CN109494345B - Battery preparation method for improving safety performance of lithium ion battery and battery - Google Patents

Battery preparation method for improving safety performance of lithium ion battery and battery Download PDF

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CN109494345B
CN109494345B CN201811221891.8A CN201811221891A CN109494345B CN 109494345 B CN109494345 B CN 109494345B CN 201811221891 A CN201811221891 A CN 201811221891A CN 109494345 B CN109494345 B CN 109494345B
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battery
preparing
anode electrode
safety performance
lithium ion
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CN109494345A (en
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吴小兰
王光俊
张宏立
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Hefei Gotion High Tech Power Energy Co Ltd
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Hefei Guoxuan High Tech Power Energy Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
    • H01M4/0402—Methods of deposition of the material
    • H01M4/0404—Methods of deposition of the material by coating on electrode collectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
    • H01M10/0587—Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only wound construction elements, i.e. wound positive electrodes, wound negative electrodes and wound separators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
    • H01M4/66—Selection of materials
    • H01M4/665—Composites
    • H01M4/667—Composites in the form of layers, e.g. coatings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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Abstract

A battery preparation method for improving the safety performance of a lithium ion battery and the battery can improve the safety performance of a ternary material power storage battery. The method comprises the following steps: s100, preparing polydopamine emulsion; s200, uniformly coating the polydopamine emulsion on the surface of a copper foil, and then drying; s300, preparing anode electrode slurry and then uniformly coating the anode electrode slurry on the copper foil treated in the step S200 to form an anode electrode; s400, separating a cathode electrode and the anode electrode by using a diaphragm to form a battery roll core; and S500, preparing the square ternary battery by adopting the battery winding core obtained in the step S400. According to the invention, the surface of the cathode current collector is coated with a layer of polydopamine, so that the adhesive property of the cathode plate is improved, the flexibility of the pole piece is enhanced, and the phenomena of pole piece dislocation, pole piece breakage, material falling and the like caused by stress during puncturing and extrusion of the battery can be effectively improved. When the pole piece generates the phenomenon, the internal part of the battery is locally or globally short-circuited to generate overall thermal runaway.

