CN109520655B - Load transverse distribution coefficient measuring method and bridge stress distribution evaluation method - Google Patents
Load transverse distribution coefficient measuring method and bridge stress distribution evaluation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109520655B CN109520655B CN201811513010.XA CN201811513010A CN109520655B CN 109520655 B CN109520655 B CN 109520655B CN 201811513010 A CN201811513010 A CN 201811513010A CN 109520655 B CN109520655 B CN 109520655B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/25—Measuring force or stress, in general using wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays, microwaves, neutrons
- G01L1/255—Measuring force or stress, in general using wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays, microwaves, neutrons using acoustic waves, or acoustic emission
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/16—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring several components of force
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- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for measuring the transverse distribution coefficient value of a load, which comprises the following steps: a group of acoustic emission sensors are arranged at each hinge joint; loading the bearing member, and determining the position of a sound source based on signals collected by each acoustic emission sensor; based on the signals acquired by each acoustic emission sensor and the sound source position, obtaining an acoustic emission signal distribution diagram or an acoustic emission signal characteristic quantity distribution diagram of each hinge joint by adopting a mathematical fitting algorithm; correcting the acoustic emission signal distribution diagram or the acoustic emission signal characteristic quantity distribution diagram of each hinge joint; and calculating the load transverse distribution coefficient of each bearing member based on the corrected acoustic emission signal distribution diagram or acoustic emission signal characteristic quantity distribution diagram of each hinge joint. The method for measuring the transverse distribution coefficient value of the load can accurately obtain the transverse distribution coefficient of the load of the bearing member of the bridge, characterize the actual transverse distribution behavior of the load of the structure and provide a basis for judging the stress rationality and the working state of the bridge.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of civil engineering beam structure detection, in particular to a load transverse distribution coefficient measuring method and a bridge stress distribution evaluation method.
Background
An assembled bridge is generally composed of a plurality of load bearing members, which are connected to each other by a connecting portion provided in a width direction of the bridge to form an integral structure. The connection between load bearing members is generally considered to be a hinge joint, and the stress in the hinge joint is the primary mechanism for achieving lateral distribution of the load.
Due to the influence of factors such as construction quality and overload operation, bearing members and hinge joints of an assembled bridge in service are easy to damage, so that load cannot be smoothly distributed among the bearing members, and even a single bearing member is damaged due to overlarge stress. The transverse load distribution coefficient of the assembled bridge can reflect the internal force distribution on each bearing member under the load action, so that the workers can evaluate the structural integrity and the load distribution behavior of the bridge, judge whether the assembled bridge has uneven load distribution or not and further treat potential safety hazards.
Therefore, whether the transverse distribution coefficient of the bridge load can be accurately measured or not plays a crucial role in ensuring the safe operation of the bridge structure.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to solve the technical problem of how to accurately measure the actual load transverse distribution coefficient of the bridge.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for measuring the transverse distribution coefficient value of a load comprises the following steps:
s1, mounting a group of acoustic emission sensors at each hinge joint, wherein each group of acoustic emission sensors comprises a plurality of acoustic emission sensors arranged at intervals along the corresponding hinge joint, and the detection range of each group of acoustic emission sensors can cover the corresponding whole hinge joint;
s2, loading the bearing member, and determining the position of a sound source based on signals acquired by each acoustic emission sensor;
s3, based on the signals acquired by each acoustic emission sensor and the sound source position, obtaining an acoustic emission signal distribution map or an acoustic emission signal characteristic quantity distribution map of each hinge joint by adopting a mathematical fitting algorithm;
s4, correcting the acoustic emission signal distribution map or the acoustic emission signal characteristic quantity distribution map of each hinge joint based on the quantitative relation between the acoustic emission signal or the acoustic emission signal characteristic quantity and the stress;
and S5, calculating the load transverse distribution coefficient of each bearing component based on the corrected acoustic emission signal distribution diagram or acoustic emission signal characteristic quantity distribution diagram of each hinge joint.
