two or more of the types covered by groups H04L27/02, H04L27/10, H04L27/18 or H04L27/26
    • H04L27/34—Amplitude- and phase-modulated carrier systems, e.g. quadrature-amplitude modulated carrier systems
    • H04L27/3405—Modifications of the signal space to increase the efficiency of transmission, e.g. reduction of the bit error rate, bandwidth, or average power
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0062—Network aspects
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0062—Network aspects
    • H04Q2011/0086—Network resource allocation, dimensioning or optimisation

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Optical Communication System (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to one kind to be based on the molding novel photon probability mapping method of terraced fields, belongs to mapping method technical field.Include the following steps: to be matched according to channel condition and best Gaussian beam is generated by laser；Probability match device carries out probability match, and space phase array changes Gaussian beam shape, obtains terraced fields and forms novel light beam；64QAM projection mapping is carried out to data with novel light beam；64 constellation point optical signals are subjected to concentration convergence；Preemphasis；It after optical signal channel, is detected after amplification by photodetector, low-pass filtering, then orthogonalization and normalization, it is balanced to carry out Data Convergence；The matching of probability solution rejects step noise with wavelet transformation analysis method, carries out constellation demapping；Channel situation is estimated according to the data received, by information feedback to probability match device, real-time dynamic regulation is carried out to probability match device.Signal transmission power can be effectively reduced in the present invention, reduces the bit error rate, improves band efficiency and transmission range.

Description

One kind being based on the molding novel photon probability mapping method of terraced fields
Technical field
The present invention relates to one kind to be based on the molding novel photon probability mapping method of terraced fields, belongs to mapping method technology neck Domain.
Background technique
With the rapid development of information technology, nowadays from video on demand, social media, cloud computing and other are various each The network flow that sample network application generates increase it is very swift and violent, socio-economic development to the bandwidth requirement of communication network increasingly Height, access net are still the bottleneck for limiting whole network performance.Therefore under so urgent situation, power system capacity and biography are improved Flexibly adjustable multi tate access is the critical issue that must currently solve for defeated distance and realization access net.Passive optical network (PON) technology simply and supports the advantages such as service transparency to be widely used in access net by its large capacity, structure.With number The development of word signal processing (DSP) technology and the rapid progress of photoelectric device bandwidth and rate, coherent system are widely used in connecing In networking.Due to being applied to the next generation with better receiving end sensitivity and good wavelength selectivity, coherent detection High speed PON is to greatly improve transmission range and capacity.
Traditional digital modulation mode has amplitude-shift keying (ASK), frequency shift keying (FSK) and phase keying (PSK) etc., these There are many deficiencies for traditional Digital Modulation Techniques, and if the availability of frequency spectrum is low, transmission bandwidth external radiation is serious, anti-noise acoustic reactance Jamming performance difference etc..Quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) is a kind of efficiently modulated using carrier amplitude and phase combining to transmit ratio The modulation format of special information greatly improves the frequency of Transmission system by multi-system level magnitudes in conjunction with quadrature carrier technology Compose utilization rate.Since it is with good characteristic, fiber optic communication, satellite communication, DTV height it have been widely used at present The fields such as fast data transmission, the various new technologies based on QAM modulation are by extensive concern.However, QAM modulation format remains unchanged, distance is fragrant Agriculture power-carrying has the shaping gain of 1.53dB, and tradition PON is inflexible, can only be changed by changing the order of modulation of signal Variable bandwidth distribution.
Summary of the invention
The invention proposes one kind to be based on the molding novel photon probability mapping method of terraced fields, in the base of QAM modulation format It is optimized on plinth, by establishing the light beam of Gaussian shaped profile, the higher symbol of the lower symbol specific energy of energy occurs Probability is high, so that signal more match channels characteristic, sets terrace shaped for outer layer constellation point on this basis, so that this Novel photon probability mapping method had both had Gaussian beam bring performance boost, and signal transmission power is effectively reduced, and reduces and misses Code rate, improves band efficiency and transmission range, but can according to the demand flexible allocation different bandwidth of different QoS user, and Without the order of modulation for changing signal.
