CN109494339A - A kind of battery for preventing mechanical abuse from causing thermal runaway - Google Patents
A kind of battery for preventing mechanical abuse from causing thermal runaway Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109494339A CN109494339A CN201811336732.2A CN201811336732A CN109494339A CN 109494339 A CN109494339 A CN 109494339A CN 201811336732 A CN201811336732 A CN 201811336732A CN 109494339 A CN109494339 A CN 109494339A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- negative
- battery
- collector
- thermal runaway
- current collector
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 17
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001535 kindling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010412 perfusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
- H01M50/574—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current
- H01M50/579—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current in response to shock
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of battery for preventing mechanical abuse from causing thermal runaway.Positive pole ear and negative lug are located at the side of inside battery unit；The quantity of inside battery unit is N number of, each inside battery unit includes successively from top to bottom diaphragm, positive electrode, plus plate current-collecting body, positive electrode, diaphragm, negative electrode material, negative current collector, negative electrode material and diaphragm, and positive electrode, negative electrode material are respectively coated by the two sides of plus plate current-collecting body, negative current collector；It is respectively arranged with collector on plus plate current-collecting body and negative current collector and reserves piece, collector reserves piece and is used to electric current leading to positive pole ear and negative lug respectively, plus plate current-collecting body, negative current collector use symmetrical fragile structures, and the junction of collector junior unit is relatively fragile, so that battery is when by mechanical damage, collector is partially broken away from, and whole internal short-circuit is limited in and is destroyed in range, battery thermal runaway caused by mechanical damage can be effectively prevent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to battery research fields, more particularly to a kind of battery for preventing mechanical abuse from causing thermal runaway.
Background technique
Development has become the deterioration of alleviation current environment as the new-energy automobile of energy source using Vehicular dynamic battery and the energy is tight
Scarce important channel, high activity, the high circulation service life, high-energy density lithium-ion-power cell be pure electric automobile continual mileage
It brings brilliant and is obviously improved, but the even explosion of kindling caused by power battery thermal runaway simultaneously repeated, and threaten
A kind of effective thermal runaway means of defence is badly in need of in the safety of life and property of passenger, the industry application of electric car.
When single battery, battery modules or battery system will generate serious deformation when by mechanical impact, and then lead
The puncture of diaphragm is caused, battery internal short-circuit is caused.When internal short-circuit occurs, inside battery energy is released in moment, and then is caused
The accidents such as battery catches fire, burning even explosion.Since battery diaphragm is very fragile, tolerance of the battery for mechanical damage
It is very low, when battery by collide, needle pierces when, it is easy to trigger the thermal runaway of battery, and there is presently no effectively prevent machinery
The method for destroying the battery thermal runaway accident caused.
Although electrokinetic cell system will pass through stringent test before listing, such as: overcharging, is short-circuit, squeezing etc.,
It is that thermal runaway accident still remains.Meanwhile battery needle thorn and squeeze be also testing standard in be most difficult to by.
Currently, for mechanical damage cause thermal runaway accident prevention and means of defence mainly from the following aspects exhibition
It opens.First is that optimization battery box structure, increases battery case structural strength；Second is that strengthening battery cell structure, such as increase outside battery
Thickness of the shell；Third is that carrying out early warning etc. for the generation of thermal runaway in advance using prediction policy.
Method for strengthening battery box structure and monomer structure, will increase the total quality of battery case, is unfavorable for vehicle
Lightweight, moreover, battery case and single battery are also that can wreck, and thermal runaway accident can not be kept away when impact force is sufficiently large
Exempt from.For the method for early warning, the thing more fled from the time, and the generation of thermal runaway accident can not be changed can only be provided to passenger
It is real.Therefore, above method is all without fundamentally solving battery cell for the tolerance of mechanical damage.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of batteries for preventing mechanical abuse from causing thermal runaway, can effectively prevent mechanical damage
Caused battery thermal runaway.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides following schemes:
A kind of battery for preventing mechanical abuse from causing thermal runaway, the battery include: shell, positive pole ear, negative lug,
Inside battery unit and electrolyte；The positive pole ear and the negative lug are located at the side of the inside battery unit；Institute
State inside battery unit quantity be it is N number of, each inside battery unit successively includes diaphragm, positive electrode, just from top to bottom
Pole collector, positive electrode, diaphragm, negative electrode material, negative current collector, negative electrode material and diaphragm, it is the positive electrode, described negative
Pole material is respectively coated by the two sides of the plus plate current-collecting body, the negative current collector；The plus plate current-collecting body and the cathode
It is respectively arranged with collector on collector and reserves piece, the collector reserves piece for electric current to be led to the positive pole respectively
Ear and the negative lug, the plus plate current-collecting body and the negative current collector are all made of symmetrical fragile structures, and afflux
The junction of body junior unit is relatively fragile；The shell is set to the outside of multiple inside battery units fitted closely,
The electrolyte is perfused between each inside battery unit inside the housing before cell package.
