CN1094911C - Process for the cold transmation of municipal refuses and/or sludge into inert materials, plant for carrying out said process and products obtained - Google Patents
Process for the cold transmation of municipal refuses and/or sludge into inert materials, plant for carrying out said process and products obtained Download PDFInfo
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- CN1094911C CN1094911C CN97182233A CN97182233A CN1094911C CN 1094911 C CN1094911 C CN 1094911C CN 97182233 A CN97182233 A CN 97182233A CN 97182233 A CN97182233 A CN 97182233A CN 1094911 C CN1094911 C CN 1094911C
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/78—Recycling of wood or furniture waste
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for converting urban solid waste mater materials (USR) and/or sludge in a cold state into inert substances. The method comprises the following steps: USR and/or sludge are fed from corresponding feeding pipelines; the materials are led in a disintegrator for reducing the granularity and recovering water contained in the materials; CaO in weight of 5 to 10% of that of the main components, CaCO3 in weight of 5 to 10% of that of the main components and polymer additives in weight of 3 to 10% of that of the main components are added; products are conveyed to the shaping step and the storage step. The present invention also relates to a device used for implementing the method and an obtained product.
Description
The present invention relates to municipal waste and/or mud is cold is converted into the method for inert substance and implements the device of this method and the product of gained.
As everyone knows, rubbish has remarkable influence to environment, though by normally expensive and and inadequate culture technique try hard to make above-mentioned environmental ecology unbalancedness minimum also like this.
WATER REPELLENT can not under any circumstance be guaranteed desirable seal, causes the seepage of anaerobically fermenting product and toxic products in the deep layer and diffusion and forms initial slug.
Although those skilled in the art are paid attention to, but these problems do not achieve a solution as yet, particularly (environmental degradation, atmospheric layer and water layer pollution, air-borne bacteria, rodent etc.) are all the more so aspect prediction and prevention relevant with the application of current municipal solid junk pile, current be particularly related to people for rubbish away from its living quarters, factory, park etc., promptly away from the requirement of living all places relevant with people.
It should be noted that high expense and the customer charge relevant with this type of facility.Should take into full account the management of land purchase, correlation engineering, personnel and machine.
In addition, for highway user, can not ignore the problem (100,000 transport trolleys every day approximately arranged) of USR from be sent to the transportation that transforms the station and be sent to final refuse tip subsequently with collecting.
If consider the average daily USR amount that produces of Italy, its quantity is extremely huge.
In fact, suppose 0.94kg/ day per capita, consider that population is 50,000,000, produce 47 average every day, and 000t/ day, it is about 770 to be equivalent to fine and close volume, 000m
3The waste material of/day.
Consider that mean thickness is about 5 meters fine and close waste material, estimate every day and will take about 150,000 square metres of ground, and supposition that should the zone recovers to need 10 years.
Current, a kind of alternative method of above-mentioned processing is to burn.Be associated with recovery of heat if burn, it is called as " thermal incineration device ".
Relevant in the presence of plastic substance, owing to having great amount of carbon dioxide to consume a large amount of oxygen and producing dioxin and under environmental influence, cause the imbalance of the ecosystem to offer a negation.
In addition, produce a large amount of sulfurous gas when known mud and municipal solid waste combustion, cause acid rain to increase, emission problem is under any circumstance all very remarkable and be difficult to handle thus, and cindery stacking also requires suitable slag field.
The basis of solution of the present invention is the viewpoint that waste material is converted into " elementary-secondary " material.
" elementary ": because its recovery enables to be used for new production cycle as the suitable material of realizing novel method.
" secondary ":, but, mean that its constitutes derelict certain waste material in the circulation that is suitable for preparing it is rendered to market as refuse because it is not to produce.
Municipal solid waste material (USR) comprises specific vendible type of goods, and its percentage composition can change among a small circle.
Above-mentioned vendible type of goods also is subjected to the influence of public's custom.
On average, USR comprises following classification: 1) dust and fine inert material-13%; 2) organism-27%; 3) timber and plant-3.5%; 4) paper and cardboard-25%; 5) plastics-10.5%; 6) glass and heavy inert material-5%; 7) fabric-4.5%; 8) ferrous material-2.5%; 9) washing machine, furniture, spring bedstead etc.-1%; 10) diaper and napkin-3%; 11) multiple non-classified article-5%.
As everyone knows, the recirculation idea is not set up any other solution, and just following article are selected and distinguish utilization again: glass, paper, the representative of some heavy metal (iron, aluminium) and some kind reasonably recirculation but since sorting charge with and the value of products obtained therefrom and the plastic article that do not have good economic interests.
Plastics can only be sent to and make the low value product, and glass should be according to color classification, and paper needs high regeneration expense etc.
With respect to USR,, but must not underestimate problem of environmental pollution and high water content (70/80%) and the high trucking costs of the consequent that they cause even the domestic sludge quality is lower.
Technology with other organism compost might obtain so-called high quality compost.
To the low demand of compost and market doubt this solution is a problem and really should not be as conventional solution very much.
