CN107942374A - Diffracted wave field extracting method and device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of diffracted wave field extracting method and device, is related to the technical field that diffracted wave field extracts, and this method includes：The prestack common offset trace gather data in pending area are obtained, wherein, prestack common offset trace gather data are to carry the data of bed boundary information in pending area；On the basis of decomposition of plane wave is carried out to prestack common offset trace gather data, L is used after being converted by warp wavelet to back wave part inclination angle0Norm carries out regularization constraint, obtains first object function of the diffracted wave field to be extracted on back wave part inclination angle；Target reflection slope of wave surface is solved using Trust Region Algorithm, wherein, target reflection slope of wave surface reaches back wave part inclination angle during minimum value for first object function；Combining target reflection slope of wave surface, prestack common offset trace gather data and first object function determine diffracted wave field to be extracted.The present invention alleviates the poor technical problem of diffracted wave precision of traditional diffracted wave extracting method extraction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of diffraction wave field extraction, in particular to a diffraction wave field extraction method and device.
Background
The conventional seismic exploration technology is based on a reflection wave theory, when seismic waves are transmitted in an underground space, the seismic waves meet a lithologic interface, reflection waves are generated according to the snell's law and are received by an earth surface detector, and therefore the reflection waves carry large-scale geological body information and can describe the stratigraphic structure and the trend in detail. Meanwhile, due to the interaction of the ground stress between the stratums, small-scale geologic bodies such as faults and cracks exist in the underground space, the small-scale geologic bodies cannot be accurately described by the reflection wave theory, but the geologic bodies are often closely related to energy sources such as petroleum, natural gas and coal bed gas, and therefore the exploration of the small-scale geologic bodies is very important.
Diffracted waves are the seismic response of small-scale geological bodies and carry information about the construction of the small-scale geological bodies, and thus, can be used to pinpoint non-uniform, discontinuous bodies, providing greater illumination of the subsurface space. However, since diffracted waves have low energy and are almost submerged in reflected waves, and are difficult to identify and use, diffracted wave separation is an essential step in the application of diffracted waves. In the existing method, a plane wave decomposition method is a commonly used diffracted wave separation method, and reflected waves are removed by estimating local inclination angles of the reflected waves. However, when the local dip of the reflected wave is estimated by the plane wave decomposition method, solution instability is often accompanied, so that the local dip of the reflected wave is not estimated accurately, the reflected wave suppression effect is affected, and the accuracy of the extracted diffracted wave is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a diffracted wave field extraction method and apparatus to alleviate the technical problem of the traditional diffracted wave extraction method that the accuracy of diffracted waves is poor.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a diffraction wavefield extraction method, including:
acquiring prestack common offset gather data in a region to be processed, wherein the prestack common offset gather data is data carrying stratum interface information in the region to be processed;
on the basis of carrying out plane wave decomposition on the prestack common offset gather data, the local inclination angle of the reflected wave is converted by curvelet conversion and then L is adopted 0 Carrying out regularization constraint on the norm to obtain a first target function of the diffraction wave field to be extracted about the local dip angle of the reflected wave;
solving a target reflected wave inclination angle, wherein the target reflected wave inclination angle is a reflected wave local inclination angle when the first target function reaches a minimum value;
and determining the diffraction wave field to be extracted by combining the target reflection wave inclination angle, the prestack common offset gather data and the first objective function.
With reference to the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where on the basis of performing plane wave decomposition on the prestack common offset gather data, L is adopted after performing sparse transformation on local dip of a reflected wave through curvelet transformation, and then L is adopted 0 And carrying out regularization constraint on the norm to obtain a first objective function of the diffraction wave field to be extracted about the local dip angle of the reflected wave, wherein the regularization constraint comprises the following steps:
establishing a data fitting item according to the prestack common offset gather data and the reflected wave local dip angle;
after the inclination angle of the reflected wave is converted by a curvelet, the inclination angle of the reflected wave is L 0 The norm carries out regularization constraint on the result obtained by the curvelet transformation to establish a regularization item;
adding the data fitting term and the regularization term, and taking the result of the addition as the first objective function.
