CN109500187B - Forming method of titanium alloy ultrathin spherical segment type part - Google Patents
Forming method of titanium alloy ultrathin spherical segment type part Download PDFInfo
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- CN109500187B CN109500187B CN201811567759.2A CN201811567759A CN109500187B CN 109500187 B CN109500187 B CN 109500187B CN 201811567759 A CN201811567759 A CN 201811567759A CN 109500187 B CN109500187 B CN 109500187B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/10—Stamping using yieldable or resilient pads
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/10—Die sets; Pillar guides
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for forming a titanium alloy ultrathin segment-type part. The method comprises the following steps: placing a titanium alloy sheet between a lower die and an upper die of a forming tool, wherein the lower die is of a hard metal structure with a segment-shaped groove, the segment-shaped groove is used for forming a hemispherical shell structure of a titanium alloy ultrathin segment-shaped part, the upper die is a medium-hard polyurethane soft die with a preset thickness, a step through hole is formed in the thickness direction of the upper die, and the step through hole is positioned right above the segment-shaped groove; stamping the upper die, wherein under the action of pressure, the titanium alloy sheet is attached to the upper die and deforms towards the lower die along with the upper die in a concave manner, and a hemispherical shell structure matched with the titanium alloy sheet is expanded in the segment-shaped groove of the lower die; and after the titanium alloy ultrathin spherical-segment-shaped part with the hemispherical shell structure is formed, releasing the pressure of the upper die and recovering the original state, taking out the formed titanium alloy ultrathin spherical-segment-shaped part from the lower die, and annealing the part.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of titanium alloy forming, in particular to a forming method of a titanium alloy ultrathin segment type part.
Background
The metal film box storage box is a new type spaceflight storage box, its material is titanium alloy material, the titanium part is extensively used in the field of aviation and spaceflight by its specific strength, corrosion-resisting and oxidation-resisting characteristics. The long-term storage of the propellant, particularly the oxidant, can be realized, and the long-term storage of the propellant, particularly the oxidant, has the characteristics of good sealing performance, long filling and storage period, stable mass center, no shaking, wide adaptability, capability of pressurizing by adopting hot combustion gas and the like.
The titanium alloy ultrathin spherical segment type part with the top capable of being turned is a metal membrane. The metal diaphragm is used as a key part in the metal diaphragm box storage box, the service life of the metal diaphragm directly influences the service life of the aircraft, the metal diaphragm is of an ultrathin hemispherical shell structure, the material is titanium alloy, the thickness of parts is only 0.15mm, and multiple times of overturning is required to be realized. When the fuel tank works, the metal diaphragm starts to turn over from the edge under the action of external air pressure, liquid fuel is extruded to be discharged, and driving force is provided for an external device.
For the titanium alloy high-performance segment type parts, the parts formed by the conventional forming method of the titanium alloy at present can not meet the requirements of the parts. The forming method of the parts is still in the exploration stage at present in China.
Currently, for such titanium alloy parts, the forming methods are mainly cold forming and hot forming. Because the titanium alloy is not easy to form and high in strength, the titanium alloy is stamped by adopting a cold forming method, and the titanium alloy has larger resilience in cold state forming and is easy to crack and wrinkle. The strength of the titanium alloy is reduced in the hot forming process by adopting a hot forming method, the performance requirements cannot be met through tests, the forming cost is high, the efficiency is low, the requirement of multiple turnover of parts cannot be met, and the probability of breakage in the turnover process is high. The parts formed by the conventional titanium alloy forming method cannot meet the requirements of the parts.
Therefore, the inventor provides a method for forming a titanium alloy ultrathin spherical segment type part.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for forming a titanium alloy ultrathin spherical-segment-shaped part, which solves the problems that a titanium alloy ultrathin spherical-segment-shaped part with high performance formed in the prior art is easy to wrinkle and crack and cannot meet the strength requirement.
