CN109488404A - A kind of multi-mode valve actuating mechanism and its control method - Google Patents
A kind of multi-mode valve actuating mechanism and its control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109488404A CN109488404A CN201910004413.XA CN201910004413A CN109488404A CN 109488404 A CN109488404 A CN 109488404A CN 201910004413 A CN201910004413 A CN 201910004413A CN 109488404 A CN109488404 A CN 109488404A
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- Prior art keywords
- axle sleeve
- rocker arm
- stroke
- exhaust
- cam
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/02—Valve drive
- F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
- F01L1/06—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like the cams, or the like, rotating at a higher speed than that corresponding to the valve cycle, e.g. operating fourstroke engine valves directly from crankshaft
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
- F01L1/18—Rocking arms or levers
- F01L1/181—Centre pivot rocking arms
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/36—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear peculiar to machines or engines of specific type other than four-stroke cycle
- F01L1/38—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear peculiar to machines or engines of specific type other than four-stroke cycle for engines with other than four-stroke cycle, e.g. with two-stroke cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/46—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in preceding subgroups
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
- F01L13/06—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for braking
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
- F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
- F01L13/0036—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction
- F01L2013/0052—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction with cams provided on an axially slidable sleeve
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of multi-mode valve actuating mechanism and its control method, belong to cylinder deactivation of engine, auxiliary braking, valve train art.It includes the first axle sleeve driven by the first camshaft by spline, the second axle sleeve, switching mechanism and the brake rocker arm that are driven by the second camshaft by spline etc..The present invention is corresponded in axle sleeve switch step by setting brake rocker arm in brake rocker arm, and brake rocker arm is kept to be in failure state, is realized brake rocker arm and is corresponded to switching axle sleeve in the not common basic circle section of cam；By control switching mechanism and brake rocker arm, realizes the flexible switching of the various modes such as four stroke of engine classification driving, four stroke braking by grades and two-stroke braking by grades, reach economy, emission performance, safety and the transport capacity for improving vehicle；Mechanism structure is compact, meets small cylinder spacing engine arrangement requirement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of multi-mode valve actuating mechanism and its control methods, belong to cylinder deactivation of engine, auxiliary braking, distribution
Field of mechanisms.
Background technique
With sharply increasing for engine ownership, energy and environment problem and travel safety problem have become restriction
One of the significant problem of China's sustainable development.Because it can be effectively reduced engine consumption and discharge, cylinder stopping technique is by pass
Note.Engine Downsizing (Down-size) and low speed (Down-speed) have become the development trend of generally acknowledged energy-saving and emission-reduction.
And when engine braking, cylinder diameter is smaller, revolving speed is lower, and braking effect is poorer.Constantly weaken in vehicle itself stopping power, shipping
It is required that constantly increasing, road environment is complicated and changeable, vehicle safety is increasingly valued by people, more and more country will
Auxiliary braking system is classified as under the overall background of one of attachment of vehicle indispensability, realizes that high-effective classifying braking mode is imperative.
In view of the above-mentioned problems, applicant proposed the partition zone optimizing engine performance within the scope of driving-braking full working scope
Multimode engine.In the case where driving operating condition, it is classified drive mode using four strokes, to meet the requirement of low oil consumption and low emission；
Under the small load brake operating condition of vehicle, it is classified braking mode using four strokes, is wanted when meeting vehicle underloading, lower visite or gentle slope
It asks；Under vehicle heavy load damped condition, using two-stroke braking by grades mode, when meeting vehicle heavy duty, lower long slope or abrupt slope
Requirement, realize high-effective classifying brake request；Vehicle main brake and/or other brake system non-functionals etc. in emergency circumstances, adopt
With different emergency brake modes, meet the brake request of emergency.Based on this, the realization key of multimode engine is
Four stroke of engine classification drive mode can be achieved, four strokes are classified a variety of moulds such as braking mode and two-stroke braking by grades mode
The exploitation of the multi-mode valve actuating mechanism flexibly switched between formula.