With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where an equation of the first objective function is:
wherein r represents the diffracted wave field to be extracted,representing the data fit term, α | | | Ω (ρ) | luminance 0 Representing the regularization term, C representing a plane wave decomposition filter operator, d representing the prestack common offset gather data, Ω representing a curvelet transform operator, ρ representing a reflected wave local dip angle, | | | | 2 Represents L 2 Norm, | | | luminance 0 Represents L 0 The norm, α, represents the tuning parameter.
With reference to the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a third possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where the solving of the target reflected wave inclination angle includes:
constructing a trust domain subproblem of the first objective function, and obtaining a second objective function and a constraint condition about the updated variation of the dip angle of the reflected wave, wherein the second objective function is as follows:the constraint condition is | | xi k || 2 ≤Δ k Wherein, in the step (A),representing said second objective function, ξ k A solution, g, representing said trust domain sub-problem k A gradient representing the first objective function,denotes g k Transpose of (B) k A hessian matrix, Δ, representing the first objective function k Represents the confidence domain radius for the kth iteration;
and solving the sub-problem of the trust domain to obtain the updated variation of the reflected wave inclination angle, and determining the target reflected wave inclination angle based on the updated variation.
With reference to the third possible implementation manner of the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fourth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where solving the confidence domain sub-problem to obtain an updated variation of the reflected wave inclination angle includes:
and solving the sub-problem of the trust domain by adopting a truncation conjugate gradient method to obtain the updated variable quantity of the inclination angle of the reflected wave.
With reference to the third possible implementation manner of the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fifth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where the method further includes:
and in a space-time domain, performing mean smoothing on the target reflected wave inclination angle, and replacing the target reflected wave inclination angle before the smoothing processing with the target reflected wave inclination angle after the smoothing processing.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a diffraction wave field extraction apparatus, including: the system comprises an acquisition module, a processing module and a processing module, wherein the acquisition module is used for acquiring prestack common offset gather data in a region to be processed, and the prestack common offset gather data is data carrying stratum interface information in the region to be processed;
a construction module for transforming the local inclination angle of the reflected wave by curvelet transformation and then adopting L on the basis of performing plane wave decomposition on the prestack common offset gather data 0 Carrying out regularization constraint on the norm to obtain a first objective function of the diffraction wave field to be extracted about the local inclination of the reflected wave;
the solving module is used for solving a target reflected wave inclination angle, wherein the target reflected wave inclination angle is a reflected wave local inclination angle when the first objective function reaches a minimum value;
and the determining module is used for determining the diffraction wave field to be extracted by combining the target reflected wave inclination angle, the prestack common offset gather data and the first target function.
The embodiment of the invention brings the following beneficial effects:
the diffraction wave field extraction method comprises the following steps: acquiring prestack common offset gather data in an area to be processed, wherein the prestack common offset gather data is data carrying stratum interface information in the area to be processed; common offset gather number before stackingBased on the decomposition of plane wave, the local inclination angle of the reflected wave is sparsely transformed by curvelet transform and then L is adopted 0 Carrying out regularization constraint on the norm to obtain a first target function of the diffraction wave field to be extracted about the local dip angle of the reflected wave; solving a target reflected wave inclination angle, wherein the target reflected wave inclination angle is a reflected wave local inclination angle when the first objective function reaches a minimum value; and determining a diffraction wave field to be extracted by combining the target reflected wave inclination angle, the prestack common offset gather data and the first objective function.
