CN109518690A

CN109518690A - Formula film pouch-type umbrella enlarged footing and its construction method are planted after pre- reaming

Info

Publication number: CN109518690A
Application number: CN201910027395.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘晓理
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-01-11
Filing date: 2019-01-11
Publication date: 2019-03-26
Anticipated expiration: 2039-01-11
Also published as: CN109518690B

Abstract

The invention discloses formula film pouch-type umbrella enlarged footing and its construction method are planted after pre- reaming, expand body device including umbrella, expand several dowels of body device across umbrella, it further include grout pipe II, the umbrella, which expands outside body device, is arranged film bag, the grout outlet of the grout pipe II is located within film bag, and it includes successively from front to back lacing wire disk that the umbrella, which expands inside body device, umbrella folding bar group, wears muscle disk.The present invention more many and diverse keeps man-machine consuming more for solving the work in hard paste layer inward turning hydro-peening hole；And in cranny development rock mass, mud flows back into umbrella enlarged footing internal influence grouting soil ingredient and intensity in crack；And umbrella enlarged footing technology is drilled with whirl spraying technique, reaming and synchronization carry the problem of umbrella enlarged footing bring construction efficiency reduces.

Description

Formula film pouch-type umbrella enlarged footing and its construction method are planted after pre- reaming

Technical field

Formula film pouch-type umbrella enlarged footing and its construction method are planted after the pre- reaming of the present invention, are related to geotechnical engineering field, specifically It is built applied to room, is traffic, railway, water conservancy and hydropower, people's air defense, underground engineering, the provisional pattern foundation pit supporting structure of every profession and trades such as national defence, permanent Property slope retaining, anti-float anchor rod anchor cable.

Background technique

Before the application, inventor studies and has been filed on the whirl spraying anchor of patent application taken umbrella certainly and expand body structural series Conventional friction type anchor is changed to hold and hold type anchor by bar anchor cable, has preferably solved conventional anchor anchor cable mechanical behavior not Rationally, bearing capacity is low, easy creep, durability are poor, construction send anchor difficulty in place etc. the problems such as.

But there are also situations to solve, such as gas blowby alters the serious shale layer of slurry between crack more develops, drills It is interior (as shown in Fig. 1), after rotary jet grouting or static pressure grouting have been completed in umbrella enlarged footing and has moved back brill, reaming section periphery Mud in rock cranny is multiple and flows back into umbrella enlarged footing, this causes the ingredient of grouting soil, intensity to receive shadow It rings, to affect the load-carrying properties of umbrella enlarged footing, non-deformability and durability；For another example in hard paste layer, adopt When with the product and its matching operation method for taking umbrella expansion body structural series certainly, pore-forming process efficiency is low, whirl spraying hole flushing work It is more many and diverse, so that man-machine consuming is more；And applicant in this case applied it is entitled " take certainly umbrella expand body structure whirl spraying The patent application (application number 2018106766169) of anchor cable or jet grouting anchor rod construction method " is mainly suitable for loose, soft , stratum that be easy undergauge or collapse hole, being suitble to self-drilling type whirl spraying (such as bury, underconsolidated soil, silt, loess, Extra-fine sand Deng), it is unfavorable for solving in hard paste layer and aforementioned problem faced in the shale layer of cranny development.

In addition, when umbrella enlarged footing technical application is in North China's anti-float anchor rod, when hole depth is relatively deep and sometimes undergauge or The hole that collapses is not serious, as carried umbrella compared to synchronous using Auger drilling or spiral-whirl spraying compound drilling in pore forming process The whirl spraying drilling construction efficiency of enlarged footing can be higher, and such stratum is higher than using the cost effectiveness of whirl spraying hole flushing and rotary jet grouting Film bag method slip casting, and synchronous self-carrying film pouch-type umbrella enlarged footing film bag in drilling process is used also to have certain abrasion, liquid Also cost is higher for pressure type parachute-opening mode, at this moment " takes whirl spraying anchor cable or the jet grouting anchor rod construction of umbrella expansion body structure certainly as still used Method " series technique is not then the highest settling mode of cost performance.

Summary of the invention

Formula film pouch-type umbrella enlarged footing and its construction method are planted after the pre- reaming of the present invention, it is intended to solve in hard paste layer Whirl spraying hole flushing work is more many and diverse to keep man-machine consuming more；And in cranny development rock mass, mud flows back into umbrella in crack Enlarged footing internal influence grouting soil ingredient and intensity；And umbrella enlarged footing technology is drilled with whirl spraying technique, reaming And synchronous the problem of carrying the reduction of umbrella enlarged footing bring construction efficiency.

The present invention is reached a solution of a problem by following technical proposals:

Formula film pouch-type umbrella enlarged footing is planted after pre- reaming, is expanded body device including umbrella, is expanded the several of body device across umbrella Root dowel further includes grout pipe II, and the umbrella, which expands outside body device, is arranged film bag, and the grout outlet of the grout pipe II is located at film bag Within, it includes successively from front to back lacing wire disk that the umbrella, which expands inside body device, umbrella folding bar group, wears muscle disk.

Before being with the direction of travel of drill bit when bore operation in the application, otherwise after being.Wherein dowel refers to anchor pole or anchor The main reinforcement material that external drawing load is transmitted and undertaken in Cable Structure, reinforcing bar or steel pipe including composition anchor pole etc. constitute anchor cable Steel strand wires or steel wire etc. and some other bundle fiber enhance compound tensile materials such as glass fibre anchor pole, carbon fiber Tie up anchor pole etc., and reinforcing bar can also be round steel etc. either regular screw threads reinforcing bar, is also possible to finish rolling deformed bar.

The purpose that film bag is arranged is that high concentration water's mud or special slurries to convey grout pipe II is limited in umbrella expansion Solidification in body device without the excessive of the cementing materials such as cement granules, while the surrounding medium outside film bag being kept apart make The grout cures that cannot be interfered in film bag.

