CN109488300B

CN109488300B - Cavity structure, gas fracturing device and ore mining method

Info

Publication number: CN109488300B
Application number: CN201811314296.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王斌坚
Original assignee: Nengcheng Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: Nengcheng Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2018-11-06
Filing date: 2018-11-06
Publication date: 2023-12-01
Anticipated expiration: 2038-11-06
Also published as: CN109488300A

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to ore mining, and in particular, provides a cavity structure with a gas quick release mechanism, a gas fracturing device, and an ore mining method, where the cavity structure includes a housing and a switch valve core, the switch valve core moves between an open and a closed position for a vent hole; the switch valve core is communicated with the control cavity, and high-pressure gas in the control cavity exerts acting force for driving the switch valve core to move to a closing position; a part of the cavity forms a gas storage cavity, and high-pressure gas in the gas storage cavity exerts acting force for driving the switch valve core to move to an open position; in the closed position, the component force of the high-pressure gas in the control cavity on the switch valve core along the moving direction of the switch valve core towards the closed position is larger than the component force of the high-pressure gas in the gas storage cavity on the switch valve core along the moving direction of the switch valve core towards the open position. The cavity structure provided by the disclosure utilizes the air pressure difference to control the opening and closing of the valve core, so that the response speed of the valve core is faster, and the service efficiency is higher.

Description

Cavity structure, gas fracturing device and ore mining method

Technical Field

The disclosure relates to ore mining, in particular to a cavity structure with a gas quick release mechanism, a gas fracturing device and an ore mining method.

Background

The current mining of ores mainly comprises two methods of blasting mining and non-blasting mining, wherein the blasting mining refers to the mining of stone materials by means of blasting with explosives installed in a drill hole. The blasting mining mode generates a large amount of dust and noise pollution, and damages the mountain of the mine greatly, so that a large amount of crushed aggregates are generated on the stone in the mine, and the mining rate is reduced, so that the mining of the stone by the blasting mining method is basically prohibited at present. The non-blasting exploitation comprises a mechanical cutting or burst exploitation mode, wherein the stone ore body is cut and exploited by flame cutting or rope sawing during mechanical cutting, and the method has high requirements on equipment and sites, has low exploitation efficiency and cannot cope with large-scale exploitation tasks.

The spalling mining is to mine stone by manually drilling a horizontal and vertical drill hole and inserting an expander or pressing an expanding agent, and for example, chinese patent document with publication No. CN107989616A, CN103061769B discloses a method of spalling stone by punching holes in the horizontal and vertical directions of a mineral body, inserting an expander into the holes, or injecting a high-pressure expanding agent. The method realizes static exploitation of stone, but most of expanding agents generating expansion effect are chemical agents or chemical gels, the ore is subjected to expansion effect through chemical reaction, and the expanding agents are complex to prepare, are expensive, and have certain pollution and danger. The expander has complex structure, difficult recovery and low secondary utilization rate, so that the stone expansion exploitation cost is high.

In the process of using natural resources to carry out the burst exploitation of ores, the pulse pressure of fluid needs a high-pressure range of 10-99 MPa according to the different exploited ores, so a high-pressure pulse device is needed. For example, chinese patent application publication No. CN86108271a discloses a hydraulic pulse generator that uses liquid pulses to generate high-pressure energy for ore decomposition and the like. However, this generator uses liquid, so that an accumulator must be added to ensure that the discharged liquid reaches a sufficient pressure intensity, resulting in a complicated structure of the control device and the generator itself. In addition, the quality of the liquid is far greater than that of the gas, and in ore exploitation, the difficulty of storing and secondary supplementing of the liquid is far higher than that of the gas due to the severe exploitation environment, so that the exploitation cost is increased. Meanwhile, the valve switching structure of the generator is complex, so that the response speed of the valve is low, and the stone mining efficiency is affected.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems of complex structure and slow response speed of the valve of the traditional high-pressure pulse generator, the present disclosure provides a cavity structure which uses air pressure difference to open the valve and has fast response speed.

Meanwhile, in order to solve the technical problems of chemical pollution, complex expander structure and low secondary utilization rate of the traditional expanding agent, the present disclosure provides a gas fracturing device for exploiting ores by using gas.

Furthermore, in order to solve the technical problems of pollution and high exploitation cost of the traditional spalling exploitation method, the disclosure provides an ore exploitation method for spalling exploitation of ores by utilizing gas resources.

In a first aspect, the present disclosure provides a cavity structure with a gas quick release mechanism, comprising:

the shell is of a hollow structure with a cavity inside, and the cavity is used for storing gas and is communicated with an exhaust hole; and

a switching valve core that moves between an open position and a closed position with respect to the exhaust hole;

the switch valve core is communicated with the control cavity, and high-pressure gas in the control cavity exerts acting force for driving the switch valve core to move to a closing position; at least one part of the cavity forms a gas storage cavity, and high-pressure gas in the gas storage cavity exerts acting force for driving the switch valve core to move towards an opening position; the air storage cavity and the control cavity are in airtight relation when the air is discharged;

in the closed position, the component force of the high-pressure gas in the control cavity on the switch valve core along the moving direction of the switch valve core towards the closed position is larger than the component force of the high-pressure gas in the gas storage cavity on the switch valve core along the moving direction of the switch valve core towards the open position.

And the projection of the high-pressure gas in the control cavity in the acting force direction of the switch valve core moving towards the closing position is larger than the projection of the high-pressure gas in the gas storage cavity in the acting force direction of the switch valve core moving towards the opening position.

And the single high-pressure air source supplies air to the control cavity and the air storage cavity, wherein an air inlet channel connected with the air storage cavity is provided with a one-way valve which allows air to circulate towards the air storage cavity and is blocked reversely.

The air inlet channel is arranged between the air storage cavity and the control cavity, and the check valve allows air to circulate from the control cavity towards the air storage cavity and to be blocked reversely.

