CN109505591B - Method and system for determining permeability limit of unfilled karst cave of fracture-cavity oil reservoir - Google Patents
Method and system for determining permeability limit of unfilled karst cave of fracture-cavity oil reservoir Download PDFInfo
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- CN109505591B CN109505591B CN201710823548.XA CN201710823548A CN109505591B CN 109505591 B CN109505591 B CN 109505591B CN 201710823548 A CN201710823548 A CN 201710823548A CN 109505591 B CN109505591 B CN 109505591B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/10—Locating fluid leaks, intrusions or movements
Abstract
The method for determining the permeability limit of the unfilled karst cave of the fractured-vuggy reservoir comprises the following steps: acquiring a seepage velocity based on the density, the water density and the viscosity of the crude oil; realizing oil-water separation and the seepage velocity on a longitudinal grid scale based on one report step time, and obtaining a flow scale; and (3) equating the flow scale to be a grid longitudinal scale, and obtaining a relation chart between the karst cave permeability limit and the longitudinal grid step length. The method determines the lower limit of the permeability of the unfilled karst cave by applying Darcy seepage theory, and provides a basis for three-dimensional geological modeling and numerical simulation of the fracture-cave reservoir.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of geological exploration, and particularly relates to a method and a system for determining a permeability limit of an unfilled karst cave of a fracture-cavity type oil reservoir.
Background
In a fracture-cavity numerical reservoir model, permeability is one of the most important attribute parameters characterizing a reservoir. The permeability of unfilled karst caves cannot obtain logging information for quantitative evaluation, and is not suitable for assignment of conventional correlation between porosity and permeability, so that the permeability is difficult to determine, and numerical simulation research of fracture-cavity oil reservoirs is restricted.
The fluid flow in the unfilled cavern is different from seepage in the porous medium, and has infinite flow guiding characteristics, so the permeability of the unfilled cavern is infinite, and the permeability is maximized during attribute modeling. However, fracture-cavity reservoirs are complex multiple media, and the permeability level difference between different media has a serious influence on the convergence and stability of the numerical simulation model solution, so that it is an important task to determine a permeability lower limit which can meet the numerical simulation calculation requirement and reflect the flow characteristics of unfilled karst caves.
The patent CN201310335496.3 discloses a method for acquiring a three-dimensional permeability field of a network-shaped fracture-cavity type oil reservoir, which relates to the problem of assignment of karst-cavity permeability. Wherein the formula of equivalent permeability is:
wherein:
is the equivalent permeability of the cavern medium; phi is the cavern porosity; and r is the radius of the karst cave pipeline.
By applying the patent method, the critical permeability value of the karst cave is 200D. When the numerical simulation of the actual unit of the fracture-cavity type oil reservoir is carried out, if the karst cave is assigned according to the value, the model convergence in the simulation calculation process is poor, and the operation speed is low, so that the simulation scale of the conventional numerical simulator is limited, and the application requirement of a mine field cannot be met. Therefore, it is highly desirable to determine a reasonable lower limit of unfilled cavern "permeability" that meets the requirements of large-scale numerical simulation applications.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method and a system for determining an unfilled karst cave permeability boundary of a fracture-cavity type oil reservoir, wherein the method for determining the unfilled karst cave permeability boundary of the fracture-cavity type oil reservoir is used for three-dimensional geological modeling of the fracture-cavity type oil reservoir and assignment of unfilled karst cave permeability attribute in numerical simulation, and the unfilled karst cave permeability lower limit is determined by applying Darcy seepage theory, so that a basis is provided for three-dimensional geological modeling and numerical simulation of the fracture-cavity type oil reservoir, the convergence and the stability of the numerical simulation model are further improved, and the large-scale numerical simulation requirement of the fracture-cavity type oil reservoir is met.
To achieve the above object, according to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for determining an unfilled cavern permeability boundary of a fractured-vuggy reservoir, the method comprising:
acquiring a seepage velocity based on the density, the water density and the viscosity of the crude oil;
realizing oil-water separation and the seepage velocity on a longitudinal grid scale based on one report step time, and obtaining a flow scale;
and (3) equating the flow scale to be a grid longitudinal scale, and obtaining a relation chart between the karst cave permeability limit and the longitudinal grid step length.
