CN109510509A - A kind of exhaust system and battery energy storage system - Google Patents

A kind of exhaust system and battery energy storage system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109510509A
CN109510509A CN201811244953.7A CN201811244953A CN109510509A CN 109510509 A CN109510509 A CN 109510509A CN 201811244953 A CN201811244953 A CN 201811244953A CN 109510509 A CN109510509 A CN 109510509A
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China
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shape
memory material
exhaust system
piezoelectric
heat transfer
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CN201811244953.7A
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CN109510509B (en
Inventor
张慧
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Chengdu Edison Technology Co.,Ltd.
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Kunpeng Block Chain Energy Technology (suzhou) Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02NELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N2/00Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
    • H02N2/18Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02GHOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G5/00Profiting from waste heat of combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02G5/02Profiting from waste heat of exhaust gases
    • F02G5/04Profiting from waste heat of exhaust gases in combination with other waste heat from combustion engines
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/32Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from a charging set comprising a non-electric prime mover rotating at constant speed
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Electrical Machinery Utilizing Piezoelectricity, Electrostriction Or Magnetostriction (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention discloses a kind of exhaust system and battery energy storage system, wherein device includes device noumenon, described device ontology includes heat transfer zone and power generation area, the heat transfer zone includes that a gas passes through space, the shape-memory material is disposed through the heat transfer zone and institute's power generation area, the piezoelectric material is set to the power generation area, the shape-memory material and the piezoelectric material are both secured in drive coupling, shape-memory material generates deformation in heated and cooling process, piezoelectric material is driven to produce electricl energy by the drive coupling by the pressure that the deformation of the shape-memory material generates, wherein the shape-memory material is shape memory metal or marmem, the piezoelectric material is piezoelectric ceramics, piezoelectricity ferro material, piezopolymer, the rear several combinations of one of piezo-electricity composite material are made.The device of the invention passes through the direct output displacement of thermoelasticity phase transformation and power of shape-memory material, generates electricity without transmission mechanism, structure is simple, it is economical convenient and practical, it distributed can extend, the utilization that the waste heat in exhaust gas can be efficiently used to generate electricity, particularly suitable for non-industrial low-temperature waste heat.

Description

A kind of exhaust system and battery energy storage system
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of energy recoveries to utilize technical field, in particular to is recycled the one of power generation to waste heat Kind exhaust system and battery energy storage system.
Background technique
With the propulsion of national energy conservation and emission reduction policy, high energy-consuming industry and the attention that energy conservation is equipped by enterprise and technology utilizes Degree is deeper and deeper.Government should actively implement energy-saving and environment-friendly every preferential policy, increase to enterprise's low temperature heat project Finance support.Although existing energy storage scheme plays very big effect in the Waste Heat Reuse of a variety of different high quality, But the energy storage scheme of high temperature waste hot be to low temperature it is not applicable, economic value cannot be generated.
The low-temperature waste heat that integrated mill and enterprise generate at present can be recycled by some low-temperature electricity-generating units.This Whole generating efficiency can be improved in a little units.But Chinese overall energy efficiency only has 33% or so.However still have 2/3rds The energy energy in the industrial production by directly clap walk to slattern.Even if existing technology can recycle low-temperature waste heat, But due at high cost, it is grid-connected difficult the problems such as.Practical application rate is also low considerable.It is low in especially non-large-scaled industrial environment The utilization rate of warm waste heat is very low, industrial area large scale equipment no matter from cost and the noise etc. generated to environment, all do not conform to Appropriate to the occasion.
At present to the utilization method of low-temperature waste heat, such as UC Berkley Materials Science and Engineering associate professor The team of Lane Martin leader uses distinct methods now, and waste heat can be collected and be converted during heat to electricity conversion by developing At the nanometer material film of electric power.Existing record is all refreshed in vitro energy density and power density.But It will receive the limitation of temperature during practical application, or just generate ideal effect within a certain range.