Since the variable valve actuating mechanism of existing functionization is mostly used for the engine of four stroke drive modes, it is not able to satisfy more
The requirement of mode engine, therefore develop a set of high reliablity, simple and compact for structure and meet matching for multimode engine requirement
Mechanism of qi structure is imperative.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to: by designing a kind of multi-mode valve actuating mechanism and its control method, for realizing :(a)
In order to reach the operation of the low oil consumption of engine, low emission and high-effective classifying braking, valve actuating mechanism is needed to realize that the classification of four strokes is driven
The various modes such as dynamic, four stroke braking by grades, two-stroke braking by grades.(b) it in order to which the arrangement for meeting multicylinder engine requires, needs
Want structure of the invention compact.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that: this multi-mode valve actuating mechanism include the first camshaft, the second camshaft,
First axle sleeve, the second axle sleeve, switching mechanism, brake rocker arm, exhaust valve assemblies and intake valve assembly etc..First camshaft passes through flower
Key drives the rotation of the first axle sleeve, and the second camshaft drives the second axle sleeve to rotate by spline.
It is convex that first axle set is provided with the first air inlet two-stroke cam, four stroke cam of the first air inlet, second exhaust two-stroke
Wheel, four stroke cam of second exhaust, the first switching slot and the second switching slot, it is convex that the second axle sleeve is provided with the second air inlet two-stroke
Wheel, four stroke cam of the second air inlet, first exhaust two-stroke cam, four stroke cam of first exhaust, third switching slot and the 4th
Switching slot.
First intake rocker is corresponding with the first intake valve assembly, and the second intake rocker is corresponding with the second intake valve assembly, the
One second exhaust rocker arm is corresponding with first exhaust door component, and second exhaust rocker arm is corresponding with second exhaust door component.
First axle sleeve and the second axle sleeve all have two axial positions.
When first axle sleeve is in first position, four stroke cam of the first air inlet drives the first intake rocker, second exhaust four
Stroke cam drives second exhaust rocker arm.
When first axle sleeve is in the second position, first air inlet two-stroke the first intake rocker of actuated by cams, second exhaust two
Stroke cam drives second exhaust rocker arm.
When second axle sleeve is in first position, four stroke cam of first exhaust drives first exhaust rocker arm, the second air inlet four
Stroke cam drives the second intake rocker.
When second axle sleeve is in the second position, first exhaust two-stroke actuated by cams first exhaust rocker arm, the second air inlet two
Stroke cam drives the second intake rocker.
When first axle sleeve switches from first position to the second position, the work of the second switching mechanism.First axle sleeve is from second
It sets to when the switching of first position, the first switching mechanism works.When second axle sleeve switches from first position to the second position, third is cut
Structure of changing planes work.When second axle sleeve switches from the second position to first position, the work of the 4th switching mechanism.
At least one in the first exhaust rocker arm, second exhaust rocker arm is brake rocker arm, and reset spring drives braking
Rocker arm and corresponding cam contact.
There are two types of working conditions for brake rocker arm tool: when brake rocker arm is in effective status, brake rocker arm drives corresponding gas
Door component；When brake rocker arm is in failure state, brake rocker arm does not drive corresponding valve assembly.
Non-brake rocker arm drives corresponding valve assembly always.
First switching mechanism, the second switching mechanism, third switching mechanism and the 4th switching mechanism are changeover module, switch groups
Part includes at least telescopic pin.The retracted position of pin is controlled by electromagnetism, hydraulic or gas.
Brake rocker arm includes at least locking-type or switch fulcrum type structure.
Locking-type brake rocker arm has the first bar, the second bar and the locking machine being arranged between the first bar and the second bar
Structure, the input terminal of the first bar of actuated by cams, the first bar output end drive the second bar input terminal, and the driving of the second bar output end is corresponding
Valve assembly.
Switch fulcrum type brake rocker arm has rocker body and the braking fulcrum being arranged in rocker body or is arranged in fixation
Braking fulcrum on bracket.It brakes fulcrum and includes at least hydraulic piston type braking fulcrum or locking-type braking fulcrum.
First air inlet, four stroke cam and/or four stroke cam of the second air inlet at least have protrusion in induction stroke；First
Exhaust four stroke cam and/or four stroke cam of second exhaust at least have protrusion in exhaust stroke；First air inlet two-stroke is convex
In wheel, the second air inlet two-stroke cam, first exhaust two-stroke cam, second exhaust two-stroke cam, at least one cam
There is protrusion near, at least one cam has protrusion in intake and exhaust near top dead center, at least one
Cam has protrusion near air inlet-compression bottom dead center, at least one cam has convex near expansion-exhaust lower dead center
It rises.
When the firing interval of two neighboring cylinder is greater than the impulsive of switching slot, the axle sleeve of described two adjacent cylinders
Switching mechanism can also be shared.
