CN109519124B - Two-dimensional guiding tool assembly and guiding method for petroleum drilling - Google Patents
Two-dimensional guiding tool assembly and guiding method for petroleum drilling Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109519124B CN109519124B CN201811530477.5A CN201811530477A CN109519124B CN 109519124 B CN109519124 B CN 109519124B CN 201811530477 A CN201811530477 A CN 201811530477A CN 109519124 B CN109519124 B CN 109519124B
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- nipple
- oil
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 140
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 claims description 97
- 238000007665 sagging Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/10—Wear protectors; Centralising devices, e.g. stabilisers
- E21B17/1078—Stabilisers or centralisers for casing, tubing or drill pipes
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum drilling tools, in particular to a two-dimensional guiding tool assembly for petroleum drilling and a using method thereof. According to the invention, through the technical scheme design of the screw and the front-mounted variable-diameter stabilizer and the rear-mounted variable-diameter stabilizer arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the screw, six steps of connecting the two-dimensional guiding tool assembly with a drill bit, drilling construction, borehole track judgment, borehole track sag reduction construction, borehole track sag stabilization construction and borehole track sag increase construction are adopted, the construction efficiency is improved on the basis of reducing the cost, and the construction of reducing the sag, stabilizing the sag and increasing the sag of the borehole track can be completed by adopting the same drilling tool.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum drilling tools, in particular to a two-dimensional guiding tool assembly for petroleum drilling and a guiding method.
Background
In horizontal well construction, the control of the well track mainly takes the inclination stabilization as a main part, the rigid stabilizer is used between the screw rod and the drill bit by the existing drilling tool structure, the track control is mostly inclination increasing, a large amount of sliding drilling is needed for adjustment to achieve the inclination stabilization, the construction efficiency is low, the cost cannot be further reduced, and the technical obstacle of one pass of drilling is obvious.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a two-dimensional guiding tool assembly for petroleum drilling and a guiding method, which have high construction efficiency and low cost.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a two-dimensional steering tool assembly for oil drilling comprising:
the front diameter-variable stabilizer is connected with the lower end of the screw rod, and the drilling hole sag is adjusted and regulated by changing the outer diameter of the front diameter-variable stabilizer;
and the rear diameter-variable stabilizer is connected with the upper end of the screw rod, and the drilling well hole sagging is regulated and adjusted by changing the outer diameter of the rear diameter-variable stabilizer.
The front-mounted reducing stabilizer comprises: the hydraulic stabilizer comprises a front variable-diameter stabilizer body, an oil cylinder, a hydraulic nipple, a first battery nipple, a first circuit nipple oil pipeline and a first electric pipeline; the oil cylinder is connected to the outer side wall of the front variable-diameter stabilizer body, and is connected with one end of an oil pipeline arranged in the side wall of the front variable-diameter stabilizer body, and the other end of the oil pipeline is connected with a hydraulic nipple connected to the outer side wall of the front variable-diameter stabilizer body; the first battery nipple and the first circuit nipple are both arranged on the outer side wall of the front-end reducing stabilizer body, and the hydraulic nipple, the first battery nipple and the first circuit nipple are connected through a first electric pipeline arranged in the side wall of the front-end reducing stabilizer body.
The front variable-diameter stabilizer is characterized in that a plurality of oil cylinders are uniformly arranged on the outer side wall of the front variable-diameter stabilizer body along the radial direction, the top end of each oil cylinder is connected with a first rib in a contact mode, and the first ribs are movably connected with the outer side wall of the front variable-diameter stabilizer body.
The hydraulic nipple at least comprises a nipple shell, an oil cavity is arranged in the nipple shell, a balance piston is connected in the oil cavity, one end of the oil cavity is connected with a breathing cover plate, the other end of the oil cavity is connected with an electromagnetic valve fixed on a valve body frame, the valve body frame is fixedly connected on the inner side wall of the nipple shell, the opposite side of the electromagnetic valve and the oil cavity is connected with one end of a one-way valve, the other end of the one-way valve is connected with one end of a plunger pump, the other end of the plunger pump is connected with one end of a motor connected to a motor frame through a coupling, and the other end of the motor is connected with an electric wire plug through a control cable provided with a cross core; the motor frame is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the short section shell; an O-shaped sealing ring is arranged between the valve body frame and the short section shell; the one-way valve is connected with the oil pipeline.
The rear diameter-variable stabilizer at least comprises a rear diameter-variable stabilizer shell, a central tube is sleeved in the rear diameter-variable stabilizer shell, one end of the central tube is connected with a positive pressure ring, and the other end of the central tube is connected with a back cap through a return spring; the upper end of the piston is connected with a second wing rib in a contact way, and the second wing rib is movably connected with the outer side wall of the rear variable-diameter stabilizer shell; the outer side wall of the shell of the rear variable diameter stabilizer close to the reset spring is internally connected with a locking nipple, a second battery nipple and a second circuit nipple, and the locking nipple, the second battery nipple and the second circuit nipple are connected through a second electric pipeline arranged in the side wall of the shell of the rear variable diameter stabilizer; the outer side walls of the central tube, which are positioned on two sides of two ends of the locking pup joint, are respectively provided with a first annular groove and a second annular groove.
