CN109482915B - Indexable insert with coating and method of making same - Google Patents

Indexable insert with coating and method of making same Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109482915B
CN109482915B CN201811268447.1A CN201811268447A CN109482915B CN 109482915 B CN109482915 B CN 109482915B CN 201811268447 A CN201811268447 A CN 201811268447A CN 109482915 B CN109482915 B CN 109482915B
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coating
titanium
nitride
substrate
cvd
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CN109482915A (en
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陈培强
李凌祥
邹建平
姜涛
吴其山
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Xiamen Golden Egret Special Alloy Co Ltd
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Xiamen Golden Egret Special Alloy Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
    • B23P15/28—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass cutting tools
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
    • C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
    • C22C29/06—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
    • C22C29/067—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds comprising a particular metallic binder
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
    • C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
    • C22C29/06—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
    • C22C29/08—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds based on tungsten carbide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
    • C23C14/24—Vacuum evaporation
    • C23C14/32—Vacuum evaporation by explosion; by evaporation and subsequent ionisation of the vapours, e.g. ion-plating
    • C23C14/325—Electric arc evaporation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
    • C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
    • C23C16/34—Nitrides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
    • C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
    • C23C16/36—Carbonitrides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
    • C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
    • C23C16/40—Oxides
    • C23C16/403—Oxides of aluminium, magnesium or beryllium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B2224/00—Materials of tools or workpieces composed of a compound including a metal
    • B23B2224/04—Aluminium oxide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B2224/00—Materials of tools or workpieces composed of a compound including a metal
    • B23B2224/36—Titanium nitride
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B2228/00—Properties of materials of tools or workpieces, materials of tools or workpieces applied in a specific manner
    • B23B2228/04—Properties of materials of tools or workpieces, materials of tools or workpieces applied in a specific manner applied by chemical vapour deposition [CVD]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B2228/00—Properties of materials of tools or workpieces, materials of tools or workpieces applied in a specific manner
    • B23B2228/08—Properties of materials of tools or workpieces, materials of tools or workpieces applied in a specific manner applied by physical vapour deposition [PVD]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B2228/00—Properties of materials of tools or workpieces, materials of tools or workpieces applied in a specific manner
    • B23B2228/10—Coatings

Abstract

The invention discloses a coated indexable insert and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the indexable insert comprises a substrate and a coating on the substrate; the coating comprises a first coating coated on the positioning surface, the inclined surface, the clearance surface and the cutting edge of the base body and a second coating coated on the positioning hole of the base body; the first coating comprises a CVD coating and a PVD coating; the second coating is made by CVD. According to the invention, on one hand, the abrasion resistance of the indexable insert can be improved under the working condition of high-feed and high-speed processing, and on the other hand, the toughness of the indexable insert under the working condition of low-speed discontinuous processing can be improved.