The present invention is to solve its technical problem to adopt the following technical scheme that
One kind being based on the molding novel photon probability mapping method of terraced fields, includes the following steps:
(1) probability match device matches according to channel condition and realizes that information rate can reach maximum best Gauss light first Next harness shape carries out outermost terraced fields gradient fine then according to the terraced fields gradient of user demand coarse adjustment time outer layer Probability match；
(2) according to the probability distribution matched in probability match device, laser resonant cavity issues cross section amplitude and meets The basic mode radiation field of particular Gaussian distribution；
(3) Gaussian beam that laser generates is right according to the probability that probability match device matches by space phase array The modulation voltage being applied on space phase array carries out real-time control, and then realizes the terrace-type probability truncation tune to frequency spectrum System；
(4) after obtaining the novel light beam of terraced fields molding, the probability Distribution Model of the user is just established, with the novel light beam 64QAM projection mapping is carried out to data information；
(5) after data projection mapping, the optical signal of 64 constellation points is subjected to concentration convergence, is generated after convergence processing Converge optical signal；
(6) after the interception of terrace-type probability, preemphasis is carried out to optical signal；
(7) optical signal first passes through amplifier after channel, is then detected by photodetector, and low pass filtered is carried out Wave, then be orthogonalized and normalize；Then convergence equilibrium is carried out to data with CMA and CMMA algorithm, obtains clearly constellation Point；
(8) matching of probability solution is carried out, then further rejects step noise with wavelet transformation analysis method；Finally according to solution The constellation point probability allotted carries out constellation demapping；
(9) channel situation is estimated in receiving end, by information feedback to probability match device, to probability Orchestration carries out real-time dynamic regulation.
The probability distribution matched in probability match device described in step (2) is by the first sub- probability match unit institute Match.
Detailed process is as follows for step (3):
Then the Gaussian beam that laser generates is converged to by separating different wave length component after grating by lens On space phase array, optical signal is transformed into frequency domain, i.e. Fourier transformation from time domain herein by lens；According to probability match device The probability matched carries out real-time control to the modulation voltage being applied on space phase array, changes liquid in different pixels point The direction of brilliant molecule to change the light transmission rate of pixel, and then modulates the terrace-type probability truncation of frequency spectrum；It is modulated Each spectrum component is converted to time domain, i.e. inverse Fourier transform by lens；Then again via grating by different frequency components Synthesize the molding novel light beam of a branch of terraced fields.
Detailed process is as follows for step (7): optical signal will first amplify optical power by amplifier after channel, so It is detected afterwards by photodetector, converts optical signal into electric signal；Then low-pass filtering, filter are carried out to the signal received Noise in addition to base band；It is orthogonalized and normalizes again, prepare for Channel blind equalization, then use CMA and CMMA algorithm Convergence equilibrium is carried out to data, obtains clear and legible constellation point.
Detailed process is as follows for step (8): after obtaining clearly constellation point, the number that is received by counting each constellation point According to symbol numbers, the matching of probability solution is carried out, the constellation point probability then matched according to solution is further with wavelet transformation analysis method Reject step noise；Constellation demapping is finally carried out according to the constellation point probability that solution matches, constellation point is reverted into binary system Data.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
The present invention is applied in QAM modulation format by the way that Gaussian beam is carried out terraced fields molding.By controlling Gaussian beam The preliminary regulating system rate of distribution, make signal more match channels characteristic, then to Gaussian beam periphery carry out terrace shaped cut It is disconnected, different gradients is intercepted according to the demand of user, obtains new beam shape, then carries out constellation mapping data on this basis Projection.Better error performance and anti-non-linear behaviour, on this basis, terraced fields are obtained under the premise of smaller transmission power Molding realizes the terrace shaped bandwidth allocation that PON is directed to different QoS user.Gaussian beam profile makes signal more match channels Characteristic, so that power system capacity is closer to shannon limit and has higher rate, transmission range and spectrum efficiency, and preferably Sensitivity, and nonlinear influence can be reduced.Gaussian beam mapping method can be realized flexible rate adaptation, then tie Close the distribution that the user that terraced fields forming method is different QoS selects different gradients to carry out bandwidth according to certain rules.Utilize this A little characteristic combination modulation formats, may be implemented better signal transmission performance.Compared with traditional simple mapping scheme, using this The novel mapping method of kind is modulated signal, can obtain in the case where not having to and changing signal modulation order preferably non-thread Property tolerance, the lower bit error rate, higher power system capacity and flexible multi tate adjust.
Detailed description of the invention
64QAM system flow block diagram of the Fig. 1 based on the molding novel photon probability mapping of terraced fields.
Fig. 2 probability match device schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 Gaussian beam optical field distribution schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 space phase array of figure.
Novel beam pattern after the truncation of Fig. 5 Gaussian beam terrace-type.