For in the past in the market bellows anchor pole, for bellows anchor cable, the inside and outside cement induration of capsule together constitutes anchor The force structure of rope enlarged footing, if the material of capsule is bad (such as reverse osmosis anticorrosion cloth) with cement slurry bond properties, to expansion Head tension is very unfavorable, i.e. firm, durable, water proof capsule material, actually easier in inside and outside two layers of cement induration Between cause the plane of disruption of medium, this destroys cement slurry indurations as the complete of such enlarging anchor rod plain concrete compression-resistant structure Whole property, and the side friction for causing hole wall or the slurry solid outside by utricule to provide can not pass to the intracorporal slurry solid of capsule, from And frictional resistance is caused to lose, the reduction of anchor shaft anchor cable bearing capacity.For permanent anti-float anchor rod anchor cable, capsule selects water proof material Though the protection to dowel in utricule can be enhanced in material, the negative effect on structural bearing is also brought along simultaneously, and capsule is not Its force structure can all be covered, therefore the protection that the surfacecti proteon of actually each components itself, cement-grouting consolidation body play is made With even more important.Design theory basis of the invention is that type anchor pole rope is held at end, and the friction-type of this and bellows anchor pole rope anchoring section is set Meter is essentially different, and material selection is also far from each other.

The materials of film bag are very convenient, extensive in the present invention, and various science fabrics, plastic foil, ox-hide can be used Paper, non-woven fabrics, cotton, wool fabric, canvas, geotextiles, glass fabric, carbon cloth, metal web, other fiber reinforcements Composite material etc. flexible material can select the material with certain permeability or complete water proof according to formation condition and requirement of engineering Material, but since cement slurry under normal circumstances needs that excessive moisture is discharged to outside by film bag in the pre-hardening stage, after final set The maintenance stage film bag material that then needs external environment to keep the skin wet to slurry solid by film bag, therefore use for common stratum It is considered as cement granules being stopped to miss from inside to outside, but there is certain permeance property, such as cotton again for hydrone Cloth or geotextiles；Meanwhile film bag material with cement as can preferably bonding and merging external into the participation carrying of cement induration The material of load then more preferably, such as carbon fiber or steel fibre net；When needing the hydraulic connection inside and outside complete separation film bag (such as It is high permeable stratum or flowing groundwater environment outside film bag), various waterproof clothes, flexible rubber-plastic material or height also can be used in film bag Polymer material is preferred every the interior double-layer composite material for seeping property in addition, such as composite geo-membrane.

Further, the front end activity of the dowel passes through lacing wire disk, back end activity wears muscle disk；Before the dowel End is provided with load conversion device, and the load conversion device is contacted with lacing wire disk, for pulling force suffered by dowel to be transferred to drawing Muscle disk；The rear and front end of the film bag respectively with lacing wire disk, wear muscle disk and connect.

The effect of load conversion device is that the tension load for being born dowel transforms into entire umbrella by lacing wire disk The compressive load that enlarged footing reinforced concrete structure is born, and then compressive load is passed to by umbrella enlarged footing and is worn behind muscle disk Ground stratum undertake, there is enough intensity, rigidity on the ground stratum and in the case where thickness, utilize the anti-of ground stratum Pressure bearing capacity is far longer than the frictional force of the wall of a borehole, and umbrella enlarged footing is made to undertake the outer ability for drawing load considerably beyond friction-type Anchor shaft anchor cable.

To reinforced anchor bolt, load conversion device both can be tied up and be welded on dowel using materials such as reinforcing bar, steel loop, steel bushings； Screw-thread reinforcing steel bar connecting sleeve tube or special supporting body can also be used, is connected with thread between dowel；It can also use cold Steel bushing extruding is fixed on dowel as load conversion device by the mode of extruding.

To the anchor cable of steel strand manufacturing, load conversion device can both use extruded sleeve to be fixed on steel strand in a manner of cold extrusion On line, it can also be fixed on steel strand wires, can also be used special using routine anchorage used in anchor head outside aperture, fixture Small-sized anchorage, fixture.

Film bag and lacing wire disk, the connection for wearing muscle disk can also be adopted using the method for directly adding screw pressure rings fixed It is fixed, or is sealed after socket fixed etc. with the closing ins such as tied silk or drawstring or tension spring with after socket plus after screw pressure ring, or socket Method can set up anti-falling piece in guiding cap tail portion when socket, fall to prevent guiding cap in construction.Meanwhile film bag both can be by anchor Muscle front end and load conversion device are included, and dowel front end and load conversion device can not also be included.

Further, described to wear activity on muscle disk and be equipped with construction component, front end end is fixedly connected with lacing wire disk, structure The effect for making component is to wear the back-and-forth motion of muscle disk and providing sliding rail.

Component is constructed either solid strip, is also possible to hollow tubulose, tubular, steel can be used in material, than Such as reinforcing bar, steel pipe or fashioned iron, nylon, engineering plastics, aluminium, copper material, glass fibre, carbon fiber etc. material can also be used.

Construction component can both be separately provided, and can also merge setting with grout pipe II or grout pipe I.

Construction member front end is fixedly connected with lacing wire disk, using plug-type screw thread or can both be snapped connection, can also With using welding or bonding etc., construction component is fixedly connected with lacing wire disk again after can also advancing through lacing wire disk.

Expand the rear of lacing wire disk inside body device in umbrella, limiting device is arranged in the front of wearing muscle disk, wear muscle disk to advancing slip Limiting device can not be passed through when shifting.

Before cement slurry sets, the effect of limiting device is to make to slide somewhither preset position forward when wearing muscle disk It sets, such as when line hinged between stock and quarter butt and the crossover location of umbrella expansion body device central axes, by limiting device Stop, to cannot be further continued for sliding forward, this is necessary for have a down dip anchor hole and vertical anchor hole.Limiting device Both it can be set on construction component, and also can be set on grout pipe II or grout pipe I, also can be set on dowel, Variable diameter step also can be set as limiting device on construction component or grout pipe or dowel, lacing wire disk can also be installed in or worn On muscle disk；Limiting device can be blocky or strip, is also possible to shapes, the materials that limiting device uses such as cyclic annular or tubular and answers It is identical as the component of installed attachment or match.

Construction component is there are one important role, when limiting device is installed on construction component, originally by starching Construction component axial compression resistance is increased on the basis of solid is axially measuring body, that is, increases the compression strength that umbrella expands body device, from And enhance entire umbrella enlarged footing Bearing Capacity of Reinforced Concrete Structures.And dowel itself conduct ought be can use and wear muscle disk sliding rail When, and the lower situation of design bearing capacity of anchor pole rope, then it can not install construction component.