Description

Indexable insert with coating and method of making same
Technical Field
The invention relates to a coated cutter for cutting and forming metal and a production method thereof, in particular to a coated indexable insert and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
Modern high productivity metal cutting forming requires reliable tools with excellent wear and impact resistance, and in order to improve the wear resistance of cutting tools, the prior art generally applies a wear-resistant coating to a substrate, the wear-resistant coating being generally of a multilayer type, most commonly including TiC (titanium carbide), TiCN (titanium carbonitride), TiN (titanium nitride) and Al (titanium carbide) having good wear resistance2O3(alumina) and the like, and is generally used for coatingCVD (chemical vapor deposition) deposits different layers onto a substrate, such as cemented carbide. The mode of improving impact resistance is generally realized by adopting a matrix with high impact strength or a cutting edge with large passivation value. However, the coated cutting tool of the prior art has disadvantages in that the hardness is reduced by excessively rapid temperature rise of the insert due to good heat insulation of the coating layer, and edge chipping is easily caused in low-speed and discontinuous machining conditions.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a coated indexable insert and a manufacturing method thereof.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a coated indexable insert comprising a substrate and a coating on the substrate; the matrix comprises a front surface, a back surface and at least one clearance surface, the clearance surface is intersected with the front surface and the back surface to form a cutting edge, the front surface and the back surface respectively comprise a positioning surface at a middle position, an inclined surface and a clearance surface between the positioning surface and the cutting edge, and at least one positioning hole is arranged between the front surface and the back surface; the coating comprises a first coating coated on the positioning surface, the inclined surface, the clearance surface and the cutting edge and a second coating coated on the positioning hole; the first coating comprises a CVD coating and a PVD coating; the CVD coating is on the second outer layer of the coating and below and comprises at least two layers selected from titanium carbide, titanium carbonitride, aluminum oxide, titanium carbonyl and titanium nitride; the PVD coating is arranged on the outer layer and comprises at least one layer selected from titanium aluminum nitride, titanium silicon nitride, chromium aluminum nitride, titanium boron nitride, titanium nitride, silicon nitride and zirconium nitride; the second coating is made by CVD, and comprises at least one layer selected from titanium carbide, titanium carbonitride, aluminum oxide, titanium carbonyl and titanium nitride, and a titanium nitride layer at the outermost layer.
The thickness of the coating is 5-40 um, wherein the thickness of the aluminum oxide coating is 1-10 um, and the thickness of the titanium nitride coating is 0.1-3 um; the thickness of the PVD coating on the outer layer is 0.5-3 um.
In the surface of the substrate, wherein the area of the coating layer accounts for 100% of the total surface of the substrate, the area of the coating surface being the PVD coating layer accounts for 70-95% of the total surface of the substrate, and the area of the coating surface being the titanium nitride layer accounts for 5-30% of the total surface of the substrate.
The substrate is cemented carbide or ceramic.
A method for manufacturing a coated indexable insert comprises forming a CVD coating and a PVD coating on a substrate; the base body comprises a front surface, a back surface and at least one clearance surface, the clearance surface is intersected with the front surface and the back surface to form a cutting edge, and the front surface and the back surface respectively comprise a positioning surface at a middle position, an inclined surface between the positioning surface and the cutting edge and a clearance surface; at least one positioning hole is arranged between the front surface and the back surface; when the coating is made on the substrate, the following substances are firstly deposited on the surface of the substrate by a CVD coating method: the hard layer system has a total thickness of 5-40 um, and the coating comprises at least two layers selected from titanium carbide, titanium carbonitride, aluminum oxide, titanium carbonyl and titanium nitride, an aluminum oxide layer with the thickness of 1-10 um and positioned on the secondary surface of the coating, and a titanium nitride layer with the thickness of 0.1-3 um and positioned on the surface of the coating; then, coating a coating with the thickness of 0.5-3 um on the area except the positioning hole by adopting a PVD coating method; the PVD coating is at least one layer selected from titanium aluminum nitride, titanium silicon nitride, chromium aluminum nitride, titanium boron nitride, titanium nitride, silicon nitride, zirconium nitride.
In the indexable insert, the surface of the region of the locating hole is yellow, the area of the yellow part accounts for 5-30% of the total area of the coating, the surface of the region except the locating hole is gray, and the area of the gray part accounts for 70-95% of the total area of the coating.
And reducing the tensile stress of the CVD coating by adopting a PVD (physical vapor deposition) method, and further reducing the tensile stress by adopting sand blasting under the pressure of 0.1-1 Bar.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention analyzes the defects of the wear resistance or the toughness of the product according to the prior art by combining the failure mode of the product, analyzes the stress conditions of different parts of the blade in the cutting process, and obtains the condition that the tensile stress of the coating needs to be reduced for adapting to the larger stress condition of the blade with the CVD coating. The invention obviously reduces the tensile stress of the CVD coating by the PVD method, and is better suitable for larger stress working conditions. Particularly, two different colors of yellow and gray at the rest parts of the positioning hole are formed on the blade, so that a user can distinguish the blade with the special color at a glance. Therefore, the tensile stress of the CVD coating is reduced by adopting a PVD coating method, the tensile stress is further reduced by carrying out arc ion plating on the coating blade and then adopting a sand blasting method.
