CN109488403A - A kind of multi-mode valve actuating mechanism and its control method - Google Patents
A kind of multi-mode valve actuating mechanism and its control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109488403A CN109488403A CN201910004403.6A CN201910004403A CN109488403A CN 109488403 A CN109488403 A CN 109488403A CN 201910004403 A CN201910004403 A CN 201910004403A CN 109488403 A CN109488403 A CN 109488403A
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- Prior art keywords
- axle sleeve
- stroke
- exhaust
- cam
- rocker arm
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/02—Valve drive
- F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
- F01L1/06—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like the cams, or the like, rotating at a higher speed than that corresponding to the valve cycle, e.g. operating fourstroke engine valves directly from crankshaft
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
- F01L1/18—Rocking arms or levers
- F01L1/181—Centre pivot rocking arms
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/36—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear peculiar to machines or engines of specific type other than four-stroke cycle
- F01L1/38—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear peculiar to machines or engines of specific type other than four-stroke cycle for engines with other than four-stroke cycle, e.g. with two-stroke cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/46—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in preceding subgroups
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
- F01L13/06—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for braking
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
- F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
- F01L13/0036—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction
- F01L2013/0052—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction with cams provided on an axially slidable sleeve
Abstract
A kind of multi-mode valve actuating mechanism and its control method belong to engine valve actuating mechanism, cylinder deactivation, become stroke driving and auxiliary braking field.It includes the first axle sleeve driven by the first camshaft by spline, the second axle sleeve, brake cam, switching mechanism and the brake rocker arm that are driven by the second camshaft by spline etc..First axle set is provided with the first air inlet two-stroke cam, four stroke cam of the first air inlet, second exhaust two-stroke cam, four stroke cam of second exhaust etc., and the second axle sleeve is provided with the second air inlet two-stroke cam, four stroke cam of the second air inlet, first exhaust two-stroke cam, four stroke cam of first exhaust etc..Pass through control switching mechanism and brake rocker arm, the present invention realizes the flexible switching of the various modes such as the driving of engine two-stroke, four strokes classification driving, four stroke braking by grades and two-stroke braking by grades, reaches dynamic property, economy, safety and the transport capacity for improving vehicle.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of multi-mode valve actuating mechanism and its control methods, belong to engine valve actuating mechanism, cylinder deactivation, become punching
Journey driving and auxiliary braking field.
Background technique
With sharply increasing for engine ownership, energy and environment problem and travel safety problem have become restriction
One of the significant problem of China's sustainable development.Because it can effectively improve engine power output, reduction oil consumption and discharge, become
Stroke actuation techniques, cylinder stopping technique etc. are concerned.Engine Downsizing (Down-size) and low speed (Down-speed) are
As generally acknowledged energy-saving and emission-reduction development trend.And when engine braking, cylinder diameter is smaller, revolving speed is lower, and braking effect is poorer.In vehicle
Itself stopping power constantly weakens, shipping requires to be continuously improved, road environment is complicated and changeable, vehicle safety increasingly by
Auxiliary braking system is classified as under the overall background of one of vehicle indispensability attachment by the attention of people, more and more countries, is realized high
It is imperative to imitate braking by grades mode.
In view of the above-mentioned problems, applicant proposed the partition zone optimizing engine performance within the scope of driving-braking full working scope
Multimode engine.In the case where low-speed big drives operating condition, using two-stroke drive mode, to meet wanting for high power output
It asks；In the case where other drive operating condition, it is classified drive mode using four strokes, to meet the requirement of low oil consumption and low emission；In vehicle
Under small load brake operating condition, it is classified braking mode using four strokes, meets requirement when vehicle underloading, lower visite or gentle slope；?
Under vehicle heavy load damped condition, using two-stroke braking by grades mode, wanted when meeting vehicle heavy duty, lower long slope or abrupt slope
It asks, realizes high-effective classifying brake request；Vehicle main brake and/or other brake system non-functionals etc. in emergency circumstances, using not
Same emergency brake modes, meet the brake request of emergency.Based on this, the realization key of multimode engine is can be real
Existing four stroke of engine classification drive mode, two-stroke drive mode, four strokes classification braking mode and two-stroke braking by grades
The exploitation of the multi-mode valve actuating mechanism flexibly switched between the various modes such as mode.
Since the variable valve actuating mechanism of existing functionization is mostly used for the engine of four stroke drive modes, it is not able to satisfy more
The requirement of mode engine, therefore develop a set of high reliablity, simple and compact for structure and meet matching for multimode engine requirement
Mechanism of qi structure is imperative.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to: by designing a kind of multi-mode valve actuating mechanism and its control method, for realizing :(a)
In order to reach the operation that the high power of engine, low oil consumption, low emission and high-effective classifying are braked, valve actuating mechanism is needed to realize two-stroke
The various modes such as driving, four strokes classification driving, four stroke braking by grades and two-stroke braking by grades.(b) in order to meet vehicle
Requirement to responsiveness, especially guarantee power output are not interrupted, are wanted between four stroke drive modes and two-stroke drive mode
Accomplish seamless switching.(c) in order to which the arrangement for meeting multicylinder engine requires, need structure of the invention compact.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that: this multi-mode valve actuating mechanism includes exhaust valve assemblies and intake valve assembly
Deng.First camshaft drives the rotation of the first axle sleeve by spline, and the second camshaft drives the second axle sleeve to rotate by spline.First
Axle sleeve is provided with the first air inlet two-stroke cam, four stroke cam of the first air inlet, second exhaust two-stroke cam, second exhaust four
Stroke cam, the first switching slot and the second switching slot.Second axle sleeve is provided with the second air inlet two-stroke cam, the second air inlet four punching
Journey cam, first exhaust two-stroke cam, four stroke cam of first exhaust, third switching slot and the 4th switching slot.First air inlet
Rocker arm drives the first intake valve assembly, and the second intake rocker drives the second intake valve assembly.Brake cam is arranged in the first axle sleeve
Or second be arranged on the first camshaft or the second camshaft on axle sleeve, or by spline.First back-moving spring drives braking to be shaken
Arm is contacted with brake cam.Brake block drives first exhaust door component or second exhaust door component.