The solution of first this class has been that the patent No. of submitting on April 9th, 1991, authorizing on July 15th, 1994 is to propose among 1,244,506 the disclosures in Italian patent application N ° of RM 91A000242.
In this imagination this method is improved to obtain more excellent net result.
The improvement to method for transformation of imagination makes it possible to utilize inert substance according to the present invention, make it to be used widely, even as unarguable " removal methods " of more attractive.
The contemplated technology according to the present invention is even be subjected to handling the seventies inspiration of the technology of radioactivity and toxic waste, also different with it at process aspect.This process using polymeric additive but not the mixture of aluminium-silicate compositions even described mixture has good inerting characteristics, also do not possess and can not guarantee the physical and mechanical property that solution of the present invention obtains.
Another characteristics of the technology of the present invention are to introduce a kind of polymeric additive that improves interactional some aspect between waste material and the concrete cement material.
The solution that the present invention proposes all is economical at investment and energy aspect utilizing two, but also has significant environmental compatibility.
In case during by polymeric additive and special catalyst generation inerting, above-mentioned vendible all kinds of article are all in full accord with concrete.
Adopt concrete after the inventive method is handled, mud is also in full accord with concrete.
Solution of the present invention can be utilized in by physical-chemical reasonableness institute restricted portion by USR and/or mud and concrete and transform adaptability between the resulting inert products.
In fact, the inerting material allows the material of same suitable pulverizing is mixed in concrete cement material with different granularities, promotes the adaptive process of polymeric additive and its catalyzer.
The above makes it possible to distinguish resulting inert products and concrete fusion process, and described concrete amount and other material ratio are suitable, confirms the technology and the mechanic effect of product excellence thus.
Especially, the advantage that is realized can be embodied in proportion respectively, porosity, ventilation property, solidifiability, thermal conductivity, resistivity against fire, hardness, resistance to compression pression and processing characteristics.
The product that is obtained according to the present invention makes it possible to waste material is not considered as remaining in the concrete material removed, but as the typical component of cement.
Method of the present invention is always implemented under cool condition except that heating steps (temperature is at 50/60 ℃), to obtain the valid function and the transformation efficiency of USR and/or mud.Through suitable heating system (resistive heating) obtain recovered steam and at the finished product production stage, promptly in the place of carrying out the particle drying step (always 50/60 ℃ of temperature) USR and/or mud are carried out drying and pulverizing.Above-mentioned particle is prepared to put on market as inert substance.
Studies show that, in view of high energy consumption and lack the repayment that the sale by described product obtains, the separation of many vendible product USR components and recirculation and inconvenience.
Therefore, can not reclaim the recyclable part of occupying unit 45% easily by known solution.
In fact, the factory of many enforcement separation methods can not remove the product that is recovered to, in view of these materials utilize to need high regeneration expense again, above-mentioned product is stayed in the factory and is not sold.
Because micro plastics, glass and the heavy metal considering in the compound manure to be contained, agriculture personnel do not wish to handle ground, and the current compound manure that obtains also can not be done as chemical fertilizer.
This promptly charges to the recovered material that can not render to market and send the reason of returning the refuse tip, and this needs corresponding extra-expense.
The unique component that can be utilized by the waste material energy recovery that is contained in the extract of the partial material with high heating value is RDF (deriving from the fuel of waste material), and it is used for incendiary material as an alternative such as heat power plant, cement mill.
Based on above-mentioned consideration, provide in the method for the invention all these materials (these materials comprise the vendible product kind of USR) have been smashed to pieces, not only to doing component but also wet component being carried out, for the operative employee of workshop section, can recovery part smashing to pieces for dried component is rational economically.
Thus, according to the present invention, might implement according to particular requirement:
A) by reclaiming the USR method for transformation of recyclable part;
B) do not reclaim the USR method for transformation of recyclable part.
To situation (a), except that the water centrifuge separator with filter is used for utilizing once more the isolated excessive water, this method also requires to adopt the separation machinery that can reclaim recyclable part (glass, paper, timber, heavy metal etc.).
To situation (b), this method does not need above-mentioned machinery, significantly reduces machinery expenses and power consumption thus.
In addition, in the laboratory, observe each particulate transformation stage, noticed to have obtained the particle that has low-permeability and highly dewatered.
Confirm that further when the concrete pellet combined with water and mixes, high density " hydroxyl " made the concrete hydro-combination process more easy, made product have hypertonicity thus after chemical phenomenon.
In addition, owing to adopt the concrete of well-known very high pH value between 11～12, the resulting product of the inventive method guarantees that the bacterium of pathogenic microorganism or any kind can not survive.
And, because the transport phenomena of polar molecule only takes place under two kinds of possible conditions: by " potential gradient " or by " concentration gradient ", the limitation in height that is subjected to the concrete solid structure because of resulting element transport phenomena can not take place; So the heavy metal that exists with corresponding hydroxide form in concrete structure all is immobilized.