The method comprises the following steps of depositing the following substances on the surface of a substrate coated with CVD by a special PVD method, wherein the thickness of the coating is 5-40 um; wherein the thickness of the aluminum oxide coating is 1-10 um, and the thickness of the titanium nitride coating is 0.1-3 um; coating a layer of coating with the thickness of 0.5-3 um by adopting a PVD coating method to reduce the tensile stress of the CVD coating, and further reducing the tensile stress of the composite coating by adopting a sand blasting method; on one hand, the abrasion resistance of the indexable insert can be improved under the high-feed and high-speed machining working condition, and on the other hand, the toughness of the indexable insert under the low-speed discontinuous machining working condition can be improved.
The invention is further explained in detail with the accompanying drawings and the embodiments; a coated indexable insert and method of making the same of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an indexable insert of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2-1 is a 200X optical microscope photomicrograph of an embodiment of the invention (at the clearance surface);
FIG. 2-2 is a 500 scanning electron microscope photomicrograph of an embodiment of the invention (at the clearance surface);
FIG. 3-1 is a 200X optical microscope photomicrograph of an embodiment of the invention (at the site of the hole);
FIG. 3-2 is a 500X scanning electron microscope photomicrograph of an embodiment of the invention (at the location of the hole)
FIG. 4-1 is a 200X optical microscope photomicrograph of an example of the invention (sand blasting without removal of titanium aluminum nitride at 1.0 Bar);
FIG. 4-2 is a 500 scanning electron microscope photomicrograph of an example of the invention (blasting without removing titanium aluminum nitride at 1.0 Bar);
FIG. 5-1 is a 200X optical microscope photomicrograph of a comparative example (after grit blasting to remove the coating at 1.8 Bar);
FIG. 5-2 is a 200X optical microscope photomicrograph of a comparative example (after grit blasting at 2.0Bar to remove the coating);
FIGS. 5-3 are 200X optical microscope micrographs of comparative examples (after grit blasting to remove the coating at 2.2 Bar).
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, a coated indexable insert of the present invention includes a substrate and a coating on the substrate; the base body comprises a front surface 1, a back surface 2 and at least one clearance surface 3, the clearance surface 3 is intersected with the front surface 1 and the back surface 2 to form a cutting edge 4, the front surface and the back surface respectively comprise a positioning surface 5 at a middle position, an inclined surface 6 between the positioning surface and the cutting edge and a clearance surface 7, and a positioning hole 8 is arranged between the front surface and the back surface; the coating comprises a first coating coated in the positioning surface 5, the inclined surface 6, the clearance surface 7, the clearance surface 3 and the cutting edge 4 and a second coating coated in the positioning hole 8; the first coating comprises a CVD coating and a PVD coating; the CVD coating is arranged on the secondary outer layer and the following layers of the coating and comprises at least two layers selected from titanium carbide, titanium carbonitride, aluminum oxide, titanium carbonyl and titanium nitride; the PVD coating is arranged on the outer layer and comprises at least one layer selected from titanium aluminum nitride, titanium silicon nitride, chromium aluminum nitride, titanium boron nitride, titanium nitride, silicon nitride and zirconium nitride; the second coating is made by CVD, and comprises at least one layer selected from titanium carbide, titanium carbonitride, aluminum oxide, titanium carbonyl and titanium nitride, and a titanium nitride layer at the outermost layer. That is, the pilot hole 8 is not coated with PVD but with CVD, and the clearance surface 3, the cutting edge 4, the locating surface 5, the inclined surface 6, and the clearance surface 7 are coated with PVD by CVD.
