CN109490951A - Diffraction wave imaging method, device and electronic equipment - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of diffraction wave imaging method, device and electronic equipments, wherein this method comprises: obtaining seismic data and speed data；Simulation process is carried out to preset earthquake model according to speed data, obtains simulation seismic data；Earthquake model includes reflection model and diffraction model；Based on seismic data and simulation seismic data, wave field residual error objective function and wave field residual values are obtained；Migration processing is carried out to wave field residual values, obtains the gradient of wave field residual error objective function；Gradient includes reflection gradient and diffraction gradient；Reflection model and diffraction model are updated respectively according to reflection gradient and diffraction gradient, obtain updated reflection model and diffraction model；Update processing is iterated to wave field residual error objective function according to updated reflection model and diffraction model, obtains diffracted wave imaging results.The present invention in conjunction with the least square thought effectively increases diffracted wave imaging precision using offset method, improve imaging results accuracy and can focusing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of seismic exploration, in particular to a diffracted wave imaging method, a diffracted wave imaging device and electronic equipment.
Background
In the process of mining mineral resources, disasters such as water inrush, gas outburst and roof collapse seriously affect the mining efficiency and personnel safety, the prediction precision of geological abnormal bodies such as faults and collapse columns can be improved by the diffracted wave exploration technology, and the diffracted wave exploration technology is an important means for effectively avoiding the geological disasters.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a diffracted wave imaging method, a diffracted wave imaging device and an electronic apparatus, so as to improve the accuracy of diffracted wave imaging and improve the accuracy and focusability of imaging results.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a diffracted wave imaging method, where the method includes: acquiring seismic data and velocity data; carrying out simulation processing on a preset seismic model according to the velocity data to obtain simulated seismic data; the seismic model comprises a reflection model and a diffraction model; obtaining a wave field residual error target function and a wave field residual error value based on the seismic data and the simulated seismic data; carrying out migration processing on the wave field residual error value to obtain the gradient of a wave field residual error target function; the gradient comprises a reflection gradient and a diffraction gradient; updating the reflection model according to the reflection gradient to obtain an updated reflection model; updating the diffraction model according to the diffraction gradient to obtain an updated diffraction model; and carrying out iterative updating processing on the wave field residual error target function according to the updated reflection model and the updated diffraction model to obtain a diffracted wave imaging result.
With reference to the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where performing simulation processing on a preset seismic model according to velocity data to obtain simulated seismic data includes: respectively carrying out simulation processing on the reflection model and the diffraction model according to the speed data to obtain corresponding reflected wave field data and diffracted wave field data; respectively carrying out migration processing on the reflected wave field data and the diffracted wave field data to obtain corresponding reflected wave migration data and diffracted wave migration data; respectively carrying out forward processing on the reflected wave offset data and the diffracted wave offset data to obtain corresponding reflected wave forward data and diffracted wave forward data; and adding the reflected wave forward modeling data and the diffracted wave forward modeling data to obtain simulated seismic data.
With reference to the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where obtaining a wavefield residual objective function and a wavefield residual value based on seismic data and simulated seismic data includes: processing the seismic data and the simulated seismic data by using the following formula to obtain a wave field residual error objective function:wherein d ismodRepresenting simulated seismic data; dobsRepresenting seismic data; m isdiffRepresenting the diffraction model; m isrefRepresenting a reflection model; m isdiffRepresenting a diffraction model, α representing preset regularization parameters, and processing the seismic data and the simulated seismic data to obtain a wavefield residual value e (m)ref，mdiff)＝dobs-dmod。
With reference to the second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a third possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where shifting the wavefield residual value to obtain a gradient of a wavefield residual objective function includes:and (3) carrying out migration processing on the wave field residual error value by using a formula to obtain a reflection gradient: g (m)ref)＝Lrefe(mref，mdiff) (ii) a Wherein L isrefThe reflection migration operator represents the reflection migration of the wave field residual value; and (3) offsetting the wave field residual error value by using a formula to obtain a diffraction gradient: g (m)diff)＝Ldiffe(mref，mdiff)+α*mdiff(ii) a Wherein L isdiffRepresents a diffraction migration of the wavefield residual values by a diffraction migration operator.
