CN109493601B - A kind of bus branch line setting method - Google Patents

A kind of bus branch line setting method Download PDF

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CN109493601B
CN109493601B CN201811391730.3A CN201811391730A CN109493601B CN 109493601 B CN109493601 B CN 109493601B CN 201811391730 A CN201811391730 A CN 201811391730A CN 109493601 B CN109493601 B CN 109493601B
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隋毅
孙仁诚
邵峰晶
李淑静
王常颖
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Abstract

本发明属于智能交通系统技术领域，涉及一种公交支线的设置方法，用于城市公交线网优化和智能公交系统。具体设置方法按照以下步骤进行：(1)、采集乘客打卡的历史数据，(2)、采集公交线网的结构数据，(3)、乘客换乘人数的计算，(4)、换乘距离的计算，(5)、公交支线的设置，该方法通过分析记录在公交IC卡中乘客的出行轨迹信息，分析得出公交线网空白和服务不便的区域，给出公交支线的设置路线；二是本方法基于提取的乘客换乘行为特征发现公交盲区，操作简便，实用性较强，不仅可以实时监测乘客的换乘路径，还可以及时发现公交换乘不便利的线路；三是本方法设计新颖，计算效率高，实用性强，具有广阔的市场前景。

Figure 201811391730

The invention belongs to the technical field of intelligent transportation systems, and relates to a method for setting bus branch lines, which is used for urban bus line network optimization and intelligent bus systems. The specific setting method is carried out according to the following steps: (1), collect the historical data of passengers punching in, (2), collect the structural data of the bus network, (3), calculate the number of passengers transferring, (4), calculate the transfer distance Calculation, (5), setting of bus branch lines, this method analyzes the travel trajectory information of passengers recorded in the bus IC card, analyzes the blank and inconvenient areas of the bus line network, and gives the setting route of the bus branch line; the second is This method finds bus blind spots based on the extracted passenger transfer behavior characteristics, which is easy to operate and has strong practicability. It can not only monitor the transfer paths of passengers in real time, but also timely find the lines that are inconvenient for bus transfers. Third, the method is novel in design. , high computational efficiency, strong practicability, and has broad market prospects.