It should be noted that the generation and size due to ground hole wall frictional force are decided by normal stress and coefficient of friction, And the presence or absence of grouting method anchor pole its normal stress be it is very unstable, mud cake on the wall of borehole is difficult to dispel and causes coefficient of friction very weak Small, this makes the Compressive Bearing Capacity on ground stratum be far longer than the frictional resistance of the wall of a borehole, is based on and utilizes this rock-soil mechanics Rule, the present invention are in trans- taper in size and geometry, and the reinforced concrete structure of high rigidity, tension carrying are belonged in structure Power only calculates bottom bearing from the Compressive Bearing Capacity of the Rock And Soil supporting course at enlarged footing rear, the cement on the outside of film bag is solid Knot body is not belonging to the component part of enlarged footing compression-resistant structure, cement induration and the wall of a borehole Rock And Soil and reaming section hole wall ground The frictional resistance of body is simultaneously not involved in design Force Calculation, and the friction-type design of this and bellows anchorage cable anchoring section has area substantially Not.

When limiting device setting construct component on or grout pipe on when, limiting device can accordingly use reinforcing bar, steel ring, The materials such as nylon ring, engineering plastic materials and parts, PPR pipe, aluminium copper material, by welding or bonding or be threadedly coupled or buckle or clamp Etc. modes be connected to construction component on or grout pipe on；

Limiting device can also use metal or nonmetallic rigid strip or tubular material, be independently installed in lacing wire disk or Wear on muscle disk, with lacing wire disk or wear muscle disk welding bonding or be threadedly coupled or snap connection.

When limiting device is arranged on dowel, if dowel is reinforcing bar, limiting device can use metalwork, welding Or it bonds or is threadedly coupled or buckle or be clamped and connected on dowel；If dowel is steel strand wires, limiting device can be used The nonmetallic lantern ring of the materials such as rubber and plastic, which is arranged, to be fixed on steel strand wires, and extruding metal set can also be used, and cold extrusion is fixed on steel It on twisted wire, while limiting device and wearing and should install flexible partition between muscle disk, such as rubber and plastic ring, the thickness of flexible partition It should be more than the stretch value that umbrella enlarged footing section dowel under load is drawn outside the born maximum of dowel, to ensure the born pulling force of dowel The design aim that entire umbrella expansion body structure bears pressure is converted into be achieved.

Further, the front setting stopping device for also expanding the rear of lacing wire disk inside body device in umbrella, wearing muscle disk, wears Allow unidirectionally to pass through stopping device when muscle disk slides forward.When umbrella enlarged footing is anchored for upper uphole, in cement slurry sets Before, stopping device is used to prevent umbrella folding bar group after the reaming section intramedullary expansion of drilling is opened, and wears muscle disk in gravity Lower retrogressing causes umbrella folding bar group to be shunk.

Stopping device can be installed on construction component, can also be installed on grout pipe II or grout pipe I, can also be pacified It is located on dowel, the general elastic material or part for using non-return type, such as spring steel plate, spring add steel ball, elastoplastic group Part etc. is fixed on corresponding component in a manner of fluting drilling installation or welding or bonding etc..

When having used limiting device and stopping device simultaneously (such as bolthole inclination angle is 0 degree, needs front and back twin fixed guide-vane When wearing muscle disk), stopping device is located at the rear of limiting device, and the two will wear muscle disk and be clamped to centre.

Further, fixed device is provided on the dowel on rear side of lacing wire disk, the fixed device is contacted with lacing wire disk, But lacing wire disk can not be passed through.

The effect of fixed device is, after umbrella, which expands body device, to be put in place in the reaming section of drilling, prevents load from turning Changing device, which carries dowel under the effect of gravity and slips downwards, to be fallen to being detached from lacing wire disk.The material and construction party that fixed device uses Method is referring to load conversion device or limiting device.

Further, before the grout outlet of grout pipe I is located at other than film bag, and the grout outlet of grout pipe I is located at lacing wire disk Side.

Grout pipe I expands on body device in umbrella installs attachment position, either lacing wire disk, is also possible to wear muscle disk, It can also be guiding cap.It is hindered to constitute grout pipe I to the sliding for wearing muscle disk, grout pipe I may be selected from wearing muscle disk activity It passes through, or in lacing wire disk and wears between muscle disk using hose.Grout pipe I is used for the mud stone anchor pole rope of cranny development, and to soil Layer anchor pole rope had not used the case where cement injection in drilling, pre- reaming, hole flushing work progress, and effect is to other than film bag Reaming section space and the drilling of non-reaming section carry out grout filling or further improvement reinforce, or even including to dowel front end and Load conversion device is protected；To rotary jet grouting and being not concerned about crack mud contamination during front drilling and pre- reaming The case where grout pipe I can not be then installed.

Further, further include with the pipe ruler wearing muscle disk and be connected, the pipe ruler is towards wearing the extension of muscle disk rear direction, pipe ruler Inside, which has, to be used with the exhaust passage being connected to inside umbrella expansion body device as exhaust pipe, and pipe ruler surface has graduation mark conduct Graduated scale uses.

The front end of pipe ruler and the connection for wearing muscle disk, can be selected disassembly or non-dismountable, it is non-removable can using welding, The modes such as bonding, binding；The connection of detachable property can use screwed connection or snap connection, when pipe ruler uses rigid material Production is also detachably reclaimed for reusing after the completion of being in the milk and reading ruler work, and umbrella expands body device and beats in expansion External power-assisted can also be obtained when being provided with obstacle by rigid pipe ruler；Certainly, if do not considered to recycle, pipe ruler also be can be used Flexible material.

Further, the front end that umbrella expands body device is provided with guiding cap, and guiding cap is connect with lacing wire disk, before guiding cap Portion was provided with slurry hole.

To having used cement slurry during preexisting hole or pre- reaming, subsequent be no longer specially in the milk to film bag with the external space The slurry hole of crossing of situation, guiding cap front is played the role of into slurry, i.e., while placement umbrella expands body device and enters in reaming section, Cement slurry in reaming section by this cross slurry hole enter inside guiding cap, the front side of lacing wire disk, to turn to dowel front end and load Changing device is protected；And to during preexisting hole and pre- reaming and cement slurry be not used, subsequent needing through grout pipe I to film The case where bag external space is specially in the milk, this is crossed slurry hole and plays the role of pulp, that is, allows slurries on front side of lacing wire disk, guiding cap Inside is overflowed, and then reaming section space, non-reaming section space other than filling film bag is perfused.