First axle sleeve and the second axle sleeve all have two axial positions.
When first axle sleeve is in first position, four stroke cam of the first air inlet drives the first intake rocker.At first axle sleeve
When the second position, first air inlet two-stroke the first intake rocker of actuated by cams.
When second axle sleeve is in first position, four stroke cam of the second air inlet drives the second intake rocker.At second axle sleeve
When the second position, second air inlet two-stroke the second intake rocker of actuated by cams.
When brake block drives first exhaust door component: first exhaust rocker arm drives first row by brake block
Valve assembly, second exhaust rocker arm drive second exhaust door component.When first axle sleeve is in first position, four stroke of second exhaust
Actuated by cams second exhaust rocker arm.When first axle sleeve is in the second position, second exhaust two-stroke actuated by cams second exhaust is shaken
Arm.When second axle sleeve is in first position, second back-moving spring drives first exhaust rocker arm to connect with four stroke cam of first exhaust
Touching.When second axle sleeve is in the second position, second back-moving spring drives first exhaust rocker arm to connect with first exhaust two-stroke cam
Touching.
When brake block drives second exhaust door component: first exhaust rocker arm driving first exhaust door component, second
Exhaust rocker arm drives second exhaust door component by brake block.When first axle sleeve is in first position, second back-moving spring
Second exhaust rocker arm is driven to contact with four stroke cam of second exhaust.When first axle sleeve is in the second position, second back-moving spring
Drive second exhaust rocker arm and second exhaust two-stroke cam contact.When second axle sleeve is in first position, first exhaust four is rushed
Journey actuated by cams first exhaust rocker arm.When second axle sleeve is in the second position, first exhaust two-stroke actuated by cams first exhaust
Rocker arm.
There are two types of working conditions for brake rocker arm tool.When brake rocker arm is in effective status, brake rocker arm drives brake
Block.When brake rocker arm is in failure state, brake rocker arm does not drive brake block.
When first axle sleeve switches from first position to the second position, the work of the second switching mechanism.First axle sleeve is from second
It sets to when the switching of first position, the first switching mechanism works.When second axle sleeve switches from first position to the second position, third is cut
Structure of changing planes work.When second axle sleeve switches from the second position to first position, the work of the 4th switching mechanism.
First switching mechanism, the second switching mechanism, third switching mechanism and the 4th switching mechanism are changeover module, switch groups
Part includes at least telescopic pin.The retracted position of pin is controlled by electromagnetism, hydraulic or gas.
Brake rocker arm includes at least locking-type or switch fulcrum type structure.Locking-type brake rocker arm has the first bar, second
Bar and the locking mechanism being arranged between the first bar and the second bar, brake cam drive the input terminal of the first bar, and the first bar is defeated
Outlet drives the second bar input terminal, and the second bar output end drives brake block, and locking mechanism has effective and two kinds of shapes of failure
State.Switch fulcrum type brake rocker arm has rocker body and the braking fulcrum being arranged in rocker body or setting on fixed bracket
Braking fulcrum.It brakes fulcrum and includes at least hydraulic piston type braking fulcrum or locking-type braking fulcrum, braking fulcrum has
Effect and failure two states.
First air inlet, four stroke cam and/or four stroke cam of the second air inlet at least have protrusion in induction stroke.First
Exhaust four stroke cam and/or four stroke cam of second exhaust at least have protrusion in exhaust stroke.First air inlet two-stroke is convex
In wheel and the second air inlet two-stroke cam, at least one cam has protrusion, at least one near air inlet-compression bottom dead center
A cam has protrusion near expansion-exhaust lower dead center.In first exhaust two-stroke cam and second exhaust two-stroke cam,
At least one cam has protrusion near air inlet-compression bottom dead center, at least one cam is attached in expansion-exhaust lower dead center
It is close that there is protrusion.Brake cam has protrusion in each near top dead center.
When the firing interval of two neighboring cylinder is greater than the impulsive of switching slot, the axle sleeve of described two adjacent cylinders
Switching mechanism can also be shared.
When engine needs two-stroke drive mode to run, the first axle sleeve be in the second position, and the second axle sleeve is in the
Two positions, brake rocker arm are in failure state, supply fuel in cylinder.
When engine needs the operation of four stroke drive modes, the first axle sleeve be in first position, and the second axle sleeve is in the
One position, brake rocker arm are in failure state, supply fuel in cylinder.
