CN109517229B - Low-temperature low-pressure vulcanized rubber lining composition and application method thereof - Google Patents
Low-temperature low-pressure vulcanized rubber lining composition and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L7/00—Compositions of natural rubber
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- C09J5/00—Adhesive processes in general; Adhesive processes not provided for elsewhere, e.g. relating to primers
- C09J5/04—Adhesive processes in general; Adhesive processes not provided for elsewhere, e.g. relating to primers involving separate application of adhesive ingredients to the different surfaces to be joined
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of materials, and particularly relates to the field of rubber high polymer materials. The invention discloses a low-temperature low-pressure vulcanized rubber lining composition and an application method thereof, wherein the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of natural rubber, 20-45 parts of sulfur, 1-20 parts of styrene butadiene rubber, 1-20 parts of high styrene, 3-10 parts of low-pressure vulcanized master batch particles, 5-10 parts of pre-dispersed zinc oxide master batch particles, 10-30 parts of flake graphite, 10-30 parts of filler and 2.5-5.0 parts of pre-dispersed accelerator master batch particles. The rubber of the low-temperature low-pressure vulcanized rubber lining composition can be vulcanized under the low-temperature low-pressure vulcanization condition, so that the vulcanization problems of oversized non-pressure-resistant equipment and oversized pressure-resistant non-tank equipment are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of materials, particularly relates to the field of rubber high polymer materials, and particularly relates to a low-temperature low-pressure vulcanized rubber lining composition and an application method thereof.
Background
The current vulcanization mode of the hard rubber lining is mainly as follows:
(1) vulcanizing in a vulcanizing tank, wherein most of vulcanizing conditions are as follows: the temperature is 130-143 ℃, and the pressure is 0.3-0.6 MPa. Is only suitable for medium and small-sized equipment which can enter a vulcanizing tank.
(2) Hot water vulcanization, at 95-100 ℃, at least 1 meter of water pressure, and only a few domestic rubber linings can be subjected to hot water vulcanization. The vulcanization mode has great water resource waste.
(3) The pre-vulcanization is to pre-vulcanize the rubber plate on a vulcanizing tank or a flat vulcanizing machine, a drum vulcanizing machine and other equipment, and then to adhere the rubber plate to equipment needing rubber lining. This method is suitable for butyl rubber, neoprene, natural rubber (compositions with a low sulfur content) and not for hard natural rubber (compositions with a high cure content, for example, greater than 20 parts sulfur), because the hard natural rubber is very hard after pre-curing, has no plasticity, can only be adhered to a flat plate, and cannot be adhered to a non-planar part.
(4) And (3) vulcanizing the body, namely sealing the equipment by using a sealing cover head, and then introducing compressed air and saturated steam into the equipment for vulcanization. The existing vulcanization process mainly comprises the following steps: temperature 130-143 ℃, pressure: 0.2-0.32 MPa, which is only suitable for pressure-resistant equipment and is not suitable for non-pressure-resistant equipment.
The following are specifically mentioned: although the equipment can withstand pressure, the cover plate for sealing must withstand pressure and have enough rigidity, does not deform under the pressure and temperature during vulcanization, can be locked by bolts and the like, ensures that the equipment is well sealed and does not leak air, and otherwise, is difficult to ensure the vulcanization quality. For example, nuclear power condenser water chambers having a width in excess of 5.5m, can only be mass-vulcanized because of their large size. When in vulcanization, 2 large-size round sealing cover plates with reinforcing ribs and 1 large-size square sealing cover plate with reinforcing ribs are required to seal the equipment and be locked by large bolts. The test shows that: the sealing cover plate with the reinforcing ribs, which is made of a steel plate with the thickness of 25mm, is used for sealing the equipment, and when the pressure reaches 0.11MPa and the temperature is 121 ℃, the sealing cover plate is obviously deformed and has steam leakage, and vulcanization is difficult to normally carry out. And the locking bolt also has a loosening phenomenon, so that the lower pressure for vulcanization is required.