The exhaust hole, the switch valve core, the air inlet channel and the control cavity are all arranged in a valve seat, a slideway which is coaxial with the exhaust hole and is used for arranging the switch valve core is formed in the valve seat, and conical surfaces which are matched with each other in a sealing way are formed on the exhaust hole towards the opening edge of the switch valve core and the switch valve core towards the end part of the exhaust hole.

The valve seat is divided into two detachable parts by taking one end of the slideway far away from the exhaust hole as a boundary, wherein the part without the slideway is provided with a bulge protruding towards the slideway at the position corresponding to the slideway, the switch valve core is provided with a groove matched with the bulge, and the bulge and the groove provide a sliding path for the switch valve core.

A part of the air inlet channel is formed in the switch valve core, and the one-way valve is arranged in the switch valve core.

The air storage cavity applies air pressure to a switch valve core slidably disposed within the valve seat through an air outlet channel formed within the valve seat.

The shell is composed of a plurality of air storage units, and each air storage unit is communicated with an air inlet channel in the switch valve core through a distribution cavity formed on the valve seat.

The shell is a tubular part, a piston is arranged in the cavity, the piston is in sliding connection with the inner wall of the cavity and divides the cavity into two independent chambers, wherein the chamber with an air inlet and an air outlet forms an air storage chamber, the chamber on the other side is an adjusting chamber, and a biasing force mechanism for applying biasing force for driving the piston to slide towards the air outlet is arranged in the adjusting chamber.

The biasing force mechanism includes an adjustment hole provided in the adjustment chamber and adapted to communicate with the adjustment air pressure, and applies a biasing force to the piston to slide toward the exhaust hole by communicating with the adjustment air pressure when deflating.

The air exhaust device is of a hollow tubular structure suitable for being matched with the drill hole, one end of the air exhaust device is communicated with the air exhaust hole, and the other end of the air exhaust device is used for being communicated with the drill hole.

The exhaust device is provided with an exhaust pipe extending into the drill hole, and a plurality of radial holes for exhausting gas are formed in the side wall of the exhaust pipe; the exhaust device is communicated with the drill hole through a radial hole, and the radial hole faces to a direction enabling an object to be cracked to be decomposed along a preset direction.

The exhaust pipe further comprises an axial sealing device arranged at the tail part, the axial sealing device comprises a plurality of sealing gaskets used for axially sealing the exhaust pipe, and an air collecting cavity positioned behind the sealing gaskets, and the air collecting cavity is provided with an air collecting hole penetrating through the cavity wall.

One end of the exhaust device, which is close to the exhaust hole, is provided with a gas-liquid mixing channel communicated with the exhaust device.

In a second aspect, the present disclosure provides a gas fracturing device comprising the cavity structure described above.

In a third aspect, the present disclosure provides an ore mining method, employing the above-described cavity structure with a gas quick release mechanism, comprising the steps of:

step one, forming a plurality of drill holes on an ore matrix, wherein a plurality of drill rods Kong Wei are arranged into a set shape for decomposing stone from the matrix;

and secondly, inputting gas into the plurality of drill holes by using the cavity structure so as to crack the stone with the set shape on the matrix.

The second step comprises:

providing an exhaust device and connecting the exhaust device with the cavity structure;

the exhaust device is inserted into a plurality of corresponding drill holes, and the cavity structure is enabled to act so as to input gas into the drill holes.

The pressure of the input gas is 10-150 MPa.

The technical scheme of the disclosure has the following beneficial effects:

1) The utility model provides a cavity structure with gaseous quick release mechanism, the inside cavity that has of casing stores gas, be equipped with the exhaust hole of intercommunication cavity, switch case intercommunication control chamber and gas storage chamber, high-pressure gas exerts the effort that moves towards closed position to switch case in the control chamber, high-pressure gas exerts the effort that moves towards open position to switch case in the gas storage chamber, switch case acts under the atmospheric pressure difference of control chamber and gas storage chamber, thereby control the opening and closing of exhaust hole, valve control simple structure, switch case's response speed is fast, under non-gassing state, high-pressure gas is greater than the effort of gas in the gas storage chamber to switch case along the direction of opening to the effort of gas in the gas storage chamber along the direction of opening in the control chamber, thereby need not to exert control to the valve when inflating, it is easy to aerify, and when transport or depositing the state, gaseous more stable in the cavity structure.

2) The cavity structure provided by the disclosure is supplied with air from a single air source to the control cavity and the air storage cavity simultaneously, so that the inflation of the cavity structure is simple and convenient, and the air inlet channel connected with the air storage cavity is provided with the one-way valve simultaneously, so that the cavity forms a stable closed state in the cavity in a non-deflation state, and the storage and transportation are convenient.

3) The utility model provides a cavity structure, the intake duct setting is between gas storage chamber and control chamber, and the check valve allows gas to circulate and reverse the shutoff from control chamber towards the gas storage intracavity, uses same intake duct to fill gas in for control chamber and the gas storage chamber simultaneously, simplifies the cavity structure.

4) The utility model provides a cavity structure, the exhaust hole, the switch case, the intake duct, and control chamber all set up on an integration disk seat, with exhaust hole, switch case, integration such as intake duct and control chamber on the disk seat, simplify spare part structure, be convenient for production and assembly, integrated disk seat is applicable to and installs at multiple high-pressure gas storage cavity structure simultaneously, disk seat internal shaping has the slide that is used for installing and adapt to the switch case, make the integrated level of gas control structure higher, be provided with the conical surface structure of mutual sealing fit in the exhaust hole on with the switch case, conical surface structure forms the gliding spacing portion of switch case, with the slip path of restriction switch case.

5) The utility model provides a cavity structure, the disk seat is with exhaust hole one end as the world, divide into two parts of detachable, two part structure assembly is in order to the disk seat shaping, wherein be provided with the protruding structure with the last recess adaptation of switch case on the disk seat, for the switch case slides in the disk seat and provides the slip path, make the switch case slide more reliable and stable, avoid taking place the card and ton, the arch sets up to the round platform shape simultaneously, when the switch valve is opened, the arch is at the in-process of inserting the recess gradually, because bellied conical surface structure, the switch valve is close to protruding bottom more, the clearance of arch and recess is less more, thereby make the gas in control chamber and the recess form the buffering to the switch case, effectively avoid switch case striking disk seat.

