CN109520696A - A kind of multidirectional drop impact device of multiple spot and test method - Google Patents
A kind of multidirectional drop impact device of multiple spot and test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109520696A CN109520696A CN201811501314.4A CN201811501314A CN109520696A CN 109520696 A CN109520696 A CN 109520696A CN 201811501314 A CN201811501314 A CN 201811501314A CN 109520696 A CN109520696 A CN 109520696A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009863 impact test Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/08—Shock-testing
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of multidirectional drop impact device of multiple spot and test methods, it is related to mechanics performance testing technology field, device includes curvature shock testing machine, bumping post, support side plate, crossbeam, guide shoe, it impacts conduit and drops hammer, crossbeam is arranged above support side plate, curvature shock testing machine is arranged in below the crossbeam, bumping post is arranged on curvature shock testing machine, guide shoe is arranged on crossbeam to be slided along crossbeam, impact conduit upper end is connected with guide shoe, bumping post includes cylinder, capture bar and spring, it is fixed on cylinder end face that there are two capture bar, it captures and is provided with spring between bar.When being tested using the device, the size and Orientation of adjustment impact energy can according to need, and accurately set shock point, discharge multiple drop hammer and simulate multiple spot shock loading.The device and method solves in deep tunnel Equivalent Materials Testing that shock point is fixed, angle of attack is single and secondary the technical issues of dropping hammer, and also has many advantages, such as easy to operate, controls accurate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to mechanics performance testing technology field, especially a kind of drop impact dress for realizing multiple spot multiple directions
The method set and carry out tunnel dynamic load simulation test using the device.
Background technique
In the test of deep tunnel analog simulation, back needs to apply dynamic loading, and the application of dynamic loading is usually to pass through
It drops hammer and hits to realize, to carry out impact test there are impact forces insufficient, secondary hammering, angle of attack single but use is dropped hammer
The problems such as.Drop impact device is arranged on similar material model, can only realize that frontal impact is tested mostly, be difficult at same
The impact modes such as the drop impact test of multi-angle, such as fixed angle, fixed shock point are realized on drop impact device.Even if
It is to realize the falling weight impact test of multi-angle, and it is also very complicated to operate, the flexibility of impact test and popularity need
It further increases.In the dynamic loading Equivalent Materials Testing method of tunnel, existing drop impact device is utilized, it is difficult to simulate
Tunnel multiple spot is influenced by dynamic load and influence of the tunnel by continuous dynamic load.It in addition is to prevent the device secondary impact that drops hammer
Chinese patent CN105259022B, which discloses one kind, prevents the secondary impact device that drops hammer, and holds up rebound by specific mechanical configurations and falls
It hammers into shape and prevents secondary impact.But in large-scale Equivalent Materials Testing, existing drop impact device is difficult to be suitable for
On the Equivalent Materials Testing machine of large scale, for accurate control angle of attack and shock point position, Practical Project environment is simulated
The operating condition that middle multiple spot multiple directions are influenced by shock vibration simultaneously, it is similar with tunnel dynamic loading to existing drop impact device
Material simulation test is improved further.
Summary of the invention
Solve in deep tunnel Equivalent Materials Testing that shock point is fixed, angle of attack is single and secondary is dropped hammer
Technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of multidirectional drop impact device of multiple spot and test method, specific technical solution are as follows.
A kind of multidirectional drop impact device of multiple spot, including curvature shock testing machine, bumping post, support side plate, crossbeam, guidance cunning
Block impacts conduit and drops hammer；The crossbeam is arranged above support side plate, and curvature shock testing machine is arranged in below the crossbeam, bumping post
It is arranged on curvature shock testing machine, guide shoe is arranged on crossbeam to be slided along crossbeam, impacts the side of conduit upper end and guide shoe
Face is connected；Pointer and dial are provided in the guide shoe, pointer is fixedly connected with impact conduit；The bumping post includes
Cylinder captures bar and spring, and there are two bar is captured, one of them captures bar and cylinder is hinged, catches for the middle part setting of cylinder end face
It catches and is additionally provided with spring between bar.
Preferably, guide-track groove is provided in support side plate, the both ends of crossbeam are in T shape and are arranged in guide-track groove, institute
It states and is additionally provided with fixture nut in guide-track groove.
Preferably, the centre point of curvature shock testing machine cambered surface and the central point in equivalent material simulating tunnel coincide；It drops hammer
Middle part is provided with through-hole；The axis of cylinder and the axis of curvature shock testing machine cambered surface are overlapped.