At present, a few manufacturers research the normal-pressure vulcanization lining material, and the vulcanization conditions are as follows: 0.1MPa, about 120 ℃. The application condition is that the process lines rubber in cold winter or lines rubber under the condition of high humidity, and the risk of micropores and bubbles during vulcanization is high, because when the rubber reaches a certain vulcanization degree, water vapor and solvent which are not volatilized from the rubber lining expand after being heated, and micropores and bubbles can be generated, so that the compactness of the rubber lining is poor, the bonding strength is poor, and the corrosion resistance is reduced. The present invention has been made to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the natural hard rubber lining material, the vulcanization process and the patent technology in the prior art are not suitable for application of ultra-large-size non-pressure-resistant equipment and ultra-large-size pressure-resistant non-tank equipment, and provides a low-temperature low-pressure vulcanized rubber lining composition and an application method thereof.
In order to solve the above technical problem, a technical solution of a first aspect of the present invention is: the low-temperature low-pressure vulcanized rubber lining composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of natural rubber, 20-45 parts of sulfur, 1-20 parts of styrene butadiene rubber, 1-20 parts of high styrene, 3-10 parts of low-pressure vulcanized master batch particles, 5-10 parts of pre-dispersed zinc oxide master batch particles, 10-30 parts of flake graphite, 10-30 parts of filler and 2.5-5.0 parts of pre-dispersed accelerator master batch particles.
In the preferred technical scheme of the invention, the high styrene is high styrene rubber with the styrene content of 60-80%.
In the preferred technical scheme of the invention, the low-pressure vulcanized master batch particles are master batch particles prepared by blending EPDM/EVA (ethylene propylene rubber/ethylene-vinyl acetate) and combining nano calcium oxide and a surface active dispersing auxiliary agent; wherein, the weight percentage is as follows: 70-80% of nano calcium oxide, 15-26% of EPDM/EVA, 1-3% of surfactant and 1-3% of dispersing aid; the weight ratio of EPDM/EVA (ethylene propylene rubber/ethylene-vinyl acetate) is 4: 1.
in the preferable technical scheme of the invention, the pre-dispersed zinc oxide master colloidal particles are selected from active zinc oxide master colloidal particles, nano zinc oxide master colloidal particles or a mixture thereof.
In the preferable technical scheme of the invention, the natural rubber is selected from one or a combination of more of standard natural rubber, smoked sheet rubber or constant-viscosity natural rubber.
In the preferable technical scheme of the invention, the filler is selected from one or more of carbon black, argil and talcum powder.
In the preferable technical scheme of the invention, the styrene butadiene rubber is non-pollution styrene butadiene rubber.
In the preferable technical scheme of the invention, the pre-dispersion accelerator masterbatch particles are selected from one or more of TMTD-80, TETD-80, TP-80, PZ-80, PX-80, BZ-80 and ZDC-80.
The technical scheme of the second aspect of the invention provides a method for preparing rubber by vulcanizing a rubber lining composition at low temperature and low pressure, which comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the components according to the formula proportion, and preparing low-pressure vulcanized master batch particles for later use;
(2)1, plastication: cutting natural rubber into small pieces, then adding the small pieces into an internal mixer for internal mixing, transferring a rubber material to an open mill for tabletting after 30 r/min of a rotor of the internal mixer, and cutting the rubber material into small rolls;
(3)2, plastication: adding the natural rubber plasticated in the section 1 into an internal mixer for internal mixing, wherein the rotor speed of the internal mixer is 30 r/min, then adding high styrene and styrene butadiene rubber for internal mixing, finally transferring the rubber material into an open mill for tabletting, and cutting into pieces for mixing and standby;
(4) mixing: adding the rubber material plasticated in the 2 sections into an internal mixer according to a formula for internal mixing, wherein the rotating speed of a rotor of the internal mixer is as follows: 30 r/min, adding crystalline flake graphite, filler and sulfur for banburying, adding pre-dispersed low-pressure vulcanized master batch particles, pre-dispersed zinc oxide master batch particles and pre-dispersed accelerator master batch particles for banburying, controlling the temperature to be below 70 ℃, transferring the rubber material into an open mill for pressing, cooling and air-drying to obtain rubber compound for later use;
(5) extruding a rubber plate: the temperature of a head of the rubber compound cold feed extruder is 60-65 ℃, and the temperature of a charging barrel and a screw is as follows: 35-45 ℃, screw rotation speed: and (5) extruding a rubber plate for later use at 20-30 revolutions per minute.
In the preferred technical scheme of the invention, the preparation method (process) of the low-pressure vulcanized masterbatch particle is preferably as follows:
(A) weighing the components of nano calcium oxide, EPDM/EVA, surfactant and dispersing auxiliary agent according to the weight percentage;
(B) mixing: the rotor speed of an internal mixer is 25-30 r/min, EPDM/EVA is added for internal mixing, then nano calcium oxide, a surfactant and a dispersing aid are added for internal mixing, and the temperature is kept at 60-70 ℃ to obtain a rubber material; (ii) a
(C) Open mixing: transferring the rubber material into an open mill, open milling the rubber material, turning the rubber material, transferring the rubber material to a filter, and further uniformly mixing;
(D) and (3) filtering: filtering the rubber material obtained in the step (C), wherein the temperature of a head of a filter is 50-65 ℃, and transferring to a granulator after filtering;
(E) and (3) granulation: and (D) cutting the rubber material filtered in the step (D) on a granulator, cutting into small granular products, cooling at the temperature of a machine head of 50-65 ℃, and subpackaging for later use.
In the preferred technical scheme of the invention, the low-pressure vulcanized master batch comprises the following components in percentage by weight: weighing each component by 70-80% of nano calcium oxide, 15-26% of EPDM/EVA, 1-3% of surfactant and 1-3% of dispersing aid; and EPDM: the weight ratio of EVA is 4: 1.
The third aspect of the invention provides an application method of the low-temperature low-pressure vulcanized rubber lining composition, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing the composition to obtain a rubber plate for later use;
(2) after sand blasting and rust removing are carried out on the surface of equipment needing lining rubber, painting a two-component SP-2L adhesive as a bottom layer adhesive, painting a single-component SP-2 adhesive as a surface layer adhesive after air drying, and air drying;
(3) coating the surface of the rubber plate prepared in the step (1) with a two-component SP-2L adhesive for 1 time to serve as a bottom layer adhesive, coating the single-component SP-2 adhesive for 1 time after air drying, and air drying;
(4) sticking the rubber plate obtained in the step (3) to the adhesive on the equipment in the step (2);
(5) vulcanizing the equipment adhered with the rubber plate in the step (4): the temperature is 95-115 ℃ (low temperature), and the pressure is 0.02-0.08 MPa. I.e. without the need for vulcanization at higher temperatures and pressures.
In the preferred technical scheme of the invention, the two-component SP-2L adhesive is as follows: the SP-2 adhesive and the polyisocyanate solution are mixed according to the weight ratio of 100: 3-6, the mixture is prepared before use, and the effective service life is 3 hours after preparation.
The single-component SP-2 adhesive is a high-quality natural rubber adhesive commonly used in rubber lining factories.
The commercially available single-component natural rubber adhesives SP-2, etc. do not contain polyisocyanate and are usually fully vulcanized at temperatures above 120 ℃, i.e., cannot be vulcanized at low temperatures. The two-component SP-2L used in the invention can be vulcanized at low temperature due to the addition of the polyisocyanate, so that the vulcanization speed of the adhesive is improved, and the defect that the common natural rubber adhesive can not be vulcanized at low temperature is overcome. In addition, the polyisocyanate has high adhesion with metal and rubber, so that the adhesive strength of the rubber lining is improved. However, the polyisocyanate causes a significant reduction in the tack retaining time after the adhesive is applied to the metal and rubber sheets, and is disadvantageous in the attachment operation in large-area construction. The SP-2 adhesive is still used for the surface layer adhesive of the metal and rubber sheets. During vulcanization, polyisocyanate in the bottom layer adhesive can migrate into the surface layer adhesive, so that the bottom layer adhesive and the surface layer adhesive are dissolved into a whole, low-temperature and low-pressure vulcanization is ensured, and high adhesive strength with metal and rubber is achieved.
The invention adopts the mixture of the natural rubber, the styrene-butadiene rubber and the high styrene to replace the pure natural rubber of the existing product, improves the stiffness of a rubber plate (raw rubber) prepared by extruding or rolling the composition, and simultaneously reduces the self-adhesiveness in the rubber plate, which is beneficial to volatilizing the gas of the bonding layer through the rubber plate before the vulcanization is finished and avoiding bubbling. In addition, the combination of the natural rubber, the styrene-butadiene rubber and the high styrene improves the hardness and toughness of the product, and is beneficial to obtaining the product with high hardness and high toughness under the low-temperature vulcanization condition.
The nano calcium oxide has calcium oxide content not less than 98%, relative density of 3.3 and refractive index of 1.838.
The sulfur of the invention has the mass fraction of sulfur not less than 99.50 percent, the moisture not more than 1.0 percent, the ash content not more than 0.05 percent, and the acidity (expressed as H)2SO4Calculated by the formula) is not more than 0.005 percent, and the content of organic matters is not more than 0.20 percent.
Compared with the commonly used carbon black, the crystalline flake graphite serving as the main reinforcing agent of the composition is better in heat conductivity, is favorable for overcoming the problems that the heat conduction of a rubber material is slow, particularly the difference between the outer surface temperature and the central temperature of the rubber at the thick rubber lap joint is large, is favorable for uniform vulcanization under low temperature conditions, can avoid nonuniform vulcanization and nonuniform shrinkage, and avoids residual internal stress of a lining and bubbling of the lining.
The low-temperature low-pressure vulcanized rubber lining composition selects proper fillers and the dosage proportion thereof, so that the composition extrusion and calendering process can be smoothly carried out, and the rubber lining can have proper hardness, strength, chemical resistance and the detection requirement of electric spark voltage resistance.
Since the relative saturation vapor pressure corresponds to temperature, the lower the pressure, the lower the temperature. Therefore, low-pressure vulcanization requires low-temperature vulcanization. In order to realize low-temperature vulcanization of the rubber lining, low-temperature overspeed accelerators as much as possible need to be arranged, the types of the accelerators capable of being rapidly and uniformly dispersed into lining rubber materials are selected, and the key is to avoid the phenomenon that the later processing and use are influenced due to scorching caused by overlong mixing time of the lining materials. Most of the natural hard rubber linings on the market at present can not be vulcanized at low temperature and low pressure, and a few of the natural hard rubber linings can be vulcanized at low temperature and pressure, but are easy to generate micropores and bubbles, and have poor bonding strength and poor corrosion prevention effect.
Compared with the prior art, the low-temperature low-pressure vulcanized rubber lining composition has the following advantages and characteristics:
1. the low-pressure vulcanized masterbatch is prepared by combining EPDM/EVA (ethylene propylene rubber/ethylene-vinyl acetate) blended rubber with nano calcium oxide and a surface active dispersing auxiliary agent. The nanometer calcium oxide is evenly dispersed in the EPDM/EVA carrier and is wrapped by the EPDM/EVA. The low-pressure vulcanized masterbatch particles can not absorb water and agglomerate in the storage process, the performance is stable, and the defects that the nano calcium oxide powder is easy to absorb moisture, agglomerate and lose activity prematurely in the storage process are overcome; in the rubber mixing process, the EPDM/EVA and the surface active dispersing auxiliary agent ensure that the nano calcium oxide is quickly and uniformly dispersed into the rubber material, and the defects that the nano calcium oxide powder is easy to fly and difficult to quickly and uniformly disperse are overcome; most importantly, in the vulcanization process, the nano calcium oxide can absorb water vapor in the rubber material to generate calcium hydroxide, so that when the rubber lining is continuously vulcanized under low pressure, the defects of spongy micropores, bubbles and the like formed in the rubber material due to the fact that the water vapor is sealed can be avoided, the lining is further guaranteed to be compact, the bonding strength is good, and the problems that the rubber lining is easy to generate micropores, bubbles and poor bonding strength during low-pressure vulcanization are solved to a great extent; meanwhile, the EVA in the material begins to soften and melt at 75-95 ℃, can be quickly dispersed into micropores of a rubber material, eliminates generated micropores to a certain extent, has good cohesiveness with rubber, inorganic filler and metal, and is beneficial to improving the compactness and the adhesive strength of a rubber lining.
2. The invention selects the pre-dispersed zinc oxide master colloidal particles, is favorable for quickly and uniformly dispersing the zinc oxide master colloidal particles into lining rubber materials, ensures the optimal activity of effective components, and is favorable for realizing low-temperature vulcanization.
3. Compared with the common powdery accelerant, the low-temperature and ultra-speed pre-dispersion accelerant master rubber particle composition can avoid absorbing water in the storage process, keep the optimal activity, particularly can be added in the last stage of mixing of lining materials, completes mixing within 30 seconds, uniformly disperses into the materials, avoids scorching (early vulcanization) caused by long-time mixing, and avoids the defects of different vulcanization degrees and the like caused by nonuniform dispersion.
The invention has the following characteristics: the vulcanizing agent can be vulcanized under the low-temperature and low-pressure vulcanizing condition, so that the vulcanizing difficulty of oversized non-pressure-resistant equipment and oversized pressure-resistant non-tank equipment is solved.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples.
Low-temp. low-pressure vulcanized rubber lining composition
Examples 1 to 7
The rubber was prepared according to the rubber lining composition formulation (parts by weight) of table 1:
table 1: composition formulations of examples 1-7
Wherein the natural rubber comprises one or more of standard natural rubber, smoked sheet rubber and constant-viscosity natural rubber. The styrene butadiene rubber is non-polluting and has good compatibility with natural rubber and high styrene. The high styrene is high styrene rubber with styrene content of 60-80%. The low-pressure vulcanized masterbatch is masterbatch prepared by blending EPDM/EVA (ethylene propylene rubber/ethylene-vinyl acetate) and combining nano calcium oxide and a surface active dispersing auxiliary agent. The content of the nano calcium oxide is 70-80%, and the content of the EPDM/EVA is 15-26%. The pre-dispersed zinc oxide master colloidal particles are selected from active zinc oxide master colloidal particles and nano zinc oxide master colloidal particles. The pre-dispersion accelerant colloidal particles are selected from: one or more of TMTD-80, TETD-80, TP-80, PZ-80, PX-80, BZ-80 and ZDC-80. The accelerator (powder) is selected from: one or more of TMTD, TETD, TP, PZ, PX, BZ and ZDC.
(II) the preparation method (process) of the low pressure vulcanized masterbatch particles of the invention is preferably as follows:
(1) weighing the components according to a low-pressure vulcanized masterbatch formula; according to the weight percentage: the nano calcium oxide content is 70%, the EPDM/EVA content is 25%, the surfactant is 3%, and the dispersing auxiliary agent is 2%; and EPDM: the weight ratio of EVA is 4: 1;
(2) mixing: the rotor speed of an internal mixer is 25-30 r/min, EPDM/EVA is added according to the formula weight, the mixture is subjected to internal mixing for 1-2 min, then nano calcium oxide, a surfactant and a dispersing aid are added according to the formula weight, the mixture is subjected to internal mixing for 6-10 min at the temperature of 60-70 ℃, the rubber material is poured into a feeding car, and then the mixture is transferred into an open mill;
(3) open mixing: the roll spacing of the open mill is 2-2.5 mm, the rubber material is open milled, the rubber is turned for 2-3 times and then transferred to a filter, and the purpose of further mixing uniformly is achieved;
(4) and (3) filtering: filtering with a 80-100 mesh filter screen, wherein the temperature of a head of the filter is 50-65 ℃, and transferring to a granulator after filtering;
(5) and (3) granulation: the granulator is cut into small particles at a screw rotation speed of 20-25 r/min, a machine head temperature of 50-65 ℃ and a cutter rotation speed of 100-120 r/min, and the products obtained by granulation are cooled and packaged for later use.