The thickness of the coating is 5-40 um; wherein, the thickness of aluminium oxide coating is 1 ~ 10um, and the thickness of titanium nitride coating is 0.1 ~ 3um, and the thickness of titanium aluminum nitride coating is 0.5 ~ 3 um.
In the surface of the substrate, wherein the area of the coating layer accounts for 100% of the total surface of the substrate, the area of the coating layer surface being the titanium aluminum nitride layer accounts for 70-95% of the total surface of the substrate, and the area of the coating layer surface being the titanium nitride layer accounts for 5-30% of the total surface of the substrate.
The substrate is cemented carbide or ceramic.
The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a coated indexable insert, which comprises the steps of manufacturing a CVD coating and a PVD coating on a substrate; the matrix comprises a front surface, a back surface and at least one clearance surface, the clearance surface is intersected with the front surface and the back surface to form a cutting edge, the front surface and the back surface respectively comprise a positioning surface at a middle position, an inclined surface and a clearance surface between the positioning surface and the cutting edge, and at least one positioning hole is arranged between the front surface and the back surface; when the coating is made on the substrate, the following substances are deposited on the surface of the substrate by a CVD method: the hard layer system has a total thickness of 5-40 um, and the coating comprises at least two layers selected from titanium carbide, titanium carbonitride, aluminum oxide, titanium carbonyl and titanium nitride, an aluminum oxide layer with the thickness of 1-10 um and positioned on the secondary surface of the coating, and a titanium nitride layer with the thickness of 0.1-3 um and positioned on the surface of the coating; then, coating a coating with the thickness of 0.5-3 um on the area except the positioning hole by adopting a PVD coating method; the PVD coating is at least one layer selected from titanium aluminum nitride, titanium silicon nitride, chromium aluminum nitride, titanium boron nitride, titanium nitride, silicon nitride, zirconium nitride.
In the method for manufacturing the indexable insert with the coating, the surface of the area of the positioning hole is yellow, the area of the yellow part accounts for 5-30% of the total area of the coating, the surface of the area except the positioning hole is gray, and the area of the gray part accounts for 70-95% of the total area of the coating.
The manufacturing method of the indexable insert with the coating reduces the tensile stress existing in the CVD coating by adopting a PVD method, and further reduces the tensile stress by adopting sand blasting under the pressure of 0.1-1 Bar.
The invention relates to a coated indexable insert and a manufacturing method thereof, which are characterized in that the defects of the wear resistance or the toughness of a product are analyzed according to the prior art by combining the failure mode of the product, the stress conditions of different parts of the insert in the cutting process are analyzed, and the CVD coated insert is obtained by reducing the tensile stress of the coating to adapt to the larger stress condition. The invention obviously reduces the tensile stress of the CVD coating by the PVD method, and is better suitable for larger stress working conditions. Particularly, two different colors of yellow and gray at the rest parts of the positioning hole are formed on the blade, so that a user can distinguish the blade with the special color at a glance. Therefore, the tensile stress of the CVD coating is reduced by adopting a PVD coating method, the tensile stress is further reduced by carrying out arc ion plating on the coating blade and then adopting a sand blasting method.
The invention deposits the following substances on the surface of a substrate coated with CVD by a special PVD method, wherein the thickness of the coating is 5-40 um; wherein the thickness of the aluminum oxide coating is 1-10 um, and the thickness of the titanium nitride coating is 0.1-3 um; coating a layer of coating with the thickness of 0.5-3 um by adopting a PVD coating method to reduce the tensile stress of the CVD coating, and further reducing the tensile stress of the composite coating by adopting a sand blasting method; on one hand, the abrasion resistance of the indexable insert can be improved under the high-feed and high-speed machining working condition, and on the other hand, the toughness of the indexable insert under the low-speed discontinuous machining working condition can be improved.