Preferably, the end for capturing bar is provided with protrusion, and spring connects the end of two capture bars；Capture the length of bar
The length for subtracting end bosses is equal to the length dropped hammer, and the middle through-hole to drop hammer is in a circular table shape；It is in a tubular form and interior to impact conduit
Portion is smooth.
It is also preferred that pointer at right angles and is fixedly connected with dial, the end of pointer is indicated on dial.
It may further be preferable that support side plate is connected with static loading device, the width of the crossbeam is less than support side plate
Width, the width of curvature shock testing machine is less than the distance between support side plate.
A kind of tunnel dynamic loading Equivalent Materials Testing method is filled using a kind of above-mentioned multidirectional drop impact of multiple spot
It sets, step includes:
A. the multidirectional drop impact device of multiple spot is installed in the top in equivalent material simulating tunnel；
B. axial compressive force is loaded above analog material using static loading device, simulate mine pressure suffered by tunnel；
C. the position for adjusting curvature shock testing machine, in the centre point and equivalent material simulating tunnel for making curvature shock testing machine cambered surface
Heart point coincides；
D. impact energy is designed and calculated, horizontal depth of beam is adjusted, is fixed crossbeam using fixture nut；
E., the quantity and angle of attack of shock point are set；
F. release is dropped hammer, and observes and record the deformation in tunnel；
G. it squeezes to capture bar while removing and drop hammer.
It is also preferred that the maximum quantity of shock point is selected to be equal to the impact conduit quantity installed in step E；The step
In F, by dropping hammer for release 2 or more simultaneously, simulation tunnel multiple spot is influenced by dynamic load；It is repeatedly discharged in different time
Multiple to drop hammer, simulation tunnel is influenced by continuous dynamic load.
The beneficial effect comprise that
(1) the multidirectional drop impact device of multiple spot provided by the invention, setting curvature shock testing machine, impact conduit and the group dropped hammer
It closes, facilitates adjusting angle of attack, realize the impact of multiple directions, to be accurately controlled position and the angle of shock point；Pass through
Bumping post is set on curvature shock testing machine, avoids the secondary impact to drop hammer, the setting direction of bumping post and curvature shock testing machine
Axis is overlapped, and is captured on bar so that guarantee drops hammer smoothly to be stuck in, and setting spring, which facilitates, between capture bar captures bar reset, and
The structure is simple, easy to operate.
(2) the multidirectional drop impact device of multiple spot designs the curvature of curvature shock testing machine according to roadway position, guarantees that impact force is pressed
Scheduled direction transmitting, while there are certain spacing between curvature shock testing machine two sides and support side plate, guarantee that impact conduit turns
It is dynamic flexible, it falls by a predetermined angle to make to drop hammer；Support side plate can also be coupled with static loading device, be similar material
Expect that simulation model provides axis pressure.
(3) the multidirectional drop impact device of multiple spot is utilized in tunnel dynamic loading Equivalent Materials Testing method, in conjunction with test
It needs to complete multiple shock points, the adjustment of multiple angle of attack, and tests and effectively avoid secondary bring error of dropping hammer；
The height dropped hammer can be accurately adjusted according further to calculating, thus change the size of adjustment impact energy, it can also using the device
Flexibly simulation tunnel multiple spot is influenced and influence of the tunnel by continuous dynamic load by dynamic load.
In addition the present invention also has easy to operate, flexible structure, the advantages that being widely used.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the multidirectional drop impact apparatus structure schematic diagram of multiple spot；
Fig. 2 is guide shoe and attachment structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram that drops hammer；
Fig. 4 is bumping post structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is the multidirectional drop impact apparatus structure schematic diagram of multiple spot for being bent crossbeam；
Fig. 6 is the multidirectional drop impact device experiment structural schematic diagram of multiple spot；
In figure: 1- curvature shock testing machine；2- bumping post；21- cylinder；22- captures bar；23- spring；3- support side plate；4- is horizontal
Beam；5- guide shoe；6- impacts conduit；7- drops hammer；8- dial；9- pointer；The tunnel 10-；11- static loading device.
Specific embodiment
In conjunction with shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 6, a kind of multidirectional drop impact device of multiple spot provided by the invention and test method it is specific
Embodiment is as follows.
