CN109487826A - Underground pipe gallery bellows and underground pipe gallery - Google Patents
Underground pipe gallery bellows and underground pipe gallery Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109487826A CN109487826A CN201811617581.8A CN201811617581A CN109487826A CN 109487826 A CN109487826 A CN 109487826A CN 201811617581 A CN201811617581 A CN 201811617581A CN 109487826 A CN109487826 A CN 109487826A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- parts
- underground pipe
- bellows
- pipe gallery
- layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/10—Tunnels or galleries specially adapted to house conduits, e.g. oil pipe-lines, sewer pipes ; Making conduits in situ, e.g. of concrete ; Casings, i.e. manhole shafts, access or inspection chambers or coverings of boreholes or narrow wells
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
- C04B26/02—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B26/10—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B26/12—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones
- C04B26/122—Phenol-formaldehyde condensation polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
- C04B26/02—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B26/10—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B26/16—Polyurethanes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B30/00—Compositions for artificial stone, not containing binders
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/27—Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/28—Fire resistance, i.e. materials resistant to accidental fires or high temperatures
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of underground pipe gallery bellowss, including bellows main body, and the ripple interface tube positioned at bellows main body both ends, bellows main body includes ripple tube wall, successively layer is equipped with zinc coat, fireproof thermal-insulation layer, anti-corrosion waterproof layer and wear-resistant protecting layer to the inner wall of ripple tube wall from inside to outside, and successively layer is equipped with zinc coat and anti-corrosion waterproof layer to the outer wall of ripple tube wall from inside to outside；Ripple interface tube includes interface tube wall, and successively layer is equipped with zinc coat and anti-corrosion waterproof layer to the outer wall of interface tube wall from inside to outside；The invention also discloses a kind of underground pipe galleries, wherein containing multiple sequentially connected underground pipe gallery bellowss.Bellows structure of the present invention is simple, easy to use, especially suitable for underground pipe gallery environment, has good anticorrosion antiwear and waterproof fireproofing performance, the service life and security performance of bellows are substantially increased when using in underground pipe gallery environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of bellowss, and in particular to a kind of underground pipe gallery bellows and underground pipe gallery.
Background technique
Underground pipe gallery is construction in Urban Underground, for concentrate laying electric power, natural gas, communication, radio and television,
A kind of modernization that the two or more pipeline concentrated setting such as water supply, draining is formed to the road same underground space below,
Scientific, intensive urban infrastructure.Underground pipe gallery solves maintenance, the expansion of all kinds of pipelines during urban development
The problem of " zipper road " caused by appearance and aerial " cobweb ", creates city harmony ecological environment to city pan-image is promoted
Play the role of actively promoting.Underground pipe gallery has become the hot spot of 21 century urban modernization construction and measures urban construction
One of mark of modernization level.
The pipeline of a large amount of risk is contained in underground pipe gallery, enters corridor two kinds of danger of meeting such as gas pipeline:
One is the toxic gases of fuel gas pipeline leakage evolution, can cause damages to the inspection service personnel in pipe gallery, in generation
Malicious phenomenon；Another kind harm, when the volume that fuel gas mixes with air reaches a certain level, when encountering open fire or electric spark,
Can catch fire sets off an explosion, and causes damages to pipe gallery ontology and its other internal pipeline.In addition the dirt in sewage conduct
The a large amount of inorganic salts or with stronger acids alkalinity are caused to other pipelines a possibility that corroding that water carries；It generates and detests in sewage conduct
The case where oxygen digestive environments, a large amount of methane, hydrogen sulfide and ammonia, is also generally existing, may cause fire and explosive risks or to patrolman
Poisoning harm etc. is caused, therefore the construction of underground pipe gallery necessarily proposes that higher performance is wanted to the pipeline wherein passed through
It asks.
Bellows can be used as compensating element, sealing element, pipeline connecting parts etc. and apply in power industry, communications and transportation etc.
Multiple industries, the bellows by preservative treatment can be applied well in underground pipe gallery, but current ripple
Pipe fire prevention, waterproof, in terms of have the defects that it is certain, it is difficult to adapt to comprehensive use demand.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of ground that applicability is good, highly-safe is provided
Lower pipe gallery bellows.
