CN109490418A - A kind of Chinese prickly ash quality rapid detection method, device and application - Google Patents
A kind of Chinese prickly ash quality rapid detection method, device and application Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Chinese prickly ash quality rapid detection method, device and applications to detect water content the method includes utilizing sound transducer indirectly；Chinese prickly ash size, color, quick-fried seed rate, mildew degree are detected using visual sensor；The smell issued using smell sensor detection Chinese prickly ash；Utilize the weight of pressure sensor measurement Chinese prickly ash；The signal that the sensor is acquired by data processing system carries out data processing by single-chip microcontroller by handling and being merged by weight, final to obtain the Chinese prickly ash index of quality.The present invention can carry out globality evaluation to Chinese prickly ash by sensor, guarantee the stability of detection architecture and the homogeneity of testing result, realize the quick, lossless of Chinese prickly ash quality, intelligent measurement, and the device is easy to carry, easy to operate, can be widely used.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of agricultural product quality detection, in particular to a method and a device for quickly detecting the quality of peppers and application.
Background
The Chinese prickly ash, the first of thirteen spices, is a plant with homology of medicine and food, has the characteristics of full color and fresh and fragrant flavor, and is widely favored by people. During the production, processing, storage and transportation of the pepper, the pepper is very easily influenced by external factors, such as oxygen, temperature, moisture and mechanical damage, and the phenomena of moisture content increase, easy dampness and mildew, color change, oil gland rupture, numb taste reduction and fragrance weakening can be caused.
At present, the common detection methods for judging the quality of the pepper comprise artificial sensory detection, chemical method detection and instrument detection, but all have certain defects, and similar quality is difficult to distinguish. The commonly adopted pepper detection method comprises the following steps: 1. the moisture detection of the pepper usually adopts a heating drying method, and the moisture content is predicted by calculating the weight difference before and after the pepper is dried, so that the method is long in time consumption, complicated to operate and inaccurate in result. 2. The appearance, color, seed explosion and mildew of the pepper are detected by adopting a manual visual observation method, the detection speed is low, manpower and material resources are consumed, objective and accurate effects cannot be achieved, and standardization and quantification are difficult to realize. 3. The method for detecting the spicy taste and the fragrance of the pepper is usually an artificial nose smelling and mouth tasting method, and three factors of external environmental conditions, sensory evaluation personnel and prepared samples can independently or synergistically influence sensory detection results.
Nowadays, although the quality indexes of the pepper are detected by using gas sensors, electrochemical sensors and visual sensors at home and abroad, most of the quality indexes mainly pay attention to the contribution of single indexes to the overall quality. However, the evaluation from only a single index does not have integrity and representativeness, and the influence of the synergy or antagonism among the indexes on the overall quality is ignored, so that the quality of the pepper cannot be comprehensively detected. Therefore, how to design a method capable of rapidly detecting the comprehensive quality of the pepper is the research direction of the technicians in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for rapidly detecting the quality of pepper, which is characterized in that the pepper is integrally evaluated through a sensor, the stability of a detection system and the uniformity of a detection result are ensured, the rapid, nondestructive and intelligent detection of the quality of pepper is realized, and the problems that the quality of pepper cannot be accurately evaluated by the conventional pepper detection method and the conventional sensor can only evaluate a single index, and the evaluation result does not have integrity and representativeness are solved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a quick detection method for the quality of peppers utilizes a sound sensor to indirectly detect the water content by measuring the sound frequency and amplitude of the peppers with different water contents touching an impact disc; acquiring a dynamic image of the pepper by using a visual sensor, detecting the size, the color, the seed explosion rate and the mildew degree of the pepper, and transmitting the image into a computer system to enable image information to be digitalized; detecting the odor emitted by the pepper by using an odor sensor, comparing the fragrance and the numb taste of the pepper to be detected with the concentration of a standard substance, and detecting the odor quality of the pepper; measuring the weight of the pepper by using a pressure sensor;
collecting the signals of the sensors through a data processing system, converting the analog signals collected by the sensors into digital signals through amplification, filtering and denoising, fusing according to the weight, and finally feeding back the digital signals to a single chip microcomputer for data processing;
the single chip microcomputer classifies and decides a relation model of the moisture and the sound of the pepper, a pepper shape, color, seed explosion and mildew identification algorithm, a pepper smell identification model equation and a pressure and temperature and humidity data processing algorithm, and finally obtains pepper quality indexes.