6) The cavity structure that this disclosure provided, the shaping of part of intake duct is on the switch case, and the check valve setting is in the switch case, with intake duct and check valve integration in the switch case, simplified disk seat structure, disk seat machine-shaping of being convenient for.

7) The utility model provides a cavity structure, the gas storage chamber is through the shaping in the disk seat the passageway of giving vent to anger with atmospheric pressure effect on the switch case, the passageway of giving vent to anger sets up on the disk seat for the pneumatic control structure all integrates on the disk seat, and the integrated level of disk seat is higher, control structure is simple.

8) The cavity structure that this disclosure provided, the casing comprises a plurality of gas storage units, each gas storage unit respectively through the distribution chamber of a shaping on the disk seat with switch case in the intake duct intercommunication, the quantity of gas storage unit has constituted the cavity structure of different capacities, the cavity structure of multiple different capacities is in order to be applicable to different operational environment, the cavity structure of this disclosure adopts a plurality of gas storage units parallelly connected simultaneously, the switching of a plurality of gas storage units is controlled simultaneously to same switch case, case response speed is fast to gas release is more quick.

9) The cavity structure that this disclosure provided is equipped with the piston in the cavity, and the piston divide into the cavity and stores up air cavity and regulation chamber, is equipped with in the regulation chamber and applys the biasing force mechanism that has the biasing force who drives the piston and slide towards the exhaust hole to the piston, at the in-process of cavity structure gassing, biasing force mechanism applys the biasing force to the piston to make the release of gas in the gas storage cavity more quick.

10 The present disclosure provides a chamber structure, the biasing force mechanism includes an adjusting hole provided in the adjusting chamber and adapted to communicate with an adjusting air pressure, and when deflating, the piston is applied with a biasing force sliding toward the exhaust hole by communicating with the adjusting air pressure, so that a gas release speed in the gas storage chamber is faster.

11 The utility model provides a cavity structure, still including exhaust apparatus, exhaust apparatus is for being suitable for the tubular structure of inserting the borer hole, and one end intercommunication exhaust hole, the other end intercommunication borer hole, exhaust apparatus cooperation inserts in the borer hole for directly release high-pressure gas in to the borer hole, thereby realize the schizolysis of ore matrix.

12 The utility model provides a cavity structure, exhaust apparatus has an blast pipe that stretches into in the borer hole, blast pipe lateral wall shaping has a plurality of radial holes that are used for exhaust gas, the exhaust hole sets up to radial hole, thereby make high-pressure gas apply the pressure that makes the ore body overcome tensile stress to the ore, make the schizolysis of ore easier, avoid high-pressure gas schizolysis in-process to take place the fly tube simultaneously, exhaust apparatus passes through radial hole and borer hole intercommunication, radial hole orientation makes the direction of waiting to split the object and decompose along preset direction, radial hole sets up to the multiple direction of equipartition, thereby adopt the exhaust hole of different directions according to the schizolysis direction of different positions in the use, exploitation efficiency is higher.

13 The utility model provides a cavity structure, blast pipe still includes the axial sealing device who sets up at the afterbody, and axial sealing device is including a plurality of sealing washer that are used for sealing the blast pipe axial and the gas collecting chamber behind the sealing washer, and the gas collecting chamber is provided with the gas collecting hole that link up the chamber wall, sets up axial sealing device and seals the axial of blast pipe, prevents that the blast pipe from producing axial thrust back in the course of the work to avoid the fly-tube phenomenon, the use is safer.

14 The utility model provides a cavity structure, exhaust apparatus are close to exhaust hole one end and are provided with the gas-liquid mixing passageway of intercommunication exhaust apparatus, in the course of working, can be according to the working requirement of different ores, mix into the liquid that satisfies the working requirement in the in-process that high-pressure gas released to the increase gets into the viscous force of fluid in the borer hole, thereby satisfies multiple exploitation requirement.

15 The utility model provides a gas fracturing device, including foretell cavity structure, utilize high-pressure gas to lead to splitting to the ore and adopt, avoid chemical pollution, gas transportation and secondary are supplementary convenient simultaneously to reduce exploitation cost, fracturing device itself simple structure, control is convenient, and valve response speed is faster, thereby improves exploitation efficiency.

16 The ore exploitation method provided by the disclosure adopts the gas fracturing device to exploit the ore, so that chemical pollution is avoided, exploitation cost is reduced, and exploitation efficiency is improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or the prior art, the drawings that are required in the detailed description or the prior art will be briefly described, it will be apparent that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present disclosure, and other drawings may be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person of ordinary skill in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a cavity structure with a gas quick release mechanism in accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of the valve seat position of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a valve seat in an embodiment according to the present disclosure;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a cavity structure according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of the valve seat position of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged schematic view of the exhaust apparatus of FIG. 4;

fig. 7 is a schematic view of an exhaust apparatus according to still another embodiment of the present disclosure.

Reference numerals illustrate:

1-a housing; 11-a control chamber; 12-an air storage cavity; 13-a conditioning chamber; 14-a gas storage unit; 2-a switch valve core; 21-grooves; 3-exhaust holes; 41-an air inlet channel; 42-a one-way valve; 43-air inlet; 5-valve seat; 51-a slideway; 52-conical surface; 53-bump; 54-outlet channels; 6-a piston; 7-an exhaust device; 71-exhaust pipe; 72-radial holes; 73-axial sealing means; 74-a sealing gasket; 75-an air collection cavity; 76-air collecting holes; 8-a gas-liquid mixing channel.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The cavity structure with the gas quick release mechanism can be used in a fracturing device for performing fracturing decomposition on an ore body or an ore matrix, and it is required to say that the rock-series hard and brittle material has the obvious characteristic that the tensile strength is far smaller than the compressive strength.