(III) preparation of rubber liner (rubber sheet):
the raw materials are weighed according to the formula proportion, the raw materials are mixed in an open mill or an internal mixer (namely, the raw materials are uniformly mixed), a rubber sheet of the mixed rubber is extruded, and then the rubber sheet (the thickness is generally 3-6 mm) is extruded on an extruder or a calender.
The method for preparing the rubber lining specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the components according to the formula proportion;
(2)1, plastication: cutting natural rubber on a rubber cutter into small blocks with the weight not higher than 10kg, adding the small blocks into an internal mixer according to the volume capacity of the internal mixer, carrying out internal mixing for 10-13 minutes at 30 revolutions per minute by using an internal mixer rotor, pouring rubber materials into a feeding car, transferring the rubber materials to an open mill for tabletting, cutting the rubber materials into small rolls, standing the rolls for at least 4 hours according to the weight specified in the formula, and carrying out 2-stage plastication;
(3)2, plastication: rotating speed of a rotor of an internal mixer: 30 r/min, adding the plasticated natural rubber into an internal mixer, carrying out internal mixing for 0.5-1 min, then adding high styrene and styrene butadiene rubber according to the weight of the formula, carrying out internal mixing for 2-3 min, then pouring the rubber material into a feeding car, transferring the rubber material into an open mill, carrying out tabletting, cutting the rubber material into a plurality of pieces, and standing each piece for at least 4 hours according to the weight of the formula for mixing;
(4) mixing: rotating speed of a rotor of an internal mixer: 30 r/min, adding the rubber material plasticated in the 2 sections into an internal mixer according to a formula, carrying out internal mixing for 0.5-1 min, then adding crystalline flake graphite, filler and sulfur according to the weight of the formula, carrying out internal mixing for 3-6 min, finally adding pre-dispersed low-pressure vulcanized master batch particles, pre-dispersed zinc oxide master batch particles and pre-dispersed accelerator master batch particles according to the weight of the formula, carrying out internal mixing for 0.5-1 min, controlling the temperature to be below 70 ℃ (avoiding scorching) by adjusting the cooling water temperature and the water inflow of equipment, putting the rubber material into a feeding car, transferring the rubber material into an open mill through the feeding car for pressing, cutting the roller distance of the open mill into rubber strips with the width of 10-13 mm, cooling the rubber strips through a rubber sheet cooler, and carrying out air drying to obtain final mixed rubber for an extruder to extrude a rubber sheet;
(5) extruding a rubber plate, namely, extruding a cold feed extruder, wherein the head temperature is 60-65 ℃, and the charging barrel temperature is as follows: 35-45 ℃, screw temperature: 35-45 ℃, 35-45 ℃ of press roll, and screw rotation speed: and (3) extruding a rubber plate at 20-30 rpm, wherein the thickness of the rubber plate is 3-6 mm for later use.
Steel matrix lining rubber
And (3) sand blasting is carried out on the metal surface of the equipment needing lining rubber, the sand blasting grade Sa 2.5, after cleaning, an SP-2L adhesive is brushed within 4 hours, after air drying for 1.5-48 hours, the SP-2 adhesive is brushed, and air drying for 1-6 hours is carried out. Cutting a rubber sheet according to the size of equipment, brushing an SP-2L adhesive on the surface of the rubber sheet, airing for 1-48 hours, brushing a single-component SP-2 adhesive, airing for 1-6 hours, paving a rubber plate on the surface of the equipment brushed with the adhesive, and rolling a rubber lining by using a compression roller to tightly paste the rubber lining on the equipment.
The SP-2L adhesive is a mixture of the SP-2 adhesive and a polyisocyanate solution, and is prepared before use according to the weight ratio: 100: 3-6, and the effective service life is 3 hours after preparation. The SP-2 adhesive is a natural rubber based adhesive.