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for forming a titanium alloy ultrathin segment type part, which comprises the following steps:
placing a titanium alloy sheet between a lower die and an upper die of a forming tool, wherein the lower die is of a hard metal structure with a segment-shaped groove, the segment-shaped groove is used for forming a hemispherical shell structure of a titanium alloy ultrathin segment-shaped part, the upper die is a medium-hard polyurethane soft die with a preset thickness, a step through hole is formed in the thickness direction of the upper die, and the step through hole is positioned right above the segment-shaped groove;
stamping the upper die, wherein under the action of pressure, the titanium alloy sheet is attached to the upper die and deforms towards the lower die along with the upper die in a concave manner, and a hemispherical shell structure matched with the titanium alloy sheet is expanded in the segment-shaped groove of the lower die;
and after the titanium alloy ultrathin spherical-segment-shaped part with the hemispherical shell structure is formed, releasing the pressure of the upper die and recovering the original state, taking out the formed titanium alloy ultrathin spherical-segment-shaped part from the lower die, and annealing the part.
Further, before the step of placing the titanium alloy sheet between the lower die and the upper die of the forming tool, graphite needs to be uniformly sprayed on two sides of the titanium alloy sheet for uniform lubrication in the forming process.
Further, the lower die and the buckling end face of the upper die are both planes, the center of the end face of the lower die is designed into a die groove of the segment-shaped groove, and correspondingly, the stepped through hole is formed in the center of the upper die.
Furthermore, the buckling end face of the upper die close to the lower side of the stepped hole is a small hole, and the buckling end face of the upper die far away from the stepped hole is a large hole.
Furthermore, the diameter of the big hole of the stepped hole is 2mm-16mm, and the diameter of the small hole is 0.3mm-2.5 mm.
Further, the upper die is made of polyurethane with the Shore 75 ~ 80 hardness, and the thickness ranges from 60mm ~ 80 mm.
Further, the thickness of the titanium alloy sheet is 0.1mm ~ 0.25.25 mm.
Further, the height of the titanium alloy ultrathin spherical segment type part is 15mm-40 mm.
In conclusion, the forming method of the titanium alloy ultrathin spherical-segment-shaped part provided by the invention designs the lower die and the upper die of the forming tool, the lower die adopts a hard metal structure with a spherical-segment-shaped groove as a female film, the upper die adopts a medium-hard polyurethane soft die as a male film, the titanium alloy thin plate is extruded through the soft die of the upper die, a titanium alloy ultrathin spherical structure matched with the lower die is formed in the spherical-segment-shaped groove of the lower die, the high-performance ultrathin spherical-segment-shaped part is formed, and the problems that the conventional cold forming is easy to crack and wrinkle are solved. In addition, the problem that deformation is easy to generate due to the retraction of the upper die after forming is solved by ventilating the stepped hole of the upper die. The method simplifies the die structure of the forming tool, has high yield, realizes the batch manufacturing of the ultrathin segment-shaped parts, effectively shortens the manufacturing period and reduces the production cost.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an ultra-thin segment type part.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of an application scenario in which the method of the embodiment of the present invention is employed.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples. The following detailed description of the embodiments and the accompanying drawings are provided to illustrate the principles of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, i.e., the invention is not limited to the embodiments described, but covers equivalent modifications, substitutions and improvements without departing from the spirit of the invention.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
The invention provides a forming method of a titanium alloy ultrathin spherical-segment-shaped part, aiming at solving the technical problem of forming the titanium alloy high-performance ultrathin spherical-segment-shaped part. As shown in fig. 2. Graphite is uniformly sprayed on the plate before forming, and a uniform lubricating effect is achieved in the forming process. The method and the tool are adopted to form the ultrathin titanium alloy plate, and the cracking and wrinkling generated in cold forming can be avoided. The traditional soft mold forming retraction can cause the deformation of the ultrathin spherical segment type part.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for forming an ultra-thin segment-spherical part made of titanium alloy, the method at least includes the following steps S110 ~, step S130:
step S110, place the titanium alloy sheet metal between the lower mould of shaping frock and last mould, the lower mould is the hard metal structure who has segmental groove, segmental groove is used for shaping the hemisphere shell structure of the ultra-thin segmental part of titanium alloy, go up the mould for having the soft mould of well hard polyurethane of predetermined thickness go up the thickness direction of mould and open there is the ladder through-hole, the ladder through-hole is located directly over segmental groove.