Optionally, the plus plate current-collecting body, the negative current collector surface use engraved structure, the engraved structure filling
There are the positive electrode, the negative electrode material.
Optionally, the plus plate current-collecting body, the negative current collector surface use scoring structure, the scoring structure filling
There are the positive electrode, the negative electrode material.
Optionally, the shape of the engraved structure or scoring structure is arbitrarily variable.
Optionally, the engraved structure or the scoring structure divide the plus plate current-collecting body, the negative current collector
At several plus plate current-collecting body junior units, negative current collector junior unit；The collector reserves piece and the plus plate current-collecting body is small
Unit, the negative current collector junior unit are connected.
Optionally, it is fitted closely between each inside battery unit.
Optionally, inside battery unit number is determined according to capacitance and cell thickness.
Optionally, the plus plate current-collecting body and the negative current collector use the metal material with satisfactory electrical conductivity.
The specific embodiment provided according to the present invention, the invention discloses following technical effects: the present invention provides a kind of anti-
Only mechanical abuse causes the battery of thermal runaway, and wherein plus plate current-collecting body, negative current collector use symmetrical fragile structures, by
When mechanical damage, the current collector structure near breakdown point will be disengaged from plus plate current-collecting body, negative pole currect collecting phosphor bodies, to cut off destruction
Internal short-circuit electric current near point, prevents battery to be destroyed the extension of part thermal runaway.Therefore the battery in the present invention is by machine
When tool destroys, whole internal short-circuit can be limited in and be destroyed in range, internal short-circuit and heat without causing battery entirety
It is out of control.
Detailed description of the invention
It in order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, below will be to institute in embodiment
Attached drawing to be used is needed to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only some implementations of the invention
Example, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without any creative labor, can also be according to these attached drawings
Obtain other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is outside batteries structure chart in the present invention；
Fig. 2 is inside battery cellular construction three-view diagram in the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the partial enlarged view of Fig. 2 in the present invention；
Fig. 4 is inside battery cellular construction axonometric drawing in the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the partial enlarged view of Fig. 4 in the present invention；
Fig. 6 is battery plus plate current-collecting body structural schematic diagram in the present invention；
Fig. 7 is battery cathode current collector structure schematic diagram in the present invention；
Fig. 8 is principle of the invention figure；
Fig. 9 is a kind of schematic diagram of the collector embodiment with rectangular engraved structure in the present invention；
Figure 10 is a kind of schematic diagram of the collector embodiment with rectangular scoring structure in the present invention；
Figure 11 is a kind of schematic diagram of the collector embodiment with arc scoring structure in the present invention；
Figure 12 is a kind of schematic diagram of the collector embodiment with staggeredly engraved structure in the present invention；
Figure 13 is a kind of schematic diagram of the collector embodiment with staggeredly scoring structure in the present invention；
Figure 14 is a kind of schematic diagram of the collector embodiment with round scoring structure in the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of batteries for preventing mechanical abuse from causing thermal runaway, can effectively prevent mechanical damage
Caused battery thermal runaway.