Therefore, a specific purpose of the present invention provides a kind of with municipal solid waste material (USR) and/or the cold method that is converted into inert substance of mud, and this method may further comprise the steps:
-with USR and/or mud from corresponding charge line charging;
-material is introduced in the pulverizer to reduce granularity and to reclaim wherein contained water;
The CaO of-adding major constituent 5-10% weight;
The CaCO of-adding major constituent 5-10% weight
3
The polymeric additive of-adding major constituent 3-10% weight;
-product is transported to moulding and stores step.
According to the present invention, the preferred appropriate catalyst that further adds 20-50% weight.
Equally, according to the present invention, said polymeric additive is selected from polyvinyl acetate and derivative thereof, urethane and derivative thereof and styrene polymer and derivative thereof.
In addition, according to the present invention, the form that said polymeric additive can " suspension " or " solution " is coated on the product that is obtained by USR to be transformed and/or mud.When USR and/or mud granule and polymeric additive carry out inerting " suspension " takes place and handle, in fact play " smear effect ", give particle after the conversion thus with low-permeability on the microvoid structure and low penetration, this is subject to little coating (film); And " solution " thus handle and can the molecular property that macromole is all with it be limited to micro-porosity and open grain, really effectively effect is (heat insulation for the simple barrier that adopts " suspension " polymeric additive to obtain in acquisition, perviousness, clinging power etc.).
Still according to the present invention, be provided with an equipment for removing ferric ion with the mechanical commprssor that is used for waste material, thick stamp mill of master, particularly have a thick stamp mill of master of four unbearable set hammers along the USR charge line.
In addition, can be provided with the rotation equipment for removing ferric ion with collection comb and turnbarrel, thick material recovery system and second stamp mill in said main stamp mill downstream and said pulverizer upstream.
And, according to the present invention, can be provided with water recovery tank in the stamp mill downstream.
Still according to the present invention, said formed product pipeline can provide the granulation pipeline and/or the goods pipeline that is provided with the shutter vibration platform that are provided with the dehumidifier group.
The another specific purpose of the present invention provides a kind of device of implementing aforesaid method, and this device comprises:
-at least one, preferred two concrete sumps are to discharge USR (municipal solid waste material) and mud respectively;
-at least one, preferred two travelling overhead cranes that are provided with the material fork of travelling belt charging, described travelling belt is provided with suitable jar;
-be provided with first horizontal conveying belt to the reinforced feed pot of stamp mill;
-be positioned at above-mentioned first travelling belt top, have the equipment for removing ferric ion of waste material mechanical commprssor;
-have and cut the thick main stamp mill of hammering into shape;
-have second horizontal conveying belt of the reinforced feed pot of rearwards sieve;
-be provided with the equipment for removing ferric ion of the comb of collecting thin material;
-sexangle rotating screen;
-be positioned at rotating screen below, collect the material that sieves it is sent to the 3rd horizontal conveying belt of mixer charging travelling belt;
-the second cutting hammer stamp mill;
-be suitable for take the 4th inclination travelling belt of second pulverization process of unsifted material is provided with sidewall (sides) along its all length, be provided with feed pot, nesting box and back-geared electric motor;
-be suitable for comminuting matter is sent to the 5th horizontal conveying belt of rotating screen travelling belt;
-be provided with pulverizer-well heater that water reclaims;
-be suitable for milling product is sent to the 6th inclination travelling belt reinforced and the discharge bailing bucket;
-CaO (unslaked lime) storage tank;
-CaCO
3(lime carbonate) storage tank;
-polymeric additive storage tank;
-final special catalyst storage tank;
-other three travelling belts, two horizontal positioned and another tilts to place wherein, the inclination travelling belt is positioned at scoop-like receiving tank below, and the material that will sieve is sent to mixing tank in an alternating manner;
-be provided with the blade stopping property mixing tank of strut member, passage, safety barrier, circular section discharging hopper, vision slit, engine and step down gear, inlet material metage system and additive atomization system;
-be suitable for the material that sieves is sent to the tenth horizontal conveying belt of forcing machine;
-be suitable for the material that sieves is sent to the 11 horizontal conveying belt of goods pipeline.
The present invention further comprises by the resulting product of the inventive method.
Now specifically with reference to the accompanying drawings by illustrative but the indefiniteness preferred embodiment is described the present invention, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the block diagram according to a device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 a, 2b and 2c are the synoptic diagram according to a full scale plant of the present invention.
At first with reference to figure 1, can see the block diagram of apparatus of the present invention, be provided with the inlet comb B that is used to intercept big batch materials, USR bailing bucket B or discharging ditch, mud bailing bucket C or discharging ditch, the travelling overhead crane E that is provided with the travelling overhead crane D of the hopper of collecting USR and is provided with the hopper of collecting mud.
In addition, be provided with a series of travelling belt or screw feeder F that are used for product processing, be suitable for removing a series of equipment for removing ferric ion G of whole ferromagnetic materials with other equipment for removing ferric ion, thick main stamp mill H, in following treatment step, select the rotating screen I of waste material, the pulverizer-well heater M that is suitable for the second stamp mill L that waste material vendible product component fine powder is broken and collects water vapor.
In addition, can notice 4 jar N of the product that the conversion that is used for USR and/or mud is housed, exactly, the product that can be used for conversion process is CaO (Wingdale), CaCO
3(lime carbonate) and additive.