A kind of multidirectional drop impact device specific structure of multiple spot includes curvature shock testing machine 1, bumping post 2, support side plate 3, horizontal
Beam 4, guide shoe 5, impact conduit 6 and 7 are dropped hammer, as shown in Figure 1, the top of support side plate 3, curvature impact is arranged in crossbeam 4
Platform 1 is arranged below crossbeam 4, and between two support side plates 3, bumping post 2 is arranged on curvature shock testing machine 1, and guide shoe 5 is arranged
It is slided on crossbeam 4 along crossbeam, impact 6 upper end of conduit is connected with the side of guide shoe 5, sliding inside the 7 edge impact conduits 6 that drop hammer
It is dynamic to fall.Device can be integrally used cooperatively by support side plate and static loading device, in addition it can set in front and rear sides
Static loading device is set to apply the power of horizontal direction, is tried using the equivalent material simulating that the device completes adjustment more multivariable
It tests.
As shown in Fig. 2, being provided with pointer 9 and dial 8 on the side of guide shoe 5, pointer 9 and impact conduit 6 are fixed
At right angles, dial 8 is arranged on 5 side of guide shoe of 9 end of pointer for connection, pointer 9 and dial 8.Pointer 9 drives punching
The swing of conduit 6 is hit, the end of pointer 9 indicates that on dial 8, the indicating graduation of dial 8 and the angle of impact are corresponding, from
And accurately control angle of attack.Need can be set multiple guide shoes 5 and impact conduit 6 according to test, in guide shoe 5
The settable impact conduit 6 in two sides simulates increasingly complex impact to provide more shock points.Impact the design of conduit 6
It is interfered with each other so that dropping hammer not return between 7, and 7 fall trajectory of to drop hammer is fixed, and ensure that the accurate of 7 impacts of dropping hammer
Property.
Impact conduit 6 in a tubular form and interior smooth, thus the friction ignoring pipeline and dropping hammer between 7, will drop hammer 7 whereabouts
Potential energy direct equivalent conversion be shock loading, dynamic load can also be increased in the upper end setting catapult-launching gear of impact conduit,
Since impact conduit 6 is in the tubulose being open up and down, so facilitating setting catapult-launching gear hypodynamic to solve the problems, such as to impact.
Bumping post 2 includes cylinder 21, captures bar 22 and spring 23, and there are two capture bar for the middle part setting of 21 end face of cylinder
22, one of to capture bar 22 and cylinder 21 hingedly, another captures bar 22 and is fixed on cylinder 21, captures and also sets between bar 22
It is equipped with spring 23, as shown in Figure 4.The end for capturing bar 22 is provided with protrusion, and spring 23 connects the end of two capture bars 22.It catches
The convex upper portion for catching bar 22 is big, and the lower surface of protrusion is plane, and the raised size and shape of two sides is all the same.Capture bar 22
Length subtract end bosses length be equal to drop hammer 7 length, guarantee that capturing bar 22 passes through the strict card that will drop hammer after 7 that drops hammer
Capture bar on, drop hammer 7 middle through-hole it is in a circular table shape.When dropping hammer 7 along the lower backwardness of impact conduit 6, bar 22 is captured from bottom of dropping hammer
The macropore in portion enters, and is squeezed one of bar 22 that captures along articulated position rotation compressed spring 23, to catch on 7 tops of dropping hammer
Bar 22 to be caught across dropping hammer, then bar 22 is captured under the action of spring 23 and resets, the end of capture bar 22 has raised after reset,
The width of protrusion is greater than the aperture of 7 top apertures of dropping hammer, and 7 is fixed on bumping post 2 to drop hammer.
Guide-track groove is provided in support side plate 3, the both ends of crossbeam 4 are in T shape and are arranged in guide-track groove, in guide-track groove also
It is provided with fixture nut, the distance between support side plate 3 is greater than the width of curvature shock testing machine.The width of crossbeam 4 is less than support-side
The width of plate 3, pressure head can be reached smoothly above similar material model after ensure that installation static loading device 11.Curvature impact
There are certain spacing between 1 two sides of platform and support side plate 3, guarantee the rotation of impact conduit flexibly, to make to drop hammer 7 by predetermined angle
Degree falls.In addition crossbeam 4 is also designed to curved shape, as shown in figure 5, further increasing impact kinetic energy, and mentions
It is identical with the curvature of curvature shock testing machine 1 can also to keep crossbeam 4 for the flexibility of high device, so that its cambered surface subtracts to reciprocal correspondence
The tilt angle of small impact conduit, guarantees the stabilization of impact.
