CN109489581A - A kind of big screw pitch conical external screw thread detection device and method - Google Patents
A kind of big screw pitch conical external screw thread detection device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109489581A CN109489581A CN201811533417.9A CN201811533417A CN109489581A CN 109489581 A CN109489581 A CN 109489581A CN 201811533417 A CN201811533417 A CN 201811533417A CN 109489581 A CN109489581 A CN 109489581A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
- G01B11/2416—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures of gears
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of big screw pitch conical external screw thread detection device and method, which includes workpiece fixation kit and capture component；It further include detection components and light source assembly；Light source assembly is planar light source, for providing light source to capture component；Detection components include display interface, data-storage system, thread contour extraction module and the reverse computing module of screw thread, extracting screw image profile, calculating screw thread process parameter and determining result；Specifically, the thread contour extraction module and reverse computing module of screw thread is measured to be handled screw image, to screw image size and Inversion Calculation, to obtain screw thread process parameter, and processing result is determined, while will test result and being recorded in data-storage system.The present invention is able to achieve the non-contact online quick high accuracy detection of big screw pitch conical external screw thread.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to thread measurement technical fields, and in particular to a kind of big screw pitch conical external screw thread detection device and side
Method.
Background technique
Currently, the method for thread measurement mainly has contact, contactless two kinds of detection methods, contact measurement method is main
There are integration measurement method (such as gauge measurement) and analytical measurement method (such as three-needle measuring)；Non-contact method mainly passes through screw thread figure
As information is detected, there are tool microscope method, Machine Vision Detection method.With the development of thread measurement technology, thread measurement
The degree of automation is higher and higher, and that there are measurers is easy to wear for traditional external screw thread contaction measurement method, working efficiency is low, it is difficult to full
Foot high-volume, online detection requirements；And mechanical vision inspection technology have it is non-contact, speed is fast, precision is high, real-time online, from
The advantages that dynamicization degree is high carries out the development trend that detection is current detection technology, screw thread to screw thread using machine vision technique
Detection is a kind of important application of Machine Vision Detection.
Currently, domestic mature using vision detection technology in conventional screw pitch, straight thread detection, method is to mention first
Screw image profile is taken, contours segmentation is in line later, the conventional geometry such as circular arc, then be fitted, passes through fitting
Profile directly measures screw thread relevant parameter.Conventional pitch screw tooth bottom and crest are mostly that straight line connects, and helix angle is small, and screw thread is thrown
Shadow is smaller on the influence of screw thread measurement of correlation parameter, and dimensional parameters after screw thread process can be directly obtained by screw image size.It is right
For common, normal thread, current this detection method detection accuracy is higher, can satisfy actual demand.But big screw pitch cone
Compared with normal conventional screw thread, thread contour size changes linearly shape screw thread, and thread helix lift angle is big, screw thread plane projection
Area is big and projected area changes with reach and taper at functionality, at the top of two neighboring thread root, single thread
Mostly circular arc-straight line-arc form connection, big screw pitch tapered thread processing is complicated, and detection parameters are more, pass through normal thread optics
Detection method can not obtain accurate machining size, there is no pertinent literature or report in big screw pitch tapered thread context of detection at present.
Summary of the invention
It is for the defects in the prior art and insufficient, the present invention provides a kind of big screw pitch conical external screw thread detection device and
Method overcomes the defect that can not accurately obtain big screw pitch tapered thread size by common detection methods at present.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of big screw pitch conical external screw thread detection device, including workpiece fixation kit and capture component；It further include detection group
Part and light source assembly；The light source assembly is planar light source, for providing light source to the capture component；The detection components packet
Display interface, data-storage system, thread contour extraction module and the reverse computing module of screw thread are included, to extract screw image wheel
Wide, calculating screw thread process parameter and judgement result.
The invention also includes following technical characteristics:
Optionally, the workpiece fixation kit includes the self-holding gripper of energy and fixed platform, for clamping and fixing
Rotate workpiece for measurement and adjustment workpiece for measurement height；
The capture component includes industrial camera and telecentric lens, for passing through the light source assembly to workpiece for measurement screw thread
Capture is carried out, and obtained screw image is sent to detection components；
The data-storage system is used to support thread contour extraction module and the reverse computing module operation of screw thread and deposits
Store up testing result；
The display interface is used for operation display interface, setting model parameter and the display thread contour extraction module
With the reverse computing module calculated result of screw thread.
