A kind of exhaust system and battery energy storage system
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of energy recoveries to utilize technical field, in particular to is recycled the one of power generation to waste heat
Kind exhaust system and battery energy storage system.
Background technique
With the propulsion of national energy conservation and emission reduction policy, high energy-consuming industry and the attention that energy conservation is equipped by enterprise and technology utilizes
Degree is deeper and deeper.Government should actively implement energy-saving and environment-friendly every preferential policy, increase to enterprise's low temperature heat project
Finance support.Although existing energy storage scheme plays very big effect in the Waste Heat Reuse of a variety of different high quality,
But the energy storage scheme of high temperature waste hot be to low temperature it is not applicable, economic value cannot be generated.
The low-temperature waste heat that integrated mill and enterprise generate at present can be recycled by some low-temperature electricity-generating units.This
Whole generating efficiency can be improved in a little units.But Chinese overall energy efficiency only has 33% or so.However still have 2/3rds
The energy energy in the industrial production by directly clap walk to slattern.Even if existing technology can recycle low-temperature waste heat,
But due at high cost, it is grid-connected difficult the problems such as.Practical application rate is also low considerable.It is low in especially non-large-scaled industrial environment
The utilization rate of warm waste heat is very low, industrial area large scale equipment no matter from cost and the noise etc. generated to environment, all do not conform to
Appropriate to the occasion.
At present to the utilization method of low-temperature waste heat, such as UC Berkley Materials Science and Engineering associate professor
The team of Lane Martin leader uses distinct methods now, and waste heat can be collected and be converted during heat to electricity conversion by developing
At the nanometer material film of electric power.Existing record is all refreshed in vitro energy density and power density.But
It will receive the limitation of temperature during practical application, or just generate ideal effect within a certain range.
Therefore relative to industrial area, the non-industry such as Office Area or large-scale data center of electronic equipment Relatively centralized
Area, the generation and waste of low-temperature waste heat are also very serious, however this is that many people ignore place.For these users and industry
Person, the waste of these energy will directly generate the operating cost of great number.Distributed clean energy resource-energy storage-block chain technology
In conjunction with the direction for being future source of energy development.Can only there is new energy by battery energy storage, existing method at present passes through memory
Material generates electricity again after generating the equipment energy storage of deformation band hydrodynamic pressure, all can generation efficiency loss between energy conversion.And battery stores up
The cost of energy is higher than traditional water-storage.If energy storage device is uneconomical practical, one will be to the promotion of new energy
A huge obstruction.Therefore this urgently develops a kind of Waste Heat Recovery that can efficiently use low-temperature waste heat and economical and practical and utilizes
Technology.
Inventive technique content
The present invention is intended to provide a kind of structure is simple, a kind of exhaust system and battery of economic convenient and practical effective use
Energy-storage system.
One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a kind of exhaust system, including device noumenon, described device ontology packets
Heat transfer zone and power generation area are included, the heat transfer zone includes a gas by space, and the shape-memory material is disposed through described
Heat transfer zone and institute's power generation area, the piezoelectric material are set to the power generation area, the shape-memory material and the piezoelectric material
It is both secured in drive coupling, shape-memory material generates deformation in heated and cooling process, by the shape memory material
The pressure that the deformation of material generates drives piezoelectric material to produce electricl energy by the drive coupling, wherein the shape-memory material
For shape memory metal or marmem, the piezoelectric material is piezoelectric ceramics, piezoelectricity ferro material, piezo-polymeric
The rear several combinations of one of object, piezo-electricity composite material are made.
Further, exhaust system of the invention is provided with for placing the shape in the drive coupling
The first passage of memory material, and the second channel for placing the piezoelectric material, the first passage and described second lead to
Road is connected and in 90 degree of angle.
Further, exhaust system of the invention, the piezoelectric material parallel interval are provided with multiple groups, carry out multiple spot
Linkage power generation.
Further, exhaust system of the invention, the heat transfer zone control hot gas flowing by exhaust gas heat source, pass through
Air at room temperature cools down, and is passed through by control gas and makes shape-memory material in heated and cooling process around heat transfer zone
Deformation is generated, and drives piezoelectric ceramics to generate electric current by drive coupling.
Further, exhaust system of the invention, the piezoelectric material are piezoelectric ceramics, the shape-memory material
For marmem.Preferably niti-shaped memorial alloy.
Further, exhaust system of the invention is provided with thermal insulation layer between power generation area described in the heat transfer zone, institute
The material of thermal insulation layer is stated as insulation graphite material.
Further, exhaust system of the invention, the exhaust system are provided with multiple groups, discharge along exhaust gas
Direction is distributed.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of battery energy storage systems, including waste heat collecting apparatus, for collecting packet
Exhaust gas containing low-temperature waste heat;Exhaust system, for the thermal energy in waste heat to be converted to shape memory by memory material
The deformation acting of memory material is converted to electric energy by piezoelectric material by the deformation of material;Electrical energy changer is used for piezoelectricity
The electric energy of power generator conversion carries out recycling and restoring transformation;Energy storage device is recycled and is gone back through electrical energy changer for storing
Former transformed electric energy, wherein the exhaust system is any of the above-described exhaust system.