When engine needs the operation of four stroke drive modes, the first axle sleeve be in first position, and the second axle sleeve is in the
One position, brake rocker arm are in effective status, supply fuel in cylinder.
When engine needs deactivation mode to run, the first axle sleeve is in the second position, and the second axle sleeve is in the second position,
Brake rocker arm is in failure state, does not supply fuel in cylinder.
When engine needs four stroke braking mode of the first kind to run, the first axle sleeve is in first position, the second axle sleeve
In first position, brake rocker arm is in effective status, does not supply fuel in cylinder.
When engine needs the operation of four stroke braking mode of the second class, the first axle sleeve is in first position, the second axle sleeve
In first position, brake rocker arm is in failure state, does not supply fuel in cylinder.
When engine needs four stroke braking mode of third class to run, the first axle sleeve is in the second position, the second axle sleeve
In first position, brake rocker arm is in effective status, does not supply fuel in cylinder.
When engine needs the operation of four stroke braking mode of the 4th class, the first axle sleeve is in the second position, the second axle sleeve
In first position, brake rocker arm is in failure state, does not supply fuel in cylinder.
When engine needs the operation of four stroke braking mode of the 5th class, the first axle sleeve is in first position, the second axle sleeve
In the second position, brake rocker arm is in failure state, does not supply fuel in cylinder.
When engine needs the operation of four stroke braking mode of the 6th class, the first axle sleeve is in first position, the second axle sleeve
In the second position, brake rocker arm is in effective status, does not supply fuel in cylinder.
When engine needs two-stroke braking mode to run, the first axle sleeve be in the second position, and the second axle sleeve is in the
Two positions, brake rocker arm are in effective status, do not supply fuel in cylinder.
When engine needs four stroke emergency brake modes of the first kind to run, the first axle sleeve is in the second position, and second
Axle sleeve is in first position, and brake rocker arm is in effective status, supplies fuel in cylinder.
When engine needs the operation of four stroke emergency brake modes of the second class, the first axle sleeve is in first position, and second
Axle sleeve is in the second position, and brake rocker arm is in effective status, supplies fuel in cylinder.
When engine needs two-stroke emergency brake modes to run, the first axle sleeve is in the second position, at the second axle sleeve
In the second position, brake rocker arm is in effective status, supplies fuel in cylinder.
For Multi-Cylinder Diesel Engine, inoperative cylinder uses deactivation mode, and working cylinder uses drive mode or braking mode.
For Multi-Cylinder Diesel Engine, in the braking mode, each cylinder uses identical or different braking mode.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: this multi-mode valve actuating mechanism mainly includes being driven by the first camshaft by spline
The first axle sleeve, the second axle sleeve, switching mechanism and the first exhaust rocker arm that are driven by the second camshaft by spline etc..First axle
Set is provided with the first air inlet two-stroke cam, four stroke cam of the first air inlet, second exhaust two-stroke cam, second exhaust four and rushes
Journey cam etc., it is convex that the second axle sleeve is provided with the second air inlet two-stroke cam, four stroke cam of the second air inlet, first exhaust two-stroke
Wheel, four stroke cam of first exhaust etc..(a) it by setting brake rocker arm, and corresponds in axle sleeve switch step, protects in brake rocker arm
It holds brake rocker arm and is in failure state, realize brake rocker arm and correspond to switching axle sleeve in the not common basic circle section of cam.(b) pass through
Changeover module and brake rocker arm are controlled, realizes that four strokes classification driving, four stroke braking by grades, two-stroke braking by grades etc. are a variety of
The switching of mode reaches the low oil consumption of engine, low emission and high-effective classifying braking.(b) present invention uses an actuated by cams one
The arrangement of a valve assembly, the cam for the arrangement compared with the multiple valve assemblies of actuated by cams, in the present invention
Stress is small, and cam thickness is small, and sleeve length and axle sleeve moving distance are short, meets multicylinder engine and wants to the arrangement of valve actuating mechanism
It asks；(d) it is greater than the engine of the impulsive of switching slot, the axis of two adjacent cylinders for the firing interval of two neighboring cylinder
Set can also share switching mechanism, reduce the quantity of switching mechanism, reduce cost.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is further described with embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the first schematic diagram of multi-mode valve actuating mechanism.
Fig. 2 is the second schematic diagram of multi-mode valve actuating mechanism.