According to another aspect of the invention there is provided a system for determining an unfilled cavern permeability boundary of a fractured-vuggy reservoir, the system comprising:
a memory storing computer-executable instructions;
a processor executing computer executable instructions in the memory to perform the steps of:
acquiring a seepage velocity based on the density, the water density and the viscosity of the crude oil;
oil-water separation and the seepage speed are realized on the basis of the longitudinal grid scale in one report step time, and a flow scale is obtained;
and (3) equating the flow scale to be a grid longitudinal scale, and obtaining a relation chart between the karst cave permeability limit and the longitudinal grid step length.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: and determining the lower limit of the permeability of the unfilled karst cave by applying Darcy seepage theory, providing a basis for three-dimensional geological modeling and numerical simulation of the fracture-cave oil reservoir, further improving the convergence and stability of the numerical simulation model solution, and meeting the large-scale numerical simulation requirement of the fracture-cave oil reservoir. Compared with the prior art, the method and the device have the advantages that the serious convergence problem caused by overlarge attribute difference is avoided, the calculation result is stable, the oil-water gravity difference state in the karst cave can be effectively represented, and the fracture-cavity type oil reservoir numerical simulation speed is greatly increased.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by describing in more detail exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the attached drawings, in which like reference numerals generally represent like parts throughout.
FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of a method of determining an unfilled cavern permeability boundary of a fractured-vuggy reservoir according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the rapid separation of oil and water phases according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 3 shows a plot of seepage velocity versus reservoir permeability according to one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 shows a chart of unfilled-cavern simulated permeability values according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of a reservoir distribution near a W-well according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 6 shows a schematic view of an unfilled cavern permeability property distribution according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 7 shows a schematic diagram of unfilled cavern water saturation distribution in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 shows a schematic diagram of a W-well water cut fit curve according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below. While the following describes preferred embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of a method of determining an unfilled cavern permeability boundary of a fractured-vuggy reservoir according to an embodiment of the invention. Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the rapid separation of oil and water phases according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 shows a plot of seepage velocity versus reservoir permeability according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 shows a chart of unfilled-cavern simulated permeability values according to an embodiment of the invention.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the method for determining the unfilled cavern permeability limit of a fractured-vuggy reservoir according to the invention comprises the following steps: acquiring a seepage velocity based on the density, the water density and the viscosity of the crude oil;
realizing oil-water separation and the seepage velocity on a longitudinal grid scale based on one report step time, and obtaining a flow scale;
and (3) equating the flow scale to be a grid longitudinal scale, and obtaining a relation chart between the karst cave permeability limit and the longitudinal grid step length.
The method for determining the permeability limit of the unfilled karst cave of the fracture-cavity oil reservoir determines the lower limit of the permeability of the unfilled karst cave by applying Darcy's seepage theory, provides a basis for three-dimensional geological modeling and numerical simulation of the fracture-cavity oil reservoir, further improves the convergence and stability of the numerical simulation model solution, and meets the large-scale numerical simulation requirement of the fracture-cavity oil reservoir.
The specific steps of the method for determining the permeability limit of unfilled caverns in a fractured-vuggy reservoir according to the invention are described in detail below.
In one example, the seepage velocity is obtained based on the crude oil density, water density, and crude oil viscosity.
In one example, the specific formula for obtaining the seepage velocity is:
wherein, Δ ρ: difference in density of oil and water phases; g: heavy loadA force acceleration; v. ofi: i-phase seepage velocity; k is a radical ofi: i-phase permeability; mu.si: phase i viscosity;
a pressure gradient.
In one example, a flow metric is obtained based on achieving oil-water separation and the seepage velocity on a vertical grid scale within one reporting step time.
In one example, the oil-water separation and the seepage velocity are realized on the basis of a longitudinal grid scale within one report step time, and the obtaining of the flow scale comprises the following steps: and realizing oil-water separation in one reporting step based on the longitudinal grid dimension, and acquiring the flow dimension of one time step, wherein the product of the maximum time step and the seepage velocity is the flow dimension.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the flow characteristic of the cavern cavity flow is represented by that under the condition that two phases of oil and water exist, oil and water at an oil-water junction are rapidly separated, and the gravity differentiation characteristic is obvious. Therefore, for numerical simulation of unfilled caverns, in a simulation time step, oil-water separation is realized by the longitudinal grid, and gravity differentiation simulation in the caverns can be realized, so that cave flow is simulated approximately. The characteristic of oil-water gravity difference in the unfilled karst cave is applied to a Darcy seepage model to obtain the lower limit of the unfilled karst cave permeability, so that the convergence and stability of the fracture-cave type reservoir numerical simulation are improved.