With reference to the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fourth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where updating the reflection model according to the reflection gradient to obtain an updated reflection model includes: obtaining the updating direction of the reflection model based on the reflection gradient; based on the updating direction and the preset updating step length, the reflection model is updated by using the following formula to obtain an updated reflection model:wherein,representing the updated reflection model; lambda [ alpha ]kRepresents the update step size, dkIndicating the direction of the update.
With reference to the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fifth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where performing iterative update processing on a wave field residual error objective function according to an updated reflection model and an updated diffraction model to obtain a diffracted wave imaging result, where the iterative update processing includes: and carrying out iteration updating processing on the wave field residual error target function according to preset iteration times to obtain a diffracted wave imaging result.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a diffracted wave imaging apparatus, where the apparatus includes: the acquisition module is used for acquiring seismic data and velocity data; the simulation module is used for carrying out simulation processing on a preset seismic model according to the speed data to obtain simulated seismic data; the seismic model comprises a reflection model and a diffraction model; the processing module is used for obtaining a wave field residual error target function and a wave field residual error value based on the seismic data and the simulated seismic data; the migration module is used for performing migration processing on the wave field residual error value to obtain the gradient of a wave field residual error target function; the gradient comprises a reflection gradient and a diffraction gradient; the updating module is used for updating the reflection model according to the reflection gradient to obtain an updated reflection model; updating the diffraction model according to the diffraction gradient to obtain an updated diffraction model; and the imaging module is used for carrying out iterative updating processing on the wave field residual error target function according to the updated reflection model and the updated diffraction model to obtain a diffraction wave imaging result.
With reference to the second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a first possible implementation manner of the second aspect, where the simulation module includes: the simulation unit is used for respectively carrying out simulation processing on the reflection model and the diffraction model according to the speed data to obtain corresponding reflected wave field data and diffracted wave field data; the migration unit is used for respectively carrying out migration processing on the reflected wave field data and the diffracted wave field data to obtain corresponding reflected wave migration data and diffracted wave migration data; the forward unit is used for respectively carrying out forward processing on the reflected wave offset data and the diffracted wave offset data to obtain corresponding reflected wave forward data and diffracted wave forward data; and the addition unit is used for performing addition processing on the reflected wave forward data and the diffracted wave forward data to obtain the simulated seismic data.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, including a memory and a processor, where the memory stores a computer program that is executable on the processor, and when the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the method in the first aspect are implemented.
In a fourth aspect, the present invention further provides a computer-readable medium having non-volatile program code executable by a processor, where the program code causes the processor to execute the method according to the first aspect.
The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a diffracted wave imaging method, a diffracted wave imaging device and electronic equipment, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring seismic data and velocity data; carrying out simulation processing on a preset seismic model according to the velocity data to obtain simulated seismic data; the seismic model comprises a reflection model and a diffraction model; obtaining a wave field residual error target function and a wave field residual error value based on the seismic data and the simulated seismic data; carrying out migration processing on the wave field residual error value to obtain the gradient of a wave field residual error target function; the gradient comprises a reflection gradient and a diffraction gradient; respectively updating the reflection model and the diffraction model according to the reflection gradient and the diffraction gradient to obtain an updated reflection model and an updated diffraction model; and carrying out iterative updating processing on the wave field residual error target function according to the updated reflection model and diffraction model to obtain a diffraction wave imaging result. The method utilizes the offset method and combines the least square thought, thereby effectively improving the imaging precision of the diffracted waves and improving the accuracy and focusability of the imaging result.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by the practice of the invention as set forth above.
In order to make the aforementioned and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a diffracted wave imaging method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a simulation process performed on a preset seismic model according to velocity data to obtain simulated seismic data according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a diffracted wave imaging apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
At present, the purpose of suppressing the reflected wave and enhancing the diffracted wave can be achieved by using a plane wave deconstruction filter, however, the method depends heavily on the prediction of the local inclination angle value of the reflected wave, and the diffracted wave after separation contains noise and other interference, which affects the imaging result of the diffracted wave.