Fig. 3 is the first axle sleeve expanded schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is the second axle sleeve expanded schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is the adjacent cylinder axle sleeve expanded schematic diagram for sharing switching mechanism.
In figure: 101, the first camshaft；102, the second camshaft；201, the first axle sleeve；202, the second axle sleeve；301, first
Switching slot；302, the second switching slot；303, third switching slot；304, the 4th switching slot；401, the first switching mechanism；402, second
Switching mechanism；403, third switching mechanism；404, the 4th switching mechanism；51A, the first intake rocker；52A, the second intake rocker；
51B, first exhaust rocker arm；52B, second exhaust rocker arm；51D, braking fulcrum；612A, the first air inlet two-stroke cam；614A,
First air inlet, four stroke cam；622A, the second air inlet two-stroke cam；624A, four stroke cam of the second air inlet；612B, first
It is vented two-stroke cam；614B, four stroke cam of first exhaust；622B, second exhaust two-stroke cam；624B, second exhaust
Four stroke cams；71A, the first intake valve assembly；72A, the second intake valve assembly；71B, first exhaust door component；72B, second
Exhaust valve assemblies；N1, number one cylinder；N2, No. second cylinder.
Specific embodiment
The present invention relates to a kind of multi-mode valve actuating mechanisms.It includes the first camshaft 101, the second camshaft 102, first axle
Cover the 201, second axle sleeve 202, exhaust valve assemblies and intake valve assembly etc..First camshaft 101 drives the first axle sleeve by spline
201 rotations, the second camshaft 102 drive the second axle sleeve 202 to rotate by spline.First axle sleeve 201 is provided with the first air inlet two
Stroke cam 612A, four stroke cam 614A of the first air inlet, second exhaust two-stroke cam 622B, four stroke cam of second exhaust
624B, the first switching slot 301 and the second switching slot 302, the second axle sleeve 202 are provided with the second air inlet two-stroke cam 622A,
Two air inlets, four stroke cam 624A, first exhaust two-stroke cam 612B, four stroke cam 614B of first exhaust, third switching slot
303 and the 4th switching slot 304.First intake rocker 51A is corresponding with the first intake valve assembly 71A, the second intake rocker 52A and
Two intake valve assembly 72A are corresponding, and the first second exhaust Rocker arm 5 1B is corresponding with first exhaust door component 71B, second exhaust rocker arm
52B is corresponding with second exhaust door component 72B.
First air inlet, four stroke cam 614A and/or four stroke cam 624A of the second air inlet at least has in induction stroke convex
It rises；Four stroke cam 614B of first exhaust and/or four stroke cam 624B of second exhaust at least has protrusion in exhaust stroke；The
One air inlet two-stroke cam 612A, the second air inlet two-stroke cam 622A, first exhaust two-stroke cam 612B, second exhaust two
In stroke cam 622B, at least one cam has protrusion near, at least one cam is in intake and exhaust
Near top dead center has protrusion, at least one cam has protrusion near air inlet-compression bottom dead center, at least one cam
There is protrusion near expansion-exhaust lower dead center.Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 gives four stroke cam 614A of the first air inlet and the second air inlet
Four stroke cam 624A have protrusion, four stroke cam 614B of first exhaust and four stroke cam of second exhaust in induction stroke
624B has protrusion in exhaust stroke, and the first air inlet two-stroke cam 612A and four stroke cam 614A of the first air inlet are every
A lower dead center nearby all has protrusion, and second exhaust two-stroke cam 622B has protrusion, first row near each lower dead center
Gas two-stroke cam 612B all has the example of protrusion near each near top dead center and each lower dead center.
First axle sleeve 201 and the second axle sleeve 202 all have two axial positions.
When first axle sleeve 201 is in first position, four stroke cam 614A of the first air inlet drives the first intake rocker 51A,
Four stroke cam 624B of second exhaust drives second exhaust Rocker arm 5 2B.When first axle sleeve 201 is in the second position, the first air inlet
Two-stroke cam 612A drives the first intake rocker 51A, second exhaust two-stroke cam 622B to drive second exhaust Rocker arm 5 2B.
When second axle sleeve 202 is in first position, four stroke cam 614B of first exhaust drives first exhaust Rocker arm 5 1B, the second air inlet
Four stroke cam 624A drive the second intake rocker 52A.When second axle sleeve 202 is in the second position, first exhaust two-stroke is convex
Taking turns 612B drives first exhaust Rocker arm 5 1B, the second air inlet two-stroke cam 622A to drive the second intake rocker 52A.
