CN109519487A - Fluted disc freewheel clutch - Google Patents

Abstract

Fluted disc freewheel clutch is a kind of rigid engagement class freewheel clutch, to increase the overall thickness for the material for bearing circumferential shearing force and the gross area of circumferential extruding force is born with contrate gear or umbrella tooth disk, on the basis of being improved load-carrying ability, cooperation auxiliary overrunning clutch, stroke converts enlarger, engage guiding surface, reset inclined-plane, stop device, avoid gap, buffer gear, bidirectional locking, the use of the multiple technologies means such as two-way separation, it is worn mitigating, extend the service life, reduce idle running angle, eliminate buffering, engage orientation angles, scope of application etc. has been achieved new progress.

Description

Fluted disc freewheel clutch

Technical field

The present invention provides a kind of freewheel clutch.

Background technique

Freewheel clutch mainly has frictional, engagement type two major classes at present.Frictionally generally using cylinder, voussoir as locking Element haves the shortcomings that easy to wear, the service life is short, it is small to bear load.It is engagement type mainly to have ratchet-type and pin-type load, using rigid biography It is dynamic to bear biggish load, but do not supported mutually between engaging element, single engaging element needs higher intensity, because And often circumferential size or circumferentially distributed apart from larger, cause idle running angle and transmission impact all bigger.Engagement overdrive from The engaging element of clutch is mainly circumferentially sheared and is squeezed at work, and the distribution of the engaging element of existing freewheel clutch On periphery, because of the presence of distribution distance, bears the overall thickness of the material of circumferential shearing force and bear total face of circumferential extruding force Product still has very big development space, and the overall thickness for bearing the material of circumferential shearing force bears mentioning for the gross area of circumferential extruding force Height means that a series of benefit is possibly realized --- under same load-carrying ability, the circumferential size or distribution distance of engaging element Can be smaller, transmission accuracy can be higher, and transmission impact can be smaller.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of overrunning clutch, contrate gear is used to increase and bear circumferential shearing force Material overall thickness and bear the gross area of circumferential extruding force, on the basis of being improved load-carrying ability, cooperation auxiliary is super More arrangement of clutch, stroke conversion enlarger, engagement guiding surface, reset inclined-plane, stop device, evacuation gap, buffer gear, The use of the multiple technologies means such as bidirectional locking, two-way separation in mitigation abrasion, in the extension service life, diminution idle running angle, is eliminated and is delayed All various aspects such as punching, engagement orientation angles, the scope of application have been achieved new progress.

The present invention includes inner ring (1), outer ring (11), Meshing Pair (4,7), clutch actuator (8,9,10,15), feature Being that Meshing Pair (4,7) include can be with the driving gear disc (7) or passive fluted disc (4) that outer ring (11) or inner ring (1) rotate, they End face have along whole circumference uniformly continuous be distributed driving cog (5,6), including driving tooth (6) and passive tooth (5)；Before Stating driving gear disc (7) can be engaged or be separated with passive fluted disc (4) by axial activity, thus realize outer ring (11) with it is interior Combination or separation of the ring (1) when circumferentially rotating；Clutch actuator (8,9,10) includes for triggering nibbling for Meshing Pair (4,7) Conjunction movement, provide engagement power simultaneously slow down transmission impact complementary overrunning clutch (9,15), the type of skill include but It is not limited to roller, Wedge-type, contactless, flexible ring type, chain ring type, photo-electric, hydraulic type, pneumatic type, magnetic-type, artificial Operated or above listed combination.

It include stroke conversion amplifying device (8) in clutch actuator (8,9) of the invention, it can surmount complementary The circumferential stroke of frictional locking object (9) in arrangement of clutch (9,15) is converted into driving gear disc (7) row bigger in the axial direction Journey makes driving gear disc (7) to reach locking object (9) when fully engaged position bears Main Load and not yet reaches lock position, Thus it improves engagement sensitivity and mitigates the degree that locking object (9) is extruded to prolong the service life.

It is perhaps between passive fluted disc (4) and outer ring (11) or interior between driving gear disc (7) and inner ring (1) of the invention Circumferential evacuation gap is reserved in junction between ring (1) and keyway (14)；In engagement process, when driving gear disc (7) reach When occurring engagement conflict before fully engaged position, avoided convenient for driving gear disc (7) and passive fluted disc (4) in circumferentially opposed rotation Conflict angle；Elastomeric cushion material is provided in evacuation gap to keep gap to be located at scheduled direction and slow down circumferential engagement punching It hits.