Therefore relative to industrial area, the non-industry such as Office Area or large-scale data center of electronic equipment Relatively centralized Area, the generation and waste of low-temperature waste heat are also very serious, however this is that many people ignore place.For these users and industry Person, the waste of these energy will directly generate the operating cost of great number.Distributed clean energy resource-energy storage-block chain technology In conjunction with the direction for being future source of energy development.Can only there is new energy by battery energy storage, existing method at present passes through memory Material generates electricity again after generating the equipment energy storage of deformation band hydrodynamic pressure, all can generation efficiency loss between energy conversion.And battery stores up The cost of energy is higher than traditional water-storage.If energy storage device is uneconomical practical, one will be to the promotion of new energy A huge obstruction.Therefore this urgently develops a kind of Waste Heat Recovery that can efficiently use low-temperature waste heat and economical and practical and utilizes Technology.
Inventive technique content
The present invention is intended to provide a kind of structure is simple, a kind of exhaust system and battery of economic convenient and practical effective use Energy-storage system.
One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a kind of exhaust system, including device noumenon, described device ontology packets Heat transfer zone and power generation area are included, the heat transfer zone includes a gas by space, and the shape-memory material is disposed through described Heat transfer zone and institute's power generation area, the piezoelectric material are set to the power generation area, the shape-memory material and the piezoelectric material It is both secured in drive coupling, shape-memory material generates deformation in heated and cooling process, by the shape memory material The pressure that the deformation of material generates drives piezoelectric material to produce electricl energy by the drive coupling, wherein the shape-memory material For shape memory metal or marmem, the piezoelectric material is piezoelectric ceramics, piezoelectricity ferro material, piezo-polymeric The rear several combinations of one of object, piezo-electricity composite material are made.
Further, exhaust system of the invention is provided with for placing the shape in the drive coupling The first passage of memory material, and the second channel for placing the piezoelectric material, the first passage and described second lead to Road is connected and in 90 degree of angle.
Further, exhaust system of the invention, the piezoelectric material parallel interval are provided with multiple groups, carry out multiple spot Linkage power generation.
Further, exhaust system of the invention, the heat transfer zone control hot gas flowing by exhaust gas heat source, pass through Air at room temperature cools down, and is passed through by control gas and makes shape-memory material in heated and cooling process around heat transfer zone Deformation is generated, and drives piezoelectric ceramics to generate electric current by drive coupling.
Further, exhaust system of the invention, the piezoelectric material are piezoelectric ceramics, the shape-memory material For marmem.Preferably niti-shaped memorial alloy.
Further, exhaust system of the invention is provided with thermal insulation layer between power generation area described in the heat transfer zone, institute The material of thermal insulation layer is stated as insulation graphite material.
Further, exhaust system of the invention, the exhaust system are provided with multiple groups, discharge along exhaust gas Direction is distributed.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of battery energy storage systems, including waste heat collecting apparatus, for collecting packet Exhaust gas containing low-temperature waste heat;Exhaust system, for the thermal energy in waste heat to be converted to shape memory by memory material The deformation acting of memory material is converted to electric energy by piezoelectric material by the deformation of material;Electrical energy changer is used for piezoelectricity The electric energy of power generator conversion carries out recycling and restoring transformation;Energy storage device is recycled and is gone back through electrical energy changer for storing Former transformed electric energy, wherein the exhaust system is any of the above-described exhaust system.
Further, battery energy storage system of the invention, the energy storage device are battery container.
Further, battery energy storage system of the invention, the battery of the battery container are recycling battery.
The utility model has the advantages that exhaust system structure of the invention is simple, and it is economical convenient and practical, it distributed can extend, it can Waste heat in effective use exhaust gas generates electricity, utilization particularly suitable for non-industrial low-temperature waste heat.Utilize shape-memory material Double-pass memory effect reheats the original condition before being restored to deformation to pressure after lower than the plastic deformation under phase transition temperature Electric material is done work and converts thermal energy into electric energy.Because the reaction speed of piezoelectric material is quickly, and shape-memory material is anti- Between seasonable and the period of thermal cycle is long, so a large amount of work flower is reducing the nickel-titanium memory metal fever cycle operation period On, energy conversion efficiency can be greatlyd improve in this way.And the deformation that buckling needs is not than being especially greatly, so memory metal Deformation all in the linear range.So that the control that thermal energy carries out electric energy conversion is more accurate.This current Analysis of Nested Design scheme is Utilization for exhaust gas.
Battery energy storage system of the invention pass through and battery container it is integrated, reduce it and generated electricity after energy storage again in the prior art Process;The simplification of process directly increases the transfer efficiency of whole system.And the battery recycled by technical treatment It is made into storage battery container, greatly reduces the expense of energy storage device.The present invention is by heat energy recycle and energy storage battery Recycling combines, and greatly improves efficiency and economic value in the use aspects of low-temperature waste heat.With low cost, stablize The strong feature of property, does not have any pollution to environment.Since the manufacturing cost of the equipment large scale equipment whole relative to other is cheap, Because being modularization, the integrated level of module depends entirely on the waste heat scale of user.The memory metal deformation of Patent design Range be all strict controlled in existing deformation range, so the service life of main component can continue 20 years or more.And because It is entirely to be pushed by heating power for moving component component, so will not generation environment noise.Part storage is formed with storage battery container Energy system does not need to solve the problems, such as to network.
Detailed description of the invention
The structural schematic diagram of Fig. 1, exhaust system of the invention.
The thermal strain curve of Fig. 2, shape-memory material.
Appended drawing reference: 1, (device noumenon) shell, 2, heat transfer zone, 3, power generation area, 4, shape-memory material, 5, transmission company Connect device, 6, piezoelectric material, 7, insulation graphite material.
Specific embodiment
Exhaust system is most important a part in entire battery energy storage system.With reference to the accompanying drawings of the specification to this Exhaust system is described in detail in invention.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, a kind of exhaust system of the invention, including device noumenon, described device ontology include changing Hot-zone 2 and power generation area 3, the heat transfer zone 2 include a gas by space, and the shape-memory material 4 is disposed through described Heat transfer zone 2 and institute's power generation area 3, the piezoelectric material 6 are set to the power generation area 3, the shape-memory material 4 and the piezoelectricity Material is both secured in drive coupling 5, and shape-memory material 4 generates deformation in heated and cooling process, by the shape The pressure that the deformation of memory material 4 generates drives piezoelectric material to produce electricl energy by the drive coupling 5, wherein the shape Memory material 4 be shape memory metal or marmem, the piezoelectric material 6 be piezoelectric ceramics, piezoelectricity ferro material, The rear several combinations of one of piezopolymer, piezo-electricity composite material are made.
Further, exhaust system of the invention is provided with for placing the shape in the drive coupling 5 The first passage of memory material 4, and the second channel for placing the piezoelectric material 6, the first passage and described second Channel is connected and in 90 degree of angle.
Further, exhaust system of the invention, the piezoelectric material parallel interval are provided with multiple groups, carry out multiple spot Linkage power generation.
Further, exhaust system of the invention, the heat transfer zone 2 control hot gas flowing by exhaust gas heat source, lead to It crosses air at room temperature to cool down, be passed through by control gas and makes shape-memory material 4 heated and cooling around heat transfer zone 2 Process generates deformation, and drives piezoelectric ceramics to generate electric current by drive coupling 5.
Further, exhaust system of the invention, the piezoelectric material are piezoelectric ceramics, the shape-memory material 4 be marmem.Preferably niti-shaped memorial alloy.
Further, exhaust system of the invention is provided with thermal insulation layer between power generation area 3 described in the heat transfer zone 2, The material of the thermal insulation layer is insulation graphite material 7.
Further, exhaust system of the invention, the exhaust system are provided with multiple groups, discharge along exhaust gas Direction is distributed.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of battery energy storage systems, including waste heat collecting apparatus, for collecting packet Exhaust gas containing low-temperature waste heat;Exhaust system, for the thermal energy in waste heat to be converted to shape memory by memory material The deformation acting of memory material is converted to electric energy by piezoelectric material 6 by the deformation of material 4;Electrical energy changer, for that will press The electric energy of electric power generator conversion carries out recycling and restoring transformation;Energy storage device, for store through electrical energy changer recycling and Electric energy after restoring transformation, wherein the exhaust system is any of the above-described exhaust system.
Further, battery energy storage system of the invention, the energy storage device are battery container.
Further, battery energy storage system of the invention, the battery of the battery container are recycling battery.