The diffraction wave field extraction method uses L on the basis of plane wave decomposition 0 Carrying out sparsity constraint on the local dip angle of the reflected wave by norm and curvelet transformation, wherein the curvelet transformation is used as a sparse transformation method to sparsely express the local dip angle of the reflected wave; l is a radical of an alcohol 0 The norm is used as a method for calculating the number of nonzero elements in data, the sparsity of the data after sparse change is directly described, and L is used for 0 The norm carries out regularization constraint on the data after sparse change, so that the solution obtained by the first objective function is more stable, the purposes of suppressing reflected waves and extracting diffraction wave fields are achieved, and the technical problem that the diffracted wave precision extracted by the traditional diffracted wave extraction method is poor is solved.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by the practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
In order to make the aforementioned and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a diffraction wave field extraction method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for solving a target reflected wave tilt angle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a diffraction wave field extracting apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a structure of another diffraction wavefield extraction apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Icon: 100-an acquisition module; 200-building a module; 300-a solving module; 400-a determination module; 500-smoothing module.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In the existing method, a plane wave decomposition method is a commonly used diffracted wave separation method, and reflected waves are removed by estimating local inclination angles of the reflected waves. However, when the local dip of the reflected wave is estimated by the plane wave decomposition method, solution instability is often accompanied, so that the local dip of the reflected wave is not estimated accurately, the reflected wave suppression effect is affected, and the accuracy of the extracted diffracted wave is poor. Based on this, the method and the device for extracting the diffracted wave field provided by the embodiment of the invention are based on L 0 The regularization constraint scheme of norm and curvelet transformation can effectively estimate the local dip angle field of the reflected wave, achieve the beneficial effects of suppressing reflection and extracting diffraction, and relieveThe technical problem that the diffracted wave extracted by the traditional diffracted wave extraction method is poor in precision is solved. For the understanding of the present embodiment, a detailed description will be given of a diffraction wave field extraction method disclosed in the present embodiment.
Example one
An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for extracting a diffracted wave field, as shown in fig. 1, including:
step S102, pre-stack common offset gather data in the area to be processed is obtained, wherein the pre-stack common offset gather data is data carrying stratum interface information in the area to be processed.
In the embodiment of the invention, the common offset seismic gather data is seismic waves detected by an acquisition unit, and the specific process comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of adopting a manual method to excite seismic waves at a shot point, enabling the seismic waves to be transmitted in all directions, generating reflected waves and diffracted waves when encountering underground decomposition surfaces with different lithologies, enabling the reflected waves and the diffracted waves to return to the ground to cause ground vibration, and then arranging an acquisition unit along a position equidistant from the shot point to detect the seismic waves which cause the ground vibration.
It should be noted that, because the detected seismic waves are transformed by the underground formation medium, the formation boundary information at least includes the geological structure and the formation lithology, and the data carrying the formation boundary information includes time, speed, and frequency.
Step S104, on the basis of carrying out plane wave decomposition on the pre-stack common offset gather data, the local inclination angle of the reflected wave is converted by curvelet conversion and then L is adopted 0 And carrying out regularization constraint on the norm to obtain a first objective function of the to-be-extracted diffraction wave field about the local dip angle of the reflected wave.
Specifically, the current plane wave decomposition method only removes the reflected wave by estimating the local tilt angle of the reflected wave; according to the diffraction wave field extraction method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the plane wave decomposition is carried out on the prestack common offset gather data, and meanwhile, the sparse change is carried out on the local inclination angle of the reflected wave through the curvelet transformationAnd taking L as the result of the curvelet transform 0 And carrying out regularization constraint on the norm, thereby constructing a first objective function of the diffraction wave field to be extracted about the local inclination of the reflected wave.
And step S106, solving a target reflected wave inclination angle, wherein the target reflected wave inclination angle is a reflected wave local inclination angle when the first objective function reaches the minimum value.
And step S108, determining a diffraction wave field to be extracted by combining the target reflected wave inclination angle, the prestack common offset gather data and the first objective function.
Specifically, the target reflected wave dip is substituted into a first objective function to determine a diffracted wave field to be extracted.
In the embodiment of the invention, curvelet transform is used as a sparse transform method, and the local inclination angle of the reflected wave is sparsely represented; l is 0 The norm is used as a method for calculating the number of nonzero elements in data, the sparsity of the data after sparse change is directly described, and L is used for 0 The norm carries out regularization constraint on the data after the curvelet transformation, so that the solution obtained by the first objective function is more stable, and the technical problem of poor diffracted wave precision extracted by the traditional diffracted wave extraction method is solved.