Description

Battery preparation method for improving safety performance of lithium ion battery and battery
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of lithium battery manufacturing, in particular to a battery preparation method for improving the safety performance of a lithium ion battery and the battery.
Background
Due to the limited energy space design and the complex running condition of the electric vehicle, the ternary material power storage battery has higher requirements on the energy density, the power density, the temperature characteristic and the like of the storage battery, and has wide prospect in the application of the electric vehicle due to the advantages of the energy density, the power density and the temperature characteristic of the ternary material power storage battery. The existing ternary material power storage battery has a large promotion space in the aspects of energy density, power density and temperature characteristics, is a substitute product of the future vehicle power storage battery, and has good development and application values. The natural structure of the ternary material causes poor safety performance, the rapid application of the ternary material in the power market is limited, and domestic and foreign experts still do not fundamentally solve the safety problem of the product through means of modification, surface coating and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The battery preparation method for improving the safety performance of the lithium ion battery and the battery can improve the safety performance of the ternary material power storage battery.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a battery preparation method for improving the safety performance of a lithium ion battery comprises the following steps:
s100, preparing polydopamine emulsion;
s200, uniformly coating the polydopamine emulsion on the surface of a copper foil, and then drying;
s300, preparing anode electrode slurry and then uniformly coating the anode electrode slurry on the copper foil treated in the step S200 to form an anode electrode;
s400, separating a cathode electrode and the anode electrode by using a diaphragm to form a battery roll core;
and S500, preparing the battery by adopting the battery roll core obtained in the step S400.
Further, the step S100 specifically includes:
and (3) immersing the dried polystyrene powder into a Tris solution of dopamine hydrochloride, stirring at room temperature, and preparing a PDA microsphere solution, namely a polydopamine emulsion, after 36 hours.
Further, the step S100 specifically includes:
adding a dopamine solution into a prepared Tris buffer hydrochloride with the pH value of 8-8.5 and the concentration of 2.5g/L, and stirring at the temperature of 30 +/-5 ℃ for 20-36 h;
then adding polyethylene powder, and stirring for 36h at 25 +/-5 ℃ to obtain the PDA microsphere solution.
Further, drying at 60-90 ℃ is adopted in the step S200.
Further, the strength of the diaphragm in the step S400 is 120MPa to 160 MPa.
Further, the preparing the anode electrode slurry in the step S300 includes:
mixing the anode electrode active material with a conductive agent and a binder, and fully stirring and dispersing to form slurry.
Further, the anode electrode active material is one or more of natural graphite, artificial graphite, modified natural graphite, soft carbon, hard carbon, mesocarbon microbeads, polysilicon nanoparticles and silica microparticles.
Furthermore, the cathode active material adopted by the cathode electrode is Li (Ni (1-x-y) CoyMnx) O2, wherein x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1, and y is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1.
Further, the diaphragm in the step S400 is made of polyethylene with transverse and longitudinal strength of 120 MPa-160 MPa.
A battery prepared by any one of the above methods.
According to the technical scheme, the poly-dopamine coating layer is coated on the copper foil on the surface of the anode current collector, so that the bonding performance of the anode sheet is improved, the flexibility of the pole piece is enhanced, and the phenomena of pole piece dislocation, pole piece breakage, material falling and the like caused by stress can be effectively improved when the battery is punctured and extruded. When the pole piece generates the phenomenon, the internal part of the battery is locally or globally short-circuited to generate overall thermal runaway.
Meanwhile, the diaphragm has certain strength, so that the battery can be prevented from being torn under the action of external force, and the toughness and the shrinkage rate of the diaphragm are moderate due to the certain strength.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the process of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a battery manufacturing method for improving safety performance of a lithium ion battery, including the following steps:
s100, preparing polydopamine emulsion;
s200, uniformly coating the polydopamine emulsion on the surface of a copper foil, and then drying;
s300, preparing anode electrode slurry and then uniformly coating the anode electrode slurry on the copper foil treated in the step S200 to form an anode electrode;
s400, separating a cathode electrode and the anode electrode by using a diaphragm to form a battery roll core;
and S500, preparing the battery by adopting the battery roll core obtained in the step S400.
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the step S100 specifically includes:
adding a dopamine solution into a prepared Tris buffer hydrochloride with the pH value of 8-8.5 and the concentration of 2.5g/L, and stirring at the temperature of 30 +/-5 ℃ for 20-36 h;
then adding polyethylene powder, and stirring for 36h at 25 +/-5 ℃ to obtain the PDA microsphere solution. (ii) a
Drying at 60-90 ℃ in the step S200; on one hand, the moisture can be ensured to be gradually evaporated, and the copper foil is easily oxidized at the second overhigh temperature, so that the matrix is embrittled.
The strength of the diaphragm in the step S400 is 120-160 Mpa; the strength of the interval can ensure the extrusion passing rate without influencing the heating performance of the product.
The preparing of the anode electrode slurry in the step S300 includes: mixing the anode electrode active material with a conductive agent and a binder, and fully stirring and dispersing to form slurry.
The anode electrode active material is one or more of natural graphite, artificial graphite, modified natural graphite, soft carbon, hard carbon, mesocarbon microbeads, polycrystalline silicon nanoparticles and silicon oxide microparticles.