Figure 201811391730

Description

Bus branch line setting method
The technical field is as follows:
the invention belongs to the technical field of intelligent transportation systems, and relates to a method for setting bus branches, which is used for urban bus network optimization and an intelligent bus system.
Background art:
the public transport branch line (also called as 'community public transport') serves local areas such as residential communities and business areas, fills up the blank of a public transport network or an area with inconvenient service by being connected with public activity areas such as rail transit stations, transportation hubs and peripheral schools, community service centers, hospitals and shopping malls, meets the requirements of passenger transfer or living and commuting trips of residential communities and business areas, and mainly undertakes short-distance trips. At present, few researches on bus branch setting methods are carried out in China, and the existing research technology mainly adopts a qualitative analysis method to discuss the function, service condition and development mode of branch buses. The Dianthus superbus and the like put forward a planning principle and a method for arranging branch bus lines, but the given method has low operability; according to the method, whether a branch line is suitable to be set is judged according to road conditions in an area and traveling requirements of residents, but a manual investigation mode is adopted, so that the problem that research data is difficult to timely and effectively obtain exists; hui Ying et al discusses the passenger flow demand and the wiring network layout of the community bus based on the travel chain, but only gives the general principle of the community bus line setting; the Yuan-Hai Qin and the like propose that community buses and express line branch buses are fused from planning to operation level by analyzing the operation characteristics and current situation of the public buses in the Shanghai community, and provide improvement measures of the public buses in the Shanghai community; chengxian discusses the function positioning and operation characteristics of the community bus, deeply analyzes the travel demand characteristics of the community bus passengers, and provides an improvement suggestion of the community bus system.
The existing bus branch line research technology mainly provides a guiding principle of bus branch line setting, mostly discusses from a qualitative perspective, only a small amount of quantitative research is mainly based on manual investigation data, and the obtained data period is long and the quality is difficult to guarantee. Therefore, the method for setting the bus branches is provided, and the method analyzes and obtains the blank area and the service-inconvenient area of the bus network by analyzing and recording the travel track information of passengers in the bus IC card, and provides the setting route of the bus branches.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to provide a method for setting bus branches, aiming at the problems that the existing bus branch setting is mostly based on manual experience and qualitative analysis and lacks quantitative analysis and has poor practical operability.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the method for setting the bus branch lines according to the present invention is implemented by finding out the blank area and the area inconvenient for service of the bus line network by using the bus IC card data. The specific setting method comprises the following steps:
(1) collecting historical data of passenger card punching:
the method comprises the following steps of collecting historical data of boarding and card punching of passengers through a bus IC card system, wherein the historical data comprises a card punching record of each passenger: a line number, a line name, a card number, a transaction date and time, a transfer line number, and a transfer time;
(2) the structural data of the public transport network are collected:
collecting structural data of a public transport network, wherein the structural data of the network consists of a stop name, a stop number and stop longitude and latitude data of each public transport line;
(3) and calculating the passenger transfer number:
defining transfer as taking more than one bus line within a given time interval T (such as one hour), numbering the lines taken by passengers according to the taking sequence (starting from 1), recording one transfer as < x, y >, wherein x ≠ y, x, y ∈ N, grouping a first element x as a preorder line and a second element y as a post-order line, defining the transfer times of the passengers as the number of < x, y > within one hour, calculating the number of transfer persons by firstly grouping historical data taken by the passengers according to < x, y >, then counting the sum of the number of bars recorded in each group as the number of transfer persons, and placing the number of transfer persons in a set S, wherein the sum of the number of transfer persons is greater than the < x, y > of a given transfer person threshold T;
(4) calculating a transfer distance:
for each of the set S<x,y>Reading the bus stop sets of the preceding line x and the subsequent line y by using the structural data of the bus network, and respectively recording the bus stop sets as xs＝{x1,x2,…,xm},ys＝{y1,y2,…,ynIn which xi,yjCalculating for ith and jth stations of preceding line x and following line y
Figure GDA0002833856520000031
Wherein geo (x)i) As site xiGeographic coordinates (latitude and longitude), geo (y)j) As station yjDist is a function for calculating the linear distance between two longitude and latitude coordinates, min _ dist is the linear distance between two stations with the nearest distance between two lines, and the output is<x,y,min_dist(x,y)>Put into the set R;
(5) setting of bus branch line
Given a distance threshold T' for each of the set R<x,y,min_dist(x,y)>If min isdist(x,y)If the distance is more than T', a bus branch line should be built between the lines x and y, so that the transfer of the lines x and y is facilitated.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the method comprises the steps that firstly, aiming at the problems that the existing bus branch setting is mostly based on manual experience and qualitative analysis and lacks quantitative analysis and the actual operability is not strong, the method for setting the bus branches is provided, the method analyzes and records the travel track information of passengers in a bus IC card to obtain the blank area of a bus line network and the area with inconvenient service, and the setting route of the bus branches is given; secondly, the method discovers the bus blind area based on the extracted passenger transfer behavior characteristics, is simple and convenient to operate, has strong practicability, can monitor the transfer path of the passenger in real time, and can discover the inconvenient line of the bus transfer in time; thirdly, the method is novel in design, high in calculation efficiency, strong in practicability and wide in market prospect.
Description of the drawings:
fig. 1 is a 3-way and 1-way tunnel bus route diagram related to the invention.
Fig. 2 is a branch bus route diagram between 3 routes and 1 route of a tunnel according to the invention.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the invention is further illustrated by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
the bus branch setting method related to the embodiment is realized by the following technical scheme:
(1) collecting historical data of passenger card punching:
the method comprises the following steps of collecting historical data of boarding and card punching of passengers through a bus IC card system, wherein the historical data comprises a card punching record of each passenger: a line number, a line name, a card number, a transaction date and time, a transfer line number, and a transfer time;
(2) the structural data of the public transport network are collected:
collecting structural data of a public transport network, wherein the structural data of the network consists of a stop name, a stop number and stop longitude and latitude data of each public transport line;
(3) and calculating the passenger transfer number:
defining transfer as taking more than one bus line within a given time interval T (such as one hour), numbering the lines taken by passengers according to the taking sequence (starting from 1), recording one transfer as < x, y >, wherein x ≠ y, x, y ∈ N, grouping a first element x as a preorder line and a second element y as a post-order line, defining the transfer times of the passengers as the number of < x, y > within one hour, calculating the number of transfer persons by firstly grouping historical data taken by the passengers according to < x, y >, then counting the sum of the number of bars recorded in each group as the number of transfer persons, and placing the number of transfer persons in a set S, wherein the sum of the number of transfer persons is greater than the < x, y > of a given transfer person threshold T;
(4) calculating a transfer distance:
for each of the set S<x,y>Reading the bus stop sets of the preceding line x and the subsequent line y by using the structural data of the bus network, and respectively recording the bus stop sets as xs＝ {x1,x2,…,xm},ys＝{y1,y2,…,ynIn which xi,yjIs a preamble linex and the ith and jth sites of the subsequent line y, calculating
Figure GDA0002833856520000041
Wherein geo (x)i) As site xiGeographic coordinates (latitude and longitude), geo (y)j) As station yjDist is a function for calculating the linear distance between two longitude and latitude coordinates, min _ dist is the linear distance between two stations with the nearest distance between two lines, and the output is<x,y,min_dist(x,y)>Put into the set R;
(5) setting of bus branch line
Given a distance threshold T' for each of the set R<x,y,mindist(x,y)>If min isdist(x,y)If the distance is more than T', a bus branch line should be built between the lines x and y, so that the transfer of the lines x and y is facilitated.
Example 2
The embodiment uses the public transportation IC card data in Qingdao city to perform empirical analysis, and the data comes from the Qingdao public transportation group and the Qingdao transportation group. Wherein, the Qingdao public transportation group has 212 bus lines which are mainly distributed in four urban areas; the public transportation lines governed by the Qingdao transportation group are distributed in four urban areas and surrounding counties, so that all the lines of the public transportation group and 77 urban four-area lines (warm bus lines) of the Qingdao transportation group are selected for analysis. The time range of the data was from 13 days to 19 days in 3 months in 2017. Using the above algorithm steps, the threshold number of transfers T is set to 100, and the set S is obtained as shown in table 1, where the number of public stations is the number of stations shared by the two lines, and a number of public stations other than 0 indicates that the shortest distance between the two lines is 0. The more public stations, the more convenient passenger transfer; the preorder line and the posterior line with the common station number of 0 have no common station to transfer, and passengers can only transfer by walking.
TABLE 1 preorder and postorder lines for a transfer of more than 100 people
Figure GDA0002833856520000051
Figure GDA0002833856520000061
The line distance threshold T' is 1000 meters, and the structure after screening the set R is shown in table 2:
TABLE 2 lines with transfer number greater than 100 and line distance greater than 1000 m
Figure GDA0002833856520000062