A kind of underground pipe gallery bellows, including bellows main body, and the ripple positioned at bellows main body both ends
Interface tube, bellows main body include ripple tube wall, the inner wall of ripple tube wall from inside to outside successively layer be equipped with equipped with zinc coat,
Fireproof thermal-insulation layer, anti-corrosion waterproof layer and wear-resistant protecting layer, the outer wall of ripple tube wall from inside to outside successively layer be equipped with zinc coat with
Anti-corrosion waterproof layer；Ripple interface tube includes interface tube wall, and successively layer is equipped with zinc coat and prevents the outer wall of interface tube wall from inside to outside
Rotten waterproof layer.
It is further described as to above-mentioned technical proposal:
The fireproof thermal-insulation layer includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 1-10 parts of organic additive, 10-50 parts of perlite, aluminium hydroxide
10-40 parts, 10-50 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 5-10 parts of fly ash hollow floating bead, 1-20 parts of sepiolite, 1-10 parts of nano-titanium dioxide；
Anti-corrosion waterproof layer 5, the raw material including following parts by weight: 1-40 parts of at least one of polyurethane, acrylic acid, bentonite 1-30
Part, 1-30 parts of mica sheet, appropriate auxiliary agent；
Wear-resistant protecting layer 6, the raw material including following parts by weight: 1-30 parts of diatomite or attapulgite, are modified 5-20 parts of quartz sand
1-60 parts of phenolic resin, 1-50 parts of filler.
The present invention also provides a kind of underground pipe galleries, contain multiple sequentially connected underground pipe gallery ripples
It manages, is sealed at two adjacent underground pipe gallery corrugated pipe connectors using bentonite and/or clay.
Bellows structure of the present invention is simple, easy to use, especially suitable for underground pipe gallery environment, has good
Good anticorrosion antiwear and waterproof fireproofing performance, substantially increases the service life and security performance of bellows.
Used each functional layer prepares raw material and component, can further increase the above-mentioned performance of bellows.
The underground pipe gallery of bellows of the present invention is utilized, with the high advantage of security performance.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with
It obtains other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of bellows main body in the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of ripple interface tube in the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing, so that advantages and features of the invention energy
It is easier to be readily appreciated by one skilled in the art, so as to make a clearer definition of the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of underground pipe gallery bellows provided by the invention, including bellows main body 1, and be located at
The ripple interface tube 2 at 1 both ends of bellows main body, referring to fig. 2, bellows main body 1 include ripple tube wall 11, ripple tube wall 11
Inner wall from inside to outside successively layer be equipped be equipped with zinc coat 3, fireproof thermal-insulation layer 4, anti-corrosion waterproof layer 5 and wear-resistant protecting layer 6, ripple
Successively layer is equipped with zinc coat 3 and anti-corrosion waterproof layer 5 to the outer wall of tube wall 11 from inside to outside, and referring to Fig. 3, ripple interface tube 2 includes
Interface tube wall 21, interface tube wall 21 can be used stainless steel material and be made, and successively layer is equipped with the outer wall of interface tube wall 21 from inside to outside
Zinc coat 3 and anti-corrosion waterproof layer 5.
Embodiment 1
The conventional arrangement method of fireproof thermal-insulation layer 4 are as follows: coating, or package rock wool layer are carried out using fireproof coating.
Embodiment 2
The conventional arrangement method of anti-corrosion waterproof layer 5 are as follows: using the one of which such as epoxy anticorrosive paint, metal anti-corrosion paint or two kinds of progress
Coating.
Embodiment 3
The conventional arrangement method of wear-resistant protecting layer 6 are as follows: use wear Protection paint, such as F-C paint and epoxy anticorrosive paint one kind or
Two kinds of progress coatings.
Embodiment 4
Underground pipe gallery bellows is made using embodiment 1-3.
Embodiment 5
Wherein, fireproof thermal-insulation layer 4, anti-corrosion waterproof layer 5 and wear-resistant protecting layer 6 are all made of chemical preparation process and obtain, and specific group
Part raw material are as follows:
Fireproof thermal-insulation layer 4, the raw material including following parts by weight: 1-10 parts of organic additive, 10-50 parts of perlite, aluminium hydroxide 10-
40 parts, 10-50 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 5-10 parts of fly ash hollow floating bead, 1-20 parts of sepiolite, 1-10 parts of nano-titanium dioxide；
Anti-corrosion waterproof layer 5, the raw material including following parts by weight: 1-40 parts of at least one of polyurethane, acrylic acid, bentonite (have
Sealing can be achieved in the case where water) 1-30 parts, mica sheet (anti-chloride permeability) 1-30 parts, appropriate auxiliary agent；
Wear-resistant protecting layer 6, the raw material including following parts by weight: diatomite or 1-30 parts of attapulgite (for adjusting humidity), stone
5-20 parts of sand, 1-60 parts of phenol-formaldehyde resin modified, 1-50 parts of filler；
With after getting ready underground pipe gallery bellows is made using coating method, wherein fireproof thermal-insulation layer 4 in above layers body
Coating layer thickness is 1 ~ 10 mm, and fire endurance reaches 2 ~ 4h；6 coating layer thickness of wear-resistant protecting layer is 150 ~ 200 μm；Anti-corrosion waterproof layer
5 coating layer thicknesses are 300 ~ 500 μm.