And step S120, stamping the upper die, wherein under the action of pressure, the titanium alloy thin plate is attached to the upper die and deforms towards the lower die along with the upper die in a concave mode, and a hemispherical shell structure matched with the upper die is formed in the segment-shaped groove of the lower die in an expanding mode.
And step S130, after the titanium alloy ultrathin spherical-segment-shaped part with the hemispherical shell structure is formed, releasing the pressure of the upper die and recovering the upper die to the original state, taking out the formed titanium alloy ultrathin spherical-segment-shaped part from the lower die, and annealing the part.
Before step S110, graphite is uniformly sprayed on both sides of the titanium alloy thin plate for uniform lubrication during the forming process.
The method is suitable for titanium alloy sheets with the thickness of 0.1mm ~ 0.25mm and is used for forming titanium alloy ultrathin spherical-segment type parts with the height of 15mm-40mm, wherein the diameter of a large hole of the stepped hole is 2mm-16mm, the diameter of a small hole is 0.3mm-2.5mm, polyurethane with the Shore 75 ~ 80 is adopted for the upper die, and the thickness range is 60mm ~ 80 mm.
It should be noted that the aperture of the stepped hole is related to the shape of the segment-shaped groove, and the corresponding segment-shaped groove profile is matched according to the machined segment-shaped part, i.e. the size of the hole is correspondingly adjusted according to the diameter of the machined segment-shaped part, the diameter range of the segment-shaped part is 100mm-300mm, and the method is suitable for the segment-shaped part, and the height range of the segment-shaped part is 0.3 times to 0.5 times of the diameter.
The polyurethane upper die is provided with the stepped holes as the air holes, so that the problem that the ultrathin spherical-segment-shaped part deforms when the soft die is formed and retracted can be effectively solved. The punching position of the stepped hole is the center of polyurethane. Through a turnover test, the metal membrane formed by the method shown in figure 1 can be turned for many times, and for ultrathin spherical segment type parts, the cracking and wrinkling prevention are ensured, the parts have high performance, the yield is ensured, the mold structure is simplified, the production cost is reduced, and the production period is shortened. The method can be particularly applied to the forming of titanium alloy ultrathin spherical-segment type parts.
The practical application of the invention in engineering is shown in the steps of the following examples:
1. manufacturing a forming tool according to the scheme, selecting medium-hardness polyurethane as an upper die of the forming tool, and adopting a solid structure of hard metal as a lower die;
2. uniformly spraying graphite on two sides of the titanium alloy sheet;
3. placing a titanium alloy sheet between an upper die and a lower die;
4. when the die is fixed on a stamping device, the stepped air holes above the polyurethane upper die cannot be blocked during fixing;
5. opening a stamping device, closing an upper die and a lower die when a punch press sliding block descends, forming a closed cavity by the upper die and the lower die, and then expanding the plate of the titanium alloy sheet into a part shape by the compression deformation of the lower die, wherein the pressure is about 30Mpa during stamping;
6. maintaining the pressure for about 10 s;
7. and (3) moving the punch slide block upwards, releasing the pressure of the upper die of the polyurethane to restore the original state, and gently taking out the molded ultrathin spherical-segment-shaped part from the spherical-segment-shaped groove of the lower die.
8. And annealing the part to improve the strength.
It should be noted that the upper mold/the lower mold in the present invention may be a structure composed of multiple blocks, or may be an integral structure, which is not limited in the present invention.