When engine needs deactivation mode to run, the first axle sleeve is in the second position, and the second axle sleeve is in the second position,
Brake rocker arm is in failure state, does not supply fuel in cylinder.
When engine needs four stroke braking mode of the first kind to run, the first axle sleeve is in first position, the second axle sleeve
In first position, brake rocker arm is in failure state, does not supply fuel in cylinder.
When engine needs the operation of four stroke braking mode of the second class, the first axle sleeve is in first position, the second axle sleeve
In the second position, brake rocker arm is in failure state, does not supply fuel in cylinder.
When engine needs four stroke braking mode of third class to run, the first axle sleeve is in the second position, the second axle sleeve
In first position, brake rocker arm is in failure state, does not supply fuel in cylinder.
When engine needs the operation of four stroke braking mode of the 4th class, the first axle sleeve is in first position, the second axle sleeve
In first position, brake rocker arm is in effective status, does not supply fuel in cylinder.
When engine needs the operation of four stroke braking mode of the 5th class, the first axle sleeve is in first position, the second axle sleeve
In the second position, brake rocker arm is in effective status, does not supply fuel in cylinder.
When engine needs the operation of four stroke braking mode of the 6th class, the first axle sleeve is in the second position, the second axle sleeve
In first position, brake rocker arm is in effective status, does not supply fuel in cylinder.
When engine needs two-stroke braking mode to run, the first axle sleeve be in the second position, and the second axle sleeve is in the
Two positions, brake rocker arm are in effective status, do not supply fuel in cylinder.
When engine needs four stroke emergency brake modes of the first kind to run, the first axle sleeve is in first position, and second
Axle sleeve is in first position, and brake rocker arm is in effective status, supplies fuel in cylinder.
When engine needs the operation of four stroke emergency brake modes of the second class, the first axle sleeve is in first position, and second
Axle sleeve is in the second position, and brake rocker arm is in effective status, supplies fuel in cylinder.
When engine needs four stroke emergency brake modes of third class to run, the first axle sleeve is in the second position, and second
Axle sleeve is in first position, and brake rocker arm is in effective status, supplies fuel in cylinder.
When engine needs two-stroke emergency brake modes to run, the first axle sleeve is in the second position, at the second axle sleeve
In the second position, brake rocker arm is in effective status, supplies fuel in cylinder.
For Multi-Cylinder Diesel Engine, inoperative cylinder uses deactivation mode, and working cylinder uses drive mode or braking mode.
For Multi-Cylinder Diesel Engine, in the braking mode, each cylinder uses identical or different braking mode.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: this multi-mode valve actuating mechanism mainly includes being driven by the first camshaft by spline
The first axle sleeve, the second axle sleeve, brake cam, switching mechanism and the brake rocker arm that are driven by the second camshaft by spline etc..
First axle set is provided with the first air inlet two-stroke cam, four stroke cam of the first air inlet, second exhaust two-stroke cam, second row
Four stroke cam of gas etc., the second axle sleeve are provided with the second air inlet two-stroke cam, four stroke cam of the second air inlet, first exhaust two
Stroke cam, four stroke cam of first exhaust etc..(a) by control changeover module and brake rocker arm, engine two-stroke is realized
The flexible switching of the various modes such as driving, four strokes classification driving, four stroke braking by grades and two-stroke braking by grades, reaches and mentions
Dynamic property, economy, emission performance, safety and the transport capacity of high vehicle.(b) seamless switching between mode meets vehicle to sound
The requirement of answering property, this is especially to meeting response quickly and dynamic when switching between two-stroke drive mode and four stroke drive modes
Power output is continuous most important.(c) present invention uses the arrangement of one valve assembly of an actuated by cams, compared with a cam
For the arrangement for driving multiple valve assemblies, the cam stress in the present invention is small, and cam thickness is small, sleeve length and axle sleeve
Moving distance is short, can satisfy arrangement requirement of the multicylinder engine to valve actuating mechanism；(d) between the igniting of two neighboring cylinder
Every the engine for the impulsive for being greater than switching slot, the axle sleeve of described two adjacent cylinders can also share switching mechanism, and reduction is cut
It changes planes the quantity of structure, reduces cost.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is further described with embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the first schematic diagram of multi-mode valve actuating mechanism.
Fig. 2 is the second schematic diagram of multi-mode valve actuating mechanism.
Fig. 3 is the first axle sleeve expanded schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is the second axle sleeve expanded schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is the adjacent cylinder axle sleeve expanded schematic diagram for sharing switching mechanism.
In figure: 101, the first camshaft；102, the second camshaft；201, the first axle sleeve；202, the second axle sleeve；301, first
Switching slot；302, the second switching slot；303, third switching slot；304, the 4th switching slot；401, the first switching mechanism；402, second
Switching mechanism；403, third switching mechanism；404, the 4th switching mechanism；51A, the first intake rocker；52A, the second intake rocker；
51B, first exhaust rocker arm；52B, second exhaust rocker arm；51C, brake rocker arm；51D, braking fulcrum；51E, brake block；
51K, first back-moving spring；52K, second back-moving spring；612A, the first air inlet two-stroke cam；614A, four stroke of the first air inlet
Cam；622A, the second air inlet two-stroke cam；624A, four stroke cam of the second air inlet；612B, first exhaust two-stroke cam；
614B, four stroke cam of first exhaust；622B, second exhaust two-stroke cam；624B, four stroke cam of second exhaust；61B,
Brake cam；71A, the first intake valve assembly；72A, the second intake valve assembly；71B, first exhaust door component；72B, second row
Valve assembly；N1, number one cylinder；N2, No. second cylinder.