On the basis of carrying out plane wave decomposition on prestack common offset gather data, L is adopted after sparse transformation is carried out on local inclination angles of reflected waves through curvelet transformation 0 And carrying out regularization constraint on the norm to obtain a first objective function of the to-be-extracted diffraction wave field about the local dip angle of the reflected wave, wherein the regularization constraint comprises the following steps:
establishing a data fitting item according to the prestack common offset gather data and the local inclination angle of the reflected wave;
after the inclination angle of the reflected wave is converted by the curvelet, the L is passed 0 The norm carries out regularization constraint on a result obtained by the curvelet transformation to establish a regularization item;
and adding the data fitting term and the regularization term, and taking the result of the addition as a first objective function.
Specifically, the formula of the established first objective function is:
where r represents the diffracted wave field to be extracted,representing the data fitting term, alpha | Ω (ρ) | pre-calculation 0 Representing a regularization term, C representing a plane wave decomposition filter operator, d representing prestack common offset gather data, omega representing a curvelet transformation operator, ρ representing a reflected wave local inclination angle, | | | | | n 2 Represents L 2 Norm, | | | luminance 0 Represents L 0 The norm, α, represents the tuning parameter.
In another alternative implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the solving the target reflected wave inclination angle includes:
step S201, constructing a trust domain subproblem of the first objective function, and obtaining a second objective function and a constraint condition about an updated variation of a reflection wave inclination angle, where the second objective function is:the constraint condition is | | xi k || 2 ≤Δ k Wherein, in the step (A),representing a second objective function, ξ k Solution, g, representing the trust domain subproblem k A gradient of the first objective function is represented,denotes g k Transpose of (B) k Hessian matrix, Δ, representing a first objective function k Representing the confidence domain radius for the kth iteration.
In addition, g is k The gradient representing the first objective function, namely: g k Representing a first derivative of the first objective function with respect to the reflected wave inclination; b is k A hessian matrix representing a first objective function, namely: b is k Representing the first objective function pair reflectionSecond derivative of wave inclination angle.
Step S202, solving the sub-problem of the trust domain to obtain the updated variation of the reflected wave inclination angle, and determining the target reflected wave inclination angle based on the updated variation.
Specifically, the process of solving the target reflected wave inclination angle adopts a confidence domain algorithm, and the confidence domain algorithm specifically comprises the following steps:
a. acquiring an initial value of a reflected wave inclination angle and an initial value of a trust domain radius;
b. from the initial value of the angle of inclination of the reflected wave p 1 And an initial value of trust domain radius Δ 1 Starting iteration, calculating the first and second derivatives of the first objective function to the inclination, i.e. the gradient g k And Heisen matrix B k And is based on g k 、B k Andconstructing a second objective function
c. Combined constraint | | xi k || 2 ≤Δ k Solving a solution ξ of a second objective function k ；
d. At the k-th iteration, based on ρ k Calculating r k And will be rho k And xi k R as an argument of the first objective function k+1 ；
e. Based on xi k Computing
f. Based on r k 、r k+1 Andthe measurement parameter p is calculated by the following formula k ：
g. According to p k The value of the reflected wave inclination angle field is updated according to a reflected wave inclination angle field updating formula and a confidence domain radius updating formula to obtain a reflected wave inclination angle updating value rho output after the kth iterative computation k+1 Confidence domain radius update value delta k+1 Wherein, the reflected wave inclination angle field updating formula is as follows:
the confidence domain radius update formula is as follows:
η 1 representing a first predetermined threshold, η 2 Representing a second predetermined threshold, σ 1 Denotes a first adjustment parameter, σ 2 Representing a second adjustment parameter, σ 3 Denotes a third regulating parameter, Δ max A preset maximum value representing the radius of the trust domain,
wherein K is sequentially valued from 1 to K, K represents the iteration times when the convergence is reached in the process of solving the target reflected wave inclination angle by the trust domain algorithm, and rho is obtained after the K-th iteration K+1 Namely the target reflected wave inclination angle.