For the convenience of understanding the present embodiment, a diffracted wave imaging method disclosed in the present embodiment will be described in detail first.
Referring to a flow chart of a diffracted wave imaging method shown in fig. 1, the method comprises the following steps:
step S102, seismic data and velocity data are obtained;
s104, performing simulation processing on a preset seismic model according to the velocity data to obtain simulated seismic data; the seismic model comprises a reflection model and a diffraction model;
according to the speed data, carrying out simulation processing on a preset reflection model and a preset diffraction model, taking each layer of speed change as a flat reflection layer to obtain reflected wave field data, and taking each layer of speed change as a diffraction point to obtain diffracted wave field data; and then further processing the reflected wave field data and the diffracted wave field data to obtain simulated seismic data.
Step S106, obtaining a wave field residual error target function and a wave field residual error value based on the seismic data and the simulated seismic data;
and constructing a wave field residual target function by utilizing the L2 norm according to the seismic data and the simulated seismic data, and calculating a wave field residual value based on the constructed wave field residual target function.
Step S108, carrying out migration processing on the wave field residual error value to obtain the gradient of a wave field residual error target function; the gradient comprises a reflection gradient and a diffraction gradient;
and (4) shifting the wave field residual value by utilizing a kirchhoff integration method to obtain a reflection gradient and a diffraction gradient of a wave field residual error target function.
The wave field residual error target function is established for processing a pre-established reflection model and a pre-established diffraction model to obtain an optimal reflection model and an optimal diffraction model, in order to obtain the optimal model, namely the minimum value of the required wave field residual error target function, the least square thought is used for processing to obtain the minimum value of the wave field residual error target function, namely the extreme value of the wave field residual error target function, and the reflection gradient and the diffraction gradient of the wave field residual error target function are obtained by using the wave field residual error value.
Step S110, updating the reflection model according to the reflection gradient to obtain an updated reflection model; updating the diffraction model according to the diffraction gradient to obtain an updated diffraction model;
and step S112, carrying out iterative updating processing on the wave field residual error target function according to the updated reflection model and the updated diffraction model to obtain a diffraction wave imaging result.
And updating the wave field residual target function according to the updated reflection model and the updated diffraction model, obtaining a reflection gradient and a diffraction gradient according to the updated wave field residual target function, updating the reflection model and the diffraction model again, and continuously updating the reflection model, the diffraction model and the wave field residual target function according to the method to obtain the optimal reflection model and the optimal diffraction model so as to obtain a diffracted wave imaging result.
When iterative updating is carried out, the iterative updating times can be preset, and iterative updating processing is carried out on the wave field residual error target function according to the preset iterative times, so that a diffraction wave imaging result is obtained; a threshold value can also be preset for the wave field residual error target function, when the wave field residual error target function is smaller than the preset threshold value, the iteration is judged to be terminated, and the obtained reflection model and diffraction model are regarded as the optimal reflection model and diffraction model, so that the diffracted wave imaging result is obtained.
The invention provides a diffracted wave imaging method, which comprises the steps of obtaining seismic data and velocity data; carrying out simulation processing on a preset seismic model according to the velocity data to obtain simulated seismic data; the seismic model comprises a reflection model and a diffraction model; obtaining a wave field residual error target function and a wave field residual error value based on the seismic data and the simulated seismic data; carrying out migration processing on the wave field residual error value to obtain the gradient of a wave field residual error target function; the gradient comprises a reflection gradient and a diffraction gradient; updating the reflection model according to the reflection gradient to obtain an updated reflection model; updating the diffraction model according to the diffraction gradient to obtain an updated diffraction model; and carrying out iterative updating processing on the wave field residual error target function according to the updated reflection model and diffraction model to obtain a diffraction wave imaging result. The method utilizes the offset method and combines the least square thought, thereby effectively improving the imaging precision of the diffracted waves and improving the accuracy and focusability of the imaging result.