Specific embodiment
The present invention relates to a kind of multi-mode valve actuating mechanisms.It includes exhaust valve assemblies, intake valve assembly, the first camshaft
101, the second camshaft 102, the first axle sleeve 201, the second axle sleeve 202, brake cam 61B etc..First camshaft 101 passes through spline
The first axle sleeve 201 is driven to rotate, the second camshaft 102 drives the second axle sleeve 202 to rotate by spline.The setting of first axle sleeve 201
There are the first air inlet two-stroke cam 612A, four stroke cam 614A of the first air inlet, second exhaust two-stroke cam 622B, second row
Four stroke cam 624B of gas, the first switching slot 301 and the second switching slot 302.Second axle sleeve 202 is provided with the second air inlet two-stroke
Cam 622A, four stroke cam 624A of the second air inlet, first exhaust two-stroke cam 612B, four stroke cam of first exhaust
614B, third switching slot 303 and the 4th switching slot 304.First intake rocker 51A driving the first intake valve assembly 71A, second into
Gas Rocker arm 5 2A drives the second intake valve assembly 72A.
Brake cam 61B is arranged on the first axle sleeve 201 or the second axle sleeve 202, or is arranged by spline in the first cam
On axis 101 or the second camshaft 102.First back-moving spring 51K drives brake rocker arm 51C to contact with brake cam 61B.Braking passes
Motion block 51E drives first exhaust door component 71B or second exhaust door component 72B.
First air inlet, four stroke cam 614A and/or four stroke cam 624A of the second air inlet at least has in induction stroke convex
It rises.Four stroke cam 614B of first exhaust and/or four stroke cam 624B of second exhaust at least has protrusion in exhaust stroke.The
In one air inlet two-stroke cam 612A and the second air inlet two-stroke cam 622A, at least one cam stops under air inlet-compression
Point nearby has protrusion, at least one cam has protrusion near expansion-exhaust lower dead center.First exhaust two-stroke cam
In 612B and second exhaust two-stroke cam 622B, at least one cam has protrusion near air inlet-compression bottom dead center, until
A rare cam has protrusion near expansion-exhaust lower dead center.Brake cam 61B has convex in each near top dead center
It rises.Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 gives four stroke cam 614A of the first air inlet and four stroke cam 624A of the second air inlet to be had in induction stroke
Protrusion, four stroke cam 614B of first exhaust and four stroke cam 624B of second exhaust exhaust stroke have protrusion, first into
Gas two-stroke cam 612A, the second air inlet two-stroke cam 622A, first exhaust two-stroke cam 612B, second exhaust two-stroke
Cam 622B has protrusion near each lower dead center, and brake cam 61B has protrusion in each near top dead center, brakes convex
It takes turns 61B to be arranged on the second axle sleeve 202, brake block 51E drives the embodiment of first exhaust door component 71B.Fig. 3 and Fig. 4
The expanded schematic diagram of respectively corresponding first axle sleeve 201 and the second axle sleeve 202.
First axle sleeve 201 and the second axle sleeve 202 all have two axial positions.
When first axle sleeve 201 is in first position, four stroke cam 614A of the first air inlet drives the first intake rocker 51A.
When first axle sleeve 201 is in the second position, the first air inlet two-stroke cam 612A drives the first intake rocker 51A.
When second axle sleeve 202 is in first position, four stroke cam 624A of the second air inlet drives the second intake rocker 52A.
When second axle sleeve 202 is in the second position, the second air inlet two-stroke cam 622A drives the second intake rocker 52A.
When brake block 51E drives first exhaust door component 71B: first exhaust Rocker arm 5 1B passes through brake block
51E drives first exhaust door component 71B, second exhaust Rocker arm 5 2B to drive second exhaust door component 72B.First axle sleeve 201 is in
When first position, four stroke cam 624B of second exhaust drives second exhaust Rocker arm 5 2B.First axle sleeve 201 is in the second position
When, second exhaust two-stroke cam 622B drives second exhaust Rocker arm 5 2B.When second axle sleeve 202 is in first position, second is multiple
Position spring 52K drives first exhaust Rocker arm 5 1B to contact with four stroke cam 614B of first exhaust.Second axle sleeve 202 is in second
When position, second back-moving spring 52K drives first exhaust Rocker arm 5 1B to contact with first exhaust two-stroke cam 612B.
When brake block 51E drives second exhaust door component 72B: first exhaust Rocker arm 5 1B drives first row valve
Component 71B, second exhaust Rocker arm 5 2B drive second exhaust door component 72B by brake block 51E.First axle sleeve 201 is in
When first position, second back-moving spring 52K drives second exhaust Rocker arm 5 2B to contact with four stroke cam 624B of second exhaust.The
When one axle sleeve 201 is in the second position, second back-moving spring 52K drives second exhaust Rocker arm 5 2B and second exhaust two-stroke convex
Take turns 622B contact.When second axle sleeve 202 is in first position, four stroke cam 614B of first exhaust drives first exhaust rocker arm
51B.When second axle sleeve 202 is in the second position, first exhaust two-stroke cam 612B drives first exhaust Rocker arm 5 1B.