In the embodiment of the invention, the reflected wave inclination angle is calculated by utilizing a confidence domain algorithm, so that the reflected wave is better suppressed, and the high fidelity of the extracted diffraction wave field is further facilitated.
In another optional implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the confidence domain sub-problem is solved by using a truncated conjugate gradient method, so as to obtain an updated variation amount of the reflected wave inclination angle.
Specifically, i.e., step c, described above, in combination with the constraint | | ξ k || 2 ≤Δ k Solving the solution xi of the second objective function k For solving by using the truncated conjugate gradient method, the following formula can be used for detailed solving：
Wherein ξ k(0) For a predetermined initial value of the updated variation of the angle of inclination of the reflected wave, q (j) Is the updating direction;a gradient representing a second objective function; delta j And beta j All represent step adjustment factors; t represents the error of two iterations before and after the iteration in the truncated conjugate gradient method,
wherein J is sequentially from 1 to J, and J is t and reaches t for the first time&When sigma is a preset error threshold value, the iteration times of the conjugate gradient method are cut off; the change quantity xi of the reflected wave inclination angle obtained by the J-th iteration of the truncation conjugate gradient method k(J+1) I.e. the solution ξ of the second objective function in the kth iteration of the confidence domain algorithm k 。
In another optional implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the method for extracting a diffracted wave field further includes:
and in the space-time domain, performing mean smoothing on the target reflected wave inclination angle, and replacing the target reflected wave inclination angle before the smoothing processing by the target reflected wave inclination angle after the smoothing processing.
In the embodiment of the invention, the target reflected wave dip angle is subjected to space-time domain mean smoothing, then the smoothed target reflected wave dip angle is substituted into the target function, so that the reflected wave is eliminated, and the diffraction wave field is extracted.
Example two
As shown in fig. 3 to 4, a diffraction wave field extracting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention is provided.
Referring to fig. 3, the diffracted wave field extraction device includes:
the acquiring module 100 is configured to acquire prestack common offset gather data in an area to be processed, where the prestack common offset gather data is data that carries information of a stratum interface in the area to be processed;
a building module 200, configured to transform a local inclination angle of a reflected wave through curvelet transform and then adopt L based on plane wave decomposition of the pre-stack common offset gather data 0 Carrying out regularization constraint on the norm to obtain a first target function of the diffraction wave field to be extracted about the local dip angle of the reflected wave;
a solving module 300, configured to solve a target reflected wave inclination angle, where the target reflected wave inclination angle is a reflected wave local inclination angle when the first objective function reaches a minimum value;
a determining module 400 for determining a diffraction wavefield to be extracted in combination with the target reflected wave dip, the prestack common offset gather data, and the first objective function.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the obtaining module 100 obtains prestack common offset gather data, and the constructing module 200 uses L 0 Carrying out sparsity constraint on the local dip angle of the reflected wave by norm and curvelet transformation, wherein the curvelet transformation is used as a sparse transformation method to sparsely represent the local dip angle of the reflected wave; l is 0 The norm is used as a method for calculating the number of nonzero elements in the data, the sparsity of the data after sparse change is directly described, and L is used for calculating the number of the nonzero elements in the data 0 The norm regularizes and constrains the sparsely changed data, so that a solution obtained by the first objective function through the solving module 300 is more stable, and then the determining module 400 determines that the precision of a diffraction wave field to be extracted is better by combining the target reflected wave inclination angle, the prestack common offset gather data and the first objective function, thereby relieving the technical problem that the precision of diffraction waves extracted by the traditional diffraction wave extracting method is poorer.
In an optional implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the building module 200 is configured to:
establishing a data fitting item according to the prestack common offset gather data and the local inclination angle of the reflected wave;
after the inclination angle of the reflected wave is converted by the curvelet, the L is passed 0 The norm carries out regularization constraint on a result obtained by the curvelet transformation to establish a regularization item;
and adding the data fitting term and the regularization term, and taking the result of the addition as a first objective function.