The foregoing is illustrative of the present application and is not limited to the specific steps and structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings. Also, a detailed description of known process techniques is omitted herein for the sake of brevity. Various modifications and alterations to this application will become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of this invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. A forming method of a titanium alloy ultrathin segment-type part is characterized by comprising the following steps:
placing a titanium alloy sheet between a lower die and an upper die of a forming tool, wherein the lower die is of a hard metal structure with a segment-shaped groove, the segment-shaped groove is used for forming a hemispherical shell structure of a titanium alloy ultrathin segment-shaped part, the upper die is a medium-hard polyurethane soft die with a preset thickness, a step through hole is formed in the thickness direction of the upper die, and the step through hole is positioned right above the segment-shaped groove;
stamping the upper die, wherein under the action of pressure, the titanium alloy sheet is attached to the upper die and deforms towards the lower die along with the upper die in a concave manner, and a hemispherical shell structure matched with the titanium alloy sheet is expanded in the segment-shaped groove of the lower die;
and after the titanium alloy ultrathin spherical-segment-shaped part with the hemispherical shell structure is formed, releasing the pressure of the upper die and recovering the original state, taking out the formed titanium alloy ultrathin spherical-segment-shaped part from the lower die, and annealing the part.
2. The method for forming the titanium alloy ultrathin segmental part according to claim 1, wherein before the step of placing the titanium alloy thin plate between the lower die and the upper die of the forming tool, graphite is sprayed uniformly on two sides of the titanium alloy thin plate for uniform lubrication in the forming process.
3. The method for forming a titanium alloy ultrathin spherical segment type part according to claim 1, wherein the buckling end surfaces of the lower die and the upper die are both flat surfaces, the center of the end surface of the lower die is designed into a die groove of a spherical segment type groove, and correspondingly, the stepped through hole is arranged at the center of the upper die.
4. The method for forming the titanium alloy ultrathin spherical segment type part according to claim 3, wherein the stepped hole of the upper die is small in size close to the buckling end face of the lower die, and large in size far from the buckling end face.
5. The method for forming the titanium alloy ultrathin spherical segment type part according to claim 4, wherein the diameter of a large hole of the stepped hole is 2mm to 16mm, and the diameter of a small hole is 0.3mm to 2.5 mm.
6. The method for forming the titanium alloy ultrathin spherical segment type part as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upper die is made of polyurethane with a Shore 75 ~ 80 hardness, and the thickness ranges from 60mm ~ 80 mm.
7. The method of forming a titanium alloy ultra-thin segment of a sphere according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the titanium alloy sheet is 0.1mm ~ 0.25.25 mm.
8. The method of forming a titanium alloy ultrathin spherical segment type part as recited in claim 1 or 7, wherein a height of the titanium alloy ultrathin spherical segment type part is 15mm to 40 mm.
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| CN201811567759.2A CN109500187B (en) | 2018-12-21 | 2018-12-21 | Forming method of titanium alloy ultrathin spherical segment type part |
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| CN201811567759.2A CN109500187B (en) | 2018-12-21 | 2018-12-21 | Forming method of titanium alloy ultrathin spherical segment type part |
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| CN109500187B true CN109500187B (en) | 2019-12-20 |
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| CN110788193B (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2021-04-13 | 威海林润新材料科技发展有限公司 | Controllable medium cold stamping forming process method and die structure thereof |
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| JP2002137020A (en) * | 2000-10-26 | 2002-05-14 | Fuji Industrial Co Ltd | Press-forming method and mold, movable flask member used for mold |
| CN103464605A (en) * | 2013-09-25 | 2013-12-25 | 常熟市金马模具有限公司 | Ultrathin mould |
| CN104175071A (en) * | 2014-07-24 | 2014-12-03 | 首都航天机械公司 | Hot forming method and die of complex titanium alloy cable cover seal head |
| CN105328001A (en) * | 2015-11-18 | 2016-02-17 | 沈阳黎明航空发动机(集团)有限责任公司 | Processing equipment for titanium alloy part with negative angle structure |
| CN105344790B (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2017-07-25 | 北京航星机器制造有限公司 | Aluminium alloy thin-walled dome head integral forming method |
| CN207839723U (en) * | 2018-02-07 | 2018-09-11 | 南昌航空大学 | A kind of multiple location local loading rubber pad forming device |
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