Further, battery energy storage system of the invention, the energy storage device are battery container.
Further, battery energy storage system of the invention, the battery of the battery container are recycling battery.
The utility model has the advantages that exhaust system structure of the invention is simple, and it is economical convenient and practical, it distributed can extend, it can
Waste heat in effective use exhaust gas generates electricity, utilization particularly suitable for non-industrial low-temperature waste heat.Utilize shape-memory material
Double-pass memory effect reheats the original condition before being restored to deformation to pressure after lower than the plastic deformation under phase transition temperature
Electric material is done work and converts thermal energy into electric energy.Because the reaction speed of piezoelectric material is quickly, and shape-memory material is anti-
Between seasonable and the period of thermal cycle is long, so a large amount of work flower is reducing the nickel-titanium memory metal fever cycle operation period
On, energy conversion efficiency can be greatlyd improve in this way.And the deformation that buckling needs is not than being especially greatly, so memory metal
Deformation all in the linear range.So that the control that thermal energy carries out electric energy conversion is more accurate.This current Analysis of Nested Design scheme is
Utilization for exhaust gas.
Battery energy storage system of the invention pass through and battery container it is integrated, reduce it and generated electricity after energy storage again in the prior art
Process;The simplification of process directly increases the transfer efficiency of whole system.And the battery recycled by technical treatment
It is made into storage battery container, greatly reduces the expense of energy storage device.The present invention is by heat energy recycle and energy storage battery
Recycling combines, and greatly improves efficiency and economic value in the use aspects of low-temperature waste heat.With low cost, stablize
The strong feature of property, does not have any pollution to environment.Since the manufacturing cost of the equipment large scale equipment whole relative to other is cheap,
Because being modularization, the integrated level of module depends entirely on the waste heat scale of user.The memory metal deformation of Patent design
Range be all strict controlled in existing deformation range, so the service life of main component can continue 20 years or more.And because
It is entirely to be pushed by heating power for moving component component, so will not generation environment noise.Part storage is formed with storage battery container
Energy system does not need to solve the problems, such as to network.
Detailed description of the invention
The structural schematic diagram of Fig. 1, exhaust system of the invention.
The thermal strain curve of Fig. 2, shape-memory material.
Appended drawing reference: 1, (device noumenon) shell, 2, heat transfer zone, 3, power generation area, 4, shape-memory material, 5, transmission company
Connect device, 6, piezoelectric material, 7, insulation graphite material.
Specific embodiment
Exhaust system is most important a part in entire battery energy storage system.With reference to the accompanying drawings of the specification to this
Exhaust system is described in detail in invention.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, a kind of exhaust system of the invention, including device noumenon, described device ontology include changing
Hot-zone 2 and power generation area 3, the heat transfer zone 2 include a gas by space, and the shape-memory material 4 is disposed through described
Heat transfer zone 2 and institute's power generation area 3, the piezoelectric material 6 are set to the power generation area 3, the shape-memory material 4 and the piezoelectricity
Material is both secured in drive coupling 5, and shape-memory material 4 generates deformation in heated and cooling process, by the shape
The pressure that the deformation of memory material 4 generates drives piezoelectric material to produce electricl energy by the drive coupling 5, wherein the shape
Memory material 4 be shape memory metal or marmem, the piezoelectric material 6 be piezoelectric ceramics, piezoelectricity ferro material,
The rear several combinations of one of piezopolymer, piezo-electricity composite material are made.
Further, exhaust system of the invention is provided with for placing the shape in the drive coupling 5
The first passage of memory material 4, and the second channel for placing the piezoelectric material 6, the first passage and described second
Channel is connected and in 90 degree of angle.
Further, exhaust system of the invention, the piezoelectric material parallel interval are provided with multiple groups, carry out multiple spot
Linkage power generation.
Further, exhaust system of the invention, the heat transfer zone 2 control hot gas flowing by exhaust gas heat source, lead to
It crosses air at room temperature to cool down, be passed through by control gas and makes shape-memory material 4 heated and cooling around heat transfer zone 2
Process generates deformation, and drives piezoelectric ceramics to generate electric current by drive coupling 5.
Further, exhaust system of the invention, the piezoelectric material are piezoelectric ceramics, the shape-memory material
4 be marmem.Preferably niti-shaped memorial alloy.
Further, exhaust system of the invention is provided with thermal insulation layer between power generation area 3 described in the heat transfer zone 2,
The material of the thermal insulation layer is insulation graphite material 7.
Further, exhaust system of the invention, the exhaust system are provided with multiple groups, discharge along exhaust gas
Direction is distributed.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of battery energy storage systems, including waste heat collecting apparatus, for collecting packet
Exhaust gas containing low-temperature waste heat;Exhaust system, for the thermal energy in waste heat to be converted to shape memory by memory material
The deformation acting of memory material is converted to electric energy by piezoelectric material 6 by the deformation of material 4;Electrical energy changer, for that will press
The electric energy of electric power generator conversion carries out recycling and restoring transformation;Energy storage device, for store through electrical energy changer recycling and
Electric energy after restoring transformation, wherein the exhaust system is any of the above-described exhaust system.