Claims (1)

1.一种公交支线的设置方法，其特征在于具体设置方法按照以下步骤进行：1. the setting method of a bus branch line is characterized in that the concrete setting method is carried out according to the following steps: (1)、采集乘客打卡的历史数据：(1) Collect the historical data of passengers punching in: 采集通过公交车IC卡系统收集乘客上车打卡的历史数据，所述历史数据包括每一位乘客的一次打卡记录：线路编号、线路名称、卡号、交易日期和时间、换乘线路编号和换乘时间；Collection Collect the historical data of passengers boarding and punching through the bus IC card system, the historical data includes a punching record for each passenger: line number, line name, card number, transaction date and time, transfer line number and transfer time; (2)、采集公交线网的结构数据：(2) Collect the structural data of the bus network: 采集公交线网的结构数据，线网的结构数据由每条公交线路的站点名称、站点编号、站点经纬度数据构成；Collect the structural data of the bus line network, which consists of the station name, station number, and station latitude and longitude data of each bus line; (3)、乘客换乘人数的计算：(3) Calculation of the number of passengers transferring: 定义换乘为给定时间间隔t内乘坐了不止一种公交线路的行为，对乘客乘坐的线路按照乘坐顺序进行编号，一次换乘记为＜x，y＞，其中x≠y，x，y∈N，将第一元素x称为前序线路，第二元素y称为后序线路，定义乘客的换乘次数为一小时内＜x，y＞的数量，计算换乘人数的步骤是首先对乘客打卡的历史数据按照＜x，y＞分组，然后统计各分组中记录的条数之和作为换乘人数，对换乘人数之和大于给定换乘人数阈值T的＜x，y＞，将它们放置于集合S中；The transfer is defined as the behavior of taking more than one bus line within a given time interval t, and the lines taken by passengers are numbered according to the order of travel, and a transfer is recorded as <x, y>, where x≠y, x, y ∈ N, the first element x is called the pre-order line, and the second element y is called the post-order line, and the number of transfers of passengers is defined as the number of <x, y> in one hour. The steps to calculate the number of transfers are first. Group the historical data of passengers punched in according to <x, y>, and then count the sum of the records in each group as the number of transfers. , place them in the set S; (4)、换乘距离的计算：(4) Calculation of transfer distance: 对集合S中的每一个＜x，y＞，利用公交线网的结构数据读取前序线路x和后序线路y的公交站点集合，分别记为xs＝{x1，x2，…，xm}，ys＝{y1，y2，…，yn}，其中xi，yj为前序线路x和后序线路y的第i个和第j个站点，计算For each <x, y> in the set S, use the structure data of the bus network to read the bus stop sets of the pre-sequence line x and the post-sequence line y, and denote them as x s = {x 1 , x 2 , ... , x m }, y s = {y 1 , y 2 ,..., y n }, where x i , y j are the ith and jth stations of the pre-sequence line x and the post-sequence line y, calculate
Figure FDA0002816513860000011
Figure FDA0002816513860000011
 其中geo(xi)为站点xi的地理坐标，geo(yj)为站点yj的地理坐标，dist为计算两个经纬度坐标之间直线距离的函数，min_dist是两条线路间距离最近的两个站点间的直线距离，输出＜x，y，min_dist(x，y)＞置入集合R中；where geo(x i ) is the geographic coordinates of site xi , geo(y j ) is the geographic coordinates of site y j , dist is a function that calculates the straight-line distance between two latitude and longitude coordinates, and min_dist is the closest distance between two lines The straight-line distance between two stations, the output <x, y, min_dist(x, y)> is placed in the set R; (5)、公交支线的设置(5), the setting of bus branch line 给定距离阈值T′对集合R中的每一个＜x，y，min_dist(x，y)＞，如果mindist(x，y)＞T′，则应该在线路x，y之间建设一条公交支线，方便线路x，y的换乘。Given a distance threshold T' for each <x, y, min_dist(x, y)> in the set R, if min dist(x, y) >T', a bus should be built between lines x, y The branch line is convenient for the transfer of lines x and y.
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