The present invention also provides a kind of detection methods using the big screw pitch conical external screw thread detection device, including with
Lower step:
Step S1: in the detection components display interface, input workpiece for measurement Design of Screw Thread parameter and processing screw thread institute
Use cutter parameters；The Design of Screw Thread parameter includes Major Diam, central diameter, screw pitch, thread form angle, screw thread overall length and taper；
Step S2: workpiece for measurement is placed in the workpiece fixation kit, is adjusted workpiece fixation kit, is made light source group
Part, workpiece for measurement screw thread, capture component are in same horizontal line；
Step S3: the capture component acquires workpiece for measurement screw image, and is transmitted to detection components；
Step S4: the detection components and its thread contour extraction module are handled and are mentioned to workpiece for measurement screw image
Take thread contour, measure the threaded projection size of workpiece for measurement screw image, the threaded projection size include Major Diam, in
Diameter, screw pitch, thread form angle, screw thread overall length and taper；
Step S5: the detection components and its reverse computing module of screw thread are according to threaded projection size and thread contour, instead
Screw thread process parameter is calculated, the screw thread process parameter includes Major Diam, central diameter, screw pitch, thread form angle, screw thread overall length and taper；
Step S6: the detection components compare screw thread process parameter and Design of Screw Thread parameter, provide judgement as a result, and will
Testing result is stored in data-storage system, while providing action command to workpiece mechanism for sorting and screw thread according to judgement result
Process equipment.
Optionally, cutter parameters described in the step S1 include cutter deviation, inclination angle and wear resistance ratio.
Optionally, the step S2 the following steps are included:
Step S201: workpiece for measurement is placed in the workpiece fixation kit by workpiece mechanism for sorting, workpiece fixation kit
Gripper Automatic-clamping workpiece for measurement；
Step S202: workpiece fixation kit according to workpiece for measurement screw thread segment length go up and down fixed platform, make light source assembly, to
Survey workpiece thread segment, capture component in the same horizontal line.
Optionally, the step S3 the following steps are included:
Step S301: the detection components are ready, and the capture component is used cooperatively the light source of telecentricity collimated backlight
Component acquires first screw image；
Step S302: the workpiece fixation kit is rotated by 360 ° with fixed speed, and capture component is acquired more with fixed intervals
Screw image is opened, and screw image is transferred to detection components.
Optionally, the step S4 the following steps are included:
Step S401: the detection components do gray proces to the screw image of acquisition, extract threaded portion, remove noise
Point obtains preliminary screw image；
Step S402: single order sharpening is done to preliminary screw image using prewitt operator, First-order Gradient is obtained, by gradient
Value is greater than setting threshold value part and is denoted as contour edge, does corrosion expansion process to noncoherent boundary, obtains Pixel-level thread contour；
Step S403: the sub-pixel edge extraction algorithm based on field area determines the accurate spiral shell of Pixel-level thread contour
Line profile and border；
Step S404: according to precise thread profile and border, preliminary threaded projection size L is measuredm, the preliminary threaded projection
Size LmIncluding Major Diam, screw pitch and screw thread overall length；
Step S405: according to preliminary threaded projection size Lm, machining deviation δm, cutter deviation δt, calculate threaded projection size
Lr。
Lr=Lm-δm-δt
Optionally, the step S5 the following steps are included:
Step S501: according to threaded projection size and threaded projection relationship, the reverse computation model of screw thread is established, the model is such as
Under:
Major Diam (LT, D): LT, D=LR, D
Screw thread overall length (LT, L): LT, L=LR, L
Thread pitch (LT, P): LT, P=LR, P
Lower thread molded line translates up L along center line symmetrically to right side on the left of screw threadT, P/ 2 distances, the upper spiral shell in screw thread right side
Line tooth form line, symmetrically to left side, translates downwards L along center lineT, P/ 2 distances extend tooth form line up and down respectively and obtain thread form angle top
Point, thread form angle bottom point calculate thread form angle, taper, middle line:
1) α: α=180 ° of-arctan (k1)+arctan (k of thread form angle2)
Wherein, k1For line slope under form of thread, k2For line slope on form of thread.