The shape of the groove formed on the outer side wall of the central tube, which is close to one end of the positive pressure ring, is matched with the shape of the lower end of the piston through the shape of the groove formed on the outer side wall; the pistons are uniformly connected with a plurality of pistons on the side wall of the rear variable-diameter stabilizer shell.
The back cap consists of a fixing cap and a locking cap, one end of the fixing cap is connected with one end of the reset spring, and the other end of the fixing cap is connected with the locking cap; the fixing cap and the locking cap are detachably connected to the inner side wall of the rear variable-diameter stabilizer shell.
The locking nipple is an energy storage type locking nipple; one end of the locking nipple is connected with a first lock tongue, the inner side of the first lock tongue is connected with one end of a first electromagnetic valve through a first oil pipeline, and the other end of the first electromagnetic valve is connected with one end of a first one-way valve; the other end of the first one-way valve is connected with one end of the oil tank through a first branch, the other end of the oil tank is connected with one end of a second one-way valve through a second branch, the other end of the second one-way valve is connected with one end of a second electromagnetic valve, and the other end of the second electromagnetic valve is connected with a second lock tongue through a second oil pipeline; two energy storage balance pistons connected in parallel are connected in the oil tank; the upper part of the oil tank is provided with a matrix electric plug which is connected with a first electromagnetic valve and a second electromagnetic valve, and the first lock tongue, the second lock tongue, the first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve, the first one-way valve, the second one-way valve and the energy storage balance piston are connected with matched grooves or holes on the inner side wall of the locking shell.
A guiding method of a two-dimensional guiding tool assembly for petroleum drilling comprises the following steps of
A guiding method of a two-dimensional guiding tool assembly for petroleum drilling comprises the following steps of
First, connecting a two-dimensional guiding tool assembly with a drill bit
Connecting the front end of the front variable-diameter stabilizer with the tail of the drill bit;
second step, drilling construction
Performing horizontal well construction drilling by using the drilling tool connected in the step one, and starting and stopping the pump according to a preset code;
third, judging the track of the well bore
When the sag of the well track needs to be reduced, entering a step four; when the borehole track needs stable sag, entering a step five; when the borehole track needs to be increased in sag, entering a step six;
fourth, construction for reducing sag of well track
Regularly and well-formulated coding four-switch pump stopping on the ground;
fifth step, construction of stable sagging of well track
The ground regularly starts and stops the pump with the pre-established code three times;
sixth, construction for increasing sag of well track
The ground regularly starts and stops the pump with the code which has been formulated in advance.
The said process
The code one is from rest, shaking for a minutes, rest for a minutes, vibrating for a min, standing for a min, vibrating for a min, and ending the standing;
the second code is that the vibration starts for a minute, the vibration starts for b minutes, and the vibration ends;
the third code is that the vibration starts for a minute from rest, the vibration starts for a minute, the vibration starts for b minutes, the vibration starts for a minute, and the vibration ends for a minute;
the fourth code is that the vibration starts from rest for b minutes, the vibration starts for a minute, and the vibration ends for a minute;
the outer diameter of the underground front-mounted variable-diameter stabilizer is increased when the ground is coded, and the outer diameter of the rear-mounted variable-diameter stabilizer is unchanged;
the outer diameter of the underground front-mounted variable-diameter stabilizer is reduced when the ground sends out the code II, and the outer diameter of the rear-mounted variable-diameter stabilizer is unchanged;
when the ground sends out the code III, the outer diameter of the underground front-mounted variable-diameter stabilizer is unchanged, and the outer diameter of the rear-mounted variable-diameter stabilizer is increased;
when the ground sends out codes four times, the outer diameter of the underground front-mounted variable-diameter stabilizer is unchanged, and the outer diameter of the rear-mounted variable-diameter stabilizer is reduced.
The beneficial effects are that: the invention is designed by the technical scheme of the screw and the front-mounted reducing stabilizer and the rear-mounted reducing stabilizer which are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the screw, and the outer diameter sizes of the front-mounted reducing stabilizer and the rear-mounted reducing stabilizer are adjusted by starting four preset codes, so that the purpose of changing the drilling sag is achieved. The invention improves the construction efficiency on the basis of reducing the cost, and can finish the construction of reducing the sagging of the well track, stabilizing the sagging and increasing the sagging by adopting the same drilling tool.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention, and in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood, it can be implemented according to the content of the specification, and the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a two-dimensional steering tool assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a front-end variable diameter stabilizer of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a hydraulic nipple of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the post-reducing stabilizer structure of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an energy storage locking sub of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a coding schematic of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a partial structural schematic of the present invention.