The invention also provides a device for rapidly detecting the quality of the peppers, which is designed according to the method and comprises a test box, a constant temperature and humidity device, a function detection system and a data processing system; wherein,
soundproof cotton is attached to the inner wall of the box body of the test box, and the whole box body is in a sealed state;
the constant temperature and humidity device comprises a temperature control system arranged at the bottom of the box body and a humidifier arranged on the inner wall of the box body; the temperature control system consists of a heating plate and a temperature controller and is used for adjusting and controlling the temperature in the box; the wet and dry device is mainly used for keeping the humidity in the box;
the function detection system comprises a pricklyash peel water content detection system based on a sound sensor, a pricklyash peel appearance quality detection system based on a visual sensor, a pricklyash peel odor quality detection system based on a gas sensor and a weight detection device;
the data processing system comprises a signal amplifier, an AD conversion circuit and a singlechip; the signal amplifier is used for amplifying, filtering and denoising sensor signals, the AD conversion circuit is used for analog-to-digital conversion, analog signals collected by the sound sensor, the vision sensor, the gas sensor and the pressure sensor are converted into digital signals, detection results of all systems are fused according to a certain weight, and finally real-time data are fed back; the single chip microcomputer is the core of operation, and a relation model of pepper moisture and sound, pepper shape, color, seed explosion and mildew identification algorithms, a pepper smell identification model equation, a pressure and temperature and humidity data processing algorithm and a multi-sensor fusion data acquisition, data processing, classification decision and fusion analysis algorithm are written in the single chip microcomputer.
Further, prickly ash water content detecting system based on sound sensor includes doffer, striking dish, receiver and sound sensor, doffer establishes the upper portion of box, the striking dish is located doffer's below, sound sensor is located the below of this striking dish to be close to the striking dish, the receiver is located the bottom of box.
Further, the blanking device comprises a blanking hopper and a sliding chute, wherein the blanking hopper is arranged above the box body and communicated with the interior of the box body, and the sliding chute is obliquely arranged in the box body; the spout is triangle-shaped spout, and the notch of this spout is the U type, is connected with the vibrations board in the bottom of spout, is equipped with the shock motor on this vibrations board. The notch of spout is to striking dish direction slope, ensures that the prickly ash can be smooth and easy fall and strike the striking dish from the notch of spout.
Further, the vision sensor-based pepper appearance quality detection system comprises a photoelectric sensor and two cameras, wherein the photoelectric sensor is positioned in the middle of the upper part of the box body and below the sliding groove; the two cameras are respectively arranged on the left side wall and the right side wall of the box body and are positioned between the photoelectric sensor and the impact disc.
Further, prickly ash smell quality detecting system based on gas sensor includes at least one gas sensor array, the sensor array is established on the inner wall of box.
Further, the gas sensor array includes four gas sensors, wherein the gas sensors are of one or more of model MQ-2, MQ-3, MQ-5, MQ-7, MQ135, MQ136, MQ137, or MQ 138.
Further, prickly ash smell quality detection system based on gas sensor still includes the fan of mixing gas, mix the gas fan and install on the left side wall of accommodation chamber to be located the top of camera.
Further, the weight detecting device is a pressure sensor which is arranged below the impact disc and is closely attached to the impact disc.