(V) vulcanization of linings
Preparation work: the equipment lined with the glue is sealed by a cover plate and a rubber gasket, a thermometer, a pressure gauge, a compressed air inlet pipe and a valve, a steam inlet pipe and a valve are installed, and drain valves and exhaust valves of the equipment are installed.
And (3) liner vulcanization:
table 2: example 1 three vulcanization processes 1-1,1-2,1-3 and test results for rubber lining compositions
It can be seen that the composition, the composition of example 1 and the method of application meet the designed low temperature and low pressure vulcanization process requirements and can improve hardness and bond strength by adjusting vulcanization time and pressure. This embodiment also shows that the compactness, hardness, and adhesive strength of the liner are reduced to some extent when the vulcanization pressure is low.
After the SP-2L adhesive used for rubber bonding obtained in example 1 was changed to the SP-2 adhesive, the resulting liner was vulcanized by the vulcanization process of examples 1-1.1-2 and 1-3, and the adhesive strengths of the resulting liner were 5MPa, 6.5MPa and 4MPa, respectively. This shows that the two-component SP-2L adhesive selected by the invention is more suitable for low-temperature low-pressure vulcanization than the commonly used SP-2 high-quality natural rubber adhesive in the market, and is beneficial to ensuring the adhesive strength. Because the vulcanization speed of SP-2L added with polyisocyanate is faster under the low-temperature and low-pressure vulcanization state, and the vulcanization speed is basically matched with that of the rubber plate.
Table 3: the rubber vulcanization process and test results for the rubber lining compositions of examples 2,3,4, 5, 6, 7 are as follows:
it can be seen that the rubber prepared from the composition of examples 1,2,3 and 4 of the present invention can be vulcanized at low temperature and low pressure, and the product quality can be ensured.
Comparative example 7 is a hard rubber lining commonly used in the market at present, and the low-pressure and low-temperature vulcanization quality is not good; the composition of comparative example 6 lacks pre-dispersed low pressure vulcanized masterbatch and the low pressure low temperature vulcanized product is not satisfactory; the composition of comparative example 5, which had pre-dispersed low pressure vulcanized masterbatch, was inferior in quality after low pressure vulcanization even at a low content (only 1 part), demonstrating that low pressure vulcanized masterbatch is a key component of the present invention.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited by the foregoing examples, which are provided to illustrate the principles of the invention, and that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is also intended to be covered by the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (7)
1. The rubber lining composition for low-temperature and low-pressure vulcanization comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of natural rubber, 20-45 parts of sulfur, 1-20 parts of styrene butadiene rubber, 1-20 parts of high styrene, 3-10 parts of low-pressure vulcanized master batch particles, 5-10 parts of pre-dispersed zinc oxide master batch particles, 10-30 parts of flake graphite, 10-30 parts of filler and 2.5-5.0 parts of pre-dispersed accelerator master batch particles; the low temperature and the low pressure are 95-115 ℃ and 0.02-0.08 MPa;
the low-pressure vulcanized master colloidal particle is a master colloidal particle prepared by blending ethylene propylene rubber/ethylene-vinyl acetate, combining nano calcium oxide and a surface active dispersing auxiliary agent; wherein, the weight percentage is as follows: 70-80% of nano calcium oxide, 15-26% of ethylene propylene rubber/ethylene-vinyl acetate, 1-3% of surfactant and 1-3% of dispersing aid; the weight ratio of the ethylene propylene rubber to the ethylene-vinyl acetate is 4: 1.
2. the rubber liner composition for low temperature and low pressure vulcanization according to claim 1, characterized in that the high styrene is a high styrene rubber having a styrene content of 60% to 80%.