Embodiment 6
Common existing bellows.
Table one
Comparative test result between embodiment 4,5,6
Verification result shows:
1, common bellows is compared, using fireproof heat insulating in the prior art, anti-corrosion waterproof type, made has the present invention
The bellows of the structure has good waterproof fireproofing, the freeze proof and performances such as anti-aging.
2, compared to bellows described in common bellows and upper section, using structure of the present invention and layers of material component institute
Manufactured bellows has better waterproof fireproofing, the freeze proof and performances such as anti-aging.Raw material hydrogen-oxygen selected by its fireproof thermal-insulation layer 4
Change aluminium etc. and belong to inorganic non-metallic material, can be decomposed in high temperature or fire and absorb a large amount of heat, will not only burn production
Raw toxic smoke, moreover it is possible to play the role of protection pipe inner cable；When temperature is lower, heat-barrier material therein can prevent bellows to be frozen
It splits；Wear-resistant protecting layer 6 is inorganic nano composite material, and raw material, which is easy to get, synthesizes simple, acidproof alkali salt index much higher than national anti-corrosion
Coating, surface hardness are high, good to pipeline base protection effect；Anti-corrosion waterproof layer 5 uses epoxy resin, has excellent attachment
It is strong to paste inner wall cohesive force for power.
3, compared with common bellows, structure coating of the present invention integrates waterproof, heat preservation, anti-corrosion, wear-resisting, solution
The prior art single problem；Construction is simple really realizes the room temperature self-curing of inorganic coating, when 20 DEG C of environment temperature, phase
To humidity less than 85%, surface drying 15min is done solid work for 24 hours, it is ensured that efficiently construction is, it can be achieved that excellent salt fog resistance, ageing-resistant performance.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention is not limited merely to above-mentioned implementation
Example, all technical solutions belonged under thinking of the present invention all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for the art
Those of ordinary skill for, several improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, these improvements and modifications
It should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of underground pipe gallery bellows, including bellows main body, and the bellows positioned at bellows main body both ends
Interface, it is characterised in that: the bellows main body includes ripple tube wall, and successively layer is set the inner wall of ripple tube wall from inside to outside
Have and is equipped with zinc coat, fireproof thermal-insulation layer, anti-corrosion waterproof layer and wear-resistant protecting layer, the outer wall of ripple tube wall successively layer from inside to outside
Equipped with zinc coat and anti-corrosion waterproof layer；Ripple interface tube includes interface tube wall, and successively layer is set the outer wall of interface tube wall from inside to outside
There are zinc coat and anti-corrosion waterproof layer.
2. underground pipe gallery bellows according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the fireproof thermal-insulation layer include with
The raw material of lower parts by weight: 1-10 parts of organic additive, 10-50 parts of perlite, 10-40 parts of aluminium hydroxide, 10-50 parts of magnesium hydroxide,
5-10 parts of fly ash hollow floating bead, 1-20 parts of sepiolite, 1-10 parts of nano-titanium dioxide；
Anti-corrosion waterproof layer 5, the raw material including following parts by weight: 1-40 parts of at least one of polyurethane, acrylic acid, bentonite 1-30
Part, 1-30 parts of mica sheet, appropriate auxiliary agent；
Wear-resistant protecting layer 6, the raw material including following parts by weight: 1-30 parts of diatomite or attapulgite, are modified 5-20 parts of quartz sand
1-60 parts of phenolic resin, 1-50 parts of filler.