There are two types of working conditions for brake rocker arm 51C tool.When brake rocker arm 51C is in effective status, brake rocker arm 51C driving
Brake block 51E.When brake rocker arm 51C is in failure state, brake rocker arm 51C does not drive brake block 51E.
Brake rocker arm 51C includes at least locking-type or switch fulcrum type structure.Locking-type brake rocker arm has the first bar, the
Two bars and the locking mechanism being arranged between the first bar and the second bar, the input terminal of brake cam 61B the first bar of driving, first
Bar output end drives the second bar input terminal, and the second bar output end drives brake block 51E, and locking mechanism has effectively and fails
Two states.Switch fulcrum type brake rocker arm has rocker body and the braking fulcrum being arranged in rocker body or is arranged in fixation
Braking fulcrum on bracket.It brakes fulcrum and includes at least hydraulic piston type braking fulcrum or locking-type braking fulcrum, brake fulcrum
With effective and failure two states.In Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, brake rocker arm 51C brakes fulcrum using switch fulcrum type brake rocker arm
51D is arranged in rocker body.
When first axle sleeve 201 switches from first position to the second position, the work of the second switching mechanism 402.First axle sleeve 201
When switching from the second position to first position, the work of the first switching mechanism 401.Second axle sleeve 202 is from first position to second
When setting switching, third switching mechanism 403 works.When second axle sleeve 202 switches from the second position to first position, the 4th switching machine
Structure 404 works.
First switching mechanism 401, the second switching mechanism 402, third switching mechanism 403 are to cut with the 4th switching mechanism 404
Component is changed, changeover module includes at least telescopic pin.The retracted position of pin is controlled by electromagnetism, hydraulic or gas.
Conventional bushings impulsive must be the public basic circle section of all cams on axle sleeve.When brake cam 61B is not provided with
When on the first axle sleeve 201,201 impulsive of the first axle sleeve is the first air inlet two-stroke cam 612A, four stroke of the first air inlet
Cam 614A, second exhaust two-stroke cam 622B, four stroke cam 624B of second exhaust public basic circle section in.It is convex when braking
When wheel 61B is not arranged on the second axle sleeve 202,202 impulsive of the second axle sleeve is the second air inlet two-stroke cam 622A, second
The public basic circle section of four stroke cam 624A of air inlet, first exhaust two-stroke cam 612B, four stroke cam 614B of first exhaust
It is interior.
When brake cam 61B is arranged on the first axle sleeve 201, the first air inlet two-stroke cam 612A, the first air inlet four
Stroke cam 614A, second exhaust two-stroke cam 622B, four stroke cam 624B of second exhaust, brake cam 61B it is public
Basic circle section is very small, is unable to satisfy switching and requires.When brake cam 61B is arranged on the second axle sleeve 202, the second air inlet two punching
Journey cam 622A, four stroke cam 624A of the second air inlet, first exhaust two-stroke cam 612B, four stroke cam of first exhaust
614B, the public basic circle section of brake cam 61B are very small, are unable to satisfy switching and require.For above-mentioned two situations, the present invention is logical
It crosses in corresponding axle sleeve switch step, keeps brake rocker arm 51C to be in failure state, realize the not common base of brake cam 61B
Circle section switches axle sleeve.I.e. when brake cam 61B be arranged on the first axle sleeve 201 when, according to the first air inlet two-stroke cam 612A,
The public base of first air inlet, four stroke cam 614A, second exhaust two-stroke cam 622B, four stroke cam 624B of second exhaust
Circle section determines maximum changeable section；When brake cam 61B is arranged on the second axle sleeve 202, according to the second air inlet two-stroke
Cam 622A, four stroke cam 624A of the second air inlet, first exhaust two-stroke cam 612B, four stroke cam 614B of first exhaust
Public basic circle section, determine maximum changeable section.
According to the circumferential position of the circumferential position of the contact point of cam and rocker arm, the direction of rotation of camshaft and switching mechanism
It sets, determines the impulsive of switching slot.When any one of the above condition changes, need to adjust other conditions.Therefore, in practical feelings
Under condition, need to determine public basic circle section, the direction of rotation of camshaft and the week of cam output point of cam according to practical type
To position, the impulsive of switching slot and the circumferential position of switching mechanism are adjusted.
In the embodiment that the present invention lists, the first camshaft 101 is rotation counterclockwise, and the second camshaft 102 is up time
Needle rotation, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 are respectively the expanded schematic diagram of the first axle sleeve 201 and the second axle sleeve 202.In addition, the first switching slot 301
It can be separated from each other with the second switching slot 302, such as Fig. 3；By merging the public direction section of the two, the two can be merged into one
Body.The design of third switching slot 303 and the second switching slot 304 equally can be split, be also possible to combination type.
For the Multi-Cylinder Diesel Engine of small cylinder spacing, the brake cam that adjacent cylinder also can be used in the present invention is disposed alternately at phase respectively
On adjacent the first axle sleeve of cylinder and the second axle sleeve, meets its arrangement and require.