In the figure, 1-bit; 2-a front-end variable diameter stabilizer; 3-a screw; 4-a post-reducing stabilizer; 201-a front-end reducing stabilizer body; 202-an oil cylinder; 203-a first rib; 204-hydraulic pup joint; 205-a first battery nipple; 206-a first circuit nipple; 207-oil line; 208-a first electrical conduit; 20401-a sub housing; 20402-respiratory cover plate; 20403-balance piston; 20404-oil chamber; 20405-solenoid valve; 20406-valve body holder; 20407-O-ring seal; 20408-a one-way valve; 20409-plunger pump; 20410-coupling; 20411-motor; 20412-motor mount; 20413-control cable; 20414-wire plug; 401-post-reducing stabilizer housing; 402-a positive pressure ring; 403-a central tube; 404-a piston; 405-a second rib; 406-locking pup joint; 407-second battery nipple; 408-a second circuit nipple; 409-a return spring; 410-fixing the cap; 411-locking cap; 412-a second electrical conduit; 413-a first annular groove; 414-a second annular groove; 40601-locking housing; 40602 a-first latch; 40602B-second latch bolt; 40603 a-first solenoid valve; 40603B-second solenoid valve; 40604 a-first check valve; 40604B-second check valve; 40605 a-first oil line; 40605B-second oil line; 40606 a-first leg; 40606B-second leg; 40607-energy storage balance piston; 40608-matrix electrical plug; 40609-oil tank.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Embodiment one:
according to the two-dimensional guiding tool assembly for petroleum drilling shown in fig. 1-5, which comprises a screw 3, a front-end reducing stabilizer 2 connected with the lower end of the screw 3, and a front-end reducing stabilizer formed by changing the front-end reducing stabilizer
The outer diameter of the fixator 2 is used for adjusting the sag of a drilling well;
and the rear diameter-variable stabilizer 4 is connected with the upper end of the screw rod 3, and the borehole sagging of the well is regulated by changing the outer diameter of the rear diameter-variable stabilizer 4.
In actual use, the drill bit 1 is firstly arranged at the front end of the front-mounted variable-diameter stabilizer 2, then construction drilling of a horizontal well is carried out, and in construction, the outer diameters of the front-mounted variable-diameter stabilizer 2 and the rear-mounted variable-diameter stabilizer 4 can work according to a preset vibration code. When the horizontal well is constructed and drilled, according to three situations of reducing sagging, stabilizing sagging or increasing sagging required by the well track, corresponding parts of the front reducing stabilizer 2 and the rear reducing stabilizer 4 are correspondingly operated, and corresponding construction processes are completed.
The invention improves the construction efficiency on the basis of reducing the cost by designing the screw and the front-mounted reducing stabilizer and the rear-mounted reducing stabilizer which are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the screw, and can finish the construction of reducing the sagging, stabilizing the sagging and increasing the sagging of the well track by adopting the same drilling tool.
Embodiment two:
a two-dimensional steering tool assembly for oil drilling according to the embodiment shown in fig. 2 and 7 is different from the embodiment in that: the front variable diameter stabilizer 2 includes: the hydraulic stabilizer comprises a front variable-diameter stabilizer body 201, an oil cylinder 202, a hydraulic nipple 204, a first battery nipple 205, a first circuit nipple 206 oil pipeline 207 and a first electric pipeline 208; the oil cylinder 202 is connected to the outer side wall of the front-end variable-diameter stabilizer body 201, and is connected with one end of an oil pipeline 207 arranged in the side wall of the front-end variable-diameter stabilizer body 201, and the other end of the oil pipeline 207 is connected with a hydraulic nipple 204 connected to the outer side wall of the front-end variable-diameter stabilizer body 201; the first battery nipple 205 and the first circuit nipple 206 are both arranged on the outer side wall of the front diameter-changing stabilizer body 201, and the hydraulic nipple 204, the first battery nipple 205 and the first circuit nipple 206 are connected through a first electric pipeline 208 arranged in the side wall of the front diameter-changing stabilizer body 201.
Preferably, the outer side wall of the front variable diameter stabilizer body 201 is uniformly provided with a plurality of cylinders 202 along the radial direction, and the top end of each cylinder 202 is connected with a first rib 203, and the first rib 203 is movably connected with the outer side wall of the front variable diameter stabilizer body 201.
As shown in fig. 2, when the on-site drilling engineer adjusts the borehole trajectory according to the actual working condition, the ground sends out the signal of the outer diameter enlargement of the front variable diameter stabilizer 2 by starting and stopping the mud pump. The first circuit nipple 206 powered and operated by the first battery nipple 205 in the pit receives a signal and transmits the signal to the hydraulic nipple 204 through the first electric pipeline 208, the hydraulic nipple 204 starts to work, oil is supplied to the three oil cylinders 202 through the oil pipeline 207, the oil cylinders 202 lift up, the first ribs 203 are jacked up, and the outer diameter of the front variable-diameter stabilizer 2 is enlarged. The hydraulic nipple 204 is used for maintaining pressure, the oil cylinder 202 and the first rib 203 are kept in a working state, and the outer diameter of the front variable-diameter stabilizer 2 is always kept in a variable-diameter state.