The invention also provides an application of the device for quickly detecting the pepper quality, a certain amount of pepper to be detected enters the chute from the blanking hopper and falls from the notch of the chute, the photoelectric sensor detects and counts the falling information of the pepper, and simultaneously transmits the falling information to the data processing module, and the data processing module controls the camera to shoot the pepper to obtain a dynamic image when the pepper falls; the counting information and the dynamic image are transmitted to a data processing module for analysis and processing;
when the fallen Chinese prickly ash impacts the impact disc, the pressure sensor collects pressure data and transmits the collected pressure data to the data processing module; meanwhile, the sound sensor collects the sound generated when the Chinese prickly ash impacts the impact disk and transmits a sound signal to the data processing module; under the action of the gas mixing fan, the gas sensor array collects the fragrance and the spicy information of the peppers and transmits the fragrance and the spicy information to the data processing system; after the Chinese prickly ash to be detected falls down and impacts the impact disc, all Chinese prickly ash falls into the containing box;
the data processing module analyzes and processes the dynamic images, the counting information, the pressure data, the sound signals and the fragrance and numb taste information collected in the steps, and outputs the quality result of the Chinese prickly ash.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the rapid detection method for the pepper quality can ensure that the water content of the pepper is predicted through the amplitude of the sound detection device under the condition of not damaging the original physicochemical properties of the pepper, solves the problems of long time consumption and complex operation of the traditional detection, and has the characteristics of rapidness and intelligence; the visual detection device digitizes the acquired image information of the pepper, so that artificial sensory errors are reduced; the odor detection device can collect the fragrance and the numb odor emitted by the peppers and carry out quick, nondestructive, intelligent and comprehensive detection on the quality of the gas generated by the peppers; the constant temperature and humidity device ensures the constancy of the temperature and the humidity of the whole detection system, so that the detection process is not influenced by the outside. The data processing module converts and amplifies analog signals generated by the sound sensor, the vision sensor, the gas sensor and the pressure sensor into digital signals, so that the pepper detection and informatization technology are fused, and the intelligence and the advancement of the technology are reflected. The rapid detection method for the quality of the pepper provided by the invention can acquire and analyze a plurality of detection indexes in a short time, accurately evaluate the comprehensive quality of the pepper, and the evaluated quality of the pepper has integrity and representativeness.
2. The rapid pepper quality detection device provided by the invention is complete in function, light, small and portable, the box body is in a sealed state, external noise is isolated, gas volatilization is prevented, and the pepper smell detection accuracy is ensured. The pepper comprehensive quality detection device with the multi-sensor fusion can adjust the weight of each index according to the requirements of different customers and formulate an individualized detection scheme for the customers. In order to realize the rapid, nondestructive and intelligent detection of the quality of the pepper. In addition, the pepper detection device is convenient to carry and simple to operate, and can be widely applied to household users, pepper deep processing enterprises, pepper transportation enterprises, institutions, canteens, supermarkets and the like.
3. The quick pepper quality detection device disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the application steps are few, the quality evaluation result of the pepper can be quickly obtained by using simple steps, the quality evaluation result is displayed by the display screen and is visually presented, a large amount of manpower resources can be saved, the pepper quality evaluation efficiency is greatly improved, and the accuracy is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the rapid pepper quality detection device in the invention.
Fig. 3 is a top view of fig. 2 (door not shown).
Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along line a-a in fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a chute in the rapid pepper quality detection device.
In the figure: 1. hopper, 2, box, 3, soundproof cotton, 4, light, 5, gas mixing fan, 6, gas sensor array 1, 7, camera 1, 8, camera 2, 9, gas sensor array 2, 10, pressure sensor, 11, sound sensor, 12, receiver, 13, gas sensor array 3, 14, striking dish, 15, photoelectric sensor, 16, spout down.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, a method for rapidly detecting the quality of pepper comprises the following steps:
acquiring the characteristic quantity of the pepper by a data acquisition mechanism, and carrying out classification operation by a data processing system to obtain a detection result; wherein, the water content is indirectly detected by using a sound sensor through measuring the sound frequency and amplitude of the Chinese prickly ash with different water contents when touching the impact disc; acquiring a dynamic image of the pepper by using a visual sensor, detecting the size, the color, the seed explosion rate and the mildew degree of the pepper, and transmitting the image into a computer system to enable image information to be digitalized; detecting the odor emitted by the pepper by using an odor sensor, comparing the fragrance and the numb taste of the pepper to be detected with the concentration of a standard substance, and detecting the odor quality of the pepper; measuring the weight of the pepper by using a pressure sensor;
collecting the signals of the sensors through a data processing system, converting the analog signals collected by the sensors into digital signals through amplification, filtering and denoising, fusing according to the weight, and finally feeding back the digital signals to a single chip microcomputer for data processing;
the single chip microcomputer classifies and decides a relation model of the moisture and the sound of the pepper, a pepper shape, color, seed explosion and mildew identification algorithm, a pepper smell identification model equation and a pressure and temperature and humidity data processing algorithm, and finally obtains pepper quality indexes.