When the firing interval of two neighboring cylinder is greater than the impulsive of switching slot, the two adjacent cylinders can be with
Share same group of switching mechanism (2), benefit is the reduction of the quantity of switching mechanism, reduce costs, drawback be this two
The axial position of a axle sleeve can only be in first position, or be in the second position.It is 1-4-2-6-3-5 with ignition order
1 cylinder of 6 cylinder machine of array and the first axle sleeve of 2 cylinders for, left side N1 be number one cylinder, right side N2 be No. second cylinder, two
The axle sleeve of cylinder shares the first switching mechanism 401 and the second switching mechanism 402；First switching mechanism 401 acts on number one gas
In the first switching slot 301 of cylinder N1 and the first switching slot 301 of No. second cylinder N2；Equally, the second switching mechanism 402 acts on
In the second switching slot 302 of number one cylinder N1 and the second switching slot 302 of No. second cylinder N2.Fig. 5 is axle sleeve expansion signal
Figure.
Note: switching slot only depicts impulsive section in Fig. 3-Fig. 5, does not draw changeover portion.
Various modes can be achieved by control changeover module and brake rocker arm 51C, the present invention.
When engine needs two-stroke drive mode to run, the first axle sleeve 201 is in the second position, the second axle sleeve 202
In the second position, brake rocker arm 51C is in failure state, supplies fuel in cylinder, it is defeated to can get higher engine power
Out, meet the working condition requirements such as vehicle heavy duty climbing.
When engine needs the operation of four stroke drive modes, the first axle sleeve 201 is in first position, the second axle sleeve 202
In first position, brake rocker arm 51C is in failure state, supplies fuel in cylinder.
When engine needs deactivation mode to run, the first axle sleeve 201 is in the second position, and the second axle sleeve 202 is in the
Two positions, brake rocker arm 51C are in failure state, do not supply fuel in cylinder.
When engine needs four stroke braking mode of the first kind to run, the first axle sleeve 201 is in first position, the second axis
Set 202 is in first position, and brake rocker arm 51C is in failure state, does not supply fuel in cylinder.
When engine needs the operation of four stroke braking mode of the second class, the first axle sleeve 201 is in first position, the second axis
Set 202 is in the second position, and brake rocker arm 51C is in failure state, does not supply fuel in cylinder.
When engine needs four stroke braking mode of third class to run, the first axle sleeve 201 is in the second position, the second axis
Set 202 is in first position, and brake rocker arm 51C is in failure state, does not supply fuel in cylinder.
When engine needs the operation of four stroke braking mode of the 4th class, the first axle sleeve 201 is in first position, the second axis
Set 202 is in first position, and brake rocker arm 51C is in effective status, does not supply fuel in cylinder.
When engine needs the operation of four stroke braking mode of the 5th class, the first axle sleeve 201 is in first position, the second axis
Set 202 is in the second position, and brake rocker arm 51C is in effective status, does not supply fuel in cylinder.
When engine needs the operation of four stroke braking mode of the 6th class, the first axle sleeve 201 is in the second position, the second axis
Set 202 is in first position, and brake rocker arm 51C is in effective status, does not supply fuel in cylinder.
When engine needs two-stroke braking mode to run, the first axle sleeve 201 is in the second position, the second axle sleeve 202
In the second position, brake rocker arm 51C is in effective status, does not supply fuel in cylinder.
When engine needs four stroke emergency brake modes of the first kind to run, the first axle sleeve 201 is in first position, the
Two axle sleeves 202 are in first position, and brake rocker arm 51C is in effective status, supplies fuel in cylinder.
When engine needs the operation of four stroke emergency brake modes of the second class, the first axle sleeve 201 is in first position, the
Two axle sleeves 202 are in the second position, and brake rocker arm 51C is in effective status, supplies fuel in cylinder.
When engine needs four stroke emergency brake modes of third class to run, the first axle sleeve 201 is in the second position, the
Two axle sleeves 202 are in first position, and brake rocker arm 51C is in effective status, supplies fuel in cylinder.
When engine needs two-stroke emergency brake modes to run, the first axle sleeve 201 is in the second position, the second axle sleeve
202 are in the second position, and brake rocker arm 51C is in effective status, supplies fuel in cylinder.
Above-mentioned various drive modes can realize the output of engine different driving power.Above-mentioned various braking modes, can be real
The output of existing engine different braking power.Above-mentioned mode is chosen according to vehicle needs.
In the drive mode, fuel burning does positive work to engine, and engine output power drives wheel operation.Engine exists
Negative work is done in all kinds of four strokes emergency brake modes, burning burning before compression top center；Engine is in two-stroke emergency braking mould
Negative work is done in formula, burning burning before each top dead centre, and engine generates the slow and braking under resistance realization vehicle emergency.
Emergency brake modes of the present invention fail mainly for vehicle primary brake system, other auxiliary braking system fail or braking work
Situations such as rate is insufficient, for vehicle slowly and braking etc., guarantee vehicle safety.
Since the present invention each cylinder shaft set is individually controllable, for Multi-Cylinder Diesel Engine, all cylinders can be divided into inoperative cylinder and
Working cylinder, inoperative cylinder use deactivation mode, and working cylinder is using drive mode or braking mode, it can be achieved that grading control
Engine power output.When needing smaller power such as vehicle, i.e., engine is in underrun state, and four stroke points can be used
Grade cylinder deactivation actuation techniques use deactivation mode using a part of cylinder, other cylinders use four stroke drive modes, and stop
Cylinder rate changes with the change of engine load, can significantly reduce the oil consumption and discharge of engine.For another example a part of cylinder is adopted
With deactivation mode, other cylinders are using braking mode, it can be achieved that engine exports system according to Vehicular behavior continuously adjustablely
Dynamic power.In addition, in the braking mode, each cylinder uses identical or different braking mode.It, can also be under each braking mode
Egr system, turbo charge system, the butterfly valve being arranged on exhaust pipe etc. cooperate, and obtain different braking power, realize engine
Braking power is exported continuously adjustablely according to Vehicular behavior.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of multi-mode valve actuating mechanism, it includes exhaust valve assemblies and intake valve assembly, it is characterized in that:
First camshaft (101) drives the first axle sleeve (201) rotation by spline, and the second camshaft (102) is driven by spline
Second axle sleeve (202) rotation；
First axle sleeve (201) is provided with the first air inlet two-stroke cam (612A), four stroke cam of the first air inlet (614A), second
It is vented two-stroke cam (622B), four stroke cam of second exhaust (624B), the first switching slot (301) and the second switching slot
(302)；
Second axle sleeve (202) is provided with the second air inlet two-stroke cam (622A), four stroke cam of the second air inlet (624A), first
It is vented two-stroke cam (612B), four stroke cam of first exhaust (614B), third switching slot (303) and the 4th switching slot
(304)；
First intake rocker (51A) drives the first intake valve assembly (71A), and the second intake rocker (52A) drives the second inlet valve
Component (72A)；
Brake cam (61B) is arranged on the first axle sleeve (201) or the second axle sleeve (202), or convex first by spline setting
On wheel shaft (101) or the second camshaft (102)；
First back-moving spring (51K) drives brake rocker arm (51C) to contact with brake cam (61B)；
Brake block (51E) drives first exhaust door component (71B) or second exhaust door component (72B)；
First axle sleeve (201) and the second axle sleeve (202) all have two axial positions；
When first axle sleeve (201) is in first position, four stroke cam of the first air inlet (614A) drives the first intake rocker
(51A)；When first axle sleeve (201) is in the second position, the first air inlet two-stroke cam (612A) drives the first intake rocker
(51A)；
When second axle sleeve (202) is in first position, four stroke cam of the second air inlet (624A) drives the second intake rocker
(52A)；When second axle sleeve (202) is in the second position, the second air inlet two-stroke cam (622A) drives the second intake rocker
(52A)；
When brake block (51E) drives first exhaust door component (71B): first exhaust rocker arm (51B) passes through brake
Block (51E) drives first exhaust door component (71B), and second exhaust rocker arm (52B) drives second exhaust door component (72B)；First
When axle sleeve (201) is in first position, four stroke cam of second exhaust (624B) drives second exhaust rocker arm (52B)；First axle
When set (201) is in the second position, second exhaust two-stroke cam (622B) drives second exhaust rocker arm (52B)；Second axle sleeve
(202) when being in first position, second back-moving spring (52K) drives first exhaust rocker arm (51B) and four stroke of first exhaust convex
Take turns (614B) contact；When second axle sleeve (202) is in the second position, second back-moving spring (52K) drives first exhaust rocker arm
(51B) is contacted with first exhaust two-stroke cam (612B)；
When brake block (51E) drives second exhaust door component (72B): first exhaust rocker arm (51B) drives first exhaust
Door component (71B), second exhaust rocker arm (52B) pass through brake block (51E) driving second exhaust door component (72B)；First
When axle sleeve (201) is in first position, second back-moving spring (52K) drives second exhaust rocker arm (52B) and second exhaust four to rush
Journey cam (624B) contact；When first axle sleeve (201) is in the second position, second back-moving spring (52K) drives second exhaust to be shaken
Arm (52B) is contacted with second exhaust two-stroke cam (622B)；When second axle sleeve (202) is in first position, first exhaust four
Stroke cam (614B) drives first exhaust rocker arm (51B)；When second axle sleeve (202) is in the second position, first exhaust two is rushed
Journey cam (612B) drives first exhaust rocker arm (51B)；
There are two types of working conditions for brake rocker arm (51C) tool；
When brake rocker arm (51C) is in effective status, brake rocker arm (51C) drives brake block (51E)；
When brake rocker arm (51C) is in failure state, brake rocker arm (51C) does not drive brake block (51E)；
When first axle sleeve (201) switches from first position to the second position, the second switching mechanism (402) work；First axle sleeve
(201) when switching from the second position to first position, the first switching mechanism (401) work；Second axle sleeve (202) is from first position
When switching to the second position, third switching mechanism (403) work；Second axle sleeve (202) switches from the second position to first position
When, the work of the 4th switching mechanism (404).
2. multi-mode valve actuating mechanism according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the first switching mechanism (401), the second switching machine
Structure (402), third switching mechanism (403) and the 4th switching mechanism (404) are changeover module, and the changeover module includes at least can
Flexible pin；The retracted position of the pin is controlled by electromagnetism, hydraulic or gas.