2) β: β=180 ° of-arctan (k of taper3)-arctan(k4)
Wherein, k3For right side form of thread angular vertex line slope, k4For left side form of thread angular vertex line slope.
3) middle line: the straight line of right side thread apex angle line is parallel to left, is intersected with two neighboring thread
In a1, a2, a3, a44 points, wherein | a1a2| it is the thickness of thread, | a2a3| it is two neighboring screw thread distance, takes | a1a2|=| a2a3|
When to be parallel to the straight line of crest angle line be right side pitch diameter of thread line K1, similarly, obtain left side pitch diameter of thread line K2；
Step S502: threaded projection size is substituted into the reverse computation model of screw thread, calculates screw thread process parameter, and according to spiral shell
Line machined parameters calculate left and right middle line maximum difference, left and right crest line maximum difference, left and right tooth baseline maximum difference；
Step S503: screw thread process parameter and Design of Screw Thread parameter are compared, and calculate error amount δm,n, m is screw thread ginseng
Several classes of types, m ∈ { Major Diam, central diameter, screw pitch, thread form angle, screw thread overall length and taper }, n are same screw image number, n=
1,2,3,4,5…N。
Optionally, the step S6 the following steps are included:
Step S601: thread parameter error criterion is Δm, m be thread parameter type, m ∈ Major Diam, central diameter,
Screw pitch, thread form angle, screw thread overall length and taper }, each error amount and error criterion are compared:
Same parameters qualified images number is Hm, which is H:
Step S602: obtaining all parameter detectings according to step S601 as a result, the whole qualifications of key parameter, non-key parameter
Qualification rate is greater than the set value, then the thread measurement is qualified, otherwise, it is determined that the screw thread process is unqualified；The key parameter are as follows: spiral shell
Line central diameter, taper, thread form angle and screw pitch, the non-key parameter are as follows: Major Diam and screw thread overall length；
Step S603: generating action command according to testing result, is transferred to workpiece mechanism for sorting；Meanwhile instruction being transmitted
To machine tool control system, if qualified, continue to process；If unqualified, stop processing and making instructing in next step.
Compared with prior art, the present invention beneficial has the technical effect that
(I) big screw pitch conical external screw thread structure of the detecting device of the invention is simple, outline identification and the letter of dimension conversion algorithm
It is clean, efficient, fully meet demand of the automatic production line to thread measurement.
(II) capture component of the invention, workpiece fixation kit, light source assembly are sequentially arranged on same workbench, capture
Component is connected with detection components, and camera shooting ratio is set as 1:1, and the size avoided in detection process repeatedly converts.This
The workpiece fixation kit of invention can move up and down, and adjust the horizontal position of workpiece for measurement screw thread and capture and light source assembly, can expire
The detection demand of foot difference dimension workpiece；Horizontal position adjustment and after fixing, workpiece fixation kit can be rotated along axis, conveniently be taken
As component captures the image of workpiece all directions.
(III) big screw pitch conical external screw thread detection method of the invention is based on full-automatic detection apparatus and machine vision profile
Detection algorithm accurately obtains big screw pitch tapered thread plane projection size, obtains big screw pitch by Innovation Model inversion algorithm and bores
Shape external screw thread accurate machining parameter realizes the non-contact online quick high accuracy detection of big screw pitch conical external screw thread.
(IV) in big screw pitch conical external screw thread detection method of the invention, thread size conversion method is in screw thread process
On the basis of by threading tool parameter to workpiece towards capture component backlight when, the shadow surface of each form of thread with
Its each relative dimensions in non-shadow face after 180 ° of helix rotation converts, including Major Diam, central diameter, path, spiral shell
Away from, thread form angle, radius of rounded root, screw thread overall length, tooth height, screw thread middle line taper etc..
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is external screw thread detection device schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is external screw thread shadow surface and non-shadow face schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 3 is threaded projection relation principle schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 4 is thread measurement flow chart of the invention；
Fig. 5 is threaded projection size calculation flow chart of the invention.