Corresponding to the above embodiment of the present invention, the embodiment of the present invention mainly describes the step S104, and performs simulation processing on the preset seismic model according to the velocity data to obtain a specific processing procedure of the simulated seismic data, as shown in fig. 2, the specific steps are as follows:
step S202, respectively carrying out simulation processing on the reflection model and the diffraction model according to the speed data to obtain corresponding reflected wave field data and diffracted wave field data;
step S204, respectively carrying out migration processing on the reflected wave field data and the diffracted wave field data to obtain corresponding reflected wave migration data and diffracted wave migration data;
step S206, forward processing is respectively carried out on the reflected wave offset data and the diffracted wave offset data to obtain corresponding reflected wave forward data and diffracted wave forward data;
and S208, adding the reflected wave forward modeling data and the diffracted wave forward modeling data to obtain simulated seismic data.
When a preset reflection model is processed, the obtained reflected wave field data is subjected to migration by using the following formula, and reflected wave migration data is obtained:
mref(x)＝∫dtdsdrω(s,x,r)dref(t,s,r)δ(t-td(s,x,r))；
wherein m isref(x) Representing reflected wave offset data corresponding to an underground imaging point x; ω (s, x, r) represents a weight function; dref(t, s, r) represents reflected wave field data; t represents the time of the reflected wave field data; s represents the excitation point position corresponding to the reflected wave field data; r represents the inverseReceiving point positions corresponding to the data of the wave field of the radio waves; x represents the position of the underground imaging point corresponding to the reflected wave field data; δ represents a dirac function; t is td(s, x, r) represents the time from the excitation point s to the subsurface imaging point x to the reception point r.
The weight function ω (s, x, r) is calculated by the following equation:
ω(s,x,r)＝nT(ps+pr)/||ps+pr||；
wherein p issRepresenting vectors, p, associated with the excitation point s and the subsurface imaging point xrRepresenting the vectors associated with the receiver point r and the subsurface imaging point x, and n representing the unit normal vector of the fresnel zone at the subsurface imaging point.
Collecting reflected wave offset data corresponding to each underground imaging point to obtain reflected wave offset data; and then forward processing is carried out on the obtained reflected wave offset data to obtain reflected wave forward data.
When a preset diffraction model is processed, migration processing is carried out on diffraction wave field data by using the following formula to obtain diffraction wave migration data:
mdiff(x)＝∫dtdsdrddiff(t,s,r)δ(t-td(s,x,r))；
wherein m isdiff(x) Representing diffracted wave offset data corresponding to the underground imaging point x; ddiff(t, s, r) represents diffracted wave wavefield data; t represents the time of the diffracted wave wavefield data; s represents the excitation point position corresponding to the diffracted wave field data; r represents the position of a receiving point corresponding to the diffracted wave field data; x represents the position of a subsurface imaging point corresponding to the diffracted wave field data; δ represents a dirac function; t is td(s, x, r) represents the time from the excitation point s to the subsurface imaging point x to the reception point r.
Collecting diffracted wave offset data corresponding to each underground imaging point to obtain diffracted wave offset data; and then forward processing is carried out on the obtained diffracted wave offset data to obtain diffracted wave forward data.
And performing addition processing on the reflected wave forward data and the diffracted wave forward data by using the following formula to obtain simulated seismic data:
wherein d ismodRepresenting simulated seismic data;is a reflection forward operator, which represents the forward processing of the reflected wave offset data, mrefReflected wave offset data representing a reflection model,the diffraction forward operator is used for performing forward processing on the diffraction wave offset data; m isdiffDiffracted wave offset data, d, representing a diffraction modelrefRepresenting reflected wave field data; ddiffRepresenting the diffracted wave wavefield data.
From the above equations, the simulated seismic data can be expressed as the sum of the reflection model and the diffraction model.