The connection at guiding cap rear portion and lacing wire disk, can using weld, be threadedly coupled, snapping connection, being bolted, headgear Formula be flexibly connected etc. a variety of connection types, but simultaneously should there are the exhaust clearances or exhaust passage that lead to rear so as to lacing wire The reliable in quality sufficiently to make protection be in the milk is vented on front side of disk, inside guiding cap when grouting.

Further, the umbrella folding bar group is made of several folding rods, and each folding rod includes stock The front end of hinged quarter butt therewith, the stock is hinged by preceding hinge bar and lacing wire disk, after the rear end of the quarter butt passes through Hinge bar with to wear muscle disk hinged；All folding rods realize circumferential drawknot by several layers stirrup, between the folding rod and stirrup It is fixedly connected by locating piece.

The connection of preceding hinge bar and lacing wire disk can be used plug-in type and be threadedly coupled or snap connection or weld or bond, Connection or back can be drawn to draw the modes such as welding using bolt back；Consider from amechanical angle, and constructs from standardized construction, guarantee Quality point sets out, and is threadedly coupled is preferred as a plug.

Hinge bar and the connection for wearing muscle disk afterwards, can be used plug-in type and are threadedly coupled or snap connection or weld or bond, Connection or back can be drawn to draw the modes such as welding using bolt back；Consider from amechanical angle, and constructs from standardized construction, guarantee Quality point sets out, and is preferred with the connection of bolt back drawing type.

Stirrup both can individually connect into hoop to every layer of locating piece, can also all connect each layer locating piece to form spiral shell Rotation type hoop or netted hoop, stirrup can both use wirerope, high strength fibre rope or other flexible tensile materials, can also use The rigid materials such as W type folding rod or N-type folding rod, wherein W or N-type folding rod it is corresponding between stock, quarter butt using hinged or Slidingtype is hinged, can be by hinged or slidingtype hinge member as locating piece；The end of wirerope can be used rope card head and the tail and connect Or it is individually fixed, wirerope and folding rod intersection with the two sides of each folding rod simultaneously the fixed effect of installing rope card, Mechanical property is preferred.

Locating piece is installed on the stock and quarter butt of folding rod, for axially and transversely fixing for stirrup.Locating piece can To be located at the outside of stock, quarter butt, the inside of stock, quarter butt can also be located at, the mode of installing can be using welding, bonding, spiral shell Nail is fixed or other modes, shape can be O-shaped, U-shaped, L-type etc..

Lacing wire disk, wear muscle disk, umbrella folding bar and preceding hinge bar, rear hinge bar can select various gold according to the actual situation Belong to or novel fibre reinforced materials, the engineering plastics etc. such as nonmetallic materials or glass fibre, carbon fiber.

The construction method of formula film pouch-type umbrella enlarged footing is planted after pre- reaming, comprising the following steps:

(A) assembling installation: assembling umbrella expands body device, and dowel, grout pipe II, grout pipe I, pipe ruler are installed to umbrella Expand on body device；Wherein when rear hinge bar is with wearing muscle disk and connecting using back drawing type bolt mode, spring pad should be assembled under nut Circle.

(B) it drills；Progress is separated with umbrella work is sent；

Various stratum are treated, different efficient drilling modes should be pointedly used, can be drilled with common process, or with normal Advise technique and whirl spraying technique match-drill.

(C) pre- reaming: reaming section is formed；Progress is separated with umbrella work is sent；

Various stratum are treated, different efficient reaming modes should be pointedly used, specially apply reaming with various reamers, or Various reamers and whirl spraying technique cooperate reaming.

The area of auger is used to past habit, then can be expanded with Auger drilling pore-forming with the dedicated reamer of auger Hole or whirl spraying technique reaming；Or auger and the cooperation of whirl spraying technique are crept into, with whirl spraying technique reaming；Or the dedicated reaming of auger Device and whirl spraying technique cooperate reaming.

The severely-weathered sand-mudstone formation of completely decomposed-is treated, generally with DTH drilling or Auger drilling；

Middle weathering sand shale is treated, generally with DTH drilling；

Various stratum can also be crept into using coring, reamer or whirl spraying technique reaming or a combination of both reaming；It can be with It bored, expanded, clear integral type technique using water circulation.Meanwhile drilling, the chambering process of anti-float anchor rod rope and foundation pit or side slope anchor pole rope Also different from.

The work that pore-forming, pre- reaming process expand body device with subsequent implantation umbrella separates.

(D) brill is moved back: will be outside drilling, the drilling tool of reaming, spray tool exit aperture；

(E) hole flushing: cleaning means is put into reaming section, uses one of water, air, cement slurry or a variety of as medium Silt in reaming section and in the drilling of ground holding force interval, mudcake cleaning are portalled outer, is then log out cleaning means；

Although umbrella enlarged footing does not need the contribution of side friction, while outside umbrella enlarged footing it is desirable that bottom bearing Film bag grouting in film bag can also be made to avoid the interference of external mud, but at least drill in reaming section with ground holding force interval What interior silt particle agglomerate still had to clean up, and from the perspective of control deformation, after enlarged footing in reaming section The mudcake of side is still necessary to clean.

Past habit is cleaned with water pump input recirculated water, or is cleaned using compressed air, but facts have proved The two cleaning effect is poor；For cleaning effect, it is preferred with whirl spraying ablution；Specific cleaning method allows according to the actual situation It is selected.Having two-tube whirl spraying according to the structure of whirl spraying cleaning means, (compressed air is coaxially sprayed with water or cement slurry two media Penetrate), two kinds of single tube spinning-jet (water or cement slurry medium), be preferred with two-tube whirl spraying effect.

When carrying out the cleaning of reaming section using the method for whirl spraying jet stream, for having been adopted in pore-forming, reaming procedure before The case where with whirl spraying jet process, no longer can specially clean；It is using non-whirl spraying technological borehole and simple reamer as before Reaming should then exclusively carry out the cleaning of reaming section and the drilling of ground holding force interval.

Such as cement slurry is used to clean in the final stage of whirl spraying cleaning, really mud in hole is sufficiently set It changes, good reinforcement and strengthening effect can be also played to ground holding force interval.