As shown in fig. 2, when the on-site drilling engineer adjusts the borehole trajectory according to the actual working condition, the ground sends out a signal of reducing the outer diameter of the front-mounted reducing stabilizer 2 by starting and stopping the mud pump. The first circuit nipple 206 powered and operated by the first battery nipple 205 in the pit receives a signal and transmits the signal to the hydraulic nipple 204 through the first electric pipeline 208, the hydraulic nipple 204 starts to drain oil, oil in the oil cylinder 202 returns to the hydraulic nipple 204 through the oil pipeline 207, and the first wing rib 203 is retracted, so that the outer diameter of the front-end variable-diameter stabilizer 2 is reduced.
The number of the cylinders 202 can be set according to the actual requirements of construction.
Embodiment III:
two-dimensional guiding tool assembly for petroleum drilling according to the embodiment shown in fig. 3, and the second embodiment
The difference is that: the hydraulic nipple 204 at least comprises a nipple housing 20401, an oil cavity 20404 is arranged in the nipple housing 20401, a balance piston 20403 is connected in the oil cavity 20404, a breathing cover plate 20402 is connected to one end of the oil cavity 20404, an electromagnetic valve 20405 fixed on a valve body frame 20406 is connected to the other end of the oil cavity 20404, the valve body frame 20406 is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the nipple housing 20401, the opposite side of the electromagnetic valve 20405 and the oil cavity 20404 is connected with one end of a check valve 20408, the other end of the check valve 20408 is connected with one end of a plunger pump 20409, the other end of the plunger pump 20409 is connected with one end of a motor 20411 connected to a motor frame 20412 through a coupler 20410, and the other end of the motor 20411 is connected with a wire plug 20414 through a control cable 20413 provided with a cross core; the motor frame 20412 is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the short section shell 20401; an O-shaped sealing ring 20407 is arranged between the valve body frame 20406 and the short section shell 20401; a check valve 20408 is connected to the oil line 207.
In actual use, when the hydraulic nipple 204 receives an instruction to start oil supply, the electric wire plug 20414 obtains the first battery nipple 205 to supply power to the motor 20411 to start working, the motor 20411 transmits torque to the plunger pump 20409 through the coupling 20410, the plunger pump 20409 absorbs oil in the oil cavity 20404, and the oil supply flows into the oil pipeline 207 through the check valve 20408.
As shown in fig. 3, when the hydraulic nipple 204 receives a command to start discharging oil, the electric wire plug 20414 obtains the power of the battery nipple 205 to supply power to the electromagnetic valve 20405, the channel of the electromagnetic valve 20405 is opened, and the oil in the oil pipeline 207 flows back to the oil cavity 20404 through the electromagnetic valve 20405.
Through the technical scheme of the hydraulic nipple 204, the hydraulic nipple 204 can well complete the operation process.
Embodiment four:
according to the two-dimensional guiding tool assembly for petroleum drilling shown in fig. 4, the embodiment is as follows
The difference is that: the rear diameter-variable stabilizer 4 at least comprises a rear diameter-variable stabilizer shell 401, a central tube 403 is sleeved in the rear diameter-variable stabilizer shell 401, one end of the central tube 403 is connected with a positive pressure ring 402, and the other end of the central tube 403 is connected with a back cap through a return spring 409; the outer side wall of the rear variable-diameter stabilizer housing 401, which is close to one end of the center tube 403, is connected with the lower end of the piston 404 through a groove formed in the outer side wall of the rear variable-diameter stabilizer housing 401, the upper end of the piston 404 is in contact connection with a second rib 405, and the second rib 405 is movably connected with the outer side wall of the rear variable-diameter stabilizer housing 401; the outer side wall of the rear diameter-changing stabilizer shell 401 close to the reset spring 409 is internally connected with a locking nipple 406, a second battery nipple 407 and a second circuit nipple 408, and the locking nipple 406, the second battery nipple 407 and the second circuit nipple 408 are connected through a second electric pipeline 412 arranged in the side wall of the rear diameter-changing stabilizer shell 401; the outer side walls of the central tube 403, which are positioned on two sides of two ends of the locking pup joint 406, are respectively provided with a first annular groove 413 and a second annular groove 414.
Preferably, the shape of the groove formed on the outer side wall of the central tube 403 near one end of the positive pressure ring 402 is matched with the shape of the lower end of the piston 404; the pistons 404 are uniformly connected to a plurality of side walls of the rear variable diameter stabilizer housing 401.
Preferably, the locking nipple 406 is an energy storage locking nipple.
Preferably, the back cap is composed of a fixing cap 410 and a locking cap 411, one end of the fixing cap 410 is connected with one end of the return spring 409, and the other end of the fixing cap 410 is connected with the locking cap 411; the fixing cap 410 and the locking cap 411 are detachably coupled to the inner side wall of the rear variable diameter stabilizer housing 401.