Before address, additive can comprise polyvinyl acetate and derivative thereof, urethane and derivative thereof and styrene polymer and derivative thereof; Special catalyst.
Further be provided with reinforced and discharge bailing bucket O, have the nozzle that is used for the additive atomizing and the arm mixer of automatic recipe maker), particle forcing machine Q, air and low temperature (50/60 ℃) moisture eliminator-dehumidifier R, they interconnect by the mechanical transmission band, by artificial (or the words that need, computerize) Controlling System is handled and is coordinated, storage vault S or in order to the finished product bag packaging system of launch products, be used to obtain the template T of expected product, be used in template, compressing the oscillating plate U of wet stock, and storage vault V.
Consider each device must not overcome minimum every day 100t to the throughput between maximum every day 250t USR and/or the mud, the size of this type of full scale plant can be based on the receiving capability that material to be transformed is arranged is determined.
Thus, to making the device that inversion quantity is higher than 250t/ day, recommendation will be installed and put, but will sincerely remember the always 8 hours production time that obtains the finished product.
Fig. 2 a, 2b and 2c are depicted as the synoptic diagram according to a full scale plant of the present invention.
Install each parts with as listed below, represent and illustrate their function by label.
1a) 1b): they are two concrete sumps, and its size is determined according to device capability, is used to discharge USR (municipal solid waste material) and mud.
Concrete sump has frustum-pyramid profile, makes it to be easy to emptying, undesirable solid accumulation can not take place at corner.Concrete sump further is provided with the handrail that meets standing order.
2a) 2b) :-be the suitable travelling overhead crane of size, be provided with the material fork so that the travelling belt with suitable jar is feeded.
3): be provided with horizontal conveying belt to the reinforced feed pot of stamp mill.
Said travelling belt will be installed engine, step down gear, counter gear, waste side case.
4): be positioned at above-mentioned travelling belt top, have the equipment for removing ferric ion of waste material mechanical commprssor.
5): have the thick main stamp mill of cutting hammer, hammer is provided with four cores--be provided with electric motor and hydraulic actuator.Stamp mill has the charging aperture, the comb setter, and the product discharge groove, aperture is safeguarded in the side.This machine is placed on the bracing frame with travelling belt 3, is provided with inspection gallery and safety rail.
6): be provided with horizontal conveying belt to the reinforced feed pot of following sieve.
Said travelling belt is provided with electric motor, electric case (motoriduttore), and reverse gear, the side nesting box, along the coverture of its whole length, intermediate support beam, horizontal surface layer (plane carpet) is with the towing material.
7): the equipment for removing ferric ion that is provided with the comb of collecting thin material.
8): the sexangle rotating screen, be provided with external transmission device, the rubber wheel carrier that is used to support and rotates, band observe manhole seal closure, be positioned at rotating screen down discharge the sieve jar of material, the material blow-down drum that do not sieve, charging opening, epicycloid step down gear, inspection gallery, ladder, electric motor.
9): be positioned at the horizontal conveying belt of rotating screen below, collect and sieve material it is sent to the mixer charging band.Be provided with sidewall along its whole length, be provided with nesting box and step down gear engine.
10): be provided with the second cutting hammer stamp mills that have the drive motor that waterpower connects and be used for two combs that the degree of depth pulverizes.It has reinforced osculum, comb adjusting, product letdown tank, safeguards and use the side osculum.This machine is placed on the bracing frame with feeding belt 3, is provided with inspection gallery and safety rail.
11): be suitable for unsifted material is sent to the inclination travelling belt of second pulverization process, be provided with sidewall, be provided with feed pot, nesting box and back-geared electric motor along its whole length.
12): the inclination travelling belt that is suitable for comminuting matter is sent to the rotating screen travelling belt.Be provided with sidewall along its whole length, be provided with feed pot, nesting box and electric case.
13): have pulverizer-well heater that water reclaims.Pulverizer 13 is made of such machine: the material that is in the static(al) effect is broken and produce the dynamic impulsion that acts on the material solid particulate by its mechanical action, push particle to retaining plate (deck) or movable plate (hammer), produce the effect of smashing to pieces thus and reduce grain graininess.Meanwhile, resistance heats material and is dry, reduces material flow thus and reclaims moisture by evaporation, and this can incorporate technological process again into, promptly incorporates the dehumidification step of wet granular into.
14): the inclination travelling belt that is suitable for milling product is sent to reinforced and discharge bailing bucket.It is provided with on sidewall and its all length and all is coated with blow-down drum, nesting box and varying-speed motor.
15): CaO (unslaked lime) storage tank.
16): CaCO
3(lime carbonate) storage tank.
17): the polymeric additive storage tank.
17 '): the special catalyst storage tank.
18): three travelling belts, wherein two be horizontally disposed with and one be obliquely installed, the inclination travelling belt is positioned at bailing bucket receiving tank below, the material that will sieve in an alternating manner is sent to mixing tank.Travelling belt is equipped with sidewall on its all length, be provided with discharge groove and back-geared electric motor.