The cathode active material adopted by the cathode electrode is Li (Ni (1-x-y) CoyMnx) O2, wherein x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1, y is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1, and the capacity of the manufactured battery is 8-100 Ah.
The embodiment also provides a battery manufactured by the preparation method.
Specific application examples are as follows:
example 1
1. Li (Ni0.6Co0.2Mn0.2) O2 is taken as a cathode, artificial graphite is taken as an anode active substance, and a 1um polydopamine layer is coated on the surface of an anode current collector;
2. a separator made of polyethylene with a transverse, longitudinal strength of 140mpa was inserted between the anode and the cathode, and the cell was subsequently placed in a square aluminum housing, impregnated with Ethylene Carbonate (EC): dimethyl carbonate (DMC): ethyl Methyl Carbonate (EMC) 3:4:3 and 1.1M LiPF6 electrolyte to make a 40Ah prismatic aluminum can cell.
Comparative example 1
1. Li (Ni0.6Co0.2Mn0.2) O2 is taken as a cathode, and artificial graphite is taken as an anode active substance;
2. a separator made of polyethylene was interposed between the anode and the cathode, and then the cell was placed in a square aluminum case, impregnated with Ethylene Carbonate (EC): dimethyl carbonate (DMC): ethyl Methyl Carbonate (EMC) 3:4:3 and 1.1M LiPF6 electrolyte to make a 40Ah prismatic aluminum can cell.
Example 2
1. Taking Li (Ni0.7Co0.2Mn0.1) O2 as a cathode and natural graphite as an anode active substance, and coating a poly dopamine layer of 1.5um on the surface of an anode current collector;
2. a separator made of polyethylene with a transverse, longitudinal strength of 150mpa was inserted between the anode and the cathode, and the cell was subsequently placed in a square aluminum housing, impregnated with Ethylene Carbonate (EC): dimethyl carbonate (DMC): ethyl Methyl Carbonate (EMC) 3:4:3 and 1.15M LiPF6 electrolyte to make a 50Ah prismatic aluminum can cell.
Comparative example 2
1. Li (Ni0.7Co0.2Mn0.1) O2 is taken as a cathode, and natural graphite is taken as an anode active substance;
2. a separator made of polyethylene was interposed between the anode and the cathode, and then the cell was placed in a square aluminum case, impregnated with Ethylene Carbonate (EC): dimethyl carbonate (DMC): ethyl Methyl Carbonate (EMC) 3:4:3 and 1.15M LiPF6 electrolyte to make a 50Ah prismatic aluminum can cell.
Example 3
1. Li (Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1) O2 is used as a cathode, natural graphite is used as an anode active substance, and a 1.5um polydopamine layer is coated on the surface of an anode current collector;
2. a separator made of polyethylene with a transverse, longitudinal strength of 150mpa was inserted between the anode and the cathode, and the cell was subsequently placed in a square aluminum housing, impregnated with Ethylene Carbonate (EC): dimethyl carbonate (DMC): ethyl Methyl Carbonate (EMC) 3:4:3 and 1.15M LiPF6 electrolyte to make a 55Ah prismatic aluminum can cell.
Comparative example 3
1. Li (Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1) O2 is used as a cathode, and natural graphite is used as an anode active substance;
2. a separator made of polyethylene was interposed between the anode and the cathode, and then the cell was placed in a square aluminum case, impregnated with Ethylene Carbonate (EC): dimethyl carbonate (DMC): ethyl Methyl Carbonate (EMC) 3:4:3 and 1.15M LiPF6 electrolyte to make a 55Ah prismatic aluminum can cell.
The 3 examples and 3 comparative examples were subjected to the extrusion and needling tests, respectively, and the results are shown in table 1 below:
Figure GDA0002587809240000051
Figure GDA0002587809240000061
the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A battery preparation method for improving the safety performance of a lithium ion battery is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s100, preparing polydopamine emulsion;
s200, uniformly coating the polydopamine emulsion on the surface of a copper foil, and then drying at the temperature of 60-90 ℃;
s300, preparing anode electrode slurry and then uniformly coating the anode electrode slurry on the copper foil treated in the step S200 to form an anode electrode;
s400, separating the cathode electrode and the anode electrode by using a diaphragm to form a battery roll core, wherein the strength of the diaphragm is 120-160 Mpa;
s500, preparing a battery by adopting the battery roll core obtained in the step S400;
the step S100 specifically includes:
adding a dopamine solution into a prepared Tris buffer hydrochloride with the pH value of 8-8.5 and the concentration of 2.5g/L, and stirring at the temperature of 30 +/-5 ℃ for 20-36 h;
then adding dry polystyrene powder, and stirring for 36h at 25 +/-5 ℃ to prepare PDA microsphere solution, namely polydopamine emulsion.
2. The method for preparing a battery for improving the safety performance of a lithium ion battery according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the preparing of the anode electrode slurry in the step S300 includes:
mixing the anode electrode active material with a conductive agent and a binder, and fully stirring and dispersing to form slurry.
3. The method for preparing a battery for improving the safety performance of the lithium ion battery according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the anode electrode active material is one or more of natural graphite, artificial graphite, modified natural graphite, soft carbon, hard carbon, mesocarbon microbeads, polycrystalline silicon nanoparticles and silicon oxide microparticles.
4. The method for preparing a battery for improving the safety performance of a lithium ion battery according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the above-mentionedThe cathode active material adopted by the cathode electrode is Li (Ni (1-x-y) CoyMnx) O2Wherein x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1, and y is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1.
5. The method for preparing a battery for improving the safety performance of a lithium ion battery according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the diaphragm in the step S400 is made of polyethylene with transverse and longitudinal strength of 120 Mpa-160 Mpa.
6. A battery, characterized by: a battery prepared by the method of any one of claims 1-5.
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