In order to make the foregoing objectives, features and advantages of the present invention clearer and more comprehensible, with reference to the accompanying drawing and specific real
Applying mode, the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is outside batteries structure chart in the present invention；Fig. 2 is inside battery cellular construction three-view diagram in the present invention；Fig. 3 is
The partial enlarged view of Fig. 2 in the present invention；Fig. 4 is inside battery cellular construction axonometric drawing in the present invention；Fig. 5 is Fig. 4 in the present invention
Partial enlarged view；Fig. 6 is battery plus plate current-collecting body structural schematic diagram in the present invention；Fig. 7 is battery cathode afflux in the present invention
Body structural schematic diagram.As shown in figs. 1-7, a kind of battery for preventing mechanical abuse from causing thermal runaway, the battery includes: shell
101, positive pole ear 102, negative lug 103, inside battery unit 200 and electrolyte；The positive pole ear 102 and the cathode
Tab 103 is located at the side of the inside battery unit；The quantity of the inside battery unit be it is N number of, inside battery unit has
Regularly units alternately occurs, and each inside battery unit successively includes diaphragm 203, positive electrode 204, anode from top to bottom
Collector 206, positive electrode 204, diaphragm 203, negative electrode material 205, negative current collector 207, negative electrode material 205 and diaphragm 203,
The positive electrode 204, the negative electrode material 205 are respectively coated by the plus plate current-collecting body 206, the negative current collector 207
Two sides；It is respectively arranged with plus plate current-collecting body on the plus plate current-collecting body 206 and the negative current collector 207 and reserves 201 He of piece
Negative current collector reserves piece 202, and the collector reserves piece for electric current to be led to the positive pole ear 102 and described respectively
Negative lug 103, the plus plate current-collecting body 206 and the negative current collector 207 are all made of symmetrical fragile structures；By machine
When tool destroys, the current collector structure near breakdown point will be detached from together with positive electrode 204, negative electrode material 205 from battery main body,
To cut off the internal short-circuit electric current near breakdown point, battery is prevented to be destroyed the extension of part thermal runaway.Electricity with the structure
Whole internal short-circuit can be limited in and be destroyed in range, without causing battery when by mechanical damage by pond collector
Whole internal short-circuit and thermal runaway.
The shell 101 is set to the outside of multiple inside battery units fitted closely, and the electrolyte is in electricity
Before the encapsulation of pond between each inside battery unit of perfusion inside the housing.
Fig. 8 is principle of the invention figure.206-1 indicates that collector junior unit 1,206-2 indicate collector junior unit 2 in figure.
The plus plate current-collecting body 206,207 surface of the negative current collector are all made of engraved structure or scoring structure, described
Engraved structure is filled with the positive electrode 204, the negative electrode material 205.The shape of the engraved structure or scoring structure is
Arbitrarily variable, but it is to ensure that the structure and electric current handling capacity of battery entirety.In the base for not increasing cell thickness and weight
On plinth, the capacity of positive and negative anodes active material in single battery can be increased, to increase battery whole volume, improve the energy content of battery
Density.
The plus plate current-collecting body 206, the negative current collector 207 are divided by the engraved structure or the scoring structure
At several plus plate current-collecting body junior units, negative current collector junior unit；The collector reserves piece and the plus plate current-collecting body is small
Unit, the negative current collector junior unit are connected.Electric current can pass freely through each plus plate current-collecting body junior unit, negative pole currect collecting
Body junior unit.Fig. 9 is a kind of schematic diagram of the collector embodiment with rectangular engraved structure in the present invention；Figure 10 is the present invention
A kind of schematic diagram of middle collector embodiment with rectangular scoring structure；Figure 11 is a kind of with arc impression knot in the present invention
The schematic diagram of the collector embodiment of structure；Figure 12 is that a kind of collector embodiment with staggeredly engraved structure is shown in the present invention
It is intended to；Figure 13 is a kind of schematic diagram of the collector embodiment with staggeredly scoring structure in the present invention；Figure 14 is in the present invention
A kind of schematic diagram of the collector embodiment with round scoring structure.
It is fitted closely between each inside battery unit.
Inside battery unit number is determined according to capacitance and cell thickness.
The plus plate current-collecting body 206 and the negative current collector 207 are using the metal material with satisfactory electrical conductivity.