The centre point of 1 cambered surface of curvature shock testing machine and the central point in equivalent material simulating tunnel 10 coincide, according to tunnel 10
The curvature of Position Design curvature shock testing machine 1 guarantees that impact force transmits in a predetermined direction.It can also be impacted with prefabricated multiple curvature
Platform uses suitable curvature shock testing machine according to the position selection in tunnel in equivalent material simulating.Drop hammer 7 middle part be provided with through-hole,
The axis of 1 cambered surface of axis and curvature shock testing machine of cylinder 21 is overlapped, and further ensure that the direction of transfer of impact force.
A kind of tunnel dynamic loading Equivalent Materials Testing method is filled using a kind of above-mentioned multidirectional drop impact of multiple spot
It sets, as shown in fig. 6, step includes:
A. the multidirectional drop impact device of multiple spot, including fixed support side plate are installed in the top in equivalent material simulating tunnel 10
3, crossbeam 4 and guide shoe 5 are set.
B. axial compressive force is loaded above analog material using static loading device 11, simulate the pressure of mine suffered by tunnel 10
Power can also arrange static loading device 11 along 10 direction of tunnel in analog material, answer to simulate level suffered by tunnel
Power.
C. the position for adjusting curvature shock testing machine 1 makes centre point and the equivalent material simulating tunnel of curvature shock testing machine 1 cambered surface
Central point coincides, and the position of curvature shock testing machine 1 is determined by measuring, and selects prefabricated curvature shock testing machine 1, mean curvature impact
Bumping post 2 is mounted on platform 1.
D. impact energy is designed and calculated, the height of crossbeam 4 is adjusted according to required impact energy, it will be horizontal using fixture nut
Beam 4 is fixed.
E., the quantity and angle of attack of shock point are set；The impact for wherein selecting the maximum quantity of shock point to be equal to installation is led
6 quantity of pipe reads angle of attack by dial 8 and pointer 9, according to the position of shock point and quantity arrangement impact conduit 6.
F. release drops hammer 7, observes and record the deformation in tunnel, passes through dropping hammer for release 2 or more simultaneously, simulates lane
Road multiple spot is influenced by dynamic load；Repeatedly discharged in different time it is multiple drop hammer 7, simulate shadow of the tunnel by continuous dynamic load
It rings.
G. it squeezes to capture bar while removing and drop hammer.
Certainly, the above description is not a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is also not limited to the example above, this technology neck
The variations, modifications, additions or substitutions that the technical staff in domain is made within the essential scope of the present invention also should belong to of the invention
Protection scope.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of multidirectional drop impact device of multiple spot, which is characterized in that including curvature shock testing machine, bumping post, support side plate, cross
Beam, guide shoe impact conduit and drop hammer；The crossbeam is arranged above support side plate, and curvature shock testing machine is arranged under crossbeam
Side, bumping post are arranged on curvature shock testing machine, and guide shoe is arranged on crossbeam to be slided along crossbeam, impact conduit upper end and guidance
The side of sliding block is connected；Pointer and dial are provided in the guide shoe, pointer is fixedly connected with impact conduit；It is described anti-
It hits column to include cylinder, capture bar and spring, there are two bar is captured, one of them captures bar and cylinder for the middle part setting of cylinder end face
Hingedly, it captures between bar and is additionally provided with spring.
2. the multidirectional drop impact device of a kind of multiple spot according to claim 1, which is characterized in that set in the support side plate
It is equipped with guide-track groove, the both ends of crossbeam are in T shape and are arranged in guide-track groove, are additionally provided with fixture nut in the guide-track groove.
3. the multidirectional drop impact device of a kind of multiple spot according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the curvature shock testing machine arc
The centre point in face and the central point in equivalent material simulating tunnel coincide；The middle part of dropping hammer is provided with through-hole；The cylinder
Axis and the axis of curvature shock testing machine cambered surface are overlapped.
4. the multidirectional drop impact device of a kind of multiple spot according to claim 2 or 3, which is characterized in that the capture bar
End is provided with protrusion, and the spring connects the end of two capture bars；The length for capturing bar subtracts the length of end bosses
Degree is equal to the length dropped hammer, and the middle through-hole to drop hammer is in a circular table shape；The impact conduit is in a tubular form and interior smooth.
5. the multidirectional drop impact device of a kind of multiple spot according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the pointer and dial
It at right angles and is fixedly connected, the end of the pointer indicates on dial.
6. the multidirectional drop impact device of a kind of multiple spot according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the support side plate and quiet
State loading device is connected, and the width of the crossbeam is less than the width of support side plate, and the width of the curvature shock testing machine is less than support
The distance between side plate.