19) and 19 ') be provided with the blade stopping property mixing tank of strut member, passage, safety barrier, circular section discharge bailing bucket, vision slit, engine and step down gear, inlet material metage system and additive atomization system.
20): be suitable for the material that sieves is sent to the horizontal conveying belt of forcing machine, be provided with sidewall, be provided with nesting box and back-geared electric motor along its whole length.
21): be suitable for the material that sieves is sent to the horizontal conveying belt of goods pipeline, be provided with sidewall, be provided with discharge groove and back-geared electric motor along its whole length.
22): have the wooden or metal form of different geometries, the wet product that its function obtains after being to transform is molded over and obtains goods (bulk, brick, footway brick etc.) in the template.Subsequently after the product hardening with its taking-up.
23): comprise the oscillating plate of pneumatic or electronic hydraulicefficiency machinery, it makes the mechanism that is subjected to its effect produce vibration.Oscillating action helps after wet stock is poured template in template the material compacting.
24): comprise the forcing machine of Archimedes's screw rod or piston, material is thrown to porous hedge plate (holedgrid), obtains the particles of different sizes as inert material for building thus.
25): the inclination travelling belt that is suitable for mixing prod is transported to the dehumidification group.Travelling belt is provided with sidewall and is coated with feed pot along its all length, nesting box and back-geared electric motor.
26): wet granular dehumidification group, comprise two coaxial rotary drums, wherein warm air (50/60 ℃) is introduced outside rotary drum through suitable aperture, and establishes the inner rotary drum of foraminous through the material introducing that mixing tank was handled.The dehumidification group is provided with methane or gas and oil warm air producer, has heat insulation path, motor filter and electric case.
27): the horizontal conveying belt that is suitable for the material after transforming is sent to storage area.Be provided with sidewall along its all length, be provided with feed pot, nesting box and back-geared electric motor.
28): operate all mechanical electrical meanss, comprising: total lock, synoptic diagram, stamp mill and total lock ampere are taken into account voltmeter, remote-control switch, cable, motor frame has the motor start-up of temporary system (when emergency shutdown) and stops control, process computer control system.
Said method for transformation also can only be used for domestic sludge, also can be used for the mud that can reclaim from the depths, riverbed.In the depths, riverbed,, cause the sludge settling ability to increase because a large amount of bacterial micro-organism body is dead because of anoxic.
The technology that proposes according to the present invention also can only transform mud, so by adopting suitable integrated machinery just may dredge the depths, riverbed simultaneously and mud is changed into inert substance on the landing stage.
Hereinafter the operation to device is described, and wherein only implements mud and transforms.
Said device can for example be installed on the landing stage that is provided with scooping machine, and water/mud mixture is sucked by scooping machine.
The mixture that sucks enters jar, carries out the first step decant at this, is sent to stamp mill-homogenizer by the Archimedean screw transfer roller, makes mixture be suitable for centrifugal and subsequent forcing machine thus.
Smashing to pieces-homogenization step in, mixture has lost about 35/40% water-content.Mixture is delivered to follow-up dehumidification handle, gone centrifugally by " list " pumping, centrifugation has recovered to contain the dry labor thing of 30% water in mixture.
When this step finished, initial dry material reverted to and has excessive water, prepares next step mixing.
Be further to reduce water-content, with described mixture be sent to can be under atmospheric pressure with water with the isolated moisture eliminator of vapor form, introduce the final drying that steam carries out product subsequently.
At dryer export, the material after this handles enters jar, is sent to mixing tank through two Archimedean screw transfer rollers thus.Add polymeric additive in mixing tank, the polymeric additive maximum adding quantity is 10%, adds with special catalyst, and the catalyzer add-on is 20～50% of a major constituent, and adds 5%CaO, 10%CaCO
3Products therefrom is flowed through forcing machine with the material granulation.
Particle is in travelling belt enters the thermally insulated container that is heated by coil pipe.Steam from moisture eliminator enters coil pipe.
Said travelling belt with final product deliver to by in identical vapor heated two containers to reach complete drying.
Resulting water, the water that promptly is obtained from main decant and is obtained from every other operation steps is sent in the container that carries out first decant.After passing through a plurality of mechanical type filters, water is put back in the river in the depths of about 3m below the water level thus, in order to avoid cause the surface muddiness and make the particle of suspension be easier to be deposited in the river bed.
Thus, whole process can utilize the signal on the switchboard to handle by computerized unit.
The product that is used for different building trades of gained contains 90% mud and 10% water, and owing to be to be converted into inert product by material, so add the material between minimum, the highest following per-cent:
-polymeric additive 3-10%;
-special catalyst accounts for the 20-50% of major constituent;
-CaO (unslaked lime) 5-10%;
-CaCO
3Between (lime carbonate) 5-10%.
The ability that moisture eliminator need suit is proportional to the burner of plant bulk and needs to add low sulfur content type oil fuel.Install in fact operate continuously.
Operating process is uninterrupted basically, but to the mixing step that " reinforced, mixing, discharge " carries out successively, is provided with two jars guaranteeing the idiopathic suitable capacity of device aptly in the mixing tank upstream and downstream.