A kind of battery for preventing mechanical abuse from causing thermal runaway provided by the invention, wherein plus plate current-collecting body, negative pole currect collecting
Body uses symmetrical fragile structures, and the junction of collector junior unit is relatively fragile, when by mechanical damage, breakdown point
Neighbouring current collector structure will be disengaged from plus plate current-collecting body, negative pole currect collecting phosphor bodies, to cut off the internal short-circuit electricity near breakdown point
Stream, prevents battery to be destroyed the extension of part thermal runaway.Therefore the battery in the present invention, can will be whole when by mechanical damage
The internal short-circuit of body, which is limited in, to be destroyed in range, internal short-circuit and thermal runaway without causing battery entirety.Simultaneously as positive and negative
Pole collector uses hollow out or scoring structure, therefore, on the basis of not increasing cell thickness and weight, can increase monomer electricity
The capacity of positive and negative anodes active material in pond improves battery energy density to increase battery whole volume.
Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, the highlights of each of the examples are with other
The difference of embodiment, the same or similar parts in each embodiment may refer to each other.
Used herein a specific example illustrates the principle and implementation of the invention, and above embodiments are said
It is bright to be merely used to help understand system and its core concept of the invention；At the same time, for those skilled in the art, foundation
Thought of the invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application range.In conclusion the content of the present specification is not
It is interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of battery for preventing mechanical abuse from causing thermal runaway, which is characterized in that the battery include: shell, positive pole ear,
Negative lug, inside battery unit and electrolyte；The positive pole ear and the negative lug are located at the inside battery unit
Side；The quantity of the inside battery unit be it is N number of, each inside battery unit successively includes diaphragm, just from top to bottom
Pole material, plus plate current-collecting body, positive electrode, diaphragm, negative electrode material, negative current collector, negative electrode material and diaphragm, the anode material
Material, the negative electrode material are respectively coated by the two sides of the plus plate current-collecting body, the negative current collector；The plus plate current-collecting body and
It is respectively arranged with collector on the negative current collector and reserves piece, the collector reserves piece for electric current to be led to institute respectively
Positive pole ear and the negative lug are stated, the plus plate current-collecting body and the negative current collector are all made of symmetrical fragile structures,
And the junction of collector junior unit is relatively fragile；The shell is set to multiple inside battery units fitted closely
Outside, the electrolyte is perfused between each inside battery unit inside the housing before cell package.
2. the battery according to claim 1 for preventing mechanical abuse from causing thermal runaway, which is characterized in that the anode collection
Body, the negative current collector surface are all made of engraved structure, and the engraved structure is filled with the positive electrode, the cathode material
Material.
3. the battery according to claim 1 for preventing mechanical abuse from causing thermal runaway, which is characterized in that the anode collection
Body, the negative current collector surface use scoring structure, and the scoring structure is filled with the positive electrode, the cathode material
Material.
4. the battery according to claim 2 or 3 for preventing mechanical abuse from causing thermal runaway, which is characterized in that the hollow out
Structure or the shape of scoring structure are arbitrarily variable.
5. the battery according to claim 2 or 3 for preventing mechanical abuse from causing thermal runaway, which is characterized in that the hollow out
The plus plate current-collecting body, the negative current collector are divided into the small list of several plus plate current-collecting bodies by structure or the scoring structure
Member, negative current collector junior unit；The collector reserves piece and the plus plate current-collecting body junior unit, the small list of the negative current collector
Member is connected.
6. the battery according to claim 1 for preventing mechanical abuse from causing thermal runaway, which is characterized in that in each battery
It is fitted closely between portion's unit.
7. the battery according to claim 1 for preventing mechanical abuse from causing thermal runaway, which is characterized in that inside battery unit
Number is determined according to capacitance and cell thickness.
8. the battery according to claim 1 for preventing mechanical abuse from causing thermal runaway, which is characterized in that the anode collection
Body and the negative current collector use the metal material with satisfactory electrical conductivity.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811336732.2A CN109494339B (en) | 2018-11-12 | 2018-11-12 | Battery for preventing thermal runaway caused by mechanical abuse |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811336732.2A CN109494339B (en) | 2018-11-12 | 2018-11-12 | Battery for preventing thermal runaway caused by mechanical abuse |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109494339A true CN109494339A (en) | 2019-03-19 |
| CN109494339B CN109494339B (en) | 2024-04-16 |
Family
ID=65694150
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811336732.2A Active CN109494339B (en) | 2018-11-12 | 2018-11-12 | Battery for preventing thermal runaway caused by mechanical abuse |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109494339B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2022224872A1 (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2022-10-27 | パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 | Lithium secondary battery |
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| CN109494339B (en) | 2024-04-16 |
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