(F) it send umbrella: mounted umbrella will be assembled and expand the whole feeding reaming of body device, dowel, grout pipe II, grout pipe I Section, pipe ruler are also synchronized to be carried along into drilling；

This step is process of casting anchor, and windlass tool or lifting machine can be sent to complete with drilling machine or rotary jetting apparatus or profession.

(G) it expands umbrella folding bar group: opening umbrella folding bar group in reaming section intramedullary expansion, umbrella folding bar group is by film bag It struts；

The method that umbrella folding bar group in the present invention is opened in expansion: it to anti-float anchor rod anchor cable, is hung when umbrella expands body device After entering in reaming section, generally, under the Gravitative Loads that umbrella expands body device and pipe ruler, umbrella folding bar group can be voluntarily Open, it may also be necessary to pushed down on by pipe ruler wear muscle disk make umbrella folding bar group open；To foundation pit or side slope anchor pole anchor Rope, can be pushed forward by pipe ruler wear muscle disk make umbrella folding bar group open；Can also wear muscle disk be counter-bored section collar extension or Pipe ruler opens umbrella folding bar group in a manner of manually pulling lacing wire disk outward in the case where stopping；It can also use and be in the milk Reset spring and rear supporting plate are installed on pipe or on pipe ruler or on construction component or on dowel, open umbrella folding bar group, and Solenoid-operated switch can be added to reset spring to control umbrella folding bar group hypertonic；It can also be beaten using hydraulic dilatation mode Parachute-opening shape folding rod group, for convenient, low cost angle of constructing, the first unfolding mode is more excellent.

(H) it is in the milk: static pressure grouting is carried out to the space in film bag by grout pipe II；Or grout pipe I is first passed through to film bag Reaming section in addition and the drilling of ground holding force interval carry out static pressure grouting, then by grout pipe II to the space within film bag into Row static pressure grouting.

It drills to front, used cement slurry jet stream in pre- reaming or cleaning process, and be not concerned about crack mud contamination The case where can then cancel the grouting of the outer grout pipe I of film bag, only carry out the grouting of grout pipe II in film bag.To front drilling, in advance In reaming or cleaning process and the case where cement slurry jet stream is not used, though or carried out whirl spraying cement slurry, but still worry outside film bag When cement slurry is by mud contamination, or when needing to further increase the outer grouting quality of film bag, other than first passing through grout pipe I to film bag Reaming section and ground holding force interval drilling carry out static pressure grouting, then by grout pipe II within film bag space carry out it is quiet Pressure grouting.

Wherein, ground holding force interval refers to and provides rock stratum or the soil layer of bottom bearing for umbrella enlarged footing, design bearing capacity is corresponding Ground requires the thickness of supporting course with intensity.

The difference of static pressure grouting and rotary jet grouting is: static pressure grouting is commonly called as grouting or mud jacking, generally uses rated pressure For the grouting pump within 10MPa, within the general 1MPa of the operating pressure of pump or several MPa, pulp bore are larger and to grout outlet There is no limit pulp shape is not in generally spurting, and in pulp, Grouting Pipe does not rotate for diameter, quantity.Rotary jet grouting generally uses Grouting pump of the rated pressure in 45MPa or more, the general 20MPa or more of the operating pressure of pump, pulp shape are in high velocity jet, out Slurry mouth needs to configure alloy nozzle and just adapts to, and nozzle quantity general 1-2, there is the requirement of specification to the pulp bore of nozzle, Generally 1.4-2.7mm, Grouting Pipe needs to rotate while slip casting.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

1, for existing self-carrying umbrella enlarged footing technology, gas blowby alters the serious rock of slurry between crack more develops, drills Slurry solid intensity the problem of being influenced by mud reflux in layer, and whirl spraying hole flushing in hard paste layer, replace work more Many and diverse to keep man-machine consuming more, cost effectiveness is higher, and the present invention proposes the mode that umbrella enlarged footing is combined with the grouting of film bag method, first It completes to change the hole flushing of reaming section and holding force interval, grouting and External Environment ground to be in the milk outside rotary jet grouting and film bag Good reinforcing, after in film bag be in the milk complete to umbrella expand body device grouting, realize umbrella enlarged footing under such formation condition Slip casting works high-quality and efficient, improves quality, also reduces cost.

2, for existing self-carrying umbrella enlarged footing technology in the area of certain conventionally employed Auger drillings, and hard In matter argillic horizon, it is better than using the efficiency of Auger drilling from the efficiency for taking umbrella expansion body device whirl spraying drilling, the present invention proposes Using preexisting hole, pre- reaming, the rear embodiment for being implanted into umbrella enlarged footing, realize umbrella enlarged footing technology on such stratum Under the conditions of drilling operating and integral construction high efficiency, improve benefit, reduce cost.

3, the present invention enhances the compression strength and overall stiffness of umbrella enlarged footing by construction measure and stirrup measure, with Meet the requirement of high-bearing capacity anchoring.Formula film pouch-type umbrella enlarged footing is planted after the pre- reaming of the present invention, by umbrella enlarged footing skill The above-mentioned supplement of art can widely realize that umbrella enlarged footing anchor structure exists together with self-carrying umbrella enlarged footing before High-bearing capacity, non-deformability in various stratum be strong, low cost, high performance-price ratio, the good result of high construction efficiency, and various regions are used Family can select self-carrying according to practical geological condition and area tradition or plant formula umbrella enlarged footing afterwards.Except land pebble rubble soil Other than layer, for various soil layers and soft rock strata, the anchor pole rope resistance to plucking no longer original straight-bar type of demand anchors not much, if any friction Power.

Detailed description of the invention

Attached drawing is used to provide further understanding of the present invention herein, is constituted part of this application, and is not constituted to this The restriction of inventive embodiments.In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is mud reflux operating condition and film bag grouting process schematic diagram under a certain geological condition；

Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of embodiment 1；

Fig. 3 is embodiment 2 without structural schematic diagram when constructing component；

Fig. 4 is 3 dowel of embodiment structural schematic diagram when being tubing；

Fig. 5 is 4 grout pipe II of embodiment structural schematic diagram figure when constructing outside cylinder；

Fig. 6 is 5 grout pipe II of embodiment structural schematic diagram when constructing in cylinder and side wears construction cylinder；

Fig. 7 be 6 grout pipe II of embodiment construct cylinder in and before wear lacing wire disk when structural schematic diagram；

Fig. 8 is 7 stirrup of embodiment using W type folding rod production schematic diagram；

Fig. 9 is 8 stirrup of embodiment using N-type folding rod production schematic diagram；

Figure 10 is to judge umbrella folding bar group expansion state schematic diagram using pipe ruler；

Figure 11 is the schematic diagram of three hinge statically determinate structures in the specific embodiment of the invention；

Figure 12 is the schematic diagram of the four non-statically determinate structures of hinge in existing technology.

Label and corresponding parts title in attached drawing:

1- guiding cap, 2- load conversion device, 3- lacing wire disk, 4- dowel, 5- construct component, 6- stock, 7- quarter butt, 8- film Bag, 9- stirrup, 10- locating piece, 11- grout pipe II, 12- grout pipe I, 13- multi-functional tube ruler, 14- limiting device, 15- retaining Device, the gas outlet 16-, 17- wear muscle disk, 18- grout outlet, hinge bar before 19-, the fixed device of 20-, hinge bar after 21-, 22- mistake Hole, 23- exhaust clearance are starched, 24-, which is returned, starches hole, 25- anti-falling piece, 26- holding force interval, 27- reaming section, 28- rock fracture, and 29- is anti- Water board bottom face.

Specific embodiment

To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, below with reference to embodiment and attached drawing, to this Invention is described in further detail, and exemplary embodiment of the invention and its explanation for explaining only the invention, are not made For limitation of the invention.

Embodiment 1:

As plant formula film pouch-type umbrella enlarged footing after Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, pre- reaming shown in Fig. 10, including umbrella expand body device, wear Cross several dowels 4 that umbrella expands body device, which is characterized in that further include grout pipe II 11, the umbrella expands body device housing If film bag 8, the grout outlet of the grout pipe II 11 is located within film bag 8, inside the umbrella expansion body device from front to back successively Including lacing wire disk 3, umbrella folding bar group, wear muscle disk 17.

The front end activity of the dowel 4 passes through lacing wire disk 3, back end activity wears muscle disk 17；The front end of the dowel 4 is set It is equipped with load conversion device 2, the load conversion device 2 is contacted with lacing wire disk 3, for pulling force suffered by dowel 4 to be transferred to drawing Muscle disk 3；The rear and front end of the film bag 8 respectively with lacing wire disk 3, wear muscle disk 17 and connect.

It is described to wear activity on muscle disk 17 and be equipped with construction component 5, it constructs the front end end of component 5 and lacing wire disk 3 is fixed connects It connects, construction component 5 is used to wear the back-and-forth motion of muscle disk 17 and provide sliding rail.

In the front setting limiting device 14 that umbrella expands the rear of lacing wire disk 3 inside body device, wears muscle disk 17, muscle disk 17 is worn Limiting device 14 can not be passed through when sliding forward.

Umbrella expand body device in lacing wire disk 3 rear, wear muscle disk 17 front be arranged stopping device 15, wear muscle disk 17 to Allow unidirectionally to pass through stopping device 15 when preceding sliding.

It is provided with fixed device 20 on the dowel 4 of 3 rear side of lacing wire disk, the fixed device 20 is contacted with lacing wire disk 3, but Lacing wire disk 3 can not be passed through.

It further include grout pipe I 12, the grout pipe I 12 passes through umbrella and expands body device, and the grout outlet of grout pipe I 12 is located at film Other than bag 8, and the grout outlet of grout pipe I 12 is located at the front side of lacing wire disk 3.

The pipe ruler 13 for further including and wearing muscle disk 17 and being connected, the pipe ruler 13 extend towards 17 rear direction of muscle disk is worn, pipe ruler 13 inside, which have, expands the exhaust passage being connected to inside body device with umbrella, and 13 surface of pipe ruler has graduation mark.

The front end that umbrella expands body device is provided with guiding cap 1, and guiding cap 1 is connect with lacing wire disk 3, and the front of guiding cap 1 is set It was equipped with slurry hole 22.

The umbrella folding bar group is made of several folding rods, and each folding rod includes stock 6 and cut with scissors therewith The front end of the quarter butt 7 connect in succession, the stock 6 is hinged with lacing wire disk 3 by preceding hinge bar 19, and the rear end of the quarter butt 7 passes through Hinge bar 21 and to wear muscle disk 17 hinged afterwards；All folding rods realize circumferential drawknot, the folding rod and hoop by several layers stirrup 9 It is fixedly connected between muscle 9 by locating piece 10.

Preferably, the purpose that grout pipe II is arranged in the present embodiment is to carry out static pressure grouting to the space within film bag, is filled The grout outlet of slurry pipe II can both be provided with the front side for tensing muscle disk, need to be arranged on lacing wire disk simultaneously at this time and return slurry hole 24, As shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 7；It can also be provided with the rear side of lacing wire disk, as shown in Figure 5, Figure 6.

Preferably, grout pipe II expands on body device in umbrella installs attachment position, either lacing wire disk, is also possible to Muscle disk is worn, cylindrical arrangement pipe is may also pass through and enters in umbrella expansion body device and be attached on cylindrical arrangement pipe, as shown in Figure 6. The grout outlet of grout pipe II is preferably set on rear side of lacing wire disk, umbrella expands the front of body device.To make grout pipe II not to wearing muscle disk Sliding constitute and hinder, grout pipe II may be selected from wearing that muscle disk activity passes through or cylindrical arrangement pipe is worn in side, or lacing wire disk with wear Hose is used between muscle disk.

Preferably, the present embodiment global shape is in trans- taper, and the reinforced concrete structure of high rigidity is belonged in structure, Tensile bearing capacity only calculates bottom bearing, film bag outside from the Compressive Bearing Capacity of the Rock And Soil supporting course at enlarged footing rear Cement induration be not belonging to the component part of enlarged footing compression-resistant structure, be also not involved in design Force Calculation, this and bellows anchor cable The friction-type design of anchoring section has the difference of essence, and material selection is also far from each other.

Preferably, film bag and lacing wire disk, the connection for wearing muscle disk, can use the method for directly adding screw pressure rings fixed, As shown in Fig. 2, can also be fixed using after socket plus after screw pressure ring, or socket with the closing ins such as tied silk or drawstring or tension spring, or It seals fixed etc. after socket, anti-falling piece can be set up in guiding cap tail portion when socket, fallen to prevent guiding cap in construction, such as Fig. 4, figure Shown in 7.Meanwhile dowel front end and load conversion device can be both included by film bag, it, can also not as shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 7 Dowel front end and load conversion device are included, as shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 5, Fig. 6.