In one example, the flow scale is equivalent to a grid longitudinal scale, and a chart of the relationship between the karst cave permeability limit and the longitudinal grid step size is obtained.
In one example, equating the flow dimension to a grid longitudinal dimension, obtaining a map of the karst cave permeability boundary versus longitudinal grid step size comprises:
the flow scale is equivalent to the grid longitudinal scale, and permeability limits under different grid longitudinal scales are obtained;
and drawing curve plates of permeability limits under different grid longitudinal scales to obtain a plate of relation between the karst cave permeability limit and the longitudinal grid step length.
In one example, the method further comprises the step of determining the unfilled cavern permeability limit of the fractured-vuggy reservoir based on the relation chart of the cavern permeability limit and the longitudinal grid step size.
In this embodiment, a system for determining an unfilled cavern permeability boundary of a fractured-vuggy reservoir according to the present invention comprises:
a memory storing computer-executable instructions;
a processor executing computer executable instructions in the memory to perform the steps of:
acquiring a seepage velocity based on the density, the water density and the viscosity of the crude oil;
realizing oil-water separation and the seepage velocity on a longitudinal grid scale based on one report step time, and obtaining a flow scale;
and (3) equating the flow scale to be a grid longitudinal scale, and obtaining a relation chart between the karst cave permeability limit and the longitudinal grid step length.
In one example, the specific formula for obtaining the seepage velocity is:
in one example, the oil-water separation and the seepage velocity are realized on the basis of a longitudinal grid scale within one report step time, and the obtaining of the flow scale comprises the following steps: and realizing oil-water separation in one reporting step based on the longitudinal grid dimension, and acquiring the flow dimension of one time step, wherein the product of the maximum time step and the seepage velocity is the flow dimension.
In one example, equating the flow dimension to a grid longitudinal dimension, obtaining a map of the karst cave permeability boundary versus longitudinal grid step size comprises:
the flow scale is equivalent to the grid longitudinal scale, and permeability limits under different grid longitudinal scales are obtained;
and drawing curve plates of permeability limits under different grid longitudinal scales to obtain a plate of relation between the karst cave permeability limit and the longitudinal grid step length.
In one example, further comprising: and determining the unfilled karst cave permeability limit of the fracture-cavity type oil reservoir based on the relation chart of the karst cave permeability limit and the longitudinal grid step length.
Examples
FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of a reservoir distribution near a W-well according to one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 shows a schematic view of an unfilled cavern permeability property distribution according to an embodiment of the invention. FIG. 7 shows a schematic diagram of unfilled cavern water saturation distribution in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 shows a schematic diagram of a W-well water cut fit curve according to an embodiment of the invention.
As shown in fig. 5-8, taking a fracture-cavity reservoir single well model as an example, the model is 31 × 39 × 70, the total grid number is 8.4 ten thousand, the grid step length in the X, Y direction is 20m, and the grid step length in the Z direction is 3 m-5 m. The W well is positioned at the fracture intersection, the karst cave develops, the production interval is a karst cave reservoir stratum, the oil-water relationship in the karst cave has the characteristic of instantaneous differentiation, the waterless oil production period is longer, and the pore-gap cave distribution is shown in figure 4. The crude oil density in the oil reservoir is 900kg/m3Water density of 1000kg/m3The viscosity of the crude oil is 1cp, the step length of the longitudinal grid of the unfilled karst cave is 3m, the time step is 30d, and the lower limit value of the unfilled karst cave permeability can be obtained according to the following steps:
(1) and solving the fluid seepage velocity according to the Darcy seepage formula on the basis of the density of the crude oil, the density of water and the viscosity of the crude oil.
(2) And (3) realizing oil-water separation according to the longitudinal grid scale in the report step time, and solving the flow scale of a time step, namely the product of the seepage velocity and the maximum time step.
(3) And (3) equivalent the flow scale to the longitudinal scale of the grid to obtain a permeability boundary under the longitudinal scale of the grid, wherein the 3m grid is assigned with a permeability of 3.5D, and the 5m grid is assigned with a permeability of 5.8D.
(4) And respectively assigning the permeability attribute of the grids in the unfilled karst cave according to the longitudinal grid dimension, as shown in fig. 5.
The permeability limit of the unfilled karst cave is compared with the maximum permeability (200D), so that the problem of serious convergence caused by overlarge attribute difference is avoided, and the calculation result is stable. Through numerical simulation, the oil-water gravity difference state in the karst cave can be effectively represented (see fig. 6), the fitting degree of the obtained production condition and the production history is high (see fig. 7), the operation speed is reduced from 1213s to 733s in the single-well model simulation of the fracture-cave oil reservoir, the operation time is reduced by 40%, and the effectiveness of the method is verified.
Having described embodiments of the present invention, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the embodiments disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.
Claims (6)
1. A method of determining an unfilled cavern permeability boundary of a fractured-vuggy reservoir, the method comprising:
acquiring a seepage velocity based on the density, the water density and the viscosity of the crude oil;
realizing oil-water separation and the seepage velocity on a longitudinal grid scale based on one report step time, and obtaining a flow scale;
the flow scale is equivalent to a grid longitudinal scale, and a relation chart between a karst cave permeability limit and a longitudinal grid step length is obtained;
the specific formula for obtaining the seepage velocity is as follows:
wherein, Δ ρ: difference in density of oil and water phases; g: acceleration of gravity; v. ofi: i-phase seepage velocity; k is a radical ofi: i-phase permeability; mu.si: phase i viscosity;
a pressure gradient;
the oil-water separation and the seepage velocity are realized based on the longitudinal grid scale, and the flow scale acquisition comprises the following steps: and realizing oil-water separation on a longitudinal grid scale based on the time of one report step, and obtaining the flow scale of one time step, wherein the product of the maximum time step and the seepage speed is the flow scale.
2. The method for determining the unfilled cavern permeability boundary of a fractured-vuggy reservoir of claim 1, wherein the flow dimension is equivalent to a grid longitudinal dimension, and obtaining a chart of the relationship between the cavern permeability boundary and the longitudinal grid step size comprises:
the flow scale is equivalent to the grid longitudinal scale, and permeability limits under different grid longitudinal scales are obtained;
and drawing curve plates of permeability limits under different grid longitudinal scales to obtain a plate of relation between the karst cave permeability limit and the longitudinal grid step length.
3. The method of determining an unfilled cavern permeability boundary of a fractured-vuggy reservoir of claim 1, further comprising: and determining the unfilled karst cave permeability limit of the fracture-cavity type oil reservoir based on the relation chart of the karst cave permeability limit and the longitudinal grid step length.
4. A system for determining an unfilled cavern permeability boundary of a fractured-vuggy reservoir, the system comprising:
a memory storing computer-executable instructions;
a processor executing computer executable instructions in the memory to perform the steps of:
acquiring a seepage velocity based on the density, the water density and the viscosity of the crude oil;
oil-water separation and the seepage speed are realized on the basis of the longitudinal grid scale in one report step time, and a flow scale is obtained;
the flow scale is equivalent to a grid longitudinal scale, and a relation chart between a karst cave permeability limit and a longitudinal grid step length is obtained;
the specific formula for obtaining the seepage velocity is as follows:
wherein, Δ ρ: difference in density of oil and water phases; g: acceleration of gravity; v. ofi: i-phase seepage velocity; k is a radical ofi: i-phase permeability; mu.si: phase i viscosity;
a pressure gradient;
the oil-water separation and the seepage velocity are realized based on the longitudinal grid scale, and the flow scale acquisition comprises the following steps: and realizing oil-water separation on a longitudinal grid scale based on the time of one report step, and obtaining the flow scale of one time step, wherein the product of the maximum time step and the seepage speed is the flow scale.
5. The system of the unfilled cavern permeability boundary of a fixed-fracture-vuggy reservoir of claim 4, wherein the flow dimension is equivalent to a grid longitudinal dimension, and obtaining a chart of the relationship between the cavern permeability boundary and the longitudinal grid step size comprises:
the flow scale is equivalent to the grid longitudinal scale, and permeability limits under different grid longitudinal scales are obtained;
and drawing curve plates of permeability limits under different grid longitudinal scales to obtain a plate of relation between the karst cave permeability limit and the longitudinal grid step length.
6. The system of fixed-fracture-vug reservoir unfilled cavern permeability boundary of claim 4, further comprising: and determining the unfilled karst cave permeability limit of the fracture-cavity type oil reservoir based on the relation chart of the karst cave permeability limit and the longitudinal grid step length.
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