Fig. 1 and 2 show a specific embodiment of a cavity structure with a gas quick release mechanism according to the present disclosure, where the cavity structure includes a housing 1, a switch valve core 2, a control cavity 11, and a gas storage cavity 12. The casing 1 is as the pressure vessel of inside storage gas, and it sets up to hollow cavity structure, and the one end of casing 1 has spacedly, and the disk seat 5 is installed to spacedly in the mouth reason, and the disk seat 5 inside has the exhaust hole 3 of intercommunication cavity for the gaseous accessible exhaust hole 3 in the cavity is discharged. The inside of the valve seat 5 is also provided with a switch valve core 2, the switch valve core 2 is a sealing sliding piece similar to a piston 6, the switch valve core 2 can slide in a slideway 51 formed in the valve seat 5, wherein a valve seat body forms an upper limit part for sliding the switch valve core 2, a lower limit part for sliding the switch valve core 2 is formed by a conical surface 52 sealing structure formed on the inner wall of the slideway 51 of the valve seat 5, the lower end surface of the switch valve core 2 is provided with a conical surface sealing structure matched with the conical surface 52 on the slideway 51, when the two conical surface structures are mutually abutted, the switch valve core 2 is in a closed position, a part of the slideway 51 positioned on the lower end surface of the switch valve core 2 forms the exhaust hole 3, and the switch valve core 2 slides in the slideway 51 so as to control the opening or closing of the exhaust hole 3.

As shown in fig. 1, a space above a valve seat 5 in a casing 1 forms a gas storage cavity 12, the gas storage cavity 12 is used for storing high-pressure gas, and the high-pressure gas in the gas storage cavity 12 applies pressure for driving the switch valve core 2 to move towards an opening direction through a gas outlet channel 54 formed in the valve seat 5 to the switch valve core 2, namely, the switch valve core 2 is driven to slide upwards in the illustration; and the interior of the valve seat 5 is also formed with a control cavity 11, when the control cavity 11 is filled with gas, the gas pressure in the control cavity 11 applies pressure to the switch valve core 2 to drive the switch valve core 2 to move towards the closing direction, namely, the switch valve core 2 is driven to slide downwards in the drawing.

As shown in fig. 2, the valve seat 5 is internally formed with an air inlet 41, the air inlet 41 is at least in a three-way structure, one end of the air inlet 41 is an air inlet 43, and the other two ends are respectively communicated with the control cavity 11 and the air storage cavity 12, wherein a one-way valve 42 is arranged in an air passage of the air inlet 41, which is communicated with one end of the air storage cavity 12, the one-way valve 42 allows air to enter the air storage cavity 12 from the air inlet 41 and is reversely blocked, the one-way valve 42 is in a valve body structure sold in the prior art, for example, in the embodiment, the one-way valve 42 is a biasing one-way valve 42 with a biasing spring. The air in the air inlet channel 41 is filled by an external air source through the air inlet 43, a part of the air entering the air inlet channel 41 enters the control cavity 11, the air entering the control cavity 11 exerts a force on the switch valve core 2 which moves towards the closing direction, so that the switch valve core 2 is in a closing state, the other part of the air entering the air inlet channel 41 enters the air storage cavity 12 through the one-way valve 42 for storage, and when the switch valve core 2 is in the closing position, the projection of the high-pressure air in the control cavity 11 in the acting force direction of the switch valve core 2 moving towards the closing position is larger than the projection of the high-pressure air in the air storage cavity 12 in the acting force direction of the switch valve core 2 moving towards the opening position.

Specifically, when the single high-pressure air source is filled with air through the air inlet channel 41, the air firstly enters the control cavity 11 to drive the switch valve core 2 to be closed due to a certain biasing force of the check valve 42 until the air pressure in the air inlet channel 41 is enough to overcome the biasing force of the biasing check valve 42, the air further pushes the check valve 42 open to enter the air storage cavity 12 for storage, and a closed air storage space is formed in the air storage cavity 12 until the air filling is completed due to the fact that the switch valve core 2 is in a closed state. After the gas filling is completed, the gas inlet 43 is closed by a pneumatic valve or solenoid valve (not shown in the drawings). At this time, the acting force of the high-pressure gas in the gas storage cavity 12 on the switch valve core 2 through the gas outlet channel 54 is located on the conical surface structure of the switch valve core 2, the acting force of the high-pressure gas in the control cavity 11 on the switch valve core 2 is located on the upper end surface of the switch valve core 2, the projection of the stressed area of the conical surface structure in the horizontal direction is far smaller than the stressed area of the upper end surface of the switch valve core 2, namely, the pressure for driving the switch valve core 2 to move towards the closing direction is greater than the pressure for driving the switch valve core 2 to move towards the opening direction, so that in the non-gassing state, the cavity structure is in a stable sealing state, and the transportation and the preservation of the cavity structure are facilitated.

It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 2, the air inlet channel 41 formed in the valve seat 5 has a four-way structure, and besides the three air channels, there is one air channel that communicates with the air storage chamber 12 toward the right side of the valve seat 5, so as to facilitate the processing and forming of the air inlet channel 41 in the valve seat 5, and thus the processing cost of the valve seat 5 can be reduced, while in the above embodiment, the air channel that communicates with the air storage chamber 12 toward the right side can be sealed by bolts or other sealing members, so that the air inlet channel 41 forms a three-way structure. As shown in fig. 2, a plurality of air outlet passages 54 (only two are shown) are circumferentially and uniformly formed in the side wall of the valve seat 5, and the air inlet passage 41 and the air outlet passages 54 are independently and non-communicated with each other and are formed in the valve seat 5, so that ambiguity of the drawings is not avoided. As shown in fig. 2, when the switch valve element 2 is in the closed position, the tapered surface structure of the edge portion of the lower end surface of the switch valve element 2 is in sealing engagement with the stopper portion of the slide 51, a part of the tapered surface structure on the switch valve element 2 is located in the gas outlet passage 54, and the high-pressure gas in the gas outlet passage 54 acts on the tapered surface structure, so that a pressure perpendicular to the tapered surface is generated on the switch valve element 2, and the gas outlet passages 54 uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction face the opening direction of the switch valve element 2 in the resultant force direction of the switch valve element 2, so that a force for opening the switch valve element 2 is generated. Finally, for the control valve that controls closing and opening of air inlet 43, pneumatic control valve or solenoid valve among the prior art etc. pneumatic control element control can be adopted, control valve can directly set up in air inlet 43's port department, also can set up on the air pipe way of connecting air inlet 43 to make things convenient for operating personnel to control the operation outside the borer hole, to the control of air inlet valve to air inlet 43 all adopt prior art can, this disclosure is not repeated here.