3. a kind of underground pipe gallery using underground pipe gallery bellows described in any one of claim 1-2,
It is characterized in that: containing multiple sequentially connected underground pipe gallery bellowss, two adjacent underground pipe gallery ripples
It is sealed at pipe fitting using bentonite and/or clay.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811617581.8A CN109487826A (en) | 2018-12-28 | 2018-12-28 | Underground pipe gallery bellows and underground pipe gallery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811617581.8A CN109487826A (en) | 2018-12-28 | 2018-12-28 | Underground pipe gallery bellows and underground pipe gallery |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109487826A true CN109487826A (en) | 2019-03-19 |
Family
ID=65712827
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811617581.8A Pending CN109487826A (en) | 2018-12-28 | 2018-12-28 | Underground pipe gallery bellows and underground pipe gallery |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109487826A (en) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN204828926U (en) * | 2015-07-29 | 2015-12-02 | 贾志远 | Common piping lane of corrugated steel pipe formula |
| CN105257942A (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2016-01-20 | 江苏宇恒电气有限公司 | Wear and corrosion resistance type bellow expansion joint |
| CN108192389A (en) * | 2018-01-16 | 2018-06-22 | 成都今天化工有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of nano ceramics fireproof coating |
| JP3216897U (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2018-06-28 | 株式会社チューブフォーミング | Bellows tube |
| CN207700222U (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-08-07 | 谷建廷 | A kind of municipal underground pipeline lane |
| CN208221798U (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2018-12-11 | 河南飞翔电力设备制造有限公司 | A kind of multi-functional compound coating steel pipe |
-
2018
- 2018-12-28 CN CN201811617581.8A patent/CN109487826A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN204828926U (en) * | 2015-07-29 | 2015-12-02 | 贾志远 | Common piping lane of corrugated steel pipe formula |
| CN105257942A (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2016-01-20 | 江苏宇恒电气有限公司 | Wear and corrosion resistance type bellow expansion joint |
| CN207700222U (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-08-07 | 谷建廷 | A kind of municipal underground pipeline lane |
| CN108192389A (en) * | 2018-01-16 | 2018-06-22 | 成都今天化工有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of nano ceramics fireproof coating |
| JP3216897U (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2018-06-28 | 株式会社チューブフォーミング | Bellows tube |
| CN208221798U (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2018-12-11 | 河南飞翔电力设备制造有限公司 | A kind of multi-functional compound coating steel pipe |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 郭秋兰等: "《建筑材料》", 31 March 2015, 哈尔滨工业大学出版社 * |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CA2728345C (en) | Protective coating for metal surfaces | |
| CN1142803C (en) | Intumescent fire-retardant compsn. for high temp and long duration protection | |
| CN106219088B (en) | A kind of double-layer tank fire-proof and explosion-proof suitable for ground, underground anti-seepage leakproof | |
| CN105694667B (en) | Thick coated type epoxy insulation antiseptic paint | |
| CN109487826A (en) | Underground pipe gallery bellows and underground pipe gallery | |
| WO2023186180A1 (en) | Hold pipe using super heat insulation material, and production method therefor | |
| CN110743766A (en) | Natural gas pipeline corrosion prevention method | |
| CN101349364B (en) | Cable stand anti-corrosive process | |
| CN104860604A (en) | Anti-corrosion anti-permeability fire-retardant coating | |
| CN210034783U (en) | Special anticorrosive insulating tube of non-excavation engineering | |
| CA2321568A1 (en) | Intumescent fire-retardant composition for high temperature and long duration protection | |
| CN202719271U (en) | Anti-corrosion and fireproof cable bridge | |
| CN208090088U (en) | A kind of Byerlyte composite external corrosion proof layer pipe line | |
| CN201483843U (en) | Foam glass composite air duct sheet material | |
| CN206861067U (en) | Hot galvanized steel pipe inside and outside safe heat insulation type | |
| CN206861157U (en) | Inner sliding type steel-sleeve steel steam pipe | |
| CN205244645U (en) | Prefabricated direct -burried steam insulating tube | |
| CN219028740U (en) | Cable protection tube with good heat insulation and high temperature resistance effects | |
| CN212560073U (en) | Fire-retardant wear-resisting coating structure of industrial and mining equipment | |
| CN210950237U (en) | Oil transportation pipeline for oil refinery | |
| CN216813187U (en) | Gas wall pipe cladding anticorrosive device | |
| CN217056846U (en) | Crude oil pipeline's anticorrosive insulation construction | |
| CN206496098U (en) | A kind of communication cabin component | |
| CN103398392B (en) | The anti-corrosion material of a kind of fire coal tail gas funnel and construction method thereof | |
| CN109897458A (en) | A kind of novel tunnel fireproof coating |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20190319 |
|
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |