CN109504445A - Multiinjector dry powder gasification furnace - Google Patents
Multiinjector dry powder gasification furnace Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109504445A CN109504445A CN201811374861.0A CN201811374861A CN109504445A CN 109504445 A CN109504445 A CN 109504445A CN 201811374861 A CN201811374861 A CN 201811374861A CN 109504445 A CN109504445 A CN 109504445A
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- Prior art keywords
- vaporizer
- burner
- shell
- dry powder
- gasification furnace
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- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003250 coal slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009527 percussion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000596151 Iris domestica Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013517 stratification Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/86—Other features combined with waste-heat boilers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
- C10J2200/15—Details of feeding means
- C10J2200/152—Nozzles or lances for introducing gas, liquids or suspensions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/093—Coal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0959—Oxygen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0973—Water
- C10J2300/0976—Water as steam
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses multiinjector dry powder gasification furnaces, comprising: shell, overhead burner, side burner, radiation waste pot and deslagging pond, wherein forms vaporizer in shell, water-cooling wall is provided in vaporizer, the bottom crimp of shell forms vaporizer slag notch；Burner includes overhead burner and side burner, and overhead burner is arranged on the roof of shell and is suitable for vaporizer injection dried coal powder, oxygen and steam；Side burner is arranged on the side wall of shell and is suitable for vaporizer injection dried coal powder, oxygen and steam；Radiation waste pot is connected with vaporizer slag notch, and fin panel casing and multiple water-cooling screens are provided in radiation waste pot, and multiple water-cooling screens are uniformly distributed circumferentially and are connected respectively by fin with fin panel casing, has crude synthesis gas outlet on the lower sides of radiation waste pot；Deslagging pond is connected with the bottom of radiation waste pot, and the bottom in deslagging pond has slag-drip opening.Therefore, multiinjector dry powder gasification furnace of the invention has the advantages that coal dust high conversion rate and capacity usage ratio are high.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to gasification furnace fields, specifically, the present invention relates to multiinjector dry powder gasification furnaces.
Background technique
Currently, mature gasification of high-pressure pulverized coal technology can be divided into dry-coal feeding and water-coal-slurry charging from feeding manner.
Being mainly characterized by for dry-coal feeding is high compared to water-coal-slurry charging capacity usage ratio, and effectively Gas content is high in synthesis gas, and for
Low-quality, the coal of high ash melting point generally use dry-coal feeding mode.It is arranged further according to nozzle, gasification furnace is divided into single injector top
It sets and multi-jet gasification furnace.For the gasification furnace of single injector overhead, residence time of material is short, leads to the efficiency of carbon con version of gasification furnace
Low, multi nozzle of gasification furnace solves the problems, such as that the residence time is short, and can be easier to carry out enlargement.
Since air-current bed gasification process temperature reaches 1300 DEG C or more, gasification product contains a large amount of high-order sensible heat, if
Using traditional chilling process, the loss of energy will be caused, therefore gas will effectively be utilized using the gasification process of pot destroying process
Change the high-order sensible heat of product, improves energy utilization efficiency.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to solve at least some of the technical problems in related technologies.For this purpose, of the invention
One purpose is to propose a kind of multiinjector dry powder gasification furnace high with capacity usage ratio, fine coal efficiency of carbon con version is high.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the invention proposes a kind of multiinjector dry powder gasification furnace, realities according to the present invention
Example is applied, which includes:
Shell, the shell is interior to form vaporizer, and water-cooling wall is provided in the vaporizer, and the bottom of the vaporizer is received
Contracting forms vaporizer slag notch；
Overhead burner, the overhead burner are arranged on the roof of the shell and are suitable for spraying into the vaporizer dry
Fine coal, oxygen and steam；
Side burner, the side burner are arranged on the side wall of the shell and are suitable for spraying into the vaporizer dry
Fine coal, oxygen and steam；
Radiation waste pot, the radiation waste pot are connected with the vaporizer slag notch, are provided with membrane type in the radiation waste pot
Water-cooling wall and multiple water-cooling screens, the multiple water-cooling screen are uniformly distributed circumferentially and respectively by fin and the fin panel casings
It is connected, there is crude synthesis gas outlet on the lower sides of the radiation waste pot；
Deslagging pond, the deslagging pond are connected with the bottom of the radiation waste pot, and the bottom in the deslagging pond has slag-drip opening.
The multiinjector dry powder gasification furnace of the above embodiment of the present invention as a result, firstly, since in the roof and side wall of gasification furnace
On be respectively provided with overhead burner and side burner, and then can be simultaneously using overhead burner and side burner to vaporizer 110
Interior injection dried coal powder, oxygen and steam.Due to the positional relationship of overhead burner and side burner, the dry powder sprayed into can be made
Coal, oxygen and steam can be hit in vaporizer, improve the indoor percussion flow of gasification, increase dried coal powder and oxygen and
The mixed effect of steam so that dried coal powder can full combustion gasification, further increase the efficiency of carbon con version of dried coal powder.Separately
Outside, radiation waste pot is connected in the bottom of gasification furnace, further improves capacity usage ratio.
In addition, multiinjector dry powder gasification furnace according to the above embodiment of the present invention can also have following additional technology special
Sign:
In some embodiments of the invention, fire rod is provided in the overhead burner.
In some embodiments of the invention, the side burner includes at least two.
In some embodiments of the invention, the side burner is uniformly distributed circumferentially on the side wall of the shell.
In some embodiments of the invention, the side burner sprays in the horizontal direction.
In some embodiments of the invention, the vertical distance of the side burner and the overhead burner is 0.1-
0.5D, wherein D is the internal diameter of the shell.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of multiinjector dry powder gasification furnace according to an embodiment of the invention.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described below in detail, examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein from beginning to end
Same or similar label indicates same or similar element or element with the same or similar functions.Below with reference to attached
The embodiment of figure description is exemplary, it is intended to is used to explain the present invention, and is not considered as limiting the invention.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the invention proposes a kind of multiinjector dry powder gasification furnaces.Have below to the present invention
The multiinjector dry powder gasification furnace of body embodiment is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, the multiinjector dry powder gasification furnace of specific embodiment includes: shell 100, overhead burner according to the present invention
200, side burner 300, radiation waste pot 400 and deslagging pond 500.
Wherein, vaporizer 110 is formed in shell 100, is provided with water-cooling wall 120, the bottom of shell 100 in vaporizer 110
Contraction forms vaporizer slag notch 130；Overhead burner 200 is arranged on the roof of shell 100 and is suitable for spraying into vaporizer 110
Blackberry lily fine coal, oxygen and steam；Side burner 300 is arranged on the side wall of shell 100 and is suitable for spraying into vaporizer 110 dry
Fine coal, oxygen and steam；Radiation waste pot 400 is connected with vaporizer slag notch 130, is provided with film-type water-cooling in radiation waste pot 400
Wall 410 and multiple water-cooling screens 420, multiple water-cooling screens 420 are uniformly distributed circumferentially and respectively by fin and fin panel casings 410
It is connected, there is crude synthesis gas outlet 430 on the lower sides of radiation waste pot 400；The bottom in deslagging pond 500 and radiation waste pot 400
It is connected, the bottom in deslagging pond 500 has slag-drip opening 510.
The multiinjector dry powder gasification furnace of the above embodiment of the present invention as a result, firstly, since in the roof and side wall of gasification furnace
On be respectively provided with overhead burner 200 and side burner 300, and then overhead burner 200 and side burner 300 can be utilized simultaneously
Dried coal powder, oxygen and steam are sprayed into vaporizer 110.It, can due to the positional relationship of overhead burner 200 and side burner 300
So that the dried coal powder, oxygen and the steam that spray into can be hit in vaporizer, the indoor percussion flow of gasification is improved, is increased
The mixed effect of fine coal and oxygen and steam so that fine coal can full combustion gasification, further increase fine coal carbon turn
Rate.In addition, connecting radiation waste pot 400 in the bottom of vaporizer 110, capacity usage ratio is further improved.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, overhead burner 200 is arranged on the roof of shell 100 and is suitable for vaporizer
110 injection dried coal powders, oxygen and steam.Specifically, fire rod is provided in overhead burner 200.And then effectively realize igniting.
Preferably, side burner 300 includes at least two, and two side burners 300 or multiple side burners 300
Be arranged in the same level of shell 100, and circumferentially on be uniformly distributed.And then it can guarantee that the material sprayed into can have
Effect is hit, and is increased the mixed effect of fine coal and oxygen and steam, is improved the efficiency of carbon con version of fine coal.
Specific example according to the present invention, side burner 300 spray in the horizontal direction.And then the material sprayed into can be made
With biggish impact force, so that fine coal is adequately dispersed, reaches best mixed effect with oxygen and steam, improve fine coal
Efficiency of carbon con version.
The vertical distance H of specific example according to the present invention, side burner 300 and overhead burner 200 can be 0.1-
0.5D, D refer to the internal diameter of gasification furnace shell 100.Specifically, which can refer to side burner 300 and overhead burner 200
Jet exit center at distance in the distance range.Material is increased as a result, in the residence time of encephalic, is increased simultaneously
Turbulence intensity in furnace, keeps the material Combination preferable.
In addition, synthesis gas sensible heat can be recycled in time and effectively by the way that radiation waste pot 400 is arranged below gasification furnace, so that
Heat can be reused.Specifically, fin panel casing 410 and multiple water-cooling screens 420 are provided in radiation waste pot 400, it is more
A water-cooling screen 420 is uniformly distributed circumferentially and is connected respectively by fin with fin panel casing 410, the lower part of radiation waste pot 400
There is crude synthesis gas outlet 430 on side wall.Therefore, the synthesis gas generated in gasification furnace enters in radiation waste pot 400 to be arranged in downlink
Radiation heat transfer is carried out with fin panel casing 410 and multiple water-cooling screens 420 during out, and then it is aobvious effectively to recycle synthesis gas
Heat and simultaneously cool down to synthesis gas, and avoid dust stratification block up slag the problems such as.
Therefore the multiinjector dry powder gasification furnace of the above embodiment of the present invention is by being arranged overhead burner 200 on setting gasification furnace
Radiation waste pot 400 is connected with side burner 300 and in the bottom of vaporizer 110, not only significantly improves the carbon conversion of fine coal
Rate further improves capacity usage ratio.
In the description of this specification, reference term " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show
The description of example " or " some examples " etc. means specific features, structure, material or spy described in conjunction with this embodiment or example
Point is included at least one embodiment or example of the invention.In the present specification, schematic expression of the above terms are not
It must be directed to identical embodiment or example.Moreover, particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be any
It can be combined in any suitable manner in a or multiple embodiment or examples.In addition, without conflicting with each other, the technology of this field
The feature of different embodiments or examples described in this specification and different embodiments or examples can be combined by personnel
And combination.