Each label indicates in figure are as follows: 1- detection components, 2- capture component, 3- workpiece fixation kit, 4- workpiece for measurement, 5- light
Source component；6- screw thread shade, 7- symmetrically translate backteeth molded line, the virtual tooth form apex angle of 8-.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiments of the present invention are given below, it should be noted that the invention is not limited to implement in detail below
Example, all equivalent transformations made on the basis of the technical solutions of the present application each fall within protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 1, the present embodiment provides a kind of big screw pitch conical external screw thread detection device, including workpiece fixation kit 3
With capture component 2；It further include detection components 1 and light source assembly 5；Light source assembly 5 is planar light source, for mentioning to capture component 2
For light source；Detection components 1 include display interface, data-storage system, thread contour extraction module and the reverse computing module of screw thread,
Extracting screw image profile, calculating screw thread process parameter and determining result；Specifically, thread contour extraction module and screw thread
Reverse computing module is measured to be handled screw image, to screw image size and Inversion Calculation, to obtain
Screw thread process parameter, and processing result is determined, while will test result and being recorded in data-storage system.
Specifically, workpiece fixation kit 3 includes the self-holding gripper of energy and fixed platform, for clamping and fixing rotation
4 height of workpiece for measurement 4 and adjustment workpiece for measurement；Capture component 2 includes industrial camera and telecentric lens, for passing through light source group
Part 5 carries out capture to 4 screw thread of workpiece for measurement, and obtained screw image is sent to detection components 1；Data-storage system is used for
Support thread contour extraction module and the reverse computing module operation of screw thread and storage testing result；Display interface is for showing behaviour
Make interface, setting model parameter and display thread contour extraction module and the reverse computing module calculated result of screw thread.
Embodiment 2:
As shown in Figures 1 to 5, the present embodiment also provides a kind of using the big screw pitch conical external screw thread detection device
Detection method, comprising the following steps:
Step S1: in detection components display interface, knife used in input workpiece for measurement Design of Screw Thread parameter and processing screw thread
Has parameter；Design of Screw Thread parameter includes Major Diam, central diameter, screw pitch, thread form angle, screw thread overall length and taper etc.；
Step S2: workpiece for measurement is placed in the workpiece fixation kit, is adjusted workpiece fixation kit, is made light source group
Part, workpiece for measurement screw thread, capture component are in same horizontal line；
Step S3: capture component acquires workpiece for measurement screw image, and is transmitted to detection components；
Step S4: detection components and its thread contour extraction module handle workpiece for measurement screw image and extract spiral shell
Line profile, measure workpiece for measurement screw image threaded projection size, threaded projection size include Major Diam, central diameter, screw pitch,
Thread form angle, screw thread overall length and taper etc.；
Step S5: detection components and its reverse computing module of screw thread are according to threaded projection size and thread contour, inverse spiral shell
Line machined parameters, the screw thread process parameter include Major Diam, central diameter, screw pitch, thread form angle, screw thread overall length and taper etc.；
Step S6: the detection components compare screw thread process parameter and Design of Screw Thread parameter, provide judgement as a result, and will
Testing result is stored in data-storage system, while providing action command to workpiece mechanism for sorting and screw thread according to judgement result
Process equipment.
Specifically, cutter parameters described in step S1 include cutter deviation, inclination angle and wear resistance ratio.
Specifically, step S2 the following steps are included:
Step S201: workpiece for measurement is placed in the workpiece fixation kit by workpiece mechanism for sorting, workpiece fixation kit
Gripper Automatic-clamping workpiece for measurement；
Step S202: workpiece fixation kit according to workpiece for measurement screw thread segment length go up and down fixed platform, make light source assembly, to
Survey workpiece thread segment, capture component in the same horizontal line.
Specifically, step S3 the following steps are included:
Step S301: detection components are ready, and capture component is used cooperatively the light source assembly of telecentricity collimated backlight, acquisition
First screw image；
Step S302: workpiece fixation kit is rotated by 360 ° with fixed speed, and capture component acquires multiple spiral shells with fixed intervals
Print image, and screw image is transferred to detection components.