The pressure-bearing surface (18) of driving cog (5,6) of the invention and back pressure face (19) are plane, driving tooth (6) and passive tooth (5) tooth form is complementary, and face mode is plane contact, and the material that circumferential shearing force is born at the tooth root of same circumferential section is total With a thickness of full circumference, the part that the circumferential projected area of driving tooth 6 and passive tooth 5 is overlapped all is to participate in bearing circumferential extruding force Area.

A series of shapes that the cross sectional shape of driving cog (5,6) at same diameter of driving cog (5,6) of the invention is Complementary and continuously arranged straight flange wedge angle can start engagement action under any circumferential angle；In engagement process, pass It is circumferential that the pressure-bearing surface (18) of movable tooth (5,6) or back pressure face (19) can guide engagement both sides to adjust under the action of axial engagement force Relative angle slides to fully engaged position, and during the separation process, back pressure face (19) can draw under the action of circumferential extruding force The both sides for leading engagement are axially separated；It is nibbled using the tooth tip of magnetic means guidance driving tooth (6) and passive tooth (5) will enter Close apart from when deviate from each other and avoid positive collision.

The addendum line and dedendum line and driving gear disc (7) and passive fluted disc of driving tooth (6) and passive tooth (5) of the invention (4) angle of common axial line is equal, convenient for improving processing and the maintenance efficiency of the flank of tooth.

It is embedded with magnetic material (12) in inner ring (1) of the invention or driving gear disc (7) is assisted to reset using spring arrangement, And prevent its occur sliding axially in bar stroke and with passive fluted disc (4) rubs mutually or collision.

Roller (27) are arranged directly between the inner surface of outer ring (11) and the outer surface of inner ring (1) to replace axis in the present invention It holds.In the case where being provided with two-way separator (20) Lai Shixian axis (13) active on clutch actuator (8,9) of the invention Two-way separation.

The feelings of bidirectional locking arrangement (23) Lai Shixian axis (13) active are provided on clutch actuator (8,9) of the invention Bidirectional locking under condition.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is the radial junction composition of single unit system；

Fig. 2 is the axial arrangement figure of single unit system；

Fig. 3 is the local structural graph of clutch actuator；

Fig. 4 is contrate gear radial direction tooth form structure chart；

Fig. 5 is bearing alternative solution；

Fig. 6 is two-way separation scheme；

Fig. 7 is bidirectional locking scheme.

Specific embodiment

Referring to Figures 1 and 2, inner ring 1, outer ring 11, driving gear disc 7, passive fluted disc 4 and bearing 2 all with the same axle center of axis 13； Inner ring 1 is fixedly connected with axis 13 by key 14, is rotatablely connected by bearing 2 and passive fluted disc 4；Passive fluted disc 4 and outer ring 11 are solid Fixed connection；Driving gear disc 7 is slidably connected by the convex block 16 and the sliding slot 17 of inner ring 1 of itself, circumferential direction with the rotation of inner ring 1 but It can axially be slided along sliding slot 17, activity space its advance and retreat enough are engaged and separated with passive fluted disc 4；Driving gear disc 7 and by The end face of active toothed disk 4 or circumferential surface have the driving tooth 6 and passive tooth 5 along the distribution of whole circumference uniformly continuous respectively；6 He of driving tooth Passive tooth 5 has the tooth form of complementary configuration, can be with slide axially intermeshing or the separation of driving gear disc 7, thus in realizing The combination or separation of ring 1 and outer ring 11.Referring to Fig. 3, spring 15, roller 9, pin 10 and lever 8 constitute clutch actuator, bear The engagement action of duty triggering driving gear disc 7 provides engagement power for it and slows down transmission impact, and embodiment is --- in inner ring Raceway is set on 1 outer ring, and 15 one end of spring is fixed on raceway, and the other end is pushed up roller 9 to inner ring 1 along the direction of pressure-bearing The space become narrow gradually constituted with outer ring 11, allows it to be kept in contact with inner ring 1 and outer ring 11；In 1 top of inner ring, 9 quilt of roller Pin 10 is fixedly mounted in that side of wedging, and lever 8 is fulcrum with pin 10, and one end and pin 10 are rotatablely connected, free end With the back side face contact of driving gear disc 7, the point of application of lever 8 is arranged between free end and fulcrum in roller 9；When inner ring 1 by Push lever 8 with pin 10 for fulcrum rotation when lost motion switchs to pressure-bearing stroke, under the clamping of 9 inner ring 1 of roller and outer ring 11, The free end of lever 8 pushes driving gear disc 7 to slide axially and engages with passive fluted disc 4；Roller 9 can delay during gradually wedging The impact generated during being disengaged.Spring 15 and roller 9 are used as a kind of complementary overrunning clutch, can also use other The technology of type replaces, including but not limited to Wedge-type, flexible ring type, chain ring type, photo-electric, hydraulic type, pneumatic type, magnetic force Formula, manual control formula or above listed combination.