Secondly, referring to fig. 2, the device for rapidly detecting the quality of the peppers is designed according to the method and comprises a test box, a constant temperature and humidity device, a function detection system and a data processing system. Wherein,
1. a test box: the box 2 is made of high-strength synthetic wood boards, is in a cuboid shape, is 250mm long, 250mm wide and 300mm high, and sound insulation cotton 3 is attached to the inner wall of the box 2 so as to achieve a better sound insulation effect and avoid the influence of external factors on the sound signal collection process. Whole box 2 is encapsulated situation, prevents that the gas composition that awaits measuring from leaking, and the volatile materials of the prickly ash is gathered to the gas sensor array of being convenient for, and temperature control system is installed to 2 bottoms of box for maintain the invariant of incasement temperature.
2. Constant temperature and humidity device: the heating plate is adopted for heating to ensure that the temperature of the system is constant at 37 ℃, and the allochroic silica gel is placed to absorb the moisture in the system, so that the detection space achieves the effects of constant temperature and constant humidity, and the stability of the detection system and the uniformity of the detection result are ensured. A temperature control system is arranged at the bottom of the box and can keep the temperature of the system constant at room temperature; a drier-humidifier is arranged on the inner wall of the box body 2 at a distance of 150mm from the top of the box body, and the moisture content in the box body 2 is controlled to be constant within a standard range.
3. A function detection system, comprising:
(1) prickly ash water content detecting system based on sound sensor
The system comprises a blanking device, an impact disc 14, a storage box 12 and a sound sensor 11. The blanking device consists of a blanking hopper 1 and a chute 16. A blanking hopper with the diameter of 15mm is selected to ensure that the pepper falls smoothly without a bayonet phenomenon; the vibration plate and the chute 16 are connected and assembled, the bottom of the vibration plate adopts a V-shaped chute design, and the plate surface is provided with a 1015 type power vibration motor and a 1234 type flat vibration motor. The 16 mouths of the sliding grooves are designed in a U shape, so that a certain buffering effect is achieved on the falling of the peppers, the falling speed of the peppers is effectively controlled, the single-grain falling of the peppers is realized, and the cooperative detection of other sensing systems is facilitated. The impact receiving device is composed of an impact disk 14 and a storage case 12. The impact plate 14 is a blue copper disc with a diameter of 70mm, and a sound sensor 11 is arranged 10mm below the vibration plate. According to the blanking orbit, the vibrations board is the best angle and highly settles with the bottom of the case, is convenient for enlarge the collection of sound signal and sound data, confirms the best mounted position of receiver 12 simultaneously according to the bounce-back orbit of prickly ash, avoids the prickly ash to fall out and scatters in box 2. The sound sensor 11 adopts an AWA14608U type interface microphone, is arranged below the impact disc 14 through an optimized position and is used for receiving, amplifying, filtering and transmitting sound signals, so that the strength of the signals collected by the sound sensor 11 is high. Soundproof cotton 3 is attached to inside 2 boxes, isolated external noise, reduces sound detection device's error, provides noiseless, noiseless detection environment for sound detecting system.