3. The process for producing rubber from the rubber lining composition for low-temperature low-pressure vulcanization according to claim 1 or 2, which comprises the steps of:
(1) weighing the components according to the formula proportion, and preparing low-pressure vulcanized master batch particles for later use;
(2)1, plastication: cutting natural rubber into small pieces, then adding the small pieces into an internal mixer for internal mixing, transferring a rubber material to an open mill for tabletting after 30 r/min of a rotor of the internal mixer, and cutting the rubber material into small rolls;
(3)2, plastication: adding the natural rubber plasticated in the section 1 into an internal mixer for internal mixing, wherein the rotor speed of the internal mixer is 30 r/min, then adding high styrene and styrene butadiene rubber for internal mixing, finally transferring the rubber material into an open mill for tabletting, and cutting into pieces for mixing and standby;
(4) mixing: adding the rubber material plasticated in the 2 sections into an internal mixer according to a formula for internal mixing, wherein the rotating speed of a rotor of the internal mixer is as follows: 30 r/min, adding crystalline flake graphite, filler and sulfur for banburying, adding pre-dispersed low-pressure vulcanized master batch particles, pre-dispersed zinc oxide master batch particles and pre-dispersed accelerator master batch particles for banburying, controlling the temperature to be below 70 ℃, transferring the rubber material into an open mill for pressing, cooling and air-drying to obtain rubber compound for later use;
(5) extruding a rubber plate: the temperature of a head of the rubber compound cold feed extruder is 60-65 ℃, and the temperature of a charging barrel and a screw is as follows: 35-45 ℃, screw rotation speed: and (5) extruding a rubber plate for later use at 20-30 revolutions per minute.
4. The method for preparing rubber according to claim 3, wherein the low pressure vulcanized masterbatch is prepared by the following method:
(A) weighing the components of nano calcium oxide, ethylene propylene rubber/ethylene-vinyl acetate, surfactant and dispersing auxiliary agent according to the weight percentage;
(B) mixing: the rotor speed of an internal mixer is 25-30 r/min, ethylene propylene rubber/ethylene-vinyl acetate are added for internal mixing, then nano calcium oxide, a surfactant and a dispersing aid are added for internal mixing, and the temperature is kept at 60-70 ℃ to obtain a sizing material;
(C) open mixing: transferring the rubber material into an open mill, open milling the rubber material, turning the rubber material, transferring the rubber material to a filter, and further uniformly mixing;
(D) and (3) filtering: filtering the rubber material obtained in the step (C), wherein the temperature of a head of a filter is 50-65 ℃, and transferring to a granulator after filtering;
(E) and (3) granulation: and (D) cutting the rubber material filtered in the step (D) on a granulator, cutting into small granular products, cooling at the temperature of a machine head of 50-65 ℃, and subpackaging for later use.
5. The method of using the rubber lining composition for low-temperature low-pressure vulcanization according to claim 1 or 2, comprising the steps of:
(1) preparing the composition to obtain a rubber plate for later use;
(2) after sand blasting and rust removing are carried out on the surface of equipment needing lining rubber, painting a two-component SP-2L adhesive as a bottom layer adhesive, painting a single-component SP-2 adhesive as a surface layer adhesive after air drying, and air drying;
(3) coating the surface of the rubber plate prepared in the step (1) with a two-component SP-2L adhesive for 1 time to serve as a bottom layer adhesive, coating the single-component SP-2 adhesive for 1 time after air drying, and air drying;
(4) sticking the rubber plate obtained in the step (3) to the adhesive on the equipment in the step (2);
(5) vulcanizing the equipment adhered with the rubber plate in the step (4): the temperature is 95-115 ℃ (low temperature), and the pressure is 0.02-0.08 MPa.
6. The application method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the two-component SP-2L adhesive is a mixture of an SP-2 adhesive and a polyisocyanate solution in a weight ratio of 100: 3-6, the mixture is prepared before use, and the effective service life is 3 hours after preparation.
7. The method of use of claim 5, wherein the two-part SP-2L adhesive is formulated prior to use and has a pot life of 3 hours after formulation.
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| CN112250916A (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2021-01-22 | 武汉华利浦防腐工程有限公司 | Hard rubber and preparation method thereof |
| CN113004584B (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2022-11-04 | 厦门元保运动器材有限公司 | Low-temperature vulcanized rubber for balls and preparation method of low-temperature vulcanized rubber balls |
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