Specifically, step S4 the following steps are included:
Step S401: detection components do gray proces to the screw image of acquisition, extract threaded portion, remove noise spot,
Obtain preliminary screw image；
Step S402: single order sharpening is done to preliminary screw image using prewitt operator, First-order Gradient is obtained, by gradient
Value is greater than setting threshold value part and is denoted as contour edge, does corrosion expansion process to noncoherent boundary, obtains Pixel-level thread contour；
Step S403: the sub-pixel edge extraction algorithm based on field area determines the accurate spiral shell of Pixel-level thread contour
Line profile and border；
Step S404: according to precise thread profile and border, preliminary threaded projection size L is measuredm, the preliminary threaded projection
Size LmIncluding Major Diam, screw pitch and screw thread overall length etc.；
Step S405: according to preliminary threaded projection size Lm, machining deviation δm, cutter deviation δt, calculate threaded projection size
Lr。
Lr=Lm-δm-δt
Specifically, step S5 the following steps are included:
Step S501: according to threaded projection size and threaded projection relationship, the reverse computation model of screw thread is established；Threaded projection
Relationship refers specifically to: during screw thread process, the two sides thread form angle of each form of thread is the two sides by threading tool
What blade was formed in process, when looking squarely workpiece, the non-shadow face of its first form of thread in left side and same screw thread revolve
Turn 180 ° of shadow surfaces to right side to be process by the same side blade of cutter, the non-shadow face of first form of thread in right side
It is process with 180 ° of the same screw thread rotation shadow surfaces to left side by the other side blade of cutter, so, screw thread on the left of workpiece
Shadow surface size can be converted by the non-shadow face of right side screw thread, and the shadow surface size of right side screw thread can pass through left side screw thread
Non-shadow face conversion；Wherein, the reverse computation model of screw thread is as follows:
Major Diam (LT, D): LT, D=LR, D
Screw thread overall length (LT, L): LT, L=LR, L
Thread pitch (LT, P): LT, P=LR, P
Such as the threaded projection schematic illustration in Fig. 3, screw thread shade 6, symmetrical translation backteeth molded line 7, virtual tooth form apex angle
8, the lower thread molded line in screw thread left side, symmetrically to right side, translates up L along center lineT, P/ 2 distances, the upper thread in screw thread right side
Molded line, symmetrically to left side, translates downwards L along center lineT, P/ 2 distances extend tooth form line up and down respectively and obtain tooth form angular vertex, tooth
Type angle bottom point calculates thread form angle, taper, middle line:
1) α: α=180 ° of-arctan (k of thread form angle1)+arctan(k2)
Wherein, k1For line slope under form of thread, k2For line slope on form of thread.
2) β: β=180 ° of-arctan (k of taper3)-arctan(k4)
Wherein, k3For right side form of thread angular vertex line slope, k4For left side form of thread angular vertex line slope.
3) middle line: the straight line of right side thread apex angle line is parallel to left, is intersected with two neighboring thread
In a1, a2, a3, a44 points, wherein | a1a2| it is the thickness of thread, | a2a3| it is two neighboring screw thread distance, takes | a1a2|=| a2a3|
When to be parallel to the straight line of crest angle line be right side pitch diameter of thread line K1, similarly, obtain left side pitch diameter of thread line K2；
Step S502: threaded projection size is substituted into the reverse computation model of screw thread, calculates screw thread process parameter, and according to spiral shell
Line machined parameters calculate left and right middle line maximum difference, left and right crest line maximum difference, left and right tooth baseline maximum difference；
Step S503: screw thread process parameter and Design of Screw Thread parameter are compared, and calculate error amount δm,n, m is screw thread ginseng
Several classes of types, m ∈ { Major Diam, central diameter, screw pitch, thread form angle, screw thread overall length and taper ... }, n are same screw image number,
N=1,2,3,4,5 ... N.