In this embodiment, exhaust hole 3, switch case 2, intake duct 41, control chamber 11 and air outlet channel 54 all set up in one in the disk seat 5, set up the pneumatic control part of this public cavity structure into an independent small-size valve body structure, can be convenient for the processing manufacturing of valve body, reduce the implementation cost of cavity structure, make the cavity structure of valve body adaptable multiple simultaneously, it is less to the requirement of casing 1 for the cavity structure of this disclosure can directly repacking on current most pressure vessel, reduce manufacturing cost. Meanwhile, as shown in fig. 2, mounting holes of bolts are arranged at the positions of the outlets of the air inlet channel 41, the air inlet channel 41 can be sealed through the bolts, the air inlet channel 41 is prevented from being blocked, and the valve body is convenient to store.

As shown in fig. 3, in this embodiment, the valve seat 5 is divided into two detachable parts, namely an upper part and a lower part, which are shown in the figure, by using one end of the slide way 51 far away from the exhaust hole 3 as a boundary, the two parts are fastened and connected through bolts to form the valve seat 5 with air tightness, wherein the upper part structure is provided with a protrusion 53 protruding towards the inside of the slide way 51 at a position corresponding to the slide way 51, the switch valve core 2 is provided with a groove 21 matched with the protrusion 53, and in the process of the slide way 51 of the switch valve core 2, the protrusion 53 and the groove 21 are matched to provide a sliding path for the switch valve core 2, so that the switch valve core 2 slides more smoothly, and clamping is avoided. Meanwhile, the boss 53 is in a truncated cone shape, the diameter of the cross section of the boss 53 is gradually reduced in the direction from the bottom to the end, when the switch valve core 2 is opened, the gap between the boss 53 and the groove 21 is larger because the diameter of the end of the boss 53 is smaller in the sliding process of the groove 21, so that gas in the control cavity 11 is rapidly discharged through the gap and then through the air inlet channel 41, when the switch valve core 2 continues to slide in the opening direction, the gap between the boss 53 and the groove 21 is reduced because the diameter of the boss 53 is enlarged, so that the gas in the control cavity 11 cannot be discharged, a gas buffer layer is formed on the upper end surface of the switch valve core 2, and the switch valve core 2 is effectively prevented from being impacted on the valve seat 5.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a piston 6 is provided in the cavity of the housing 1, the piston 6 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the cavity and divides the cavity into two independent chambers, wherein the chamber on one side where the valve body is mounted forms a gas storage chamber 12 for storing high-pressure working gas, and the other side is an adjustment chamber 13, and a biasing force mechanism for applying a biasing force to the piston 6 to urge the piston 6 to slide toward the exhaust hole 3 is provided in the adjustment chamber 13. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the biasing force mechanism includes the regulation hole provided in the regulation chamber 13, and at the time of the gas release, the regulation hole communicates with the regulation gas pressure to apply the biasing force that the piston 6 slides toward the gas release hole 3, so that when the gas in the chamber is released to a certain extent, the pressure is reduced, the piston 6 applies the pressure to the gas in the chamber, so that the gas satisfies the operation requirement.

The specific structure of the cavity structure in this embodiment is described above, and the cavity structure in this embodiment may be used in a small and medium-sized ore mining fracturing device, and when the cavity structure is used as a fracturing device, the exhaust hole 3 communicates with the drill hole on the ore through the air pipe, so that the high-pressure gas in the cavity structure is released into the drill hole to achieve the cracking of the ore, and the working principle of the cavity structure in this embodiment will be described below with reference to the above structure.

During inflation, a high-pressure air source charges air into the air inlet channel 41 through the air inlet 43, a part of air entering the air inlet channel 41 enters the control cavity 11, and the air pressure in the control cavity 11 pushes the switch valve core 2 to move towards the closing position until the conical surface structure of the switch valve core 2 is abutted with the lower limit part of the valve seat 5, so that the air exhaust hole 3 is in a closing state; when the pressure of the gas charged into the control chamber 11 is sufficient to overcome the elastic force of the biasing spring of the check valve 42 in the intake duct 41, the check valve 42 is opened and the other part of the gas entering the intake duct 41 enters the gas storage chamber 12 for storage until the pressure of the gas in the control chamber 11 and the gas storage chamber 12 reaches a predetermined pressure value, and the intake port 43 is closed by one of the control valves associated with the intake port 43.

In the gas storage state, due to the action of the check valve 42 and the switch valve core 2, the gas storage cavity 12 and the gas outlet channel 54 form a closed cavity to store working gas, and the gas inlet channel 41 and the control cavity 11 form a closed cavity. Meanwhile, the projection of the stress area of the high-pressure gas of the gas outlet channel 54 acting on the switch valve core 2 in the horizontal direction is smaller than the stress area of the high-pressure gas in the control cavity 11 on the switch valve core 2, so that the control switch valve is abutted against the lower limit part to close the exhaust hole 3.

When the cavity structure is used for deflating, the control valve is controlled to open the air inlet 43, so that high-pressure air in the air inlet channel 41 and the control cavity 11 is discharged, at the moment, the high-pressure air in the air storage cavity 12 and the air outlet channel 54 pushes the switch valve core 2 to slide towards the opening position, the high-pressure air in the air storage cavity 12 is discharged through the air outlet hole 3, then the high-pressure air can enter the drill hole through the subsequent connecting air pipe to realize air pressure fracturing, when the air in the cavity releases to a certain extent, and when the pressure is reduced, the adjusting mechanism applies pressure to the piston 6 to further generate pressure to the air in the air storage cavity 12, so that the air meets the working requirement. The switch valve core 2 is opened and closed under the air pressure difference of the air in the air storage cavity 12 and the control cavity 11, the response speed of the switch valve is faster, and the air release is faster.