After the pepper falls and impacts the metal plate, in order to ensure the stability and the sensitivity of the sound signal collected by the sound sensor 11, the best test condition is determined through a single-factor test and an orthogonal test. The optimal test conditions are that the falling height of the pepper is 10cm, the material of the impact disc 14 is blue copper, the inclination angle of the impact disc 14 is 45 degrees, and the distance between the sensor and the sound source is 1 cm. The acoustic signals collected by the sound sensor 11 are introduced into Praat software, the sampling frequency is set to 44100Hz, an acoustic signal time domain diagram is obtained, and images are preprocessed. After filtering and denoising, sound characteristic parameters such as sound intensity, amplitude difference, duration, peak value, minimum value, pitch and time required for reaching the peak value are extracted. And (3) carrying out BP network training by using MATLAB, inputting 120 groups of sample numbers, and after carrying out normalization processing on data, setting the trained model parameters as: expected error minimum of 1e-10The learning rate is 2 and the momentum constant is 0.9. When the training process reaches the set parameters, the training is automatically stopped. And then testing, verifying and correcting the established neural network prediction model to form a relation model of the water content of the pepper and the impact sound parameters of the pepper. Inputting the established relation model into a single chip microcomputer, and outputting the relation model to a display to obtain the moisture information of the pepper after the operation of the single chip microcomputer, thereby forming the pepper moisture content detection system based on the sound sensor 11.
(2) Chinese prickly ash appearance quality detection system based on visual sensor
Mainly comprises a camera 7, an illuminating lamp 4, a photoelectric sensor 15 and the like. The cameras 7 and 8 are used for collecting dynamic images of the Chinese prickly ash when falling, the cameras 7 and 8 select high-quality CCD cameras with fixed imaging, information processing and large-capacity memories, the installation positions are adjusted through single-factor tests, and the cameras 7 and 8 are installed on two side walls of the test box, so that the collected complete images of the Chinese prickly ash are obtained. The illuminating lamp 4 provides a light source for the detection space, so that images collected by the cameras 7 and 8 are clear and visible; in order to ensure the luminous efficiency and the service life of the light source and simultaneously consider the factors of the illumination brightness, the uniformity and the like of the light source, the LED controllable light source lamp is selected. The photoelectric sensor 15 is used as a counting sensor and a trigger sensor, and a QS18 series photoelectric sensor is selected.
After the pepper falls down from the chute 16, the photoelectric sensor 15 senses and sends signals, the cameras 7 and 8 begin to collect images of pepper particles, the images are subjected to preprocessing, gray level change and threshold segmentation, characteristic parameters such as shape, size and color data of the pepper are extracted, the characteristic parameters are transmitted to the single chip microcomputer and are analyzed and compared with pepper standard products, and the quality such as the size, the color, the seed explosion rate, the mildew degree and the like of the pepper is obtained. Preprocessing such as gray value sequencing and the like by using a median filtering method after image format conversion of the zanthoxylum bungeanum images so as to protect edge information and remove shooting noise, thereby obtaining high-quality images closer to a true value, carrying out image segmentation on the gray images based on an HIS color space, determining a color segmentation threshold value through tests, a mildew segmentation threshold value and a seed explosion color threshold value, extracting r, g, b, h, s and v, determining a mildew rate by calculating the area of mildew pixels, and determining the seed explosion rate by the area of the seed pixels. And (3) performing differential analysis when analyzing and comparing with pepper standard substances, and performing t test, wherein the seed explosion rate is less than 8%, and the mildew degree is less than 2%. Chinese prickly ash appearance quality detection system based on visual sensor
(3) Prickly ash smell quality detection system based on gas sensor
Mainly comprises a gas sensor and a gas mixing fan 5. The main function of the air mixing fan 5 is to uniformly mix the gas to be detected in the whole detection system, so that the concentration of each area in the closed space is consistent, and the uniformity of the detection result is ensured. Secondly, the air mixing fan 5 has a drainage function, so that the fragrance and the spicy gas emitted by the pepper can be quickly contacted with the gas sensor arrays 6, 9 and 13. Firstly, screening a gas sensor array according to the specific fragrance and numb smell generated by the pepper, acquiring electric signals by the gas sensor arrays 6, 9 and 13, converting the electric signals into specific data by recording the electric signals into a standard equation of a single chip microcomputer in advance, and judging the odor quality of the pepper through the data. The method comprises the steps of screening the gas sensors with high sensitivity, namely MQ-2, MQ-3, MQ-5, MQ-7, MQ135, MQ136, MQ137 and MQ138 type sensors by analyzing the odor generated by the pepper mainly comprises the steps of normalizing the electric signals obtained by the gas sensors, analyzing the signal patterns, preprocessing the electric signals by adopting a difference method and a difference quotient method, extracting the peak value, the peak time, the rising speed and the peak time of a signal curve as characteristic values, and adopting an RBF neural network as a model equation establishing method. The gas sensor arrays 6, 9, 13 are experimentally mounted at appropriate locations, such as the top, periphery, etc. of the housing 2, such that the gas is sufficiently in contact with the sensors. The gas mixing fan 5 is arranged at a proper position, so that the uniformity and consistency of the concentration of the detected gas are ensured.