Specifically, step S6 the following steps are included:
Step S601: thread parameter error criterion is Δm, m be thread parameter type, m ∈ Major Diam, central diameter,
Screw pitch, thread form angle, screw thread overall length and taper ... }, each error amount and error criterion are compared:
Same parameters qualified images number is Hm, which is H:
Step S602: obtaining all parameter detectings according to step S601 as a result, the whole qualifications of key parameter, non-key parameter
Qualification rate is greater than the set value, then the thread measurement is qualified, otherwise, it is determined that the screw thread process is unqualified；Wherein, key parameter are as follows:
The pitch diameter of thread, taper, thread form angle and screw pitch, the non-key parameter are as follows: Major Diam and screw thread overall length；
Step S603: generating action command according to testing result, is transferred to workpiece mechanism for sorting；Meanwhile instruction being transmitted
To machine tool control system, if qualified, continue to process；If unqualified, stop processing and making instructing in next step.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of big screw pitch conical external screw thread detection device, including workpiece fixation kit (3) and capture component (2)；Its feature exists
In further including detection components (1) and light source assembly (5)；
The light source assembly (5) is planar light source, for providing light source to the capture component (2)；
The detection components (1) include that display interface, data-storage system, thread contour extraction module and screw thread inversely calculate mould
Block, extracting screw image profile, calculating screw thread process parameter and determining result.
2. big screw pitch conical external screw thread detection device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the workpiece fixation kit
It (3) include the self-holding gripper of energy and fixed platform, for clamping and fixing rotation workpiece for measurement (4) and adjustment work to be measured
Part (4) height；
The capture component (2) includes industrial camera and telecentric lens, for passing through the light source assembly (5) to workpiece for measurement
(4) screw thread carries out capture, and obtained screw image is sent to detection components (1)；
The data-storage system is used to support thread contour extraction module and the reverse computing module operation of screw thread and storage inspection
Survey result；
The display interface is used for operation display interface, setting model parameter and the display thread contour extraction module and spiral shell
The reverse computing module calculated result of line.
3. a kind of detection method using big screw pitch conical external screw thread detection device described in as claimed in claim 1 or 22, feature exist
In, comprising the following steps:
Step S1: in the detection components display interface, knife used in input workpiece for measurement Design of Screw Thread parameter and processing screw thread
Has parameter；The Design of Screw Thread parameter includes Major Diam, central diameter, screw pitch, thread form angle, screw thread overall length and taper；
Step S2: workpiece for measurement is placed in the workpiece fixation kit, adjust workpiece fixation kit, make light source assembly, to
Workpiece screw thread, capture component are surveyed in same horizontal line；
Step S3: the capture component acquires workpiece for measurement screw image, and is transmitted to detection components；
Step S4: the detection components and its thread contour extraction module handle workpiece for measurement screw image and extract spiral shell
Line profile, measure workpiece for measurement screw image threaded projection size, the threaded projection size include Major Diam, central diameter,
Screw pitch, thread form angle, screw thread overall length and taper；
Step S5: the detection components and its reverse computing module of screw thread are according to threaded projection size and thread contour, inverse spiral shell
Line machined parameters, the screw thread process parameter include Major Diam, central diameter, screw pitch, thread form angle, screw thread overall length and taper；
Step S6: the detection components compare screw thread process parameter and Design of Screw Thread parameter, provide judgement as a result, and will test
As a result it is stored in data-storage system, while action command is provided to workpiece mechanism for sorting and screw thread process according to judgement result
Equipment.
4. big screw pitch conical external screw thread detection method as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that knife described in the step S1
Having parameter includes cutter deviation, inclination angle and wear resistance ratio.
5. big screw pitch conical external screw thread detection method as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the step S2 includes following
Step:
Step S201: workpiece for measurement is placed in the workpiece fixation kit by workpiece mechanism for sorting, workpiece fixation kit gripper
Automatic-clamping workpiece for measurement；
Step S202: workpiece fixation kit goes up and down fixed platform according to workpiece for measurement screw thread segment length, makes light source assembly, work to be measured
Part thread segment, capture component are in the same horizontal line.
6. big screw pitch conical external screw thread detection method as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the step S3 includes following
Step:
Step S301: the detection components are ready, and the capture component is used cooperatively the light source assembly of telecentricity collimated backlight,
Acquire first screw image；
Step S302: the workpiece fixation kit is rotated by 360 ° with fixed speed, and capture component acquires multiple spiral shells with fixed intervals
Print image, and screw image is transferred to detection components.