Preferably, the acoustic emission signal profile or the acoustic emission signal characteristic quantity profile of each hinge joint is corrected based on the quantitative relationship between the acoustic emission signal or the acoustic emission signal characteristic quantity and the stress, the corrected acoustic emission signal profile or the acoustic emission signal characteristic quantity profile is equivalent to the stress profile in each hinge joint, and the load transverse distribution coefficient of each load-bearing member is calculated based on the corrected acoustic emission signal profile or the acoustic emission signal characteristic quantity profile of each hinge joint.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
based on the formula
Calculating the relative value of the resultant force, g, of each hinge jointtRepresenting the relative value of the resultant force, S, of the t-th hinge jointtRepresenting the area enclosed by a fitting curve and a coordinate axis in a corrected acoustic emission signal distribution diagram or an acoustic emission signal characteristic quantity distribution diagram of the t-th hinge joint, wherein t is 1,2,3, …, n-1, and n-1, the number of the hinge joints influenced by load is defined, a load bearing member applying load is defined as a No. 1 load bearing member, the hinge joint on the side surface of the No. 1 load bearing member is a No. 1 hinge joint, and the hinge joints adjacent to the No. 1 hinge joint are a No. 2 hinge joint, a No. 3 hinge joint, a No. … … and an n-1 hinge joint in sequence;
based on the formula
Calculating the internal force value, P, of each load-bearing memberi1When a load is applied to the No. 1 load bearing member, the internal force value of the No. i load bearing member, i being 1,2,3, …, n, n being the number of load bearing members affected by the load, is defined as the load transverse distribution coefficient of each load bearing member.
A bridge stress distribution evaluation method comprises the following steps:
measuring the load transverse distribution coefficient of each bearing component when different loads are applied at different positions by adopting the method for measuring the load transverse distribution coefficient value;
and evaluating the stress distribution of the bridge based on the load transverse distribution coefficients of the bearing members when different loads are applied at different positions.
In summary, the invention discloses a method for measuring the transverse distribution coefficient value of a load, which comprises the following steps: a group of acoustic emission sensors are arranged at each hinge joint, each group of acoustic emission sensors comprises a plurality of acoustic emission sensors which are arranged at intervals along the corresponding hinge joint, and the detection range of each group of acoustic emission sensors can cover the corresponding whole hinge joint; loading the bearing member, and determining the position of a sound source based on signals collected by each acoustic emission sensor; based on the signals acquired by each acoustic emission sensor and the sound source position, obtaining an acoustic emission signal distribution diagram or an acoustic emission signal characteristic quantity distribution diagram of each hinge joint by adopting a mathematical fitting algorithm; based on the quantitative relation between the acoustic emission signals or the acoustic emission signal characteristic quantities and the stress, correcting the acoustic emission signal distribution diagram or the acoustic emission signal characteristic quantity distribution diagram of each hinge joint; and calculating the load transverse distribution coefficient of each bearing member based on the corrected acoustic emission signal distribution diagram or acoustic emission signal characteristic quantity distribution diagram of each hinge joint. The method for measuring the transverse distribution coefficient value of the load can accurately obtain the transverse distribution coefficient of the load of the bearing member of the bridge, characterize the actual transverse distribution behavior of the load of the structure and provide a basis for judging the stress rationality and the working state of the bridge.
Drawings
For purposes of promoting a better understanding of the objects, aspects and advantages of the invention, reference will now be made in detail to the present invention as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a method for measuring a lateral distribution coefficient of a load according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an assembled bridge construction and load application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a specific installation manner of an acoustic emission sensor in a method for measuring a transverse distribution coefficient of a load according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of an acoustic emission signal profile or an acoustic emission signal feature profile corrected based on a quantitative relationship between an acoustic emission signal or an acoustic emission signal feature and a stress;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of force distribution in an assembled bridge.
Description of reference numerals: acoustic emission sensor 1, hinge seam 2, bearing member 3.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the invention discloses a method for measuring the transverse distribution coefficient value of a load, which comprises the following steps:
s1, mounting a group of acoustic emission sensors at each hinge joint, wherein each group of acoustic emission sensors comprises a plurality of acoustic emission sensors arranged at intervals along the corresponding hinge joint, and the detection range of each group of acoustic emission sensors can cover the corresponding whole hinge joint;
as shown in fig. 3, the acoustic emission sensors are arranged on the surface of each hinge joint of the bridge along the length direction of the hinge joint at certain intervals, so that the detection range of each acoustic emission sensor can cover the whole hinge joint.
S2, loading the bearing member, and determining the position of a sound source based on signals acquired by each acoustic emission sensor;
as shown in FIG. 2, F1Is the applied load.
S3, based on the signals acquired by each acoustic emission sensor and the sound source position, obtaining an acoustic emission signal distribution map or an acoustic emission signal characteristic quantity distribution map of each hinge joint by adopting a mathematical fitting algorithm;
loading the bearing member by using a test load or an actual passing vehicle load on the bridge, acquiring an acoustic emission signal under a loading working condition, and calculating the position coordinates of each signal source by adopting an acoustic emission positioning technology; and based on the actually measured acoustic emission signals and the corresponding signal source coordinates, obtaining an acoustic emission signal distribution diagram or an acoustic emission signal characteristic quantity distribution diagram by adopting a mathematical fitting algorithm.
S4, correcting the acoustic emission signal distribution map or the acoustic emission signal characteristic quantity distribution map of each hinge joint based on the quantitative relation between the acoustic emission signal or the acoustic emission signal characteristic quantity and the stress;
and S5, calculating the load transverse distribution coefficient of each bearing component based on the corrected acoustic emission signal distribution diagram or acoustic emission signal characteristic quantity distribution diagram of each hinge joint.
The hinge joint can generate an acoustic emission signal due to internal stress, internal force distribution on each bearing member under the action of actual measurement load can be realized according to the quantitative rule of the distribution of the acoustic emission signal generated by the internal stress of the hinge joint, the load transverse distribution coefficient of each bearing member is obtained, the potential safety hazard caused by uneven load distribution among the bearing members can be found in time based on the actually measured load transverse distribution coefficient, and the fabricated bridge is convenient to maintain in time. The method for measuring the transverse distribution coefficient value of the load can accurately obtain the transverse distribution coefficient of the load of the bearing member of the bridge, characterize the actual transverse distribution behavior of the load of the structure and provide a basis for judging the stress rationality and the working state of the bridge.
During specific implementation, based on the quantitative relation between the acoustic emission signals or the acoustic emission signal characteristic quantities and the stress, the acoustic emission signal distribution diagram or the acoustic emission signal characteristic quantity distribution diagram of each hinge joint is corrected, the corrected acoustic emission signal distribution diagram or the acoustic emission signal characteristic quantity distribution diagram is equivalent to the stress distribution diagram in each hinge joint, and the load transverse distribution coefficient of each bearing member is calculated based on the corrected acoustic emission signal distribution diagram or the acoustic emission signal characteristic quantity distribution diagram of each hinge joint.
The acoustic emission signal distribution diagram or the acoustic emission signal characteristic quantity distribution diagram has equivalence with the stress distribution diagram of the corresponding region in the hinge joint, so that the corrected acoustic emission signal distribution diagram or the acoustic emission signal characteristic quantity distribution diagram can be used for replacing the stress distribution diagram in the hinge joint.
In the specific implementation process, the first-stage reactor,
as shown in fig. 4, based on a formula
Calculating the relative value of the resultant force, g, of each hinge jointtRepresenting the relative value of the resultant force, S, of the t-th hinge jointtRepresenting the area enclosed by a fitting curve and a coordinate axis in a corrected acoustic emission signal distribution diagram or an acoustic emission signal characteristic quantity distribution diagram of the t-th hinge joint, wherein t is 1,2,3, …, n-1, and n-1, the number of the hinge joints influenced by load is defined, a load bearing member applying load is defined as a No. 1 load bearing member, the hinge joint on the side surface of the No. 1 load bearing member is a No. 1 hinge joint, and the hinge joints adjacent to the No. 1 hinge joint are a No. 2 hinge joint, a No. 3 hinge joint, a No. … … and an n-1 hinge joint in sequence;
based on the formula
Calculating the internal force value, P, of each load-bearing memberi1When a load is applied to the No. 1 load bearing member, the internal force value of the No. i load bearing member, i being 1,2,3, …, n, n being the number of load bearing members affected by the load, is defined as the load transverse distribution coefficient of each load bearing member.
As shown in fig. 5, in the beam structure, it is considered that the hinge joints transmit only the shearing force but not the bending moment, and when the beam structure is cut along the hinge joints, a pair of hinge forces with equal magnitude and opposite directions act in each hinge joint.
The invention also discloses a bridge stress distribution evaluation method, which comprises the following steps:
measuring the load transverse distribution coefficient of each bearing component when different loads are applied at different positions by adopting the method for measuring the load transverse distribution coefficient value;
and evaluating the stress distribution of the bridge based on the load transverse distribution coefficients of the bearing members when different loads are applied at different positions.
By adopting the bridge stress distribution evaluation method disclosed by the invention, the bridge stress distribution is evaluated through the load transverse distribution coefficients of the bearing members when different loads are applied at different preset positions, and the load transverse distribution coefficient of the bridge can represent the actual load transverse distribution behavior of the structure, so that when the bridge stress distribution is uneven, the load transverse distribution coefficient of the bridge can be intuitively reflected, therefore, the bridge stress distribution can be quickly evaluated, the potential safety hazard can be conveniently found in time, and the bridge can be maintained and reinforced.
Finally, it is noted that the above-mentioned embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that, while the invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (2)
1. A load transverse distribution coefficient measuring method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, mounting a group of acoustic emission sensors at each hinge joint, wherein each group of acoustic emission sensors comprises a plurality of acoustic emission sensors arranged at intervals along the corresponding hinge joint, and the detection range of each group of acoustic emission sensors can cover the corresponding whole hinge joint;
s2, loading the bearing member, and determining the position of a sound source based on signals acquired by each acoustic emission sensor;
s3, based on the signals acquired by each acoustic emission sensor and the sound source position, obtaining an acoustic emission signal distribution map or an acoustic emission signal characteristic quantity distribution map of each hinge joint by adopting a mathematical fitting algorithm;
s4, correcting the acoustic emission signal distribution map or the acoustic emission signal characteristic quantity distribution map of each hinge joint based on the quantitative relation between the acoustic emission signal or the acoustic emission signal characteristic quantity and the stress;
s5, calculating the load transverse distribution coefficient of each bearing component based on the corrected acoustic emission signal distribution diagram or acoustic emission signal characteristic quantity distribution diagram of each hinge joint;
based on the quantitative relation between the acoustic emission signals or the acoustic emission signal characteristic quantities and the stress, correcting an acoustic emission signal distribution diagram or an acoustic emission signal characteristic quantity distribution diagram of each hinge joint, wherein the corrected acoustic emission signal distribution diagram or acoustic emission signal characteristic quantity distribution diagram is equivalent to a stress distribution diagram in each hinge joint, and calculating a load transverse distribution coefficient of each bearing member based on the corrected acoustic emission signal distribution diagram or acoustic emission signal characteristic quantity distribution diagram of each hinge joint;
based on the formula
Calculating the relative value of the resultant force, g, of each hinge jointtRepresenting the relative value of the resultant force, S, of the t-th hinge jointtRepresenting the area enclosed by a fitting curve and a coordinate axis in a corrected acoustic emission signal distribution diagram or an acoustic emission signal characteristic quantity distribution diagram of the t-th hinge joint, wherein t is 1,2,3, …, n-1, and n-1, the number of the hinge joints influenced by load is defined, a load bearing member applying load is defined as a No. 1 load bearing member, the hinge joint on the side surface of the No. 1 load bearing member is a No. 1 hinge joint, and the hinge joints adjacent to the No. 1 hinge joint are a No. 2 hinge joint, a No. 3 hinge joint, a No. … … and an n-1 hinge joint in sequence;
based on the formula
Calculating the internal force value, P, of each load-bearing memberi1Represents the value of the internal force i of the No. 1 bearing member when a load is applied to the No. 1 bearing member1,2,3, …, n, n is the number of load bearing members affected by the load, and the internal force value of each load bearing member is taken as the load transverse distribution coefficient of each load bearing member.
2. A bridge stress distribution evaluation method comprises the following steps:
measuring the load lateral distribution coefficient of each load bearing member when different loads are applied at different positions by using the load lateral distribution coefficient measuring method according to claim 1;
and evaluating the stress distribution of the bridge based on the load transverse distribution coefficients of the bearing members when different loads are applied at different positions.
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| CN112834093B (en) * | 2021-01-08 | 2022-02-11 | 中南大学 | Stress field reconstruction and damage assessment method and system for multipoint surface stress monitoring |
| CN115048731B (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2023-10-31 | 海沃机械（中国）有限公司 | Health assessment method and device for pull arm of garbage transfer truck |
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