When the on-site drilling engineer adjusts the track of the borehole according to the actual working condition, the ground sends out a signal of the external diameter enlargement of the rear-mounted diameter-variable stabilizer 2 by starting and stopping the slurry pump. The second circuit nipple 408 powered and operated by the second battery nipple 407 in the pit receives a signal and transmits the signal to the energy storage type locking nipple 406 through the second electric pipeline 412, and the energy storage type locking nipple 406 starts to work and the first lock tongue 40602A is pre-retracted. When the slurry pump is started, the high-pressure slurry flows through the inside of the diameter-variable stabilizer 4, the positive pressure ring 402 generates thrust through throttling action and transmits the thrust to the central pipe 403, the central pipe 403 moves downwards, the central pipe 403 contacts with the inclined surfaces of the three pistons 404, the pistons 404 extend out of the rear diameter-variable stabilizer housing 401, the second ribs 405 arranged on the rear diameter-variable stabilizer housing 401 are jacked up, and the outer diameter of the rear diameter-variable stabilizer 2 is enlarged. The return spring 409 is fixed to one end of the fixing cap 410 and the locking cap 411. Simultaneously with the movement of the central tube 403, the return spring 409 is compressed, starting to store energy. When the central tube 403 moves to the bottom dead center, the second lock tongue 40602B extending from the energy storage locking pup joint 406 is clamped in the second annular groove 414 on the central tube 403, the piston 404 and the second rib 405 are locked, and the rear variable diameter stabilizer 2 keeps the outer diameter-enlarged state.
As shown in fig. 4, when the on-site drilling engineer adjusts the borehole trajectory according to the actual working condition, the ground sends out a signal of reducing the outer diameter of the rear-mounted reducing stabilizer 2 by starting and stopping the mud pump. The second circuit nipple 408 powered and operated by the second battery nipple 407 in the pit receives a signal and transmits the signal to the energy storage type locking nipple 406 through the second electric pipeline 412, the energy storage type locking nipple 406 starts to work, and the second lock tongue 40602B is pre-retracted. The compressed return spring 409 begins to relax and the central tube 403 moves upward under the urging force of the return spring 409, and the second lock tongue 40602B disengages the second annular groove 414 on the central tube 403. The piston 404 and the second rib 405 are restored, and the outer diameter of the post-diameter-reducing stabilizer 2 becomes smaller. When the central tube 403 moves to the top dead center, the first lock tongue 40602a extending from the energy storage locking nipple 406 is locked in the first annular groove 413 of the central tube 403. The center tube 403, the piston 404 and the second rib 405 are locked, and the rear diameter-reducing stabilizer 2 preferably maintains a reduced outer diameter state.
In actual use, the number of pistons 404 may be set according to actual needs.
Fifth embodiment:
according to a two-dimensional steering tool assembly for petroleum drilling shown in fig. 5, the fourth embodiment is
The difference is that: one end of the locking nipple 406 is connected with a first lock tongue 40602A, the inner side of the first lock tongue 40602A is connected with one end of a first electromagnetic valve 40603A through a first oil pipe 40605A, and the other end of the first electromagnetic valve 40603A is connected with one end of a first one-way valve 40604A; the other end of the first check valve 40604a is connected with one end of the oil tank 40609 through a first branch 40606a, the other end of the oil tank 40609 is connected with one end of a second check valve 40604B through a second branch 40606B, the other end of the second check valve 40604B is connected with one end of a second electromagnetic valve 40603B, and the other end of the second electromagnetic valve 40603B is connected with a second lock tongue 40602B through a second oil line 40605B; two energy storage balance pistons 40607 connected in parallel are connected in the oil tank 40609; the upper part of the oil tank 40609 is provided with a matrix electric plug 40608, the matrix electric plug 40608 is connected with a first electromagnetic valve 40603A and a second electromagnetic valve 40603B in a line, and the first lock tongue 40602A, the second lock tongue 40602B, the first electromagnetic valve 40603A, the second electromagnetic valve 40603B, the first check valve 40604A, the second check valve 40604B and the energy storage balance piston 40607 are connected with grooves or holes matched with the inner side wall of the locking shell 40601.
In actual use, the two energy-storage balance pistons 40607 of the energy-storage locking nipple 406 are in a pressurized state, and the first check valve 40604a and the second check valve 40604B are unidirectional conduction from the oil tank 40609 to the first oil line 40605A and the second oil line 40605B. The first solenoid valve 40603a and the second solenoid valve 40603B are normally closed, and the first branch 40606a and the second branch 40606B are closed to prevent oil return. The first lock tongue 40602a and the second lock tongue 40602B are always in the outwardly pressed extended state.
When the energy storage locking nipple 406 needs to lock the bottom dead center of the central tube 403, current is transmitted to the first electromagnetic valve 40603a, the first electromagnetic valve 40603a works to conduct the branch 40606a for oil return, and the first lock tongue 40602A is free. The second electromagnetic valve 40603B is powered off and closed, the second branch 40606B is closed and cannot return oil, the oil tank 40609 supplies oil to the second lock tongue 40602B through the second one-way valve 40604B and the second oil line 40605B under the pressure of the balance piston 40607, and the second lock tongue 40602B stretches out under pressure.
When the energy storage locking nipple 406 needs to lock the top dead center of the central tube 403, current is transmitted to the second electromagnetic valve 40603B, the second electromagnetic valve 40603B works to conduct the second branch 40606B for oil return, and the second lock tongue 40602B is free. The first electromagnetic valve 40603a is powered off and closed, the first branch 40606a is closed and cannot return oil, the oil tank 40609 supplies oil to the first lock tongue 40602A through the first one-way valve 40604a and the first oil line 40605A under the pressure of the balance piston 40607, and the first lock tongue 40602A stretches out under pressure.