Prickly ash outward appearance quality detecting system based on vision sensor, prickly ash smell quality detecting system based on gas sensor
(4) Weight detecting device
The weight of the zanthoxylum bungeanum is detected by a pressure sensor 10. The pressure sensor 10 is placed under the impact disc 14, when the pepper contacts the impact disc 14, the pressure sensor 10 under the impact disc 14 can sense the pressure, collect pressure signals and convert the pressure signals into weight data, and the pressure sensor can be used for measuring thousand seed weight and hundred seed weight.
4. Data processing system
The device consists of a signal amplifier, an AD conversion circuit, a singlechip and the like. The signal amplifier is mainly used for amplifying, filtering and denoising sensor signals and preparing for converting and acquiring the signals and mainly comprises a filter circuit and an amplifying circuit. The AD conversion circuit is an analog-to-digital converter, converts analog signals collected by the sound sensor 11, the vision sensor, the gas sensor and the pressure sensor 10 into digital signals, fuses detection results of the systems according to a certain weight, and finally feeds back real-time data. The single chip microcomputer is equivalent to a microcomputer and is the core of operation, a relation model of pepper moisture and sound, pepper shape, color, seed explosion and mildew identification algorithms, a pepper smell identification model equation, a pressure and temperature and humidity data processing algorithm, a multi-sensor fusion data acquisition, data processing, classification decision making, a fusion analysis algorithm and the like are written in the single chip microcomputer. The single chip microcomputer can be selected from a Stm32 single chip microcomputer, and other processing circuits purchase corresponding components and circuit boards, and are designed, manufactured and packaged.
And finally, fusing and integrating a multifunctional detection system consisting of multiple sensors to obtain the quick pepper quality detection device, namely sequentially assembling all parts in the box body 2, firstly installing a temperature control system on the bottom surface, installing the gas sensor arrays 6, 9 and 13 and an impact storage device on the temperature control system, placing the pressure sensor 10 under the impact disc 14, and placing the sound sensor 11 at a position 1410mm away from the impact disc. A photoelectric sensor 15 is installed at the position, 150mm away from the top of the box, of the right side of the box body 2, a mixed air fan 5 is installed at the left side of the box body, a V-shaped chute vibrating plate is fixed at the top of the box body 2 through a hook and a spring, an illuminating lamp 4 is installed in the center of the top of the box body, a blanking hopper 1 is installed at the top of the box body, and soundproof cotton 3 is installed on the inner wall. The sound sensor 11, the gas sensor arrays 6, 9 and 13, the pressure sensor 10 and the photoelectric sensor 15 are connected with a singlechip, and finally connected with a box top display.