7. a kind of tunnel dynamic loading Equivalent Materials Testing method, which is characterized in that utilize described in claim 5 or 6 one
The kind multidirectional drop impact device of multiple spot, step include:
A. the multidirectional drop impact device of multiple spot is installed in the top in equivalent material simulating tunnel；
B. axial compressive force is loaded above analog material using static loading device, simulate mine pressure suffered by tunnel；
C. the position for adjusting curvature shock testing machine, makes the centre point of curvature shock testing machine cambered surface and the central point in equivalent material simulating tunnel
It coincides；
D. impact energy is designed and calculated, horizontal depth of beam is adjusted, is fixed crossbeam using fixture nut；
E., the quantity and angle of attack of shock point are set；
F. release is dropped hammer, and observes and record the deformation in tunnel；
G. it squeezes to capture bar while removing and drop hammer.
8. a kind of tunnel dynamic loading Equivalent Materials Testing method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the step
The maximum quantity of shock point is selected to be equal to the impact conduit quantity of installation in rapid E；In the step F, by simultaneously release 2 with
On drop hammer, simulation tunnel multiple spot influenced by dynamic load；Repeatedly discharged in different time it is multiple drop hammer, simulation tunnel by
The influence of continuous dynamic load.
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| CN201811501314.4A CN109520696B (en) | 2018-12-10 | 2018-12-10 | Multi-point multi-directional drop hammer impact device and test method |
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| CN110132725A (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2019-08-16 | 铜陵中锐电子科技有限公司 | A kind of five golden plate intensity detecting devices |
| CN110174230A (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2019-08-27 | 河北工业大学 | One kind falling reliability test |
| CN110823724A (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-02-21 | 中国民航大学 | Experimental device for observing impact damage of blade of aero-engine |
| CN111473938A (en) * | 2020-04-08 | 2020-07-31 | 方泽 | Structural strength and durability detection device for automobile part research and development |
| CN112033629A (en) * | 2020-09-06 | 2020-12-04 | 重庆万重山智能科技有限公司 | Drop hammer impact module and drop type impact test device thereof |
| CN112113735A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2020-12-22 | 北京理工大学 | Multi-point high-speed transient impact loading test system |
| CN113218787A (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2021-08-06 | 河海大学 | Submarine pipeline drop hammer impact test system and test method |
| CN113686705A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-11-23 | 合肥综合性国家科学中心能源研究院(安徽省能源实验室) | Multi-stress-gradient adjustable-speed drop hammer impact test method |
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| CN110174230A (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2019-08-27 | 河北工业大学 | One kind falling reliability test |
| CN110132725B (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2021-09-28 | 铜陵中锐电子科技有限公司 | Hardware plate strength detection device |
| CN110132725A (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2019-08-16 | 铜陵中锐电子科技有限公司 | A kind of five golden plate intensity detecting devices |
| CN110823724A (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-02-21 | 中国民航大学 | Experimental device for observing impact damage of blade of aero-engine |
| CN110823724B (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2021-11-30 | 中国民航大学 | Experimental device for observing impact damage of blade of aero-engine |
| CN111473938A (en) * | 2020-04-08 | 2020-07-31 | 方泽 | Structural strength and durability detection device for automobile part research and development |
| CN112033629A (en) * | 2020-09-06 | 2020-12-04 | 重庆万重山智能科技有限公司 | Drop hammer impact module and drop type impact test device thereof |
| CN112113735B (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2021-11-12 | 北京理工大学 | Multi-point high-speed transient impact loading test system |
| CN112113735A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2020-12-22 | 北京理工大学 | Multi-point high-speed transient impact loading test system |
| CN113218787A (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2021-08-06 | 河海大学 | Submarine pipeline drop hammer impact test system and test method |
| CN113218787B (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2022-06-14 | 河海大学 | Submarine pipeline drop hammer impact test system and test method |
| CN113686705A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-11-23 | 合肥综合性国家科学中心能源研究院(安徽省能源实验室) | Multi-stress-gradient adjustable-speed drop hammer impact test method |
| CN113686705B (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2024-01-26 | 合肥综合性国家科学中心能源研究院(安徽省能源实验室) | Multi-stress gradient speed-adjustable drop hammer impact test method |
| CN116124402A (en) * | 2023-01-30 | 2023-05-16 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Test system for simulating impact of flying object |
| CN116124402B (en) * | 2023-01-30 | 2023-07-21 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Test system for simulating impact of flying object |
| CN118443339A (en) * | 2024-07-11 | 2024-08-06 | 山东博硕环保机械设备有限公司 | Sanitation car subassembly performance detection device |
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