When first axle sleeve 201 switches from first position to the second position, the work of the second switching mechanism 402.First axle sleeve 201
When switching from the second position to first position, the work of the first switching mechanism 401.Second axle sleeve 202 is from first position to second
When setting switching, third switching mechanism 403 works.When second axle sleeve 202 switches from the second position to first position, the 4th switching machine
Structure 404 works.
First switching mechanism 401, the second switching mechanism 402, third switching mechanism 403 are to cut with the 4th switching mechanism 404
Component is changed, changeover module includes at least telescopic pin.The retracted position of pin is controlled by electromagnetism, hydraulic or gas.
Conventional bushings impulsive must be the public basic circle section of all cams on axle sleeve.There are at least one axis by the present invention
The public basic circle section for putting on all cams is smaller, is unable to satisfy the case where axle sleeve switching requires, in this regard, will need from first exhaust
At least one rocker arm is chosen in Rocker arm 5 1B, second exhaust Rocker arm 5 2B, is set as brake rocker arm, and reset spring is set and drives system
Shake arm and corresponding cam contact.In corresponding axle sleeve switch step, keeps brake rocker arm to be in failure state, realize braking
Rocker arm corresponds to the not common basic circle section switching axle sleeve of cam.
There are two types of working conditions for brake rocker arm tool.When brake rocker arm is in effective status, brake rocker arm drives corresponding gas
Door component；When brake rocker arm is in failure state, brake rocker arm does not drive corresponding valve assembly.
By taking Fig. 1 and embodiment illustrated in fig. 2 as an example, 201 impulsive of the first axle sleeve be the first air inlet two-stroke cam 612A,
The public base of first air inlet, four stroke cam 614A, second exhaust two-stroke cam 622B, four stroke cam 624B of second exhaust
In circle section.Second air inlet two-stroke cam 622A, four stroke cam 624A of the second air inlet, first exhaust two-stroke cam 612B,
The public basic circle section of four stroke cam 614B of first exhaust is very small, is unable to satisfy the switching requirement of the second axle sleeve 202.Passing through will
First exhaust Rocker arm 5 1B is re-established as brake rocker arm, in corresponding axle sleeve switch step, first exhaust Rocker arm 5 1B is kept to be in failure
State realizes the not common basic circle section switching axle sleeve of first exhaust two-stroke cam 612B.I.e. according to the second air inlet two-stroke
The public basic circle section of cam 622A, four stroke cam 624A of the second air inlet, four stroke cam 614B of first exhaust, determine that maximum can
Impulsive.
Brake rocker arm includes at least locking-type or switch fulcrum type structure.Locking-type brake rocker arm has the first bar, second
Bar and the locking mechanism being arranged between the first bar and the second bar, the input terminal of the first bar of actuated by cams, the first bar output end
The second bar input terminal is driven, the second bar output end drives corresponding valve assembly.Switching fulcrum type brake rocker arm has rocker body
And the braking fulcrum that is arranged in rocker body or the braking fulcrum being arranged on fixed bracket；The braking fulcrum includes at least
Hydraulic piston type brakes fulcrum or locking-type brakes fulcrum.Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 gives with the braking branch being arranged on fixed bracket
The switch fulcrum type brake rocker arm schematic diagram of point.
According to the circumferential position of the circumferential position of the contact point of cam and rocker arm, the direction of rotation of camshaft and switching mechanism
It sets, determines the impulsive of switching slot.When any one of the above condition changes, need to adjust other conditions.Therefore, in practical feelings
Under condition, need to determine public basic circle section, the direction of rotation of camshaft and the week of cam output point of cam according to practical type
To position, the impulsive of switching slot and the circumferential position of switching mechanism are adjusted.
In the embodiment that the present invention lists, the first camshaft 101 is rotation counterclockwise, and the second camshaft 102 is up time
Needle rotation, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 are respectively the expanded schematic diagram of the first axle sleeve 201 and the second axle sleeve 202.In addition, the first switching slot 301
It can be separated from each other with the second switching slot 302, such as Fig. 3；By merging the public direction section of the two, the two can be merged into one
Body.The design of third switching slot 303 and the second switching slot 304 equally can be split, be also possible to combination type.