Thirdly, the application of the invention:
taking a certain amount of peppers to be detected to enter the chute 16 from the blanking hopper and fall from the notch of the chute 16, detecting the falling information of the peppers by the photoelectric sensor 15 and counting, simultaneously transmitting the falling information to the data processing module, controlling the cameras 7 and 8 to shoot the peppers by the data processing module, and acquiring dynamic images when the peppers fall; the counting information and the dynamic image are transmitted to a data processing module for analysis and processing; when the fallen peppers impact the impact disc 14, the pressure sensor 10 collects pressure data and transmits the collected pressure data to the data processing module; meanwhile, the sound sensor 11 collects the sound generated when the Chinese prickly ash impacts the impact disk 14 and transmits a sound signal to the data processing module; under the action of the gas mixing fan 5, the gas sensor array collects the fragrance and the spicy information of the peppers and transmits the fragrance and the spicy information to the data processing module; the peppers to be tested fall into the storage box 12 after falling and impacting the impact plate 14;
the data processing module analyzes and processes the dynamic images, the counting information, the pressure data, the sound signals and the fragrance and numb taste information collected in the steps, and outputs the quality result of the Chinese prickly ash.
The pepper comprehensive quality detection device with the multi-sensor fusion has the advantages that: the method is light, small, portable and complete in function, and under the condition that the original physicochemical properties of the peppers are not damaged, a plurality of detection indexes are collected and analyzed in a short time, so that the comprehensive quality of the peppers is evaluated. The sound detection device predicts the water content of the pepper through the amplitude, solves the problems of long time consumption and complex operation of the traditional detection, and has the characteristics of rapidness and intelligence; the visual detection device digitizes the acquired image information of the pepper, so that artificial sensory errors are reduced; the odor detection device can collect the fragrance and the numb odor emitted by the peppers and carry out quick, nondestructive, intelligent and comprehensive detection on the quality of the gas generated by the peppers; the constant temperature and humidity device ensures the temperature and humidity of the whole detection system to be constant, so that the detection process is not influenced by the outside; the data processing system converts and amplifies analog signals generated by the sound sensor, the vision sensor, the gas sensor and the pressure sensor into digital signals, so that the pepper detection and the informatization technology are fused, and the intelligence and the advancement of the technology are reflected; the sound-proof box is light and portable, is convenient to move and place, and the box body is in a sealing state, and is isolated from external noise, so that gas volatilization is prevented, and the accuracy of pepper smell detection is ensured. The pepper comprehensive quality detection device with the multi-sensor fusion can adjust the weight of each index according to the requirements of different customers and formulate an individualized detection scheme for the customers.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the technical solutions, and those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions, and all that should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A quick detection method for the quality of peppers is characterized in that a sound sensor is utilized to indirectly detect the water content by measuring the sound frequency and amplitude of the peppers with different water contents touching an impact disc; acquiring a dynamic image of the pepper by using a visual sensor, detecting the size, the color, the seed explosion rate and the mildew degree of the pepper, and transmitting the image into a computer system to enable image information to be digitalized; detecting the odor emitted by the pepper by using an odor sensor, comparing the fragrance and the numb taste of the pepper to be detected with the concentration of a standard substance, and detecting the odor quality of the pepper; measuring the weight of the pepper by using a pressure sensor;
collecting the signals of the sensors through a data processing system, converting the analog signals collected by the sensors into digital signals through amplification, filtering and denoising, fusing according to the weight, and finally feeding back the digital signals to a single chip microcomputer for data processing;
the single chip microcomputer classifies and decides a relation model of the moisture and the sound of the pepper, a pepper shape, color, seed explosion and mildew identification algorithm, a pepper smell identification model equation and a pressure and temperature and humidity data processing algorithm, and finally obtains pepper quality indexes.
2. The device for rapidly detecting the quality of the peppers is designed according to the method of claim 1 and comprises a test box, a constant temperature and humidity device, a function detection system and a data processing system; wherein,
soundproof cotton is attached to the inner wall of the box body of the test box, and the whole box body is in a sealed state;
the constant temperature and humidity device comprises a temperature control system arranged at the bottom of the box body and a humidifier arranged on the inner wall of the box body, wherein the temperature control system consists of a heating plate and a temperature controller;
the function detection system comprises a pricklyash peel water content detection system based on a sound sensor, a pricklyash peel appearance quality detection system based on a visual sensor, a pricklyash peel odor quality detection system based on a gas sensor and a weight detection device;
the data processing system comprises a signal amplifier, an AD conversion circuit and a singlechip; the signal amplifier is used for amplifying, filtering and denoising sensor signals, the AD conversion circuit is used for analog-to-digital conversion, analog signals collected by the sound sensor, the vision sensor, the gas sensor and the pressure sensor are converted into digital signals, detection results of all systems are fused according to a certain weight, and finally real-time data are fed back; the single chip microcomputer is the core of operation, and a relation model of pepper moisture and sound, pepper shape, color, seed explosion and mildew identification algorithms, a pepper smell identification model equation, a pressure and temperature and humidity data processing algorithm and a multi-sensor fusion data acquisition, data processing, classification decision and fusion analysis algorithm are written in the single chip microcomputer.