The invention well realizes the construction drilling of the horizontal well.
Example six:
a method of steering a two-dimensional steering tool assembly for oil drilling as shown in fig. 1 and 6, comprising the steps of
In a first step, a two-dimensional guiding tool assembly is connected to the drill bit 1
The front end of the front variable diameter stabilizer 2 is connected with the tail of the drill bit 1;
second step, drilling construction
Performing horizontal well construction drilling by using the drilling tool connected in the step one, and starting and stopping the pump according to a preset code;
third, judging the track of the well bore
When the sag of the well track needs to be reduced, entering a step four; when the borehole track needs stable sag, entering a step five; when the borehole track needs to be increased in sag, entering a step six;
fourth, construction for reducing sag of well track
Regularly and well-formulated coding four-switch pump stopping on the ground;
fifth step, construction of stable sagging of well track
The ground regularly starts and stops the pump with the pre-established code three times;
sixth, construction for increasing sag of well track
The ground regularly starts and stops the pump with the code which has been formulated in advance.
Preferably, it is
The code one is from rest, shaking for a minutes, rest for a minutes, vibrating for a min, standing for a min, vibrating for a min, and ending the standing;
the second code is that the vibration starts for a minute, the vibration starts for b minutes, and the vibration ends;
the third code is that the vibration starts for a minute from rest, the vibration starts for a minute, the vibration starts for b minutes, the vibration starts for a minute, and the vibration ends for a minute;
the fourth code is that the vibration starts from rest for b minutes, the vibration starts for a minute, and the vibration ends for a minute;
the outer diameter of the underground front-mounted variable-diameter stabilizer is increased when the ground is coded, and the outer diameter of the rear-mounted variable-diameter stabilizer is unchanged;
the outer diameter of the underground front-mounted variable-diameter stabilizer is reduced when the ground sends out the code II, and the outer diameter of the rear-mounted variable-diameter stabilizer is unchanged;
when the ground sends out the code III, the outer diameter of the underground front-mounted variable-diameter stabilizer is unchanged, and the outer diameter of the rear-mounted variable-diameter stabilizer is increased;
when the ground sends out codes four times, the outer diameter of the underground front-mounted variable-diameter stabilizer is unchanged, and the outer diameter of the rear-mounted variable-diameter stabilizer is reduced.
In practice, the two-dimensional guiding tool assembly is first connected with the drill bit 1, and the front is put in place
The front end of the variable diameter stabilizer 2 is connected with the tail of the drill bit 1; then, using the connected drilling tool to carry out horizontal well construction drilling, and starting and stopping the pump according to a preset code; when the sag of the well track needs to be reduced, the construction of reducing the sag of the well track, namely, four-cut pump stopping with preset codes is regularly carried out on the ground, the drilling tool detects periodic vibration underground, the first rib 203 of the front variable-diameter stabilizer 2 stretches out, and the outer diameter size is increased; the second rib 405 of the post-reducing stabilizer 4 is retracted and the outside diameter size becomes smaller; the whole drilling tool structure is adjusted to be a strong structure, and the pump is started again to drill, so that the angle of the well track is gradually increased, and the sagging degree is reduced. When the borehole track needs to be stable in sagging, the construction of the borehole track in sagging is carried out, namely, the ground regularly starts and stops the pump with the preset codes, the tool detects periodic vibration underground, the first rib 203 of the front variable-diameter stabilizer 2 stretches out, and the outer diameter size is increased; the second rib 405 of the post-reducing stabilizer 4 extends, and the outer diameter size becomes larger; the whole drilling tool structure is adjusted to be a stable inclined structure, and the pump is started again to drill, so that the track angle of the well hole is kept unchanged, and the sag is stabilized. When the borehole track needs to be increased in sagging, the borehole track is subjected to sagging increasing construction, namely, the ground regularly starts and stops the pump with a preset code, the tool detects periodic vibration underground, the first rib 203 of the front variable-diameter stabilizer 2 is retracted, and the outer diameter size is reduced; the second rib 405 of the post-reducing stabilizer 4 extends, and the outer diameter size becomes larger; the whole drilling tool structure is adjusted to be a falling inclined structure, and the pump is started again to drill, so that the track of the well bore gradually becomes smaller in angle, and the sagging degree is increased.
The first code in this example is to start with rest, vibrate for 1 minute, rest for 1 minute, vibrate for 1 minute, and end with rest. The circuit board recognizes that the code reacts to and outputs a corresponding electrical signal.
The second code in this embodiment starts at rest, vibrates for 1 minute, 1 minute at rest, 2 minutes at rest, and ends at rest. The circuit board recognizes that the code reacts to and outputs a corresponding electrical signal.
The third code in this embodiment starts at rest, vibrates for 1 minute, 1 minute at rest, 2 minutes at rest, 1 minute at vibration, and ends at rest. The circuit board recognizes that the code reacts to and outputs a corresponding electrical signal.