When the firing interval of two neighboring cylinder is greater than the impulsive of switching slot, the two adjacent cylinders can be with
Share same group of switching mechanism (2), benefit is the reduction of the quantity of switching mechanism, reduce costs, drawback be this two
The axial position of a axle sleeve can only be in first position, or be in the second position.It is 1-4-2-6-3-5 with ignition order
1 cylinder of 6 cylinder machine of array and the first axle sleeve of 2 cylinders for, left side N1 be number one cylinder, right side N2 be No. second cylinder, two
The axle sleeve of cylinder shares the first switching mechanism 401 and the second switching mechanism 402；First switching mechanism 401 acts on number one gas
In the first switching slot 301 of cylinder N1 and the first switching slot 301 of No. second cylinder N2；Equally, the second switching mechanism 402 acts on
In the second switching slot 302 of number one cylinder N1 and the second switching slot 302 of No. second cylinder N2.Fig. 5 is axle sleeve expansion signal
Figure.
Note: switching slot only depicts impulsive section in Fig. 3-Fig. 5, does not draw changeover portion.
Various modes can be achieved by control changeover module and brake rocker arm, the present invention.
When engine needs the operation of four stroke drive modes, the first axle sleeve 201 is in first position, the second axle sleeve 202
In first position, brake rocker arm is in effective status, supplies fuel in cylinder.
When engine needs deactivation mode to run, the first axle sleeve 201 is in the second position, and the second axle sleeve 202 is in the
Two positions, brake rocker arm are in failure state, do not supply fuel in cylinder.
When engine needs four stroke braking mode of the first kind to run, the first axle sleeve 201 is in first position, the second axis
Set 202 is in first position, and brake rocker arm is in effective status, does not supply fuel in cylinder.
When engine needs the operation of four stroke braking mode of the second class, the first axle sleeve 201 is in first position, the second axis
Set 202 is in first position, and brake rocker arm is in failure state, does not supply fuel in cylinder.
When engine needs four stroke braking mode of third class to run, the first axle sleeve 201 is in the second position, the second axis
Set 202 is in first position, and brake rocker arm is in effective status, does not supply fuel in cylinder.
When engine needs the operation of four stroke braking mode of the 4th class, the first axle sleeve 201 is in the second position, the second axis
Set 202 is in first position, and brake rocker arm is in failure state, does not supply fuel in cylinder.
When engine needs the operation of four stroke braking mode of the 5th class, the first axle sleeve 201 is in first position, the second axis
Set 202 is in the second position, and brake rocker arm is in failure state, does not supply fuel in cylinder.
When engine needs the operation of four stroke braking mode of the 6th class, the first axle sleeve 201 is in first position, the second axis
Set 202 is in the second position, and brake rocker arm is in effective status, does not supply fuel in cylinder.
When engine needs two-stroke braking mode to run, the first axle sleeve 201 is in the second position, the second axle sleeve 202
In the second position, brake rocker arm is in effective status, does not supply fuel in cylinder.
When engine needs four stroke emergency brake modes of the first kind to run, the first axle sleeve 201 is in the second position, the
Two axle sleeves 202 are in first position, and brake rocker arm is in effective status, supplies fuel in cylinder.
When engine needs the operation of four stroke emergency brake modes of the second class, the first axle sleeve 201 is in first position, the
Two axle sleeves 202 are in the second position, and brake rocker arm is in effective status, supplies fuel in cylinder.
When engine needs two-stroke emergency brake modes to run, the first axle sleeve 201 is in the second position, the second axle sleeve
202 are in the second position, and brake rocker arm is in effective status, supplies fuel in cylinder.
Above-mentioned various braking modes, it can be achieved that engine different braking power output.On being chosen according to vehicle needs
State mode.
In the drive mode, fuel burning does positive work to engine, and engine output power drives wheel operation.Engine exists
Negative work is done in all kinds of four strokes emergency brake modes, burning burning before compression top center；Engine is in two-stroke emergency braking mould
Negative work is done in formula, burning burning before each top dead centre, and engine generates the slow and braking under resistance realization vehicle emergency.
Emergency brake modes of the present invention fail mainly for vehicle primary brake system, other auxiliary braking system fail or braking work
Situations such as rate is insufficient, for vehicle slowly and braking etc., guarantee vehicle safety.