Fig. 6 constellation mapping data projection schematic diagram.
Constellation point probability distribution perspective view after the mapping of Fig. 7 photon probability.
Constellation point probability distribution plan view after the mapping of Fig. 8 photon probability.
Fig. 9 basic communication illustraton of model.
The receiving end Figure 10 planisphere.
Specific embodiment
The invention is described in further details with reference to the accompanying drawing.
It is described in detail based on the molding novel photon probability mapping process of terraced fields
The present invention is to the process such as Fig. 1 for carrying out the mapping of photon probability after Gaussian beam progress terraced fields molding to qam constellation point It is shown.In figure by taking 64QAM modulation format as an example, the regulation of two-stage terraced fields gradient is carried out to Gaussian-shaped beam and generates novel light beam, then In 64 points binary data being modulated in QAM constellation with this novel light beam.
A kind of system component based on the molding novel photon probability mapping method of terraced fields of the present invention mainly includes with lower die Block: probability match device, space phase array, constellation mapping data projection, concentrates convergence transmitting, photon letter at Gaussian beam generation Number preemphasis, Channel blind equalization, probability solution adaptation, step noise are rejected and the modules such as feedback channel probability adaptation.
By taking 64QAM modulation format as an example, the working-flow of entire terraced fields molding photon probability mapping method are as follows: first root Optimal Gaussian beam shape, i.e. the μ value of Gaussian Profile are matched according to channel condition, stable specific distribution is generated by laser The Gaussian beam of situation.Then suitable terraced fields gradient is chosen according to user demand, control space phase array carries out terrace-type Then probability interception carries out the projection of 64QAM constellation mapping to intercept obtained novel light beam to data information, will be each after projection A constellation point information carries out concentrating convergence transmitting, and carries out photon signal preemphasis, completes terraced fields molding photon probability with this and reflects It penetrates.Data information is received after channel by photodetector, is handled using DSP such as orthonomalization, data blind equalizations, right Constellation point probability carries out solution matching, and then constellation demapping, recovers binary data.Channel is carried out using the data received Estimation, and channel situation is fed back to probability match device, realize the adaptive of probability.
The specific workflow of the mapping scheme modules is as described below:
(1) probability match device
This module by the first sub- probability match unit, the second sub- probability match unit and the sub- probability match unit of third this three A sub- probability match unit is constituted, as shown in Figure 2.Whole Gaussian Profile is first set, then successively terrace-type is cut on this basis Take time outer layer and outermost probability distribution.
First sub- probability match unit: first according to channel condition match achievable information rate can reach it is maximum most Good Gaussian beam shape.It is distributed probability density distribution shown in (1) formula of obedience, and different μ values represents different Gaussian Profiles, The different available ({ μ of μ value of K kind is set1, μ2, μK), μ1, μ2, μKFor the distribution variable factor.
Wherein: x is distance of the constellation point relative to center, and μ is the distribution variable factor, σ2For noise variance.
Second sub- probability match unit: and then the terraced fields gradient according to user demand coarse adjustment time outer layer.The gradient shares M kind Different probability is for matching ({ P1, P2, PM, P1, P2, PMFor M kind different probability, the arrangement of numerical value ascending order, P1Minimum, PMIt is maximum).
The sub- probability match unit of third: fine probability match next is carried out to outermost terraced fields gradient.The gradient is total The probability for having N kind different is for matching ({ Q1, Q2, QN, Q1, Q2, QNFor the different probability of N kind, numerical value ascending order is arranged, Q1Minimum, QMIt is maximum).
It should be noted that probability match needs to follow following criterion: classification carries out, and dynamically distributes, can not be out-of-limit.I.e. must It must successively be carried out according to the sequence of the first sub- probability match unit, the second sub- probability match unit, the sub- probability match unit of third, And { P1, P2, PMAnd { Q1, Q2, QNIt is not fixed.The sub- probability match unit of secondary outer layer second it is general Rate can matching range { P1, P2, PMIt is that the Gaussian Profile according to selected by the first sub- probability match unit carries out dynamic Adjustment, PMIt is less than the minimum equal to internal layer probability；The probability of the sub- probability match unit of outermost layer third can matching range {Q1, Q2, QNIt is that the probability value according to selected by the second sub- probability match unit carries out dynamic adjustment, QNIt is less than Equal to the matched probability of secondary outer layer institute.