Further, battery energy storage system of the invention, the energy storage device are battery container.
Further, battery energy storage system of the invention, the battery of the battery container are recycling battery.
As shown in Fig. 2, shape-memory material 4 is compared with other materials common metal, elastic material, due to shape memory
Material 4 ((shape memory metal or marmem, preferably niti-shaped memorial alloy)) has double-pass memory effect, is adding
Restore high-temperature-phase shape when hot, replys low-temperature phase shape when cooling again.Advantage compared with the original parts such as motor clearly,
Structure is also very simple, by the direct output displacement of thermoelasticity phase transformation and power of shape-memory material 4, without driver
Structure.Biggest advantage is pollution-free and noise, can be worked in the state of not generating friction and noise.And by multiple
After circulation, ess-strain performance will be settled out.The preferred piezoelectric ceramics of piezoelectric material 6, and piezoelectricity best at present
The braking of ceramic material, which is strained, improves 6 times or so than most traditional piezoelectric ceramics performance.Wherein the piezoelectric material 6 is preferably
Marmem, especially niti-shaped memorial alloy, it is advantageous that the marmem work done of unit mass
Ratio it is very big.Wherein pass through the optimum choice of niti-shaped memorial alloy and piezoelectric ceramics, so that the performance of braking strain is more
Adjunction is close, can control the thermoelectric cycle time very well, and generating efficiency has been reached maximization.
Exhaust system includes device noumenon, and device noumenon is divided into two major parts, and top is divided into heat transfer zone 2,
Namely shape-memory material 4(preferable shape memory metal or marmem, more preferable niti-shaped memorial alloy below with
It is illustrated for shape memory metal) phase change zone, lower part is divided into power generation area 3 namely piezoelectric ceramics and piezoelectric material is (excellent
Select piezoelectric ceramics) and shape-memory material 4 and drive coupling 5 drive area.Heat transfer zone 2 controls thermal current by exhaust gas heat source
It is dynamic, cooled down using air at room temperature.Passed through by controlling gas and make shape-memory material 4 heated around heat transfer zone 2 and
The deformation that cooling process generates drives piezoelectric ceramics to generate electric current by drive coupling 5.The electric current of generation is adjusted storage
It is stored to energy storage device.Whole device and system can expand and reduce according to the use demand of user.
The optimization of heat transfer zone 2 includes two parts, and a part is that insulation is carried out in heat transfer zone 2 and power generation area 3, is prevented because dissipating
Heat causes the energy loss of system and the normal transmission of interference.Another part passes through control 2 shape-memory material 4 of heat transfer zone
Heating and cooling cycle and rate of deformation, heating and the cold-zone period of hot-fluid are controlled to realize that power generation maximizes, so that shape
The rate of deformation of shape memory material 4 is optimal, to realize that power generation maximizes.Piezoelectric ceramics group can be according to the system of waste heat
Characteristic is adjusted.Exhaust system and battery energy storage system of the invention can be set to multiple groups, along exhaust gas discharge side
To being distributed, as long as temperature meets the requirements the target for reaching predetermined electric power storage.
Shape-memory material 4 and drive coupling 5 are fixed using physical method, and the two is completely isolated, are passed through
Drive coupling 5 carries out transition connection so that sensing element is adequately protected, and is passing through finite element and hydrodynamics
After sunykatuib analysis, property heat cycle of Transient Heat Transfer and material properties detailed analysis is done into, but also energy conversion reaches most
Good value, it is more more easy to operate than welding needing to replace.Improved method increases the stability of operation, reduces and adds
The cost of work.
The combination of shape-memory material 4 and piezoelectric ceramics group and its kind of drive are prominent at once three aspects:
In a first aspect, avoiding the composite plate shape that shape-memory material 4 and piezoelectric material are all formed into interlayer in traditional fixation
The numerical value of formula bring design current output is smaller, with regard to inadequate problem for towards waste heat energy storage.The present invention uses
The braking strain of shape-memory material 4 is greater than the performance of piezoelectric ceramics, and piezoelectric ceramics is made into the form of module, passes through connection in this way
Dynamic device can be generated electricity with multiple spot, Lai Zengjia generated energy.The design takes simplest linear shape-memory material 4, this is in life
Production and the requirement of technique and cost all reduce.
Second aspect, the mode for avoiding shape-memory material 4 and piezoelectric ceramics binding traditional in traditional fixation make
Both it is exposed in exhaust environment, the vapor or other corrosivity since the chemical component of exhaust gas is very complicated, in exhaust gas
Gas is the problem of the process that temperature reduces can cause very big damage to workpiece.
The third aspect, avoiding traditional welding manner can be because the complexity bring of 4 ingredient of shape-memory material exists
There is the case where fatigue and fracture in pad, right since the welding between different shape memory material 4 has very big challenge
Just seem for this special material of shape-memory material 4 and be even more important, especially this component will carry out up to a million times
Heating and get the thermal cycle of volume.Although the method for welding simplifies production stage, but performance does not ensure that.System
Stablize and operating is to guarantee an Eco-power key factor in the range of design.