Since the present invention each cylinder shaft set is individually controllable, for Multi-Cylinder Diesel Engine, all cylinders can be divided into inoperative cylinder and
Working cylinder, inoperative cylinder use deactivation mode, and working cylinder is using drive mode or braking mode, it can be achieved that grading control
Engine power output.When needing smaller power such as vehicle, i.e., engine is in underrun state, and four stroke points can be used
Grade cylinder deactivation actuation techniques use deactivation mode using a part of cylinder, other cylinders use four stroke drive modes, and stop
Cylinder rate changes with the change of engine load, can significantly reduce the oil consumption and discharge of engine.For another example a part of cylinder is adopted
With deactivation mode, other cylinders are using braking mode, it can be achieved that engine exports system according to Vehicular behavior continuously adjustablely
Dynamic power.In addition, in the braking mode, each cylinder uses identical or different braking mode.It, can also be under each braking mode
Egr system, turbo charge system, the butterfly valve being arranged on exhaust pipe etc. cooperate, and obtain different braking power, realize engine
Braking power is exported continuously adjustablely according to Vehicular behavior.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of multi-mode valve actuating mechanism, it includes exhaust valve assemblies and intake valve assembly, it is characterized in that:
First camshaft (101) drives the first axle sleeve (201) rotation by spline, and the second camshaft (102) is driven by spline
Second axle sleeve (202) rotation；
First axle sleeve (201) is provided with the first air inlet two-stroke cam (612A), four stroke cam of the first air inlet (614A), second
It is vented two-stroke cam (622B), four stroke cam of second exhaust (624B), the first switching slot (301) and the second switching slot
(302), the second axle sleeve (202) is provided with the second air inlet two-stroke cam (622A), four stroke cam of the second air inlet (624A),
One exhaust two-stroke cam (612B), four stroke cam of first exhaust (614B), third switching slot (303) and the 4th switching slot
(304)；
First intake rocker (51A) is corresponding with the first intake valve assembly (71A), the second intake rocker (52A) and the second inlet valve
Component (72A) is corresponding, and the first second exhaust rocker arm (51B) is corresponding with first exhaust door component (71B), second exhaust rocker arm
(52B) is corresponding with second exhaust door component (72B)；
First axle sleeve (201) and the second axle sleeve (202) all have two axial positions；
When first axle sleeve (201) is in first position, four stroke cam of the first air inlet (614A) drives the first intake rocker
(51A), four stroke cam of second exhaust (624B) drive second exhaust rocker arm (52B)；
When first axle sleeve (201) is in the second position, the first air inlet two-stroke cam (612A) drives the first intake rocker
(51A), second exhaust two-stroke cam (622B) drive second exhaust rocker arm (52B)；
When second axle sleeve (202) is in first position, four stroke cam of first exhaust (614B) drives first exhaust rocker arm
(51B), four stroke cam of the second air inlet (624A) drive the second intake rocker (52A)；
When second axle sleeve (202) is in the second position, first exhaust two-stroke cam (612B) drives first exhaust rocker arm
(51B), the second air inlet two-stroke cam (622A) drive the second intake rocker (52A)；
When first axle sleeve (201) switches from first position to the second position, the second switching mechanism (402) work；First axle sleeve
(201) when switching from the second position to first position, the first switching mechanism (401) work；Second axle sleeve (202) is from first position
When switching to the second position, third switching mechanism (403) work；Second axle sleeve (202) switches from the second position to first position
When, the work of the 4th switching mechanism (404)；
At least one in the first exhaust rocker arm (51B), second exhaust rocker arm (52B) is brake rocker arm, and reset spring drives
Make brake rocker arm and corresponding cam contact；
There are two types of working conditions for brake rocker arm tool；
When brake rocker arm is in effective status, brake rocker arm drives corresponding valve assembly；
When brake rocker arm is in failure state, brake rocker arm does not drive corresponding valve assembly；
Non-brake rocker arm drives corresponding valve assembly always.
2. multi-mode valve actuating mechanism according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the first switching mechanism (401), the second switching machine
Structure (402), third switching mechanism (403) and the 4th switching mechanism (404) are changeover module, and the changeover module includes at least can
Flexible pin；The retracted position of the pin is controlled by electromagnetism, hydraulic or gas.