The application can be realized flexible adjustable rate by choosing different Gaussian Profiles, on the other hand, in face of not When the different demands of same QoS (service quality) client, it is desirable to be able to which the rate variation for realizing phase step type is asked to solve this Topic, we have proposed the molding methods of terraced fields.64QAM is modulated, we have proposed the moldings of two-stage terraced fields.By to level-one ladder Degree carries out probability interception, and the coarse adjustment of rate may be implemented, in the demand for encountering fine tuning, can carry out probability by second order gradient Interception.
(2) Gaussian beam generation unit
This module is made of laser.According to the μ value that the in probability match device first sub- probability match unit is matched, swash Light device resonant cavity issues the basic mode radiation field that cross section amplitude meets particular Gaussian distribution, and the optical field distribution on cross section is one Round spot, as shown in figure 3, central light strength is most strong, edge gradually weakens.For additive white Gaussian noise channels, Gaussian beam It can match well with the characteristic of channel, to optimize communication performance.
(3) space phase array
The module is the space phase array that real-time dynamic light modulation is carried out based on liquid crystal layer.The space phase array is by being permitted The minimum unit composition more to work independently, referred to as pixel, as shown in Figure 4.Based on electrooptic effect, by different pixels point Apply the direction that different external voltages changes liquid crystal molecule, to change the amplitude and phase of spatially optical field distribution.
The Gaussian beam that laser generates is separated different wave length component by grating, then converges to sky by lens Between on phased array, optical signal is transformed into frequency domain, i.e. Fourier transformation from time domain herein by lens.According to probability match device The probability allotted carries out real-time control to the modulation voltage being applied on space phase array, changes liquid crystal in different pixels point The direction of molecule to change the light transmission rate of pixel, and then is realized and is modulated to the terrace-type probability truncation of frequency spectrum.After modulation Each spectrum component be converted to time domain, i.e. inverse Fourier transform by lens.Then different frequencies is divided via grating again Amount synthesizes the molding novel light beam of a branch of terraced fields, as shown in Figure 5.
(4) constellation mapping data projection
After obtaining the novel light beam of terraced fields molding, the probability Distribution Model of the user is just established.With the novel light beam pair Data information carries out 64QAM projection mapping, as shown in Figure 6.It is Gaussian Profile this makes it possible to obtain center, periphery is terrace shaped distribution " terraced fields Gauss Joint Distribution ".The probability of center constellation point is greater than the probability of peripheral constellation point, so that transmission power is reduced, Due to the non-linear distortion of introducing variance and input power it is cube directly proportional, so it is proposed that mapping method improve System resists non-linear and noise ability, greatly improves the performance of communication system.The perspective view and plan view of probability distribution point Not not as shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8.It is level-one gradient as shown in figure 8, constellation point probability is identical on time outer ring in planisphere, in outmost turns Constellation point probability it is identical, be second order gradient.And intermediate constellation point still remains Gaussian probability distribution.
(5) convergence transmitting is concentrated
After data projection maps, the optical signal of 64 constellation points is subjected to concentration convergence, generates and converges after convergence processing Optically focused signal.
(6) photon signal preemphasis
After the interception of terrace-type probability, in order to avoid generating very high pulse in timing, need to photon signal Carry out preemphasis.
(7) DSP (Digital Signal Processing)
Optical signal will first amplify optical power by amplifier after channel, then be visited by photodetector It surveys, converts optical signal into electric signal.Then low-pass filtering is carried out to the signal received, filters out the noise other than base band.Again It is orthogonalized and normalizes, prepare for Channel blind equalization.Then with CMA (constant modulus algorithm) and CMMA (cascade multi-modulus algorithm) Algorithm carries out convergence equilibrium to data, obtains clear and legible constellation point.
(8) probability solution adaptation and constellation demapping etc.
After obtaining clearly constellation point, the data symbol number received by counting each constellation point carries out probability solution Matching.Then the constellation point probability matched according to solution further rejects step noise with wavelet transformation analysis method.Last basis The constellation point probability that solution matches carries out constellation demapping, and constellation point is reverted to binary data.
(9) feedback channel
Channel situation is estimated according to the data received in receiving end, by information feedback to probability Orchestration carries out real-time dynamic regulation to probability match device, realizes the availability of frequency spectrum and channel by this adaptive mode The raising of capacity.
The terrace-type probability interception module principle explanation of Gaussian beam
The terrace-type probability interception module of Gaussian beam is the nucleus module of the mapping method.