7. big screw pitch conical external screw thread detection method as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the step S4 includes following
Step:
Step S401: the detection components do gray proces to the screw image of acquisition, extract threaded portion, remove noise spot,
Obtain preliminary screw image；
Step S402: doing single order sharpening to preliminary screw image using prewitt operator, obtain First-order Gradient, and gradient value is big
It is denoted as contour edge in setting threshold value part, corrosion expansion process is done to noncoherent boundary, obtains Pixel-level thread contour；
Step S403: the sub-pixel edge extraction algorithm based on field area determines the precise thread wheel of Pixel-level thread contour
Wide boundary；
Step S404: according to precise thread profile and border, preliminary threaded projection size L is measuredm, the preliminary threaded projection size
LmIncluding Major Diam, screw pitch and screw thread overall length；
Step S405: according to preliminary threaded projection size Lm, machining deviation δm, cutter deviation δt, calculate threaded projection size Lr:
Lr=Lm-δm-δt。
8. big screw pitch conical external screw thread detection method as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the step S5 includes following
Step:
Step S501: according to threaded projection size and threaded projection relationship, the reverse computation model of screw thread is established, the model is as follows:
Major Diam (LT, D): LT, D=LR, D
Screw thread overall length (LT, L): LT, L=LR, L
Thread pitch (LT, P): LT, P=LR, P
Lower thread molded line translates up L along center line symmetrically to right side on the left of screw threadT, P/ 2 distances, the upper thread in screw thread right side
Molded line, symmetrically to left side, translates downwards L along center lineT, P/ 2 distances extend tooth form line up and down respectively and obtain tooth form angular vertex, tooth
Type angle bottom point calculates thread form angle, taper, middle line:
1) α: α=180 ° of-arctan (k of thread form angle1)+arctan(k2)
Wherein, k1For line slope under form of thread, k2For line slope on form of thread；
2) β: β=180 ° of-arctan (k of crest line taper3)-arctan(k4)
Wherein, k3For right side form of thread angular vertex line slope, k4For left side form of thread angular vertex line slope；
3) middle line: the straight line of right side thread base angle line is parallel to left, intersects at a with two neighboring thread1,
a2, a3, a44 points, wherein | a1a2| it is the thickness of thread, | a2a3| it is two neighboring screw thread distance, takes | a1a2|=| a2a3| Shi Pinghang
It is right side pitch diameter of thread line K1 in the straight line of tooth base angle line, similarly, obtains left side pitch diameter of thread line K2；
Step S502: threaded projection size is substituted into the reverse computation model of screw thread, calculates screw thread process parameter, and add according to screw thread
Work parameter calculates left and right middle line maximum difference, left and right crest line maximum difference, left and right tooth baseline maximum difference；
Step S503: screw thread process parameter and Design of Screw Thread parameter are compared, and calculate error amount δm,n, m is thread parameter class
Type, m ∈ { Major Diam, central diameter, screw pitch, thread form angle, screw thread overall length and taper }, n be same screw image number, n=1,2,
3,4,5…N。
9. big screw pitch conical external screw thread detection method as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the step S6 includes following
Step:
Step S601: thread parameter error criterion is Δm, m be thread parameter type, m ∈ Major Diam, central diameter, screw pitch,
Thread form angle, screw thread overall length and taper }, each error amount and error criterion are compared:
Same parameters qualified images number is Hm, which is H:
Step S602: obtaining all parameter detectings according to step S601 as a result, key parameter is all qualified, and non-key parameter is qualified
Rate is greater than the set value, then the thread measurement is qualified, otherwise, it is determined that the screw thread process is unqualified；The key parameter are as follows: in screw thread
Diameter, taper, thread form angle and screw pitch, the non-key parameter are as follows: Major Diam and screw thread overall length；
Step S603: generating action command according to testing result, is transferred to workpiece mechanism for sorting；Meanwhile instruction is transferred to machine
Bed control system continues to process if qualified；If unqualified, stop processing and making instructing in next step.
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