Fig. 4 and 5 show a second specific embodiment of a cavity structure with a gas quick release mechanism provided according to the present disclosure, and the basic principle of this embodiment is the same as that of the foregoing embodiment, so that details of the structure and principle are not repeated in the present disclosure for the same and applicable parts, but it should be understood that this embodiment is fully disclosed.

In the present embodiment, the housing 1 is configured by a plurality of gas storage units 14, and the plurality of gas storage units 14 are uniformly arranged in the outer housing 1, and only one gas storage unit 14 is shown in fig. 4 for convenience of description of the present embodiment. As shown in fig. 5, the bottoms of the plurality of gas storage units 14 may be mounted on a base by bolts, and the base is formed with a gas outlet channel 54 therein, and the plurality of gas storage units 14 are all connected to the gas outlet channel 54. It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, the gas storage unit 14 has only one gas channel, so the gas outlet channel 54 is also used as a gas inlet channel during inflation, and for convenience of description, the gas outlet channel 54 is unified herein, and should not be interpreted in a limited sense.

The valve seat 5 is arranged in the middle of the base, a distribution cavity communicated with the air outlet channel 54 is formed on the valve seat 5, the air inlet 41 and the air inlet 43 are arranged above the valve seat 5, and the air inlet 43 is connected with an external air source so as to charge the air storage unit 14. The switch valve core 2 is installed in the valve seat 5, the bottom of the switch valve is formed with a conical surface structure which is the same as the principle, a part of the air inlet channel 41 is formed in the switch valve core 2 at the position of the conical surface structure, each air storage unit 14 is communicated with the air inlet channel 41 in the switch valve core 2 through the air outlet channel 54 and the distribution cavity formed on the valve seat 5, and the one-way valve 42 is arranged in the air inlet channel 41 in the switch valve core 2, so that the air is allowed to circulate from the direction towards the air storage units 14 and is blocked reversely.

As shown in fig. 5, in the present embodiment, the air inlet 43 forms the control chamber 11 with the upper end surface of the switch valve core 2, the air storage unit 14, the air outlet channel 54 and the switch valve core 2 form the air storage chamber 12, the high-pressure air source is filled with high-pressure air from the air inlet channel 41, the air enters the control chamber 11, and the air in the control chamber 11 pushes the switch valve core 2 to move to the closed position due to a certain biasing force of the one-way valve 42 of the biasing spring until the air outlet hole 3 is closed when the conical surface structure of the switch valve core 2 abuts against the lower limit part in the slideway 51, and when the air pressure in the control chamber 11 is enough to overcome the biasing force of the biasing spring, the air pushes the one-way valve 42 to enter each air storage unit 14 through a part of the air inlet channel 41 formed in the switch valve core 2, the distribution chamber formed on the valve seat 5 and the air outlet channel 54 for storage. The control valve may be the same as the above embodiment by closing the gas inlet 43 through one of the control valves associated with the gas inlet 43 until the gas pressure in the gas storage unit 14 reaches a predetermined pressure value. So that the air inlet channel 41 forms a closed high-pressure gas chamber, i.e. the control chamber 11, with the chamber in the valve seat 5 at the upper end face of the switch valve core 2, and the corresponding air storage unit 14, air outlet channel 54 and distribution chamber form a further closed high-pressure gas chamber, i.e. the air storage chamber 12. Because the control cavity 11 and the gas storage cavity 12 are inflated by adopting the same high-pressure gas source, and the force bearing area of the high-pressure gas in the gas storage cavity 12 to the acting force of the switch valve core 2 is smaller than the force bearing area of the high-pressure gas in the control cavity 11 to the acting force of the switch valve core 2, the resultant force direction of the switch valve core 2 faces to the closing direction, and therefore the switch valve core 2 is kept in a abutting state with the lower limiting part, and the exhaust hole 3 is closed.

When the cavity structure of the present embodiment is used for deflation, the control valve is controlled to open the air inlet 43, so that the high-pressure air in the air inlet 41 and the control cavity 11 is discharged, and at this time, the high-pressure air in the air storage cavity 12 pushes the switch valve core 2 to slide to the open position, so as to open the air outlet 3, and the high-pressure air is rapidly discharged through the air outlet 3.

In this embodiment, since the high-pressure gas is stored in the plurality of gas storage units 14, the high-capacity storage of the high-pressure gas is realized while the production, i.e., transportation, requirement for the cavity is reduced, and the cavity structure in this embodiment can be used for a large-scale ore mining fracturing device, and when the high-pressure gas is used as a gas fracturing device, the present disclosure also provides the adaptive exhaust device 7.

As shown in fig. 4 and 6, in the present embodiment, the cavity structure further includes an exhaust device 7, the housing 1 of the exhaust device 7 is configured as a hollow tubular structure adapted to cooperate with the drill hole, one end of the exhaust device 7 is mounted on the base by a bolt, the interior of the exhaust device is communicated with the exhaust hole 3, the other end of the exhaust device is provided with an exhaust pipe 71 inserted into the drill hole, and the radial dimension of the exhaust pipe 71 can be set to various different specifications according to the working requirements so as to be adaptively inserted into the drill hole formed on the ore substrate.

As shown in fig. 6, a plurality of radial holes 72 for exhausting gas are formed in the side wall of the exhaust pipe 71, and high-pressure gas in the cavity enters the exhaust device 7 through the exhaust hole 3 and is exhausted through the radial holes 72 through the exhaust pipe 71. The radial holes 72 enable the fracturing device to apply gas pressure to the ore in the drill holes to enable the ore body to overcome tensile stress, so that the ore is easier to crack, and meanwhile, the phenomenon that the flying tube occurs due to axial reverse thrust generated in the high-pressure gas expansion cracking process is avoided, so that the mining process is safer. As for the arrangement of the radial holes 72, various arrangements that facilitate the decomposition of the ore to be fractured in a predetermined direction may be provided, for example, a circumferentially uniform step, or a semi-circumferential arrangement, or an opposite arrangement on both sides of the exhaust pipe 71, or the like.