Referring to Fig. 3, the stroke that pin 10 and lever 8 are constituted converts amplifying device, is used not only for the circumferential stroke roller 9 It is converted into axial stroke, enlarging course can also be played the role of.In 1 top of inner ring, roller 9 is fixed by that side of wedging Pin 10 is installed, lever 8 is fulcrum with pin 10, and one end and pin 10 are rotatablely connected, and free end and 7 back side of driving gear disc are straight It connects sliding contact or is in rolling contact by installation idler wheel；Roller 9 to the setting of the point of application of lever 8 free end and fulcrum it Between；When inner ring 1 switchs to pressure-bearing stroke by lost motion, push lever 8 with pin under the clamping of 9 inner ring 1 of roller and outer ring 11 10 rotate for fulcrum, and the free end of lever 8 pushes driving gear disc 7 to slide axially and engages with passive fluted disc 4.Because roller 9 is to thick stick The point of application of bar 8 is arranged between free end and fulcrum, and the arm of force of free end is greater than the arm of force of the point of application, so in angle of circumference phase Free end is bigger than the stroke of the point of application in the case where.The ratio of the arm of force of the arm of force and point of application of free end is bigger, or The line of free end and fulcrum and axis 13 are closer to the line of the vertical or point of application and fulcrum and axis 13 closer to flat The circumferential stroke of row, roller 9 is bigger in axial amplification factor.The circumferential stroke of roller 9 is bigger in axial amplification factor, The faster arrival fully engaged position of driving gear disc 7, the sensitivity of freewheel clutch are possible to higher, and driving gear disc 7 Arrival fully engaged position bears Main Load, and preventing from roller 9 slides further towards limit wedging position later, thus Mitigate the degree that locking roller 9 is extruded to prolong the service life.

In engagement process, circumferential movement also is being done while driving gear disc 7 axially moves, is reaching fully engaged position It is likely to that engagement conflict occurs in week and axially before.For the ease of solving collision problem, as shown in Fig. 2, in driving gear disc 7 Convex block 16 and inner ring 1 sliding slot 17 between be reserved with evacuation gap, convenient for conflict in engagement process when, driving gear disc 7 and passive fluted disc 4 it is circumferentially opposed rotation avoid conflict azimuth.Gap stays in the pressure-bearing side of convex block 16 or bilateral all stays. Evacuation gap also can be set in the junction of passive fluted disc 4 and outer ring 11 perhaps between inner ring 1 and keyway 14 or keyway Between 14 and axis 13.Resilient material is arranged in gap in evacuation, and one can keep gap location in scheduled direction, and two can be with Slow down transmission impact.The elastic material used includes but is not limited to spring, air bag and rubber.

Referring to Fig. 3, state when this is driving tooth 6 and at a fully engaged passive tooth 5.Pressure-bearing surface 18 and back pressure face 19 are flat Face, a series of shapes that their cross sectional shapes at same diameter are are complementary and continuously arranged straight flange wedge angle, they two The extended line of addendum line and dedendum line that two intersections are constituted intersects at the same point in public axle center.Driving tooth 6 and passive tooth 5 are in sky Between upper complementation, the material overall thickness that they bear circumferential shearing force at the tooth root of same circumferential section is full circumference, whole Face mode is plane contact, and the part of the circumferential projected area coincidence of driving tooth 6 and passive tooth 5 is all to participate in bearing week To the area of extruding force.