In another optional implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the formula of the first objective function is:
where r represents the diffracted wave field to be extracted,representing the data fitting term, alpha | Ω (ρ) | pre-calculation 0 Representing a regularization term, C representing a plane wave decomposition filter operator, d representing prestack common offset gather data, omega representing a curvelet transformation operator, ρ representing a reflected wave local inclination angle, | | | | | n 2 Represents L 2 Norm, | | | luminance 0 Represents L 0 The norm, α, represents the tuning parameter.
In another optional implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the solving module 300 is configured to:
constructing a trust domain subproblem of the first objective function, and obtaining a second objective function and a constraint condition about the updated variation of the dip angle of the reflected wave, wherein the second objective function is as follows:the constraint condition is | | xi k || 2 ≤Δ k Wherein, in the step (A),representing a second objective function, ξ k Solution, g, representing the trust domain subproblem k A gradient representing a first objective function is determined,denotes g k Transpose of (B) k Hessian matrix, Δ, representing a first objective function k Represents the confidence domain radius for the kth iteration;
solving the sub-problem of the trust domain to obtain the updated variation of the reflected wave inclination angle, and determining the target reflected wave inclination angle based on the updated variation.
In another optional implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the solving module 300 is configured to:
and solving the sub-problem of the trust domain by using a truncation conjugate gradient method to obtain the updated variable quantity of the inclination angle of the reflected wave.
In another optional implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the diffraction wavefield extraction apparatus further includes:
and a smoothing module 500, configured to perform mean smoothing on the target reflected wave inclination angle in the space-time domain, and replace the target reflected wave inclination angle before the smoothing processing with the target reflected wave inclination angle after the smoothing processing.
The computer program product of the method and the apparatus for extracting a diffracted wave field according to the embodiments of the present invention includes a computer readable storage medium storing a program code, where instructions included in the program code may be used to execute the method in the foregoing method embodiments, and specific implementation may refer to the method embodiments, and will not be described herein again.
It is clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the system and the apparatus described above may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.
In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The functions, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, and various media capable of storing program codes.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the following descriptions are only illustrative and not restrictive, and that the scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments: any person skilled in the art can modify or easily conceive the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent substitutes for some technical features within the technical scope of the present disclosure; such modifications, changes or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included therein. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method of diffracted wavefield extraction, comprising:
acquiring prestack common offset gather data in a region to be processed, wherein the prestack common offset gather data is data carrying stratum interface information in the region to be processed;
on the basis of carrying out plane wave decomposition on the prestack common offset gather data, the local inclination angle of the reflected wave is converted by curvelet conversion and then L is adopted 0 Carrying out regularization constraint on the norm to obtain a first objective function of the diffraction wave field to be extracted about the local inclination of the reflected wave;
solving a target reflected wave inclination angle, wherein the target reflected wave inclination angle is a reflected wave local inclination angle when the first target function reaches a minimum value;
and determining the to-be-extracted diffraction wave field by combining the target reflected wave inclination angle, the prestack common offset gather data and the first objective function.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein L is used after sparse transformation of local dip of reflected wave by curvelet transformation based on plane wave decomposition of the prestack common-offset gather data 0 And carrying out regularization constraint on the norm to obtain a first objective function of the to-be-extracted diffraction wave field about the local dip angle of the reflected wave, wherein the regularization constraint comprises the following steps:
establishing a data fitting item according to the prestack common offset gather data and the reflected wave local dip angle;
after the inclination angle of the reflected wave is converted by a curvelet, the inclination angle of the reflected wave is L 0 The norm carries out regularization constraint on the result obtained by the curvelet transformation to establish a regularization item;
adding the data fitting term and the regularization term, and taking the result of the addition as the first objective function.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the first objective function is formulated as:
wherein r represents the diffracted wave field to be extracted,representing the data fit term, α | | | Ω (ρ) | luminance 0 Representing the regularization term, C representing a plane wave decomposition filter operator, d representing the pre-stack common offset gather data, Ω representing a curvelet transform operator, ρ representing a reflected wave local inclination angle, | | | | | circuitry 2 Represents L 2 Norm, | | | luminance 0 Represents L 0 The norm, α, represents the tuning parameter.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein solving for a target reflected wave dip angle comprises:
constructing a trust domain subproblem of the first objective function, and obtaining a second objective function and a constraint condition about the updated variation of the dip angle of the reflected wave, wherein the second objective function is as follows:the constraint condition is | | xi k || 2 ≤Δ k Wherein, in the step (A),representing said second objective function, ξ k A solution, g, representing said trust domain sub-problem k A gradient representing the first objective function,is represented by g k Transpose of (B) k A hessian matrix, Δ, representing the first objective function k Represents the confidence domain radius for the kth iteration;
and solving the sub-problem of the trust domain to obtain the updated variation of the reflected wave inclination angle, and determining the target reflected wave inclination angle based on the updated variation.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein solving the confidence domain sub-problem to obtain an updated variance of the reflected wave tilt angle comprises:
and solving the sub-problem of the trust domain by adopting a truncation conjugate gradient method to obtain the updated variable quantity of the inclination angle of the reflected wave.
6. The method of claim 4, further comprising:
and in a space-time domain, performing mean smoothing on the target reflected wave inclination angle, and replacing the target reflected wave inclination angle before the smoothing processing with the target reflected wave inclination angle after the smoothing processing.
7. A diffracted wave field extraction apparatus, comprising:
the system comprises an acquisition module, a processing module and a processing module, wherein the acquisition module is used for acquiring prestack common offset gather data in a region to be processed, and the prestack common offset gather data is data carrying stratum interface information in the region to be processed;
a construction module for transforming the local inclination angle of the reflected wave by curvelet transformation and then adopting L on the basis of performing plane wave decomposition on the prestack common offset gather data 0 Carrying out regularization constraint on the norm to obtain a first objective function of the diffraction wave field to be extracted about the local inclination of the reflected wave;
the solving module is used for solving a target reflected wave inclination angle, wherein the target reflected wave inclination angle is a reflected wave local inclination angle when the first objective function reaches a minimum value;
and the determining module is used for determining the diffraction wave field to be extracted by combining the target reflected wave inclination angle, the prestack common offset gather data and the first target function.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the build module is configured to:
establishing a data fitting item according to the prestack common offset gather data and the reflected wave local dip angle;
after the inclination angle of the reflected wave is converted by a curvelet, the inclination angle of the reflected wave is L 0 The norm carries out regularization constraint on the result obtained by the curvelet transformation to establish a regularization item;
adding the data fitting term and the regularization term, and taking the result of the addition as the first objective function.
9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the first objective function is formulated as:
wherein r represents the diffracted wave field to be extracted,representing the data fit term, α | | | Ω (ρ) | luminance 0 Representing the regularization term, C representing a plane wave decomposition filter operator, d representing the pre-stack common offset gather data, Ω representing a curvelet transform operator, ρ representing a reflected wave local inclination angle, | | | | | circuitry 2 Represents L 2 Norm, | | | luminance 0 Represents L 0 The norm, α, represents the tuning parameter.
10. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the solving module is configured to:
constructing a trust domain subproblem for said first objective function, derived from information related toA second objective function of the updated change amount of the dip angle of the reflected wave and a constraint condition, wherein the second objective function is as follows:the constraint condition is | | xi k || 2 ≤Δ k Wherein, in the step (A),representing said second objective function, ξ k A solution, g, representing said trust domain sub-problem k A gradient representing the first objective function is determined,denotes g k Transpose of (B) k A hessian matrix, Δ, representing the first objective function k Represents the confidence domain radius for the kth iteration;
and solving the sub-problem of the trust domain to obtain the updated variation of the reflected wave inclination angle, and determining the target reflected wave inclination angle based on the updated variation.
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