As shown in Fig. 2, shape-memory material 4 is compared with other materials common metal, elastic material, due to shape memory Material 4 ((shape memory metal or marmem, preferably niti-shaped memorial alloy)) has double-pass memory effect, is adding Restore high-temperature-phase shape when hot, replys low-temperature phase shape when cooling again.Advantage compared with the original parts such as motor clearly, Structure is also very simple, by the direct output displacement of thermoelasticity phase transformation and power of shape-memory material 4, without driver Structure.Biggest advantage is pollution-free and noise, can be worked in the state of not generating friction and noise.And by multiple After circulation, ess-strain performance will be settled out.The preferred piezoelectric ceramics of piezoelectric material 6, and piezoelectricity best at present The braking of ceramic material, which is strained, improves 6 times or so than most traditional piezoelectric ceramics performance.Wherein the piezoelectric material 6 is preferably Marmem, especially niti-shaped memorial alloy, it is advantageous that the marmem work done of unit mass Ratio it is very big.Wherein pass through the optimum choice of niti-shaped memorial alloy and piezoelectric ceramics, so that the performance of braking strain is more Adjunction is close, can control the thermoelectric cycle time very well, and generating efficiency has been reached maximization.
Exhaust system includes device noumenon, and device noumenon is divided into two major parts, and top is divided into heat transfer zone 2, Namely shape-memory material 4(preferable shape memory metal or marmem, more preferable niti-shaped memorial alloy below with It is illustrated for shape memory metal) phase change zone, lower part is divided into power generation area 3 namely piezoelectric ceramics and piezoelectric material is (excellent Select piezoelectric ceramics) and shape-memory material 4 and drive coupling 5 drive area.Heat transfer zone 2 controls thermal current by exhaust gas heat source It is dynamic, cooled down using air at room temperature.Passed through by controlling gas and make shape-memory material 4 heated around heat transfer zone 2 and The deformation that cooling process generates drives piezoelectric ceramics to generate electric current by drive coupling 5.The electric current of generation is adjusted storage It is stored to energy storage device.Whole device and system can expand and reduce according to the use demand of user.
The optimization of heat transfer zone 2 includes two parts, and a part is that insulation is carried out in heat transfer zone 2 and power generation area 3, is prevented because dissipating Heat causes the energy loss of system and the normal transmission of interference.Another part passes through control 2 shape-memory material 4 of heat transfer zone Heating and cooling cycle and rate of deformation, heating and the cold-zone period of hot-fluid are controlled to realize that power generation maximizes, so that shape The rate of deformation of shape memory material 4 is optimal, to realize that power generation maximizes.Piezoelectric ceramics group can be according to the system of waste heat Characteristic is adjusted.Exhaust system and battery energy storage system of the invention can be set to multiple groups, along exhaust gas discharge side To being distributed, as long as temperature meets the requirements the target for reaching predetermined electric power storage.
Shape-memory material 4 and drive coupling 5 are fixed using physical method, and the two is completely isolated, are passed through Drive coupling 5 carries out transition connection so that sensing element is adequately protected, and is passing through finite element and hydrodynamics After sunykatuib analysis, property heat cycle of Transient Heat Transfer and material properties detailed analysis is done into, but also energy conversion reaches most Good value, it is more more easy to operate than welding needing to replace.Improved method increases the stability of operation, reduces and adds The cost of work.
The combination of shape-memory material 4 and piezoelectric ceramics group and its kind of drive are prominent at once three aspects:
In a first aspect, avoiding the composite plate shape that shape-memory material 4 and piezoelectric material are all formed into interlayer in traditional fixation The numerical value of formula bring design current output is smaller, with regard to inadequate problem for towards waste heat energy storage.The present invention uses The braking strain of shape-memory material 4 is greater than the performance of piezoelectric ceramics, and piezoelectric ceramics is made into the form of module, passes through connection in this way Dynamic device can be generated electricity with multiple spot, Lai Zengjia generated energy.The design takes simplest linear shape-memory material 4, this is in life Production and the requirement of technique and cost all reduce.
Second aspect, the mode for avoiding shape-memory material 4 and piezoelectric ceramics binding traditional in traditional fixation make Both it is exposed in exhaust environment, the vapor or other corrosivity since the chemical component of exhaust gas is very complicated, in exhaust gas Gas is the problem of the process that temperature reduces can cause very big damage to workpiece.