The fourth code in this embodiment starts at rest, vibrates for 2 minutes, 1 minute at rest, 1 minute at vibration, and ends at rest. The circuit board recognizes that the code reacts to and outputs a corresponding electrical signal.
In summary, the invention adopts the technical scheme design of the screw and the front-mounted variable diameter stabilizer and the rear-mounted variable diameter stabilizer arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the screw, and the purpose of changing drilling sagging is achieved by connecting the two-dimensional guiding tool assembly with a drill bit, drilling construction, borehole track judgment, borehole track sag reduction construction, borehole track stable sag construction and borehole track sag increase construction. The invention improves the construction efficiency on the basis of reducing the cost, and can finish the construction of reducing the sagging, stabilizing the sagging and increasing the sagging of the well track by adopting the same drilling tool.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
It should be noted that all the directional indicators in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement conditions, etc. between the components in a specific posture, and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicators are correspondingly changed.
Furthermore, the description of "first," "second," etc. in this disclosure is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature.
Under the condition of no conflict, the technical features related to the examples can be combined with each other according to actual situations by a person skilled in the art so as to achieve corresponding technical effects, and specific details of the combination situations are not described in detail herein.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein. Any simple modification, equivalent variation and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical substance of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A two-dimensional guiding tool assembly for petroleum drilling, characterized in that: comprising
The screw rod is provided with a screw rod,
the front diameter-variable stabilizer is connected with the lower end of the screw rod, and the drilling well sag is adjusted by changing the outer diameter of the front diameter-variable stabilizer;
the rear diameter-variable stabilizer is connected with the upper end of the screw rod, and the sagging of the drilling well hole is regulated by changing the outer diameter of the rear diameter-variable stabilizer;
the front-mounted reducing stabilizer comprises: the hydraulic stabilizer comprises a front variable-diameter stabilizer body, an oil cylinder, a hydraulic nipple, a first battery nipple, a first circuit nipple, an oil pipeline and a first electric pipeline; the oil cylinder is connected to the outer side wall of the front variable-diameter stabilizer body, and is connected with one end of an oil pipeline arranged in the side wall of the front variable-diameter stabilizer body, and the other end of the oil pipeline is connected with a hydraulic nipple connected to the outer side wall of the front variable-diameter stabilizer body; the hydraulic nipple, the first battery nipple and the first circuit nipple are connected through a first electric pipeline arranged in the side wall of the front diameter-variable stabilizer body;
the rear diameter-variable stabilizer at least comprises a rear diameter-variable stabilizer shell, a central tube is sleeved in the rear diameter-variable stabilizer shell, one end of the central tube is connected with a positive pressure ring, and the other end of the central tube is connected with a back cap through a return spring; the upper end of the piston is connected with a second wing rib in a contact way, and the second wing rib is movably connected with the outer side wall of the rear variable-diameter stabilizer shell; the outer side wall of the shell of the rear variable diameter stabilizer close to the reset spring is internally connected with a locking nipple, a second battery nipple and a second circuit nipple, and the locking nipple, the second battery nipple and the second circuit nipple are connected through a second electric pipeline arranged in the side wall of the shell of the rear variable diameter stabilizer; the outer side walls of the central tube, which are positioned on two sides of two ends of the locking pup joint, are respectively provided with a first annular groove and a second annular groove.
2. A two-dimensional steering tool assembly for oil drilling as defined in claim 1, wherein: the front variable-diameter stabilizer is characterized in that a plurality of oil cylinders are uniformly arranged on the outer side wall of the front variable-diameter stabilizer body along the radial direction, the top end of each oil cylinder is connected with a first rib in a contact mode, and the first ribs are movably connected with the outer side wall of the front variable-diameter stabilizer body.
3. A two-dimensional steering tool assembly for oil drilling as defined in claim 1, wherein: the hydraulic nipple at least comprises a nipple shell, an oil cavity is arranged in the nipple shell, a balance piston is connected in the oil cavity, one end of the oil cavity is connected with a breathing cover plate, the other end of the oil cavity is connected with an electromagnetic valve fixed on a valve body frame, the valve body frame is fixedly connected on the inner side wall of the nipple shell, the electromagnetic valve is connected with one end of a one-way valve on the opposite side of the oil cavity, the other end of the one-way valve is connected with one end of a plunger pump, the other end of the plunger pump is connected with one end of a motor connected to a motor frame through a coupling, and the other end of the motor is connected with an electric wire plug through a control cable; the motor frame is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the short section shell; an O-shaped sealing ring is arranged between the valve body frame and the short section shell; the one-way valve is connected with the oil pipeline.
4. A two-dimensional steering tool assembly for oil drilling as defined in claim 1, wherein: the shape of the groove formed on the outer side wall of the central tube, which is close to one end of the positive pressure ring, is matched with the shape of the lower end of the piston through the shape of the groove formed on the outer side wall; the pistons are uniformly connected with a plurality of pistons on the side wall of the rear variable-diameter stabilizer shell.