Mutual Information Theory of the reasons why the taking Gaussian beam in optical fiber, as shown in figure 9, the frequency spectrum of fibre-optic transmission system (FOTS) Efficiency and mutual information (MI) I (X that can realize that transmission rate can use input X and output Y；Y it) characterizes.By the knowledge of information theory It is recognised that should Gaussian distributed by the amplitude probability distribution of transmission signal.Then by transmission signal with it is a kind of most Excellent method adapts to Gaussian channel noise.Gaussian Profile is shaping gain relative to equally distributed gain, theoretically it is maximum at Shape upper gain limit isIt in practical applications, will be slightly with the obtained gain of limited planisphere It is smaller.
It is the planisphere received behind additive white Gaussian noise road shown in Figure 10, the probability distribution of constellation point meets this The New Probabilistic distribution that patent proposes, it was demonstrated that feasibility of this patent based on the molding novel photon probability mapping method of terraced fields And good characteristic.

Claims (5)

1. one kind is based on the molding novel photon probability mapping method of terraced fields, which comprises the steps of:
(1) probability match device matches according to channel condition and realizes that information rate can reach maximum best Gaussian beam shape first Next shape carries out outermost terraced fields gradient fine general then according to the terraced fields gradient of user demand coarse adjustment time outer layer Rate matching；
(2) according to the probability distribution matched in probability match device, laser resonant cavity sending cross section amplitude meets specific The basic mode radiation field of Gaussian Profile；
(3) Gaussian beam that laser generates is by space phase array, according to the probability that probability match device matches, to application Modulation voltage on space phase array carries out real-time control, and then realizes and modulate to the terrace-type probability truncation of frequency spectrum；
(4) after obtaining the novel light beam of terraced fields molding, the probability Distribution Model of the user is just established, with the novel light beam logarithm It is believed that breath carries out 64QAM projection mapping；
(5) after data projection mapping, the optical signal of 64 constellation points is subjected to concentration convergence, generates convergence after convergence processing Optical signal；
(6) after the interception of terrace-type probability, preemphasis is carried out to optical signal；
(7) optical signal first passes through amplifier after channel, is then detected by photodetector, and low-pass filtering is carried out, then It is orthogonalized and normalizes；Then convergence equilibrium is carried out to data with CMA and CMMA algorithm, obtains clearly constellation point；
(8) matching of probability solution is carried out, then further rejects step noise with wavelet transformation analysis method；Finally matched according to solution Constellation point probability carry out constellation demapping；
(9) channel situation is estimated in receiving end, by information feedback to probability match device, to probability match device Carry out real-time dynamic regulation.
2. according to claim 1 a kind of based on the molding novel photon probability mapping method of terraced fields, which is characterized in that step Suddenly the probability distribution matched in probability match device described in (2) is matched by the first sub- probability match unit institute.
3. according to claim 1 a kind of based on the molding novel photon probability mapping method of terraced fields, which is characterized in that step Suddenly (3) detailed process is as follows:
Then the Gaussian beam that laser generates converges to space by lens by separating different wave length component after grating On phased array, optical signal is transformed into frequency domain, i.e. Fourier transformation from time domain herein by lens；It is matched according to probability match device Probability out carries out real-time control to the modulation voltage being applied on space phase array, changes liquid crystal minute in different pixels point The direction of son to change the light transmission rate of pixel, and then modulates the terrace-type probability truncation of frequency spectrum；It is modulated each Spectrum component is converted to time domain, i.e. inverse Fourier transform by lens；Then different frequency components is synthesized via grating again For the molding novel light beam of a branch of terraced fields.
4. according to claim 1 a kind of based on the molding novel photon probability mapping method of terraced fields, which is characterized in that step Suddenly (7) detailed process is as follows: optical signal will first amplify optical power by amplifier after channel, then be visited by photoelectricity It surveys device to be detected, converts optical signal into electric signal；Then low-pass filtering is carried out to the signal received, filtered out other than base band Noise；It is orthogonalized and normalizes again, prepare for Channel blind equalization, then data are carried out with CMA and CMMA algorithm Convergence is balanced, obtains clear and legible constellation point.
5. according to claim 1 a kind of based on the molding novel photon probability mapping method of terraced fields, which is characterized in that step Suddenly (8) detailed process is as follows: after obtaining clearly constellation point, by counting the data symbol that each constellation point receives Number, carries out the matching of probability solution, and the constellation point probability then matched according to solution further rejects step with wavelet transformation analysis method Noise；Constellation demapping is finally carried out according to the constellation point probability that solution matches, constellation point is reverted into binary data.
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