Although the embodiments of the present invention has been shown and described above, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is example
Property, it is not considered as limiting the invention, those skilled in the art within the scope of the invention can be to above-mentioned
Embodiment is changed, modifies, replacement and variant.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of multiinjector dry powder gasification furnace characterized by comprising
Shell, the shell is interior to form vaporizer, is provided with water-cooling wall, the bottom crimp shape of the vaporizer in the vaporizer
At vaporizer slag notch；
Overhead burner, the overhead burner are arranged on the roof of the shell and are suitable for spraying dry powder into the vaporizer
Coal, oxygen and steam；
Side burner, the side burner are arranged on the side wall of the shell and are suitable for spraying dry powder into the vaporizer
Coal, oxygen and steam；
Radiation waste pot, the radiation waste pot are connected with the vaporizer slag notch, are provided with film-type water-cooling in the radiation waste pot
Wall and multiple water-cooling screens, the multiple water-cooling screen are uniformly distributed circumferentially and respectively by fin and the fin panel casing phases
Even, there is crude synthesis gas outlet on the lower sides of the radiation waste pot；
Deslagging pond, the deslagging pond are connected with the bottom of the radiation waste pot, and the bottom in the deslagging pond has slag-drip opening.
2. multiinjector dry powder gasification furnace according to claim 1, which is characterized in that be provided with igniting in the overhead burner
Stick.
3. multiinjector dry powder gasification furnace according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the side burner includes at least two
It is a.
4. multiinjector dry powder gasification furnace according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the side burner is in the shell
It is uniformly distributed circumferentially on side wall.
5. multiinjector dry powder gasification furnace according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the side burner sprays in the horizontal direction
It penetrates.
6. multiinjector dry powder gasification furnace according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the side burner and the overhead are burnt
The vertical distance of mouth is 0.1-0.5D, and wherein D is the internal diameter of the shell.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811374861.0A CN109504445A (en) | 2018-11-19 | 2018-11-19 | Multiinjector dry powder gasification furnace |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811374861.0A CN109504445A (en) | 2018-11-19 | 2018-11-19 | Multiinjector dry powder gasification furnace |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109504445A true CN109504445A (en) | 2019-03-22 |
Family
ID=65748990
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811374861.0A Pending CN109504445A (en) | 2018-11-19 | 2018-11-19 | Multiinjector dry powder gasification furnace |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109504445A (en) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106010654A (en) * | 2016-07-04 | 2016-10-12 | 马宏波 | Coal gasification system with heat recovering function |
| CN106190326A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2016-12-07 | 安徽科达洁能股份有限公司 | Coal gasification equipment |
| CN107033968A (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2017-08-11 | 清华大学煤燃烧工程研究中心 | Entrained flow bed gasification system and gasification process |
| CN108085062A (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2018-05-29 | 北京阳华科技有限公司 | A kind of total heat recovery coal gasifier device |
| US20180195015A1 (en) * | 2017-01-10 | 2018-07-12 | Beijing Qing Chuang Jin Hua Technology Co., Ltd. | Constant Liquid Level Gasification Furnace with Waste Boiler |
| CN209481578U (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-10-11 | 清华大学 | Multiinjector dry powder gasification furnace |
-
2018
- 2018-11-19 CN CN201811374861.0A patent/CN109504445A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107033968A (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2017-08-11 | 清华大学煤燃烧工程研究中心 | Entrained flow bed gasification system and gasification process |
| CN106010654A (en) * | 2016-07-04 | 2016-10-12 | 马宏波 | Coal gasification system with heat recovering function |
| CN106190326A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2016-12-07 | 安徽科达洁能股份有限公司 | Coal gasification equipment |
| US20180195015A1 (en) * | 2017-01-10 | 2018-07-12 | Beijing Qing Chuang Jin Hua Technology Co., Ltd. | Constant Liquid Level Gasification Furnace with Waste Boiler |
| CN108085062A (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2018-05-29 | 北京阳华科技有限公司 | A kind of total heat recovery coal gasifier device |
| CN209481578U (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-10-11 | 清华大学 | Multiinjector dry powder gasification furnace |
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Effective date of registration: 20190327 Address after: 100084 Tsinghua Yuan, Beijing, Haidian District Applicant after: TSINGHUA University Applicant after: SHANXI RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR CLEAN ENERGY, TSINGHUA University Address before: 030032 No. 10 Electronic Street, Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province Applicant before: SHANXI RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR CLEAN ENERGY, TSINGHUA University |
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