5. A two-dimensional steering tool assembly for oil drilling as defined in claim 1, wherein: the back cap consists of a fixing cap and a locking cap, one end of the fixing cap is connected with one end of the reset spring, and the other end of the fixing cap is connected with the locking cap; the fixing cap and the locking cap are detachably connected to the inner side wall of the rear variable-diameter stabilizer shell.
6. A two-dimensional steering tool assembly for oil drilling as defined in claim 1, wherein: the locking nipple is an energy storage type locking nipple; one end of the locking nipple is connected with a first lock tongue, the inner side of the first lock tongue is connected with one end of a first electromagnetic valve through a first oil pipeline, and the other end of the first electromagnetic valve is connected with one end of a first one-way valve; the other end of the first one-way valve is connected with one end of the oil tank through a first branch, the other end of the oil tank is connected with one end of a second one-way valve through a second branch, the other end of the second one-way valve is connected with one end of a second electromagnetic valve, and the other end of the second electromagnetic valve is connected with a second lock tongue through a second oil pipeline; two energy storage balance pistons connected in parallel are connected in the oil tank; the upper part of the oil tank is provided with a matrix electric plug which is connected with the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve through wires; the first lock tongue, the second lock tongue, the first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve, the first one-way valve, the second one-way valve and the energy storage balance piston are connected with matched grooves or holes on the inner side wall of the locking shell.
7. A method of steering a two-dimensional steering tool assembly for oil drilling according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, a two-dimensional guiding tool assembly is connected with a drill bit, and the front end of a front variable-diameter stabilizer is connected with the tail of the drill bit;
secondly, drilling construction, namely performing horizontal well construction drilling by using the drilling tool connected in the first step, and starting and stopping a pump according to a preset code;
thirdly, judging the well track, and entering a fourth step when the well track needs to be reduced in sagging; when the borehole track needs stable sag, entering a step five; when the borehole track needs to be increased in sag, entering a step six;
fourthly, regularly and well-track reduced sagging construction ground is subjected to four-turn pump stopping with preset codes;
fifthly, regularly coding three-start-stop pumps with preset codes on the construction ground with stable borehole track sag;
and sixthly, regularly coding the two start-stop pumps with preset codes on the construction ground with the borehole track increased in sagging.
8. A method of steering a two-dimensional steering tool assembly for oil drilling as defined in claim 7, wherein: the first code is that the code starts from rest, vibrates for a min, and the code starts from rest for a min, vibrating for a min, standing for a min, vibrating for a min, and ending the standing; the second code is that the vibration starts for a minute, the vibration starts for b minutes, and the vibration ends; the third code is that the vibration starts for a minute from rest, the vibration starts for a minute, the vibration starts for b minutes, the vibration starts for a minute, and the vibration ends for a minute; the fourth code is that the vibration starts from rest for b minutes, the vibration starts for a minute, and the vibration ends for a minute; the outer diameter of the underground front-mounted variable-diameter stabilizer is increased when the ground is coded, and the outer diameter of the rear-mounted variable-diameter stabilizer is unchanged; the outer diameter of the underground front-mounted variable-diameter stabilizer is reduced when the ground sends out the code II, and the outer diameter of the rear-mounted variable-diameter stabilizer is unchanged; when the ground sends out the code III, the outer diameter of the underground front-mounted variable-diameter stabilizer is unchanged, and the outer diameter of the rear-mounted variable-diameter stabilizer is increased; when the ground sends out codes four times, the outer diameter of the underground front-mounted variable-diameter stabilizer is unchanged, and the outer diameter of the rear-mounted variable-diameter stabilizer is reduced.
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| CN201811530477.5A CN109519124B (en) | 2018-12-14 | 2018-12-14 | Two-dimensional guiding tool assembly and guiding method for petroleum drilling |
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| CN201811530477.5A CN109519124B (en) | 2018-12-14 | 2018-12-14 | Two-dimensional guiding tool assembly and guiding method for petroleum drilling |
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| US6158533A (en) * | 1998-04-09 | 2000-12-12 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Adjustable gauge downhole drilling assembly |
| GB2355275A (en) * | 1999-10-08 | 2001-04-18 | Halliburton Energy Serv Inc | Adjustable gauge for downhole drilling assembly |
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| CN106609659A (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2017-05-03 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | Hydraulic expansion type remote-control variable-diameter stabilizer |
| CN209430114U (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-09-24 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司长庆钻井总公司 | A kind of oil drilling two-dimensional guide tool assembly |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US20150144401A1 (en) * | 2013-11-27 | 2015-05-28 | Smith International, Inc. | Hydraulically actuated tool with electrical throughbore |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6158533A (en) * | 1998-04-09 | 2000-12-12 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Adjustable gauge downhole drilling assembly |
| GB2355275A (en) * | 1999-10-08 | 2001-04-18 | Halliburton Energy Serv Inc | Adjustable gauge for downhole drilling assembly |
| CN106609659A (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2017-05-03 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | Hydraulic expansion type remote-control variable-diameter stabilizer |
| CN106368621A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-02-01 | 长江大学 | Multi-stage diameter variable stabilizer |
| CN209430114U (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-09-24 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司长庆钻井总公司 | A kind of oil drilling two-dimensional guide tool assembly |
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