3. The quick pepper quality detection device according to claim 2, wherein the pepper water content detection system based on the sound sensor comprises a blanking device, an impact disc, a storage box and a sound sensor, the blanking device is arranged at the upper part of the box body, the impact disc is arranged below the blanking device, the sound sensor is arranged below the impact disc and close to the impact disc, and the storage box is arranged at the bottom of the box body.
4. The device for rapidly detecting the quality of the zanthoxylum bungeanum maxim according to claim 3, wherein the blanking device comprises a blanking hopper which is arranged above the box body and is communicated with the interior of the box body and a chute which is obliquely arranged in the box body; the spout is triangle-shaped spout, and the notch of this spout is the U type, is connected with the vibrations board in the bottom of spout, is equipped with the shock motor on this vibrations board.
5. The quick pepper quality detection device according to claim 2, wherein the vision sensor based pepper appearance quality detection system comprises a photoelectric sensor and two cameras, wherein the photoelectric sensor is positioned in the middle of the upper part of the box body and below the chute; the two cameras are respectively arranged on the left side wall and the right side wall of the box body and are positioned between the photoelectric sensor and the impact disc.
6. The device for rapidly detecting the quality of the zanthoxylum bungeanum maxim according to claim 2, wherein the system for detecting the odor quality of the zanthoxylum bungeanum maxim based on the gas sensor comprises at least one gas sensor array, and the sensor array is arranged on the inner wall of a box body.
7. The quick detection device of prickly ash quality according to claim 6, characterized in that: the gas sensor array includes four gas sensors, wherein the gas sensors are of one or more of type MQ-2, MQ-3, MQ-5, MQ-7, MQ135, MQ136, MQ137, or MQ 138.
8. The quick pepper quality detection device according to claim 6, wherein the pepper smell quality detection system based on the gas sensor further comprises a gas mixing fan, and the gas mixing fan is installed on the left side wall of the accommodating chamber and is located above the camera.
9. The device for rapidly detecting the quality of the zanthoxylum bungeanum maxim according to claim 2, wherein the weight detection device is a pressure sensor which is arranged below the impact disc and is tightly attached to the impact disc.
10. The application of the rapid pepper quality detection device is characterized in that,
taking a certain amount of pepper to be detected to enter the chute from the blanking hopper and fall from the notch of the chute, detecting the falling information of the pepper by the photoelectric sensor and counting, simultaneously transmitting the falling information to the data processing module, controlling the camera to shoot the pepper by the data processing module, and acquiring a dynamic image when the pepper falls; the counting information and the dynamic image are transmitted to a data processing module for analysis and processing;
when the fallen Chinese prickly ash impacts the impact disc, the pressure sensor collects pressure data and transmits the collected pressure data to the data processing module; meanwhile, the sound sensor collects the sound generated when the Chinese prickly ash impacts the impact disk and transmits a sound signal to the data processing module; under the action of the gas mixing fan, the gas sensor array collects the fragrance and the spicy information of the peppers and transmits the fragrance and the spicy information to the data processing system; after the Chinese prickly ash to be detected falls down and impacts the impact disc, all Chinese prickly ash falls into the containing box;
the data processing module analyzes and processes the dynamic images, the counting information, the pressure data, the sound signals and the fragrance and numb taste information collected in the steps, and outputs the quality result of the Chinese prickly ash.
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