In order to facilitate the molding of the exhaust pipe 71 and prevent the axial leakage of the gas in the exhaust pipe 71, an axial sealing device 73 is arranged at the tail part of the exhaust pipe 71, the axial sealing device 73 comprises a plurality of sealing gaskets 74 which are arranged in a superimposed manner to axially seal the gas entering the gas inlet pipe, an end gas collecting cavity 75 is arranged behind the sealing gaskets 74, and the gas collecting cavity 75 is provided with a gas collecting hole 76 which radially penetrates through the cavity wall, so that the gas enters the gas collecting cavity 75 and is radially discharged through the gas collecting hole 76 when the sealing gaskets 74 leak, and further the occurrence of a fly pipe caused by the axial reverse thrust is prevented, so that the exploitation process is safer.

As shown in fig. 4, in the present embodiment, the end of the exhaust device 7 near the exhaust hole 3 is further provided with a gas-liquid mixing channel 8, and liquid or fluid can be input into the exhaust device 7 during the exhaust process by an external pressure source, and because the viscosity force of the liquid is far greater than that of the gas, a sufficient expansion force is more easily generated in the drill hole, so that the mining efficiency of the ore is higher. The gas-liquid mixing channel 8 can be realized as a valve pipeline installed on the exhaust device 7, and can be realized through a valve body in the prior art, and the disclosure is not repeated.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the boss 53 is provided at the position of the air inlet 43, a part of the air inlet 41 is formed inside the boss 53 structure, the inside of the switch valve core 2 is not provided with the groove 21 adapted to the boss 53 structure, the groove 21 simultaneously forms an air passage communicating with the air inlet 41 inside the switch valve core 2, and the check valve 42 is provided inside the air inlet 41 inside the switch valve core 2.

In the cavity structure in the above embodiment, the pressure of the high-pressure gas in the gas storage cavity 12 is 5-200 Mpa according to the site requirement of the construction site, so as to meet the mining requirements of different ores.

It should be noted that, the cavity structure provided in the present disclosure may have other alternative embodiments based on the foregoing embodiments.

For example, in some alternative embodiments, as shown in fig. 7, the exhaust device 7 is connected with the exhaust hole 3 of the cavity structure through a flexible air pipe, and the exhaust pipe 71 is connected to the other end of the air pipe, so that the use and arrangement of the exhaust pipe 71 are more flexible and convenient.

In other alternative embodiments, the difference from the above embodiments is that the manner of the biasing force mechanism in the adjustment chamber 13 is different, for example, the biasing force mechanism is set as an elastic component that drives the piston 6 to slide in the chamber by elastic force, when the gas storage chamber 12 is filled with gas, the gas in the gas storage chamber 12 pushes the piston 6 to compress the elastic component, so that during the deflation process, the elastic component pushes the piston 6 to move, and the gas in the gas storage chamber 12 is exhausted faster.

In still other alternative embodiments, the difference from the first embodiment is that the gas storage chamber 12 and the control chamber 11 are supplied with gas by two independent gas sources, respectively, so that the sliding of the control switch valve 2 can be satisfied only by the gas pressure difference in the gas storage chamber 12 and the control chamber 11 without depending on the contact area between the two ends and the gas. In this embodiment, the control chamber 11 is first filled with gas, so that the switch valve core 2 moves to a position for closing the exhaust hole 3, then gas is input into the gas storage chamber 12 through the air inlet channel 41, and the pressure of the gas provided to the switch valve core 2 in the control chamber 11 is always kept greater than the pressure provided by the gas storage chamber 12 in the input process until the air pressure in the gas storage chamber 12 reaches the predetermined value, and the deflation process in this embodiment is the same as the above and will not be repeated.

In a second aspect, the present disclosure provides a gas fracturing device for ore mining, where the device adopts the cavity structure with the gas quick release mechanism, and the use principle of the fracturing device is the same as that described above, and is not repeated here.

In a third aspect, the present disclosure provides a method of ore mining utilizing the above-described cavity structure with a gas quick release mechanism, the method comprising the steps of:

Wherein, step two still includes:

providing an exhaust device 7 and being connected to the cavity structure;

the exhaust device 7 is inserted into a plurality of corresponding drill holes, and the cavity structure is enabled to act so as to input gas into the drill holes.

Specifically, the ore mining method provided by the disclosure can utilize the existing machinery to open a plurality of drill holes in the horizontal or vertical direction of the ore body when mining the ore, so that the drill Kong Wei is set to be in a preset shape for decomposing the stone to be mined from the ore matrix. Providing an exhaust device 7, mounting the exhaust device 7 on a cavity structure through a hose or fixedly connecting, and respectively inserting the exhaust device 7 into corresponding drill holes; the control valve is opened, the pressure in the control cavity 11 is reduced to the ambient air pressure through the air inlet 43, so that the switch valve slides under the air pressure in the air storage cavity 12 to open the air outlet 3, the air in the air storage cavity 12 is punched out, and the impact fracturing air pressure is formed in the drill hole, so that the stone with the preset shape is cracked out from the ore matrix.

It is apparent that the above examples are given by way of illustration only and are not limiting of the embodiments. Other variations or modifications of the above teachings will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. While obvious variations or modifications are contemplated as falling within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A cavity structure with a gas quick release mechanism, comprising:

the shell (1) is of a hollow structure with a cavity inside, and the cavity is used for storing gas and is communicated with an exhaust hole (3); and

a switch valve element (2) that moves between an open position and a closed position with respect to the exhaust hole (3);

it is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,

the switch valve core (2) is communicated with the control cavity (11), and high-pressure gas in the control cavity (11) exerts acting force for driving the switch valve core (2) to move towards a closing position; at least one part of the cavity forms a gas storage cavity (12), and the high-pressure gas in the gas storage cavity (12) exerts acting force for driving the switch valve core (2) to move towards an opening position; the gas storage cavity (12) and the control cavity (11) are in airtight relation when the gas is discharged;

In the closed position, the component force of the high-pressure gas in the control cavity (11) on the switch valve core (2) along the moving direction towards the closed position is larger than the component force of the high-pressure gas in the gas storage cavity (12) on the switch valve core (2) along the moving direction towards the open position.