Depend on its ability to accept, operation cycle also can be by upstream tank charging beginning to guarantee the mixing tank ideal operation.The mixing tank ability is corresponding to plant bulk, and " reinforced, mixing, discharge " circulation is according to being decided by the determined time of its throughput.
Be provided with another jar in the downstream near mixing tank, its role is to guarantee the forcing machine continuous charging, wherein the material after the preheating is extruded and is entered in the travelling belt that is installed in the thermally insulated container by forcing machine.Realize dry materials by steam cycle, thereafter material is deposited.
When empty device started, mud was transported to stamp mill by subsider under optimum conditions.According to device capability, the material after the conversion is sent to final storage tank subsequently.
Adopt said apparatus, handle 3t mud and need 3 minutes approximately.Depend on used reaction volume, the about 480/500kg of the finished product that obtain.Need 10-12 minute and obtain the 3t the finished product.
Transform resulting material " inerting " fully by method of the present invention by USR and/or mud, do not contain microorganism species, have optimum physical-mechanical strength and do not discharge heavy metal.
The analysis that specialty institute is carried out obtains above-mentioned characteristic, obtains following result:
-fecal coli (coliformi fecali)=nothing;
-salmonella (salmonella)=nothing;
-streptococcus aureus (staphylococci aurea)=nothing;
-Pseudomonas aeruginosa (pseudomonas Aerruginosa)=nothing;
Spore=nothing of-Suo shape sulphite reduction bacterium (closridi sulphite-reducer).
In addition, the heavy metal by discharging in USR and/or the mud conversion that mainly is present in the products therefrom can be ignored fully:
-Cu＝0.02mg/kg
-Cr＝＜0.01mg/kg
-Pb＝0.03mg/kg
-Cd＝＜0.001mg/kg
Also confirm that transform the material that obtains and place 500 ℃ of temperature losss of weight of following time 25.5%, the cigarette that is generated is to people's toxicological harmless.
In addition, by observing chemistry-bacteriology result, can obtain can be used in the different kinds material of building trade by conversion product:
-civilian, industry and agricultural building material;
-outdoor and indoor civilian flooring material;
-all kinds of cities furniture;
The collection manhole of-hydraulic set;
-highway barrier;
-sound-absorbing and thermal baffle;
-agricultural and breeding prefabrication;
-industrial floor material.
In addition, can obtain mortar and concrete from inert particle.
The sample proportion of USR and/or mud converting material is lower, is 0.67g/cm
3, significantly be lower than usually and the proportion of concrete binding inert substance together, give product of the present invention many-sided technology application possibility thus.
In view of the product characteristics of present method and device gained, this device is of many uses.
By with the municipal solid waste material with obtain sample of material from the mud pre-mixing of civilian refining plant.
" sand-cement slurry " that obtain thus joined in the additive that causes inorganicization of organism.
By means of participating in reaction and being used to guarantee that the material of the following function of product carries out conversion process.
In addition, present method adopts CaCO
3With in and plastic substance in the inerting additive, enable effectively fire-resistant and can not discharge toxic smoke.
And in view of CaO with the water reaction process in produce big calorimetric, temperature raises, and destroys the spore that is coated, and makes the finished product without any it being discharged.
Thus, products obtained therefrom is an inorganics, no spore, and heavy residue can be ignored.It has good fire line in addition, and this is confirmed by the analysis of being implemented.
Sample pressurized result shows and is all obtaining the maximum machine performance aspect quality and the quantity two.
In fact, simple compression breaking tension eigenwert is on average at 340kg/cm
2About change, with respect to other any material of considering, this is the acceptable limit.
In addition, for the cubical cracking that is subjected under the deflection, can notice clearly that the crack is always along cubical diagonal lines.
For describing the new feature of product of the present invention, compare with concrete.
Flexural resistance is at 350kg/cm
2Other material of the present invention of level reaches extremely near high grade concrete (550kg/cm
2) value, be 28kg/cm
2, can with concrete 39kg/cm
2Compare.
Another data that confirm the conversion product characteristic are solidifiabilities: material is had no effect extremely.
Except that these data, must demonstrate high-flexibility, significantly reduce curvature, but reach pliable and tough crushing load and the product flawless that highly to accept in any case, and will not give a warning in any case.
High deformation behavior makes springform numerical value quite low, but absolute linearity and two-way curve are provided.
And thermal conductivity ratio a kind of " concrete " wherein is high about 10%, but considers material by the artificial vibration device compression that can not avoid the hole fully, and this difference is ignored.
Avoid above problem by adopting suitable vibration device (oscillating plate).
In this way, can reduce above-mentioned thermal conductivity per-cent, make it to reach the concrete limit.
Below only provide the data that only adopt the resulting product of domestic sludge to test to by the present invention for illustrative indefiniteness purpose.
Above-mentioned all tests are all in the ISTDIL of Guidonia S.p.A. laboratory implementation.The sample that adopts adds CaO and CaCO by 90% domestic sludge
3, suitably mix with same ratio, atomizing subsequently and handle by 10% polymeric additive and special catalyst after obtain.
Flexural resistance
Carry out flexural resistance test on the rod of following size having:
1000 * 120 * 120mm is also strengthened by bonding 4 φ 8 iron of modified adhesive vertically.Two iron are positioned at the arch base area, and two iron are positioned at the hogback district, elongation about 25mm that falls.
This rod is placed on two brace tables, and brace table is at a distance of 800mm.Concentrating on the middle part afterwards applies 2050Kgf load and carries out simple deflection.
Following table is listed the gained result.
| Load | ||||||||||
| Kgf | ?200 | ?400 | ?600 | ?800 | ?1000 | ?1200 | ?1400 | ?1600 | ?1800 | ?2000 |
| Curvature | ||||||||||
| mm | ?0.30 | ?0.60 | ?1.00 | ?1.60 | ?2.20 | ?2.90 | ?3.55 | ?4.20 | ?4.95 | ?5.80 |
Confirm that flawless directly ruptured when sample was subjected to stress.Further as can be known, got rid of the possibility of eliminating residual elasticity curvature, and that fracture is confirmed as is brittle by following experiment.
The relatively disrupt data that obtains by above-mentioned data and the data of prestress enhanced 9 * 12cm inverted T-shaped rod, can notice that fracture numerical value is higher, this is owing to the latter just rupture when maximum single load is 1300Kgf (data obtain based on the lab investigation in the factory for prefabrication).
The role of inspection power and the figure that descends have been noticed two complete linearity regions, and this fact shows and has elastic behavior.Elastic behavior keeps elastic vertical to fracture.
Except that this test, 5 230 * 40 * 20mm are not strengthened sample carried out other simple deflection test, all apply single load in the middle part of two point of suppon of the about 200mm of spacing, it is as shown in the table for the result.
Flexure test
| Sample number | 1 | ?2 | ?3 | ?4 | ?5 |
| Unit load | |||||
| (from N/mm 2Beginning) | 1.28 | ?1.18 | ?1.28 | ?1.36 | ?1.23 |
| Curvature (mm) | 4.10 | ?3.78 | ?1.59 | ?3.69 | ?2.96 |
Solidifiability
Sample to 44 * 4 * 17cm under+15-15 ℃ temperature carries out the solidifiability test.Owing to the variation of finding in the test process can observe, after 25 circulations, obtain being entirely positive result thus.
Linear thermal expansion
Sample placed under the linear thermal expansion test, the unit deformation of sample is shown by the LY41 type electronics deformeter HBM that links to each other with UPM60 type data acquisition unit HBM.Obtain the listed data of following table thus:
| Temperature | 29.4℃ | 29.4℃ | 69.6℃ | 69.6℃ |
| Deformation | 2021μm/m | 1628μm/m | 2337μm/m | 1041μm/m |
| Time | After 7 hours 53 minutes | Began back 15 hours 15 minutes | Began back 7 hours 49 minutes | Began back 15 hours 47 minutes |
Last table is depicted as the data of deformation to the test duration.Elongation is 1041 μ m/n in the time of can learning the sample expanded by heating by above-mentioned data.
The sliding friction abrasion
Explanation according to the R.D.2234 of 16.11.1939 is tested.
To 1, the 000m course, wear factor is 8.68mm.
Compression
The cubes sample that is 40mm to 4 length of sides carries out simple compression enforcement test.
The resistance to compression pression of average unit load is 3.86N/mm
2
The present invention by being illustrated property of preferred embodiment but indefiniteness describe, but should be understood that those skilled in the art can improve and/or change under the situation that does not deviate from the respective range that the appended claim book limited.
Claims (6)
1. with municipal solid waste material (USR) and/or the cold method that is converted into inert substance of mud, this method may further comprise the steps:
-with USR and/or mud from corresponding charge line charging;
-material is introduced in the pulverizer to reduce granularity and to reclaim wherein contained water;
The CaO of-adding major constituent 5-10% weight;
The CaCO of-adding major constituent 5-10% weight
3
The catalyzer of-adding 20-50% weight;
-adding the polymeric additive of major constituent 3-10% weight, this polymeric additive is selected from polyvinyl acetate and derivative thereof, urethane and derivative thereof and styrene polymer and derivative thereof;
-product is transported to moulding and stores step.
2. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, be provided with a equipment for removing ferric ion and the thick stamp mill of master that particularly is provided with four crown cutting hammers with the mechanical commprssor that is used for waste material along the USR charge line.
3. according to the method for above-mentioned arbitrary claim, it is characterized in that, can be provided with the rotation equipment for removing ferric ion with collection comb and turnbarrel, thick material recovery system and second stamp mill in said main stamp mill downstream and said pulverizer upstream.
4. according to the method for above-mentioned arbitrary claim, it is characterized in that,, can be provided with water recovery tank in the pulverizer downstream according to the present invention.
5. according to the method for above-mentioned arbitrary claim, it is characterized in that, said moulding and storage step provide a formed product pipeline, and this formed product pipeline comprises the granulation pipeline and/or the goods pipeline that is provided with the shutter vibration platform that are provided with the dehumidifier group.
6. implement the device according to the method for above-mentioned arbitrary claim, this device comprises following whole parts or is the part combination of these parts:
-at least one, preferred two concrete sumps are to discharge USR (municipal solid waste material) and mud respectively;
-at least one, preferred two material travelling overhead cranes again that are provided with the travelling belt charging, described travelling belt is provided with suitable jar;
-be provided with first horizontal conveying belt to the reinforced feed pot of stamp mill;
-be positioned at above-mentioned first travelling belt top, have the equipment for removing ferric ion of waste material mechanical commprssor;
-have and cut the thick main stamp mill of hammering into shape;
-have second horizontal conveying belt of the reinforced feed pot of rearwards sieve;
-be provided with the equipment for removing ferric ion of the comb of collecting thin material;
-sexangle rotating screen;
-be positioned at rotating screen below, collect the material that sieves it is sent to the 3rd horizontal conveying belt of mixer charging travelling belt;
-the second cutting hammer stamp mill;
-be suitable for take the 4th inclination travelling belt of second pulverization process of unsifted material is provided with sidewall along its all length, be provided with feed pot, nesting box and back-geared electric motor;
-be suitable for comminuting matter is sent to the 5th horizontal conveying belt of rotating screen travelling belt;
-be provided with pulverizer-well heater that water reclaims;
-be suitable for milling product is sent to the 6th inclination travelling belt reinforced and the discharge bailing bucket;
-CaO (unslaked lime) storage tank;
-CaCO
3(lime carbonate) storage tank;
-polymeric additive storage tank;
-final special catalyst storage tank;
-other three travelling belts, two horizontal positioned and another tilts to place wherein, the inclination travelling belt is positioned at scoop-like receiving tank below, and the material that will sieve is sent to mixing tank in an alternating manner;
-be provided with the blade stopping property mixing tank of strut member, passage, safety barrier, circular section discharging hopper, vision slit, engine and step down gear, inlet material metage system and additive atomization system;
-be suitable for the material that sieves is sent to the tenth horizontal conveying belt of forcing machine;
-be suitable for the material that sieves is sent to the 11 horizontal conveying belt of goods pipeline.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN97182233A CN1094911C (en) | 1997-05-07 | 1997-05-07 | Process for the cold transmation of municipal refuses and/or sludge into inert materials, plant for carrying out said process and products obtained |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN97182233A CN1094911C (en) | 1997-05-07 | 1997-05-07 | Process for the cold transmation of municipal refuses and/or sludge into inert materials, plant for carrying out said process and products obtained |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1255110A CN1255110A (en) | 2000-05-31 |
| CN1094911C true CN1094911C (en) | 2002-11-27 |
Family
ID=5178350
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN97182233A Expired - Fee Related CN1094911C (en) | 1997-05-07 | 1997-05-07 | Process for the cold transmation of municipal refuses and/or sludge into inert materials, plant for carrying out said process and products obtained |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1094911C (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101811816B (en) * | 2010-04-19 | 2012-02-22 | 清华大学 | Sludge and lime mixing stabilization equipment |
| FR3008006B1 (en) * | 2013-07-03 | 2017-02-24 | Philippe Vieville | METHOD AND PLANT FOR TREATING SLUDGE, ESPECIALLY PORT SLUDGE |
| CN108218112A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-29 | 宁波市建通环保科技有限公司 | A kind of ecological treatment method of black and odorous water |
| CN109465277A (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2019-03-15 | 东莞理工学院 | A kind of daily-life garbage without environmental pollution recycling treatment system utilized with effluent cycle |
| CN109500049A (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2019-03-22 | 东莞理工学院 | A kind of daily-life garbage without environmental pollution recycling processing method utilized with effluent cycle |
| CN111617981A (en) * | 2020-05-20 | 2020-09-04 | 涡阳县沪涡多孔矸石砖有限公司 | Sorting device is used in hollow brick production |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2224363A1 (en) * | 1972-05-18 | 1973-11-29 | Georg Dipl Ing Dip Kropfhammer | Building components formation - from domestic, agricultural or forestal waste |
| FR2337588A1 (en) * | 1976-01-09 | 1977-08-05 | Biez Georges | Disposal of household refuse without pollution - by mixing with additives to give aggregates used to replace gravel |
| EP0602293A1 (en) * | 1992-12-07 | 1994-06-22 | de Blangy, Gérard | Process and apparatus for treatment and valorisation of waste by transforming in a non-polluable reusable material |
-
1997
- 1997-05-07 CN CN97182233A patent/CN1094911C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2224363A1 (en) * | 1972-05-18 | 1973-11-29 | Georg Dipl Ing Dip Kropfhammer | Building components formation - from domestic, agricultural or forestal waste |
| FR2337588A1 (en) * | 1976-01-09 | 1977-08-05 | Biez Georges | Disposal of household refuse without pollution - by mixing with additives to give aggregates used to replace gravel |
| EP0602293A1 (en) * | 1992-12-07 | 1994-06-22 | de Blangy, Gérard | Process and apparatus for treatment and valorisation of waste by transforming in a non-polluable reusable material |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1255110A (en) | 2000-05-31 |
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