Corresponding to the method embodiment, the embodiment of the invention mainly describes the processing process of iterative updating of the wave field residual error objective function and the seismic model, and the specific processing process is as follows:
step (1), based on the seismic data and the simulated seismic data, obtaining a wave field residual objective function and a wave field residual value, wherein the step comprises the following steps:
processing the seismic data and the simulated seismic data by using the following formula to obtain a wave field residual error objective function:
wherein d ismodRepresenting simulated seismic data; dobsRepresenting seismic data; m isdiffRepresenting the diffraction model; m isrefRepresenting a reflection model; m isdiffα represents preset regularization parameters;
processing the seismic data and the simulated seismic data by using the following formula to obtain a wave field residual value:
e(mref，mdiff)＝dobs-dmod。
step (2), carrying out migration processing on the wave field residual error value to obtain the gradient of the wave field residual error target function, wherein the step comprises the following steps:
and (3) carrying out migration processing on the wave field residual error value by using the following formula to obtain a reflection gradient:
g(mref)＝Lrefe(mref ，mdiff)；
wherein L isrefThe reflection migration operator represents the reflection migration of the wave field residual value; l isrefCalculating the positive for reflectionTransposing;
and (3) shifting the wave field residual error value by using the following formula to obtain a diffraction gradient:
g(mdiff)＝Ldiffe(mref，mdiff)+α*mdiff；
wherein L isdiffIs a diffraction migration operator, expressing the diffraction migration of said wave field residual values, LdiffIs a diffraction operatorThe transposing of (1).
And (3) updating the reflection model according to the reflection gradient to obtain an updated reflection model, wherein the updating comprises the following steps: based on the reflection gradient, the update direction of the reflection model is calculated by the following formula:
wherein β is calculated by the following formulak：
Based on the calculated updating direction and the preset updating step length, updating the reflection model by using the following formula to obtain an updated reflection model:
wherein,representing the updated reflection model; lambda [ alpha ]kRepresents the update step size, dkIndicating the direction of the update.
The preset updating step length can be calculated by adopting an interpolation method to obtain an optimal step length value, and the optimal step length value is confirmed as the updating step length, such as for the objective functionThree different lambda values are calculated and then fitted with a parabolic equation, and the minimum point of the parabola is the optimal step value.
And (4) the process of updating the diffraction model according to the diffraction gradient is the same as the process of updating the reflection model according to the reflection gradient in the step (3), and is not described again here.
And (5) iteratively updating the wave field residual error target function according to the updated reflection model and the updated diffraction model and preset iteration times to obtain an optimal reflection model and an optimal diffraction model, so as to obtain a diffracted wave imaging result.
The embodiment of the invention describes the processing process of updating the reflection model, the diffraction model and the wave field residual error target function in detail by using a specific formula, and effectively improves the diffracted wave imaging precision and the accuracy and focusability of an imaging result by using a migration method and combining the least square thought.
Corresponding to the above embodiment of the present invention, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a diffracted wave imaging apparatus, as shown in fig. 3, including:
an acquisition module 30 for acquiring seismic data and velocity data;
the simulation module 31 is configured to perform simulation processing on a preset seismic model according to the velocity data to obtain simulated seismic data; the seismic model comprises a reflection model and a diffraction model;
a processing module 32, configured to obtain a wave field residual objective function and a wave field residual value based on the seismic data and the simulated seismic data;
the migration module 33 is configured to perform migration processing on the wave field residual error value to obtain a gradient of a wave field residual error target function; the gradient comprises a reflection gradient and a diffraction gradient;
the updating module 34 is configured to update the reflection model according to the reflection gradient to obtain an updated reflection model; updating the diffraction model according to the diffraction gradient to obtain an updated diffraction model;
and the imaging module 35 is configured to perform iterative update processing on the wave field residual error target function according to the updated reflection model and the updated diffraction model, so as to obtain a diffraction wave imaging result.
The simulation module 31 further includes: the simulation unit is used for respectively carrying out simulation processing on the reflection model and the diffraction model according to the speed data to obtain corresponding reflected wave field data and diffracted wave field data;
the migration unit is used for respectively carrying out migration processing on the reflected wave field data and the diffracted wave field data to obtain corresponding reflected wave migration data and diffracted wave migration data;
the forward unit is used for respectively carrying out forward processing on the reflected wave offset data and the diffracted wave offset data to obtain corresponding reflected wave forward data and diffracted wave forward data;
and the addition unit is used for performing addition processing on the reflected wave forward data and the diffracted wave forward data to obtain the simulated seismic data.
The diffracted wave imaging device provided by the embodiment of the invention has the same technical characteristics as the diffracted wave imaging method provided by the embodiment, so that the same technical problems can be solved, and the same technical effects can be achieved.
Corresponding to the above embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, the electronic device 4 further includes a memory 41 and a processor 42, where the memory 41 stores a computer program that can be executed on the processor 42, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the method provided by the above embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 4, the electronic device further includes: a bus 43 and a communication interface 44, the processor 42, the communication interface 44 and the memory 41 being connected by the bus 43; the processor 42 is for executing executable modules, such as computer programs, stored in the memory 41.
The Memory 41 may include a high-speed Random Access Memory (RAM) and may also include a non-volatile Memory (non-volatile Memory), such as at least one disk Memory. The communication connection between the network element of the system and at least one other network element is realized through at least one communication interface 44 (which may be wired or wireless), and the internet, a wide area network, a local network, a metropolitan area network, and the like can be used.
The bus 43 may be an ISA bus, a PCI bus, an EISA bus, or the like. The bus may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of illustration, only one double-headed arrow is shown in FIG. 4, but that does not indicate only one bus or one type of bus.
The memory 41 is used for storing a program, and the processor 42 executes the program after receiving the execution instruction, and the method performed by any of the foregoing embodiments of the present invention may be applied to the processor 42, or implemented by the processor 42.
The processor 42 may be an integrated circuit chip having signal processing capabilities. In implementation, the steps of the above method may be performed by instructions in the form of hardware, integrated logic circuits, or software in the processor 42. The Processor 42 may be a general-purpose Processor, and includes a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Network Processor (NP), and the like; the device can also be a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other Programmable logic device, a discrete Gate or transistor logic device, or a discrete hardware component. The various methods, steps and logic blocks disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention may be implemented or performed. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like. The steps of the method disclosed in connection with the embodiments of the present invention may be directly implemented by a hardware decoding processor, or implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor. The software module may be located in ram, flash memory, rom, prom, or eprom, registers, etc. storage media as is well known in the art. The storage medium is located in a memory 41, and a processor 42 reads information in the memory 41 and performs the steps of the method in combination with hardware thereof.
Embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer readable medium having non-volatile program code executable by a processor, where the program code causes the processor to execute the method according to the embodiments of the present invention.
The computer-readable medium having the processor-executable nonvolatile program code according to the embodiments of the present invention has the same technical features as those of the embodiments of the present invention according to the above embodiments, so that the same technical problems can be solved, and the same technical effects can be achieved.
The computer program product provided in the embodiment of the present invention includes a computer-readable storage medium storing a nonvolatile program code executable by a processor, where instructions included in the program code may be used to execute the method described in the foregoing method embodiment, and specific implementation may refer to the method embodiment, and is not described herein again.
The functions, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention, which are used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: any person skilled in the art can modify or easily conceive the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent substitutes for some technical features within the technical scope of the present disclosure; such modifications, changes or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included therein. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A diffracted wave imaging method, comprising:
acquiring seismic data and velocity data;
performing simulation processing on a preset seismic model according to the velocity data to obtain simulated seismic data; the seismic model comprises a reflection model and a diffraction model;
obtaining a wave field residual error target function and a wave field residual error value based on the seismic data and the simulated seismic data;
carrying out migration processing on the wave field residual error value to obtain the gradient of the wave field residual error target function; the gradient comprises a reflection gradient and a diffraction gradient;
updating the reflection model according to the reflection gradient to obtain an updated reflection model;
updating the diffraction model according to the diffraction gradient to obtain an updated diffraction model;
and carrying out iterative updating processing on the wave field residual error target function according to the updated reflection model and the updated diffraction model to obtain a diffracted wave imaging result.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of performing simulation processing on the preset seismic model according to the velocity data to obtain simulated seismic data comprises:
respectively carrying out simulation processing on the reflection model and the diffraction model according to the speed data to obtain corresponding reflected wave field data and diffracted wave field data;
respectively carrying out migration processing on the reflected wave field data and the diffracted wave field data to obtain corresponding reflected wave migration data and diffracted wave migration data;
respectively carrying out forward processing on the reflected wave offset data and the diffracted wave offset data to obtain corresponding reflected wave forward data and diffracted wave forward data;
and adding the reflected wave forward modeling data and the diffracted wave forward modeling data to obtain the simulated seismic data.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein deriving a wavefield residual objective function and a wavefield residual value based on the seismic data and the simulated seismic data comprises:
processing the seismic data and the simulated seismic data by using the following formula to obtain the wave field residual error objective function:
wherein d ismodRepresenting the simulated seismic data; dobsRepresenting the seismic data; m isdiffRepresenting the diffraction model; m isrefRepresenting the reflection model; m isdiffα represents preset regularization parameters;
processing the seismic data and the simulated seismic data by using the following formula to obtain the wave field residual value:
e(mref，mdiff)＝dobs-dmod。
4. the method of claim 3, wherein the shifting the wavefield residual values to obtain a gradient of the wavefield residual objective function comprises:
performing migration processing on the wave field residual error value by using the following formula to obtain the reflection gradient:
g(mref)＝Lrefe(mref，mdiff)；
wherein L isrefIs a reflection migration operator, which represents the reflection migration of the wave field residual value;
shifting the wave field residual value by using the following formula to obtain the diffraction gradient:
g(mdiff)＝Ldiffe(mref，mdiff)+α*mdiff；
wherein L isdiffIs a diffraction migration operator, which expresses diffraction migration of the wavefield residual values.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein updating the reflection model according to the reflection gradient to obtain an updated reflection model comprises:
obtaining an updating direction of the reflection model based on the reflection gradient;
based on the updating direction and a preset updating step length, updating the reflection model by using the following formula to obtain the updated reflection model:
wherein,representing the updated reflection model; lambda [ alpha ]kRepresents the update step size, dkIndicating the update direction.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein iteratively updating the wavefield residual objective function according to the updated reflection model and the updated diffraction model to obtain diffracted wave imaging results comprises:
and carrying out iteration updating processing on the wave field residual error target function according to preset iteration times to obtain the diffracted wave imaging result.
7. A diffracted wave imaging apparatus, comprising:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring seismic data and velocity data;
the simulation module is used for carrying out simulation processing on a preset seismic model according to the velocity data to obtain simulated seismic data; the seismic model comprises a reflection model and a diffraction model;
the processing module is used for obtaining a wave field residual error target function and a wave field residual error value based on the seismic data and the simulated seismic data;
the migration module is used for performing migration processing on the wave field residual error value to obtain the gradient of the wave field residual error target function; the gradient comprises a reflection gradient and a diffraction gradient;
the updating module is used for updating the reflection model according to the reflection gradient to obtain an updated reflection model; updating the diffraction model according to the diffraction gradient to obtain an updated diffraction model;
and the imaging module is used for carrying out iterative update processing on the wave field residual error target function according to the updated reflection model and the updated diffraction model to obtain a diffraction wave imaging result.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the simulation module comprises:
the simulation unit is used for respectively carrying out simulation processing on the reflection model and the diffraction model according to the speed data to obtain corresponding reflected wave field data and diffracted wave field data;
the migration unit is used for respectively performing migration processing on the reflected wave field data and the diffracted wave field data to obtain corresponding reflected wave migration data and diffracted wave migration data;
the forward unit is used for respectively carrying out forward processing on the reflected wave offset data and the diffracted wave offset data to obtain corresponding reflected wave forward data and diffracted wave forward data;
and the addition unit is used for adding the reflected wave forward modeling data and the diffracted wave forward modeling data to obtain the simulated seismic data.
9. An electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program operable on the processor, and wherein the processor implements the steps of the method of any of claims 1 to 6 when executing the computer program.
10. A computer-readable medium having non-volatile program code executable by a processor, wherein the program code causes the processor to perform the method of any of claims 1 to 6.
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