The third aspect, avoiding traditional welding manner can be because the complexity bring of 4 ingredient of shape-memory material exists There is the case where fatigue and fracture in pad, right since the welding between different shape memory material 4 has very big challenge Just seem for this special material of shape-memory material 4 and be even more important, especially this component will carry out up to a million times Heating and get the thermal cycle of volume.Although the method for welding simplifies production stage, but performance does not ensure that.System Stablize and operating is to guarantee an Eco-power key factor in the range of design.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of exhaust system, including device noumenon, which is characterized in that described device ontology includes heat transfer zone and power generation Area, the heat transfer zone include a gas by space, and the shape-memory material is disposed through the heat transfer zone and is generated electricity Area, the piezoelectric material are set to the power generation area, and the shape-memory material and the piezoelectric material are both secured to transmission and connect It connects on device, shape-memory material generates deformation in heated and cooling process, is generated by the deformation of the shape-memory material Pressure drives piezoelectric material to produce electricl energy by the drive coupling, wherein the shape-memory material is shape memory metal Or marmem, the piezoelectric material are piezoelectric ceramics, piezoelectricity ferro material, piezopolymer, piezo-electricity composite material One of it is rear it is several combination be made.
2. exhaust system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that be provided in the drive coupling for putting Set the first passage of the shape-memory material, and the second channel for placing the piezoelectric material, the first passage and The second channel is connected and in 90 degree of angle.
3. exhaust system according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the piezoelectric material parallel interval is provided with more Group carries out multi-point interlinked power generation.
4. exhaust system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the heat transfer zone passes through exhaust gas heat source control heat Flow of air is cooled down by air at room temperature, is passed through by control gas and is made shape-memory material heated around heat transfer zone Deformation is generated with cooling process, and drives piezoelectric ceramics to generate electric current by drive coupling.
5. exhaust system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the piezoelectric material is piezoelectric ceramics, described Shape-memory material is marmem.
6. any exhaust system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that between power generation area described in the heat transfer zone It is provided with thermal insulation layer, the material of the thermal insulation layer is insulation graphite material.
7. exhaust system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the exhaust system is provided with multiple groups, It is distributed along exhaust gas emission direction.
8. a kind of battery energy storage system, which is characterized in that include the useless of low-temperature waste heat for collecting including waste heat collecting apparatus Gas;Exhaust system passes through pressure for the thermal energy in waste heat to be converted to the deformation of shape-memory material by memory material The deformation acting of memory material is converted to electric energy by electric material;Electrical energy changer, the electricity for converting piezoelectric generating device It can be carried out recycling and restoring transformation;Energy storage device, for storing the electric energy after electrical energy changer recycling and restoring transformation, Described in exhaust system be any exhaust system of claim 1-7.
9. battery energy storage system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the energy storage device is battery container.
10. battery energy storage system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the battery of the battery container is recycling Battery.
CN201811244953.7A 2018-10-24 2018-10-24 Waste heat power generation device and battery energy storage system Active CN109510509B (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113091943A (en) * 2021-04-13 2021-07-09 浙江大学 Structure temperature self-monitoring system based on chiral structure shape memory polymer

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3839714B2 (en) * 2001-12-14 2006-11-01 東京瓦斯株式会社 Heat source selection method for heat exchange system
CN105164410A (en) * 2013-03-15 2015-12-16 Spx公司 Thermoelectric generator

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3839714B2 (en) * 2001-12-14 2006-11-01 東京瓦斯株式会社 Heat source selection method for heat exchange system
CN105164410A (en) * 2013-03-15 2015-12-16 Spx公司 Thermoelectric generator

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113091943A (en) * 2021-04-13 2021-07-09 浙江大学 Structure temperature self-monitoring system based on chiral structure shape memory polymer
CN113091943B (en) * 2021-04-13 2022-04-05 浙江大学 Structure temperature self-monitoring system based on chiral structure shape memory polymer
WO2022218047A1 (en) * 2021-04-13 2022-10-20 浙江大学 Structure temperature self-monitoring system based on chiral structured shape memory polymer

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