3. multi-mode valve actuating mechanism according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the brake rocker arm (51C) includes at least lock
Fixed pattern or switch fulcrum type structure；
The locking-type brake rocker arm has the first bar, the second bar and the locking machine being arranged between the first bar and the second bar
Structure, brake cam (61B) drive the input terminal of the first bar, and the first bar output end drives the second bar input terminal, the second bar output end
It drives brake block (51E), locking mechanism has effectively and fail two states；
The switch fulcrum type brake rocker arm has rocker body and the braking fulcrum being arranged in rocker body or is arranged in fixation
Braking fulcrum on bracket；The braking fulcrum includes at least hydraulic piston type braking fulcrum or locking-type brakes fulcrum, braking
Fulcrum has effectively and fails two states.
4. multi-mode valve actuating mechanism according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: four stroke cam of the first air inlet (614A)
And/or four stroke cam of the second air inlet (624A) at least has protrusion in induction stroke；Four stroke cam of first exhaust (614B)
And/or four stroke cam of second exhaust (624B) at least has protrusion in exhaust stroke；First air inlet two-stroke cam (612A)
In the second air inlet two-stroke cam (622A), at least one cam has protrusion near air inlet-compression bottom dead center, at least
There is a cam that there is protrusion near expansion-exhaust lower dead center；First exhaust two-stroke cam (612B) and second exhaust two
In stroke cam (622B), at least one cam has protrusion near air inlet-compression bottom dead center, at least one cam exists
Expansion-exhaust lower dead center nearby has protrusion；Brake cam (61B) has protrusion in each near top dead center.
5. multi-mode valve actuating mechanism according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the firing interval when two neighboring cylinder is greater than
When the impulsive of switching slot, the axle sleeve of described two adjacent cylinders can also share switching mechanism.
6. the control method of multi-mode valve actuating mechanism described in -5 according to claim 1, it is characterized in that:
When engine needs two-stroke drive mode to run, the first axle sleeve (201) is in the second position, the second axle sleeve (202)
In the second position, brake rocker arm (51C) is in failure state, supplies fuel in cylinder；
When engine needs the operation of four stroke drive modes, the first axle sleeve (201) is in first position, the second axle sleeve (202)
In first position, brake rocker arm (51C) is in failure state, supplies fuel in cylinder；
When engine needs deactivation mode to run, the first axle sleeve (201) is in the second position, and the second axle sleeve (202) is in the
Two positions, brake rocker arm (51C) are in failure state, do not supply fuel in cylinder；
When engine needs four stroke braking mode of the first kind to run, the first axle sleeve (201) is in first position, the second axle sleeve
(202) it is in first position, brake rocker arm (51C) is in failure state, does not supply fuel in cylinder；
When engine needs the operation of four stroke braking mode of the second class, the first axle sleeve (201) is in first position, the second axle sleeve
(202) it is in the second position, brake rocker arm (51C) is in failure state, does not supply fuel in cylinder；
When engine needs four stroke braking mode of third class to run, the first axle sleeve (201) is in the second position, the second axle sleeve
(202) it is in first position, brake rocker arm (51C) is in failure state, does not supply fuel in cylinder；
When engine needs the operation of four stroke braking mode of the 4th class, the first axle sleeve (201) is in first position, the second axle sleeve
(202) it is in first position, brake rocker arm (51C) is in effective status, does not supply fuel in cylinder；
When engine needs the operation of four stroke braking mode of the 5th class, the first axle sleeve (201) is in first position, the second axle sleeve
(202) it is in the second position, brake rocker arm (51C) is in effective status, does not supply fuel in cylinder；
When engine needs the operation of four stroke braking mode of the 6th class, the first axle sleeve (201) is in the second position, the second axle sleeve
(202) it is in first position, brake rocker arm (51C) is in effective status, does not supply fuel in cylinder；
When engine needs two-stroke braking mode to run, the first axle sleeve (201) is in the second position, the second axle sleeve (202)
In the second position, brake rocker arm (51C) is in effective status, does not supply fuel in cylinder；
When engine needs four stroke emergency brake modes of the first kind to run, the first axle sleeve (201) is in first position, and second
Axle sleeve (202) is in first position, and brake rocker arm (51C) is in effective status, supplies fuel in cylinder；
When engine needs the operation of four stroke emergency brake modes of the second class, the first axle sleeve (201) is in first position, and second
Axle sleeve (202) is in the second position, and brake rocker arm (51C) is in effective status, supplies fuel in cylinder；
When engine needs four stroke emergency brake modes of third class to run, the first axle sleeve (201) is in the second position, and second
Axle sleeve (202) is in first position, and brake rocker arm (51C) is in effective status, supplies fuel in cylinder；
When engine needs two-stroke emergency brake modes to run, the first axle sleeve (201) is in the second position, the second axle sleeve
(202) it is in the second position, brake rocker arm (51C) is in effective status, supplies fuel in cylinder.
7. the control method of multi-mode valve actuating mechanism according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: for Multi-Cylinder Diesel Engine, inoperative
Cylinder uses deactivation mode, and working cylinder uses drive mode or braking mode.
8. the control method of multi-mode valve actuating mechanism according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: being braked for Multi-Cylinder Diesel Engine
Under mode, each cylinder uses identical or different braking mode.
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| CN2018115085265 | 2018-12-11 |
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