Preferably, the method that pipe ruler is used as graduated scale is as shown in Figure 10: expanding body device assembling in umbrella and is installed Afterwards, it measures and records and wears the stroke that muscle disk slides forward when umbrella folding bar group is setting expansion state from rounding state variation C reads corresponding scale value A at the top of dowel before casting anchor, and after cast anchor completion and umbrella folding bar group expansion opening, reads Corresponding scale value B at the top of dowel is taken, as B-A=C, it can be learnt that wearing muscle disk has been slid onto predetermined location, umbrella Expansion body device is stretched to be opened to preset state.

Preferably, the connection at guiding cap rear portion and lacing wire disk, can using weld, be threadedly coupled, snapping connection, bolt company It connects, a variety of connection types such as pullover type is flexibly connected, as shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 7, but simultaneously should there are the exhaust clearances for leading to rear Or exhaust passage, so as to the reliable in quality being vented when grouting on front side of lacing wire disk, inside guiding cap sufficiently to make protection be in the milk (except the closed Inner bolt head when present invention is applied to Recyclable anchor rope).

The geometry of the present embodiment is in trans- taper, and the reinforced concrete structure of high rigidity, tension are belonged in structure Bearing capacity only calculates the Compressive Bearing Capacity i.e. bottom bearing of the Rock And Soil supporting course from enlarged footing rear, the cement on the outside of film bag Induration is not belonging to the component part of enlarged footing compression-resistant structure, cement induration and the wall of a borehole Rock And Soil and reaming section hole wall rock The frictional resistance of the soil body is simultaneously not involved in design Force Calculation, this has the area of essence with the friction-type design of bellows anchorage cable anchoring section Not.

Also, in the case where not considering that concrete participates in measuring body situation, when lacing wire disk passes through limit by being fixedly connected, wearing muscle disk Position device constitutes build-in constraint to construction bar both ends, while wearing muscle disk and constituting hinged constraint to quarter butt, and lacing wire disk constitutes stock Hinged constraint, this actually makes stock, quarter butt, construction bar three constitute a steel construction, and for structural mechanics, this is one A three hinge statically determinate structures that can individually undertake load, as shown in figure 11, in the strength range of three, by external force, (this is Rock And Soil counter-force P) after will not deform, this is the trans- taper umbrella enlarged footing of the present embodiment in reinforcing bar cage concrete enlarged footing On the basis of can also continue to lift up the mechanical foundation of bearing capacity.

And shown in Figure 12 it is the four hinged structures that three hinge bars are constituted in existing technology, it is non-static determinacy, as long as having light Micro- external force will rotate, topple over, which is the mechanics that can not construct umbrella enlarged footing bearing capacity calculation Basis, that is to say, that the structure only has the compression strength of plain concrete after being in the milk, and bearing capacity has compared with the present invention Very big gap.

Therefore, in terms of above reinforced concrete structure and steel construction two, the mechanical property of the present embodiment is all more existing Technology, which has, to be obviously improved.

The concrete construction method of the present embodiment are as follows:

(A) assembling installation: assembling umbrella expands body device, and dowel 4, grout pipe II 11, grout pipe I 12, pipe ruler 13 are pacified Umbrella is attached to expand on body device；

(B) it drills；Progress is separated with umbrella work is sent；

(F) it send umbrella: mounted umbrella will be assembled and expand the whole feeding of body device, dowel 4, grout pipe II 11, grout pipe I 12 Reaming section, pipe ruler 13 are also synchronized to be carried along into drilling；

(G) it expands umbrella folding bar group: opening umbrella folding bar group in reaming section intramedullary expansion, umbrella folding bar group is by film bag 8 strut；

(H) it is in the milk: static pressure grouting is carried out by the space in II 11 pairs of film bags 8 of grout pipe；Or first pass through I 12 pairs of grout pipe Reaming section and the drilling of ground holding force interval other than film bag 8 carry out static pressure grouting, then by within II 11 pairs of film bags 8 of grout pipe Space carry out static pressure grouting.

Wherein for step (E), past habit is cleaned with water pump input recirculated water, or is carried out using compressed air Cleaning, but facts have proved that the two cleaning effect is poor；For cleaning effect, it is preferred with whirl spraying ablution；Specific cleaning method Allow to be selected according to the actual situation.There are two-tube whirl spraying (compressed air and water or cement slurry according to whirl spraying cleaning means structure Two media coaxially sprays), two kinds of single tube spinning-jet (water or cement slurry medium), be preferred with two-tube whirl spraying effect.When using whirl spraying When the method for jet stream carries out the cleaning of reaming section, for the feelings of whirl spraying jet process have been used in pore-forming, reaming procedure before Condition no longer can be cleaned specially；It is that expansion should then be exclusively carried out using non-whirl spraying technological borehole and simple reamer reaming as before The cleaning of hole section and the drilling of ground holding force interval.Such as cement slurry is used to clean in the final stage of whirl spraying cleaning, really Mud in hole is sufficiently displaced from, good reinforcement and strengthening effect can be also played to ground holding force interval.

Specifically, certain basement engineering geology condition as shown in Figure 1, the single anchor characteristic load bearing capacity for designing anti-float anchor rod are 100t (1000kN), be not yet included in cover boulder bed, layer of sand covers pressure in the case where, when umbrella enlarged footing bore is in 450mm, The minimum of the completely decomposed as umbrella enlarged footing holding force interval-intense weathering munstone layer (or plastic-hard plastic clay layer) is calculated Thickness only needs 7.1m, and when umbrella enlarged footing holding force interval is weathered mudstone layer, minimum thickness only needs 2.7m, and in the market Existing technology compares, the reliability of anchor pole and durability regardless of, only needed for the drilling of diameter, counterbore depth for, Friction rock bolt is 5~10 times of the present embodiment, and bellows anchor pole is 2~3 times of the present embodiment, this embodies the present invention in engineering It is technical to be obviously improved.

Embodiment 2:

As shown in figure 3, the present embodiment uses the steel reinforcement cage concrete structure without construction component, it is suitble to design bearing capacity lower The case where.