Referring to Fig. 3, a series of shapes that the cross sectional shape of driving tooth 6 and passive tooth 5 at same diameter is it is complementary and Continuously arranged straight flange wedge angle.Pressure-bearing surface 18 together coaxial inner conductor angle be greater than or equal to zero and be less than transmission teeth material Between friction self-locking angle, after at a fully engaged, the pressure-bearing surface 18 of driving tooth 6 and passive tooth 5 is issued in peripheral force effect is born from Lock.The angle of back pressure face 19 and common axial line is between aforementioned self-locking angle and its complementary angle.Driving tooth 6 and passive tooth 5 Back pressure face 19 in release travel week under the action of circumferential extruding force, and in engagement process, in axial compression masterpiece Under, do not occur self-locking.Pressure-bearing surface 18 or back pressure face 19 can guide engagement both sides' adjustment under the action of axial engagement force Circumferentially opposed angle slides to fully engaged position, and during the separation process, and back pressure face 19 can be under the action of circumferential extruding force The both sides of guidance engagement are axially separated.Driving tooth 6 and passive tooth 5 can start engagement action under any circumferential angle, In engagement process, tooth top occurs to the probability very little of tooth top conflict, and point-to-point contact does not have stability, it is easy to It is converted to aspectant contact.It, can be respectively in driving tooth in order to avoid generation tooth top is to this extreme case of the conflict of tooth top On disk 7 and passive fluted disc 4 be arranged magnetic devices or allow they guided from carrying magnetic tooth tip will enter engagement apart from when It deviates from each other.

As shown in figure 4, the angle a and angle b phase of the addendum line and dedendum line of driving tooth 6 and the axial line of driving gear disc 7 Deng, and driving tooth 6 and passive tooth 5 are in axial and circumferential complementation, therefore, the dedendum line and addendum line phase of driving tooth 6 and passive tooth 5 The tilt angle of public axial line is the same, convenient for improving processing and the maintenance efficiency of the flank of tooth.

Referring to Fig.1, in inner ring 1 be embedded in magnetic material 12, assisted with suction driving gear disc 7 reset, and prevent its Occur sliding axially and passive 4 rubs mutually of fluted disc or collision in bar stroke.Magnetic material can also be substituted using spring.

Referring to Fig. 5, in order to obtain smaller radial dimension, directly the outer surface of the inner surface of outer ring 11 and inner ring 1 it Between setting roller 27 replace the bearing 2 in Fig. 1.If there are other devices on same periphery, isolation can be set in inner ring 1 They are limited in the range not conflicted with other devices by block 26.

Referring to Fig. 6, single unit system includes more than a set of auxiliary clutch, some mechanism is arranged clockwise, and another A part of setting counterclockwise；Using being slidably matched between axis 13 and inner ring 1, gap is circumferentially being provided between inner ring 1 and key 14； Shift fork 20 is fixedly connected with axis 13, and the clockwise direction of roller 10 and the counter clockwise direction of roller 21 is arranged in end.Work as axis When 13 actives rotate towards the direction in gap clockwise and surmount inner ring 1, shift fork 20 can first push roller 21 to spacious position, Continuing to rotate to the both sides when inner ring 1 surmounts outer ring 11 cannot combine.At this point, counter clockwise direction of the gap in key 14, when axis 13 When actively rotating counterclockwise, shift fork 20 can first push roller 10 to spacious position, continue to rotate to when inner ring 1 surmounts outer ring 11 Shi Shuanfang can not be combined.In the case where 13 active of axis, clutch two-way can be separated.Shifting fork device can also use liquid Pressure, pneumatic, photoelectricity or liquid electric system substitution.

Referring to Fig. 7, single unit system includes more than a set of auxiliary clutch, some mechanism is arranged clockwise, and another A part of setting counterclockwise；Roller 10 presses to narrow position by spring 15 and is kept in contact with inner ring 1 and outer ring 11, and roller 24 More spacious position is clamped in by spring 22 and spring 25；It uses and is slidably matched between axis 13 and inner ring 1, inner ring 1 and key 14 Between circumferentially having a gap；Shift fork 23 is fixedly connected with axis 13, and the clockwise direction of roller 24 is arranged in end.When axis 13 is main Dynamic to will drive inner ring 1 when rotating clockwise and rotate together, when 1 speed of inner ring is more than outer ring 11, roller 10 is locked.When axis 13 When actively rotating counterclockwise, shift fork 23 and spring 22 can overcome together the pressure of spring 25 roller 24 pushed to narrow position and It is locked.In the case where 13 active of axis, clutch can be with bidirectional locking.Shifting fork device can also use hydraulic, pneumatic, photoelectricity Or liquid electric system substitution.

Claims (10)

1. fluted disc freewheel clutch, including inner ring (1), outer ring (11), Meshing Pair (4,7), clutch actuator (8,9,10, 15), it is characterised in that Meshing Pair (4,7) includes can be with the driving gear disc (7) or passive tooth that outer ring (11) or inner ring (1) rotate Disk (4), there is the driving cog (5,6) along the distribution of whole circumference uniformly continuous in their end face or circumferential surface, including driving tooth (6) With passive tooth (5)；Driving gear disc (7) can be engaged or be separated with passive fluted disc (4) by axial activity, to realize outer The combination when circumferentially rotating of ring (11) and inner ring (1) separates；Clutch actuator (8,9,10,15) includes being used to trigger to nibble The engagement action of secondary (4,7) is closed, engagement power is provided and slows down the complementary overrunning clutch (9,15) of transmission impact, skill Art type includes but is not limited to roller, Wedge-type, contactless, flexible ring type, chain ring type, photo-electric, hydraulic type, pneumatic Formula, magnetic-type, manual control formula or above listed combination.

2. fluted disc freewheel clutch described in claim 1, it is characterised in that include row in clutch actuator (8,9,10,15) Journey converts amplifying device (8), it can be the circumferential row of the frictional locking object (9) in complementary overrunning clutch (9,15) Journey is converted into driving gear disc (7) stroke bigger in the axial direction, so that driving gear disc (7) is reached fully engaged position and bears mainly Locking object (9) not yet reaches lock position when load, thus improves engagement sensitivity and mitigates the journey that locking object (9) is extruded Degree is to prolong the service life.

3. fluted disc freewheel clutch of any of claims 1 or 2, it is characterised in that between driving gear disc (7) and inner ring (1), or Between the passive fluted disc of person (4) and outer ring (11) or between inner ring (1) and keyway (14) between junction is reserved with circumferential evacuation Gap；In engagement process, when occurring engagement conflict before driving gear disc (7) reach fully engaged position, it is convenient for driving gear disc (7) and passive fluted disc (4) it is circumferentially opposed rotation avoid conflict angle；Evacuation is provided with elastomeric cushion material in gap to keep Gap is located at scheduled direction and slows down circumferential mesh impact.

4. fluted disc freewheel clutch as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that the pressure-bearing surface (18) of driving cog (5,6) and back pressure face It (19) is plane, driving tooth (6) and passive tooth (5) tooth form are complementary, and face mode is plane contact, same circumferential section The material overall thickness that circumferential shearing force is born at tooth root is full circumference, the circumferential projected area coincidence of driving tooth 6 and passive tooth 5 Part is all the area for participating in bearing circumferential extruding force.

5. fluted disc freewheel clutch described in claim 1,2 or 4, it is characterised in that --- driving cog (5,6) is in same diameter A series of shapes that the cross sectional shape at place is are complementary and continuously arranged straight flange wedge angle, can open under any circumferential direction angle Beginning engagement action, in engagement process, the effect of the pressure-bearing surface (18) of driving cog (5,6) or back pressure face (19) in axial engagement force Under engagement both sides can be guided to adjust circumferentially opposed angle slide to fully engaged position, and during the separation process, back pressure face (19) The both sides of engagement can be guided to be axially separated under the action of circumferential extruding force；Using magnetic means guidance driving tooth (6) and The tooth tip of passive tooth (5) will enter engagement apart from when deviate from each other and avoid positive collision.

6. fluted disc freewheel clutch described in claim 5, it is characterised in that driving tooth (6) and the addendum line of passive tooth (5) and Dedendum line is equal with the common angle of axial line of driving gear disc (7) and passive fluted disc (4), convenient for improving the processing and dimension of the flank of tooth Repair efficiency.

7. fluted disc freewheel clutch described in claim 1,2,4 or 6, it is characterised in that be embedded with magnetic material in inner ring (1) (12) or using spring arrangement driving gear disc (7) is assisted to reset, and prevent that it from occurring sliding axially in idle running and with it is passive Fluted disc (4) rubs mutually or collision.

8. fluted disc freewheel clutch as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that directly in the inner surface of outer ring (11) and inner ring (1) Outer surface between setting roller (27) replace bearing.

9. fluted disc freewheel clutch described in claim 1,2,4,6 or 8, it is characterised in that clutch actuator is set on (8,9) It is equipped with two-way separation in the case where two-way separator (20) Lai Shixian axis (13) active.

10. fluted disc freewheel clutch as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that be provided on clutch actuator (8,9) two-way Bidirectional locking in the case where locking system (23) Lai Shixian axis (13) active.