2. The cavity structure according to claim 1, wherein,

and the control cavity (11) and the gas storage cavity (12) are filled with isobaric high-pressure gas, and in a closed position, the projection of the high-pressure gas in the control cavity (11) in the acting force direction of the acting area of the switch valve core (2) moving towards the closed position is larger than the projection of the high-pressure gas in the gas storage cavity (12) in the acting force direction of the acting area of the switch valve core (2) moving towards the open position.

3. The cavity structure according to claim 2, wherein,

and a single high-pressure air source supplies air to the control cavity (11) and the air storage cavity (12), wherein an air inlet channel (41) connected with the air storage cavity (12) is provided with a one-way valve (42) which allows air to circulate towards the inside of the air storage cavity (12) and is blocked reversely.

4. The cavity structure according to claim 3, wherein,

the air inlet channel (41) is arranged between the Chu Qiqiang (12) and the control cavity (11), and the one-way valve (42) allows air to circulate from the control cavity (11) towards the air storage cavity (12) and is blocked reversely.

5. The cavity structure according to claim 4, wherein,

the valve seat is characterized in that the exhaust hole (3), the switch valve core (2), the air inlet channel (41) and the control cavity (11) are all arranged in a valve seat (5), a slide way (51) which is coaxial with the exhaust hole (3) and used for arranging the switch valve core (2) is formed in the valve seat (5), the exhaust hole (3) faces towards the opening edge of the switch valve core (2) and the switch valve core (2) faces towards the end part of the exhaust hole (3), and conical surfaces (52) which are in sealing fit with each other are formed in the end part of the exhaust hole (3).

6. The cavity structure according to claim 5, wherein,

the valve seat (5) is divided into two parts which are detachable by taking one end of the slideway away from the exhaust hole (3) as a boundary, wherein the part which does not have the slideway (51) is provided with a bulge (53) which protrudes towards the slideway (51) at the position corresponding to the slideway (51), the switch valve core (2) is provided with a groove (21) which is matched with the bulge (53), the bulge (53) is of a circular truncated cone structure with the cross section size diameter gradually reduced along the direction from the bottom to the end, and the bulge (53) and the groove (21) provide a sliding path for the switch valve core (2).

7. The cavity structure according to claim 5 or 6, wherein,

A part of the air inlet channel (41) is formed in the switch valve core (2), and the one-way valve (42) is arranged in the switch valve core (2).

8. The cavity structure according to claim 5 or 6, wherein,

the gas storage cavity (12) applies air pressure to the switch valve core (2) slidingly arranged in the valve seat (5) through an air outlet channel (54) formed in the valve seat (5).

9. The cavity structure according to claim 7, wherein,

the housing (1) is formed by a plurality of air storage units (14), and each air storage unit (14) is communicated with the air inlet channel (41) in the switch valve core (2) through a distribution cavity formed on the valve seat (5).

10. The cavity structure according to any of the claims 3 to 6 or 9, characterized in that,

the shell (1) is a tubular part, a piston (6) is arranged in the cavity, the piston (6) is in sliding connection with the inner wall of the cavity and divides the cavity into two independent cavities, the cavity with the air inlet channel (41) and one side of the air exhaust hole (3) forms the air storage cavity (12), the cavity on the other side is an adjusting cavity (13), and a biasing force mechanism for applying biasing force for driving the piston (6) to slide towards the air exhaust hole (3) is arranged in the adjusting cavity (13).

11. The cavity structure according to claim 10, wherein,

the biasing force mechanism comprises an adjusting hole which is arranged in the adjusting cavity (13) and is suitable for communicating with the adjusting air pressure, and the piston (6) is exerted with a biasing force sliding towards the exhaust hole (3) through communicating with the adjusting air pressure when the air is discharged.

12. The cavity structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6 or 9, wherein,

the novel gas-discharging device is characterized by further comprising a gas-discharging device (7), wherein the gas-discharging device (7) is of a hollow tubular structure suitable for being matched with a drill hole, one end of the gas-discharging device is communicated with the gas-discharging hole (3), and the other end of the gas-discharging device is used for being communicated with the drill hole.

13. The cavity structure according to claim 12, wherein,

the exhaust device (7) is provided with an exhaust pipe (71) extending into the drill hole, and a plurality of radial holes (72) for exhausting gas are formed in the side wall of the exhaust pipe (71); the exhaust device (7) is communicated with the drill hole through the radial hole (72), and the radial hole (72) faces to a direction for decomposing an object to be cracked along a preset direction.

14. The cavity structure according to claim 13, wherein,

the exhaust pipe (71) further comprises an axial sealing device (73) arranged at the tail part, the axial sealing device (73) comprises a plurality of sealing gaskets (74) used for axially sealing the exhaust pipe (71), and an air collection cavity (75) positioned behind the sealing gaskets (74), and the air collection cavity is provided with an air collection hole (76) penetrating through the cavity wall.

15. The cavity structure according to claim 12, wherein,

one end of the exhaust device (7) close to the exhaust hole (71) is provided with a gas-liquid mixing channel (8) communicated with the exhaust device (7).

16. A gas fracturing device comprising a cavity structure according to any of claims 1 to 15.

17. A method of ore mining employing the chamber structure with gas quick release mechanism of any one of claims 1 to 15, comprising the steps of:

step one, forming a plurality of drill holes on an ore matrix, wherein the drill holes Kong Wei are formed into a set shape for decomposing stone from the matrix;

18. The ore mining method of claim 17, wherein step two includes:

providing an exhaust device and being connected to the cavity structure;

and inserting the exhaust device into the corresponding drill holes, and enabling the cavity structure to act so as to input gas into the drill holes.

19. The ore mining method according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that,

The pressure of the input gas is 5-200 MPa.