3. multi-mode valve actuating mechanism according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the brake rocker arm include at least locking-type or
Switch fulcrum type structure；
The locking-type brake rocker arm has the first bar, the second bar and the locking machine being arranged between the first bar and the second bar
Structure, the input terminal of the first bar of actuated by cams, the first bar output end drive the second bar input terminal, and the driving of the second bar output end is corresponding
Valve assembly；
The switch fulcrum type brake rocker arm has rocker body and the braking fulcrum being arranged in rocker body or is arranged in fixation
Braking fulcrum on bracket；The braking fulcrum includes at least hydraulic piston type braking fulcrum or locking-type brakes fulcrum.
4. multi-mode valve actuating mechanism according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: four stroke cam of the first air inlet (614A)
And/or four stroke cam of the second air inlet (624A) at least has protrusion in induction stroke；Four stroke cam of first exhaust (614B)
And/or four stroke cam of second exhaust (624B) at least has protrusion in exhaust stroke；First air inlet two-stroke cam (612A),
Second air inlet two-stroke cam (622A), first exhaust two-stroke cam (612B), in second exhaust two-stroke cam (622B),
At least one cam has protrusion near, at least one cam has convex in intake and exhaust near top dead center
It rises, at least one cam has protrusion near air inlet-compression bottom dead center, at least one cam stops under expansion-exhaust
Point nearby has protrusion.
5. multi-mode valve actuating mechanism according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the firing interval when two neighboring cylinder is greater than
When the impulsive of switching slot, the axle sleeve of described two adjacent cylinders can also share switching mechanism.
6. the control method of multi-mode valve actuating mechanism described in -5 according to claim 1, it is characterized in that:
When engine needs the operation of four stroke drive modes, the first axle sleeve (201) is in first position, the second axle sleeve (202)
In first position, brake rocker arm is in effective status, supplies fuel in cylinder；
When engine needs deactivation mode to run, the first axle sleeve (201) is in the second position, and the second axle sleeve (202) is in the
Two positions, brake rocker arm are in failure state, do not supply fuel in cylinder；
When engine needs four stroke braking mode of the first kind to run, the first axle sleeve (201) is in first position, the second axle sleeve
(202) it is in first position, brake rocker arm is in effective status, does not supply fuel in cylinder；
When engine needs the operation of four stroke braking mode of the second class, the first axle sleeve (201) is in first position, the second axle sleeve
(202) it is in first position, brake rocker arm is in failure state, does not supply fuel in cylinder；
When engine needs four stroke braking mode of third class to run, the first axle sleeve (201) is in the second position, the second axle sleeve
(202) it is in first position, brake rocker arm is in effective status, does not supply fuel in cylinder；
When engine needs the operation of four stroke braking mode of the 4th class, the first axle sleeve (201) is in the second position, the second axle sleeve
(202) it is in first position, brake rocker arm is in failure state, does not supply fuel in cylinder；
When engine needs the operation of four stroke braking mode of the 5th class, the first axle sleeve (201) is in first position, the second axle sleeve
(202) it is in the second position, brake rocker arm is in failure state, does not supply fuel in cylinder；
When engine needs the operation of four stroke braking mode of the 6th class, the first axle sleeve (201) is in first position, the second axle sleeve
(202) it is in the second position, brake rocker arm is in effective status, does not supply fuel in cylinder；
When engine needs two-stroke braking mode to run, the first axle sleeve (201) is in the second position, the second axle sleeve (202)
In the second position, brake rocker arm is in effective status, does not supply fuel in cylinder；
When engine needs four stroke emergency brake modes of the first kind to run, the first axle sleeve (201) is in the second position, and second
Axle sleeve (202) is in first position, and brake rocker arm is in effective status, supplies fuel in cylinder；
When engine needs the operation of four stroke emergency brake modes of the second class, the first axle sleeve (201) is in first position, and second
Axle sleeve (202) is in the second position, and brake rocker arm is in effective status, supplies fuel in cylinder；
When engine needs two-stroke emergency brake modes to run, the first axle sleeve (201) is in the second position, the second axle sleeve
(202) it is in the second position, brake rocker arm is in effective status, supplies fuel in cylinder.
7. the control method of multi-mode valve actuating mechanism according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: for Multi-Cylinder Diesel Engine, inoperative
Cylinder uses deactivation mode, and working cylinder uses drive mode or braking mode.
8. the control method of multi-mode valve actuating mechanism according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: being braked for Multi-Cylinder Diesel Engine
Under mode, each cylinder uses identical or different braking mode.
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| CN2018115090456 | 2018-12-11 | ||
| CN201811509045 | 2018-12-11 |
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