Embodiment 3:

As shown in figure 4, dowel is made using tubing in the present embodiment, such as steel pipe, fiberglass pipe, carbon fiber pipe Deng.

Embodiment 4:

As shown in figure 5, the setting of grout pipe II is outside construction cylinder in the present embodiment.

Embodiment 5:

As shown in fig. 6, grout pipe II is in construction cylinder in the present embodiment and construction cylinder is worn in side.

Embodiment 6:

As shown in fig. 7, wearing lacing wire disk before grout pipe II is in construction cylinder simultaneously in the present embodiment.

Embodiment 7:

As shown in figure 8, stirrup is made of W type folding rod in the present embodiment, and when umbrella folding bar group is opened, arrow in Fig. 8 Head indicates the hinged direction of motion of stirrup.

Embodiment 8:

As shown in figure 9, stirrup is made of N-type folding rod in the present embodiment, and when umbrella folding bar group is opened, arrow in Fig. 9 Head indicates the hinged direction of motion of stirrup.

Above-described specific embodiment has carried out further the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effects It is described in detail, it should be understood that being not intended to limit the present invention the foregoing is merely a specific embodiment of the invention Protection scope, all within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done should all include Within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. planting formula film pouch-type umbrella enlarged footing after pre- reaming, expands body device including umbrella, expands several of body device across umbrella Dowel (4), which is characterized in that further include grout pipe II (11), the umbrella, which expands outside body device, is arranged film bag (8), the grouting The grout outlet of pipe II (11) is located within film bag (8), and it successively includes lacing wire disk inside body device that the umbrella expands from front to back (3), umbrella folding bar group, wear muscle disk (17).

2. planting formula film pouch-type umbrella enlarged footing after pre- reaming according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the dowel (4) Front end activity pass through lacing wire disk (3), back end activity and wear muscle disk (17)；The front end of the dowel (4) is provided with load and turns Changing device (2), the load conversion device (2) contact with lacing wire disk (3), for pulling force suffered by dowel (4) to be transferred to lacing wire Disk (3)；The rear and front end of the film bag (8) respectively with lacing wire disk (3), wear muscle disk (17) and connect.

3. planting formula film pouch-type umbrella enlarged footing after pre- reaming according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described to wear muscle disk (17) activity is equipped with construction component (5) on, and the front end end of construction component (5) is fixedly connected with lacing wire disk (3), constructs component (5) for providing sliding rail to wear muscle disk (17) back-and-forth motion.

4. planting formula film pouch-type umbrella enlarged footing after pre- reaming according to claim 2, which is characterized in that expand body dress in umbrella Set the rear of internal lacing wire disk (3), wear muscle disk (17) front setting limiting device (14), wear when muscle disk (17) slides forward without Method passes through limiting device (14).

5. planting formula film pouch-type umbrella enlarged footing after pre- reaming according to claim 2, which is characterized in that expand body dress in umbrella Front setting stopping device (15) set the rear of interior lacing wire disk (3), wear muscle disk (17), wearing when muscle disk (17) slides forward allows Unidirectionally pass through stopping device (15).

6. planting formula film pouch-type umbrella enlarged footing after pre- reaming according to claim 2, which is characterized in that in lacing wire disk (3) It is provided with fixed device (20) on the dowel (4) of rear side, the fixed device (20) contacts with lacing wire disk (3), but can not pass through Lacing wire disk (3).

7. planting formula film pouch-type umbrella enlarged footing after pre- reaming according to claim 2, which is characterized in that further include grout pipe I (12), the grout pipe I (12) pass through umbrella and expand body device, and the grout outlet of grout pipe I (12) is located at other than film bag (8), and fills The grout outlet of slurry pipe I (12) is located at the front side of lacing wire disk (3).

8. planting formula film pouch-type umbrella enlarged footing after pre- reaming according to claim 2, which is characterized in that further include and wear muscle The connected pipe ruler (13) of disk (17), the pipe ruler (13) have inside pipe ruler (13) towards the extension of muscle disk (17) rear direction is worn Expand the exhaust passage being connected to inside body device with umbrella, pipe ruler (13) surface has graduation mark.

9. planting formula film pouch-type umbrella enlarged footing after pre- reaming according to claim 2, which is characterized in that umbrella expands body device Front end be provided with guiding cap (1), guiding cap (1) is connect with lacing wire disk (3), and the front of guiding cap (1) was provided with slurry hole (22)。

10. planting formula film pouch-type umbrella enlarged footing after pre- reaming according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the umbrella folding Folded bar group is made of several folding rods, and each folding rod includes stock (6) and the quarter butt (7) being articulated and connected therewith, Hingedly by preceding hinge bar (19) and lacing wire disk (3), the rear end of the quarter butt (7) passes through rear hinged for the front end of the stock (6) Bar (21) and to wear muscle disk (17) hinged；All folding rods realize circumferential drawknot, the folding rod and hoop by several layers stirrup (9) It is fixedly connected between muscle (9) by locating piece (10).

11. based on the construction method for planting formula film pouch-type umbrella enlarged footing after pre- reaming described in any one of claims 1 to 10, It is characterized in that, comprising the following steps:

(A) assembling installation: assembling umbrella expands body device, and by dowel (4), grout pipe II (11), grout pipe I (12), pipe ruler (13) umbrella is installed to expand on body device；

(B) it drills；Progress is separated with umbrella work is sent；

(E) hole flushing: cleaning means is put into reaming section, use one of water, air, cement slurry or it is a variety of as medium will expand Silt, mudcake cleaning in hole section and in the drilling of ground holding force interval are then log out cleaning means outside portalling；

(F) it send umbrella: mounted umbrella expansion body device, dowel (4), grout pipe II (11), grout pipe I (12) will be assembled and integrally sent Enter reaming section, pipe ruler (13) is also synchronized to be carried along into drilling；

(G) it expands umbrella folding bar group: opening umbrella folding bar group in reaming section intramedullary expansion, umbrella folding bar group is by film bag (8) It struts；

(H) it is in the milk: static pressure grouting is carried out to the space in film bag (8) by grout pipe II (11)；Or first pass through grout pipe I (12) To the reaming section and ground holding force interval drilling progress static pressure grouting other than film bag (8), then by grout pipe II (11) to film Space within bag (8) carries out static pressure grouting.