The invention has the advantages that the appearance is gray and yellow, the impact resistance and the stability of steel car products with CVD coatings can be functionally improved, and the special PVD method tensile stress removing treatment technology can achieve better coating bonding force effect in performance, so that the cutting life of the products can be effectively prolonged.
A coated indexable insert and a method of making the same of the present invention are further described below by comparing a specific example of the present invention with a comparative example.
Examples of the invention
FIG. 2-1 is a 200X optical microscope photomicrograph showing a clearance surface of an insert according to the present invention with an outermost layer applied by PVD over a CVD coating, in FIG. 2-1: A1-TiAlN;
fig. 2-2 is a 500X scanning electron microscope photomicrograph showing a clearance surface of an insert according to the present invention with an outermost layer applied by PVD over a CVD coating, in fig. 2-2: A2-TiAlN;
fig. 3-1 is a 200X optical microscope photomicrograph showing the TiN outermost layer of the pilot hole of the insert according to the present invention, in fig. 3-1: A3-TiN;
fig. 3-2 is a 500X scanning electron microscope photomicrograph showing the TiN outermost layer of the pilot hole of the insert according to the present invention, in fig. 3-2: A4-TiN;
fig. 4-1 is a 200X optical microscope photomicrograph showing the outermost layer of TiN of an insert according to the present invention without any residue after the grit blasting process, wherein, in fig. 4-1: A5-TiAlN;
fig. 4-2 is a 500X scanning electron microscope photomicrograph showing the outermost layer of TiN of an insert according to the present invention without any residue after the grit blasting process, wherein, in fig. 4-2: A6-TiAlN;
sample a (invention): cemented carbide cutting inserts WNMG080408-QM were coated by CVD technique with a composition of 7.0 Wt-% Co, 9.0 Wt-% cubic carbide (TiC + TaC + NbC) and balance WC in the order 0.8 μmTiN, 3.0 μmti (cn), 4.0 μm a-Al2O3, 1.2 μmTiN;
depositing the coating by a CVD method;
coating TiAlN to the coated insert by PVD techniques;
by using Al2O3Sand grains, post-treating the coated blade at a blasting pressure of 1.0 Bar.
Comparative example
Sample B (prior art): cemented carbide cutting inserts CNMG120408-PM having a composition of 5.5 Wt-% Co, 8.6 Wt-% cubic carbide (TiC + TaC + NbC) and balance WC were coated by means of a CVD technique in the order 0.7 μmTiN, 4.0 μmti (cn), 5.0 μm a-Al2O3 and 0.7 μm titanium oxide Ti2O3 and 0.7 umTiN;
deposition of Ti by CVD technique2O3A layer, the other layer being deposited by a CVD method;
by using Al2O3Grit that was post-treated by blasting at different blasting pressures, i.e. 1.8, 2.0 and 2.2 Bar.
Type A and B blades were studied with an optical microscope (200X) to find any TiN residue on the alumina surface, and further examined with a scanning electron microscope (500X) for Al removal2O3And (3) residues of the other ingredients. The amount of residue was determined using image analysis (leica quantimet 500) or energy spectral analysis. The results are summarized in the following table.
Figure BDA0001845443620000071
The foregoing is considered as illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way. Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make many possible variations and modifications to the disclosed embodiments, or equivalent modifications, without departing from the scope of the disclosed embodiments. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the technical scheme of the present invention, unless the technical spirit of the present invention departs from the content of the technical scheme of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A coated indexable insert comprising a substrate and a coating on the substrate; the matrix comprises a front surface, a back surface and at least one clearance surface, the clearance surface is intersected with the front surface and the back surface to form a cutting edge, the front surface and the back surface respectively comprise a positioning surface at a middle position, an inclined surface and a clearance surface between the positioning surface and the cutting edge, and at least one positioning hole is arranged between the front surface and the back surface; the method is characterized in that: the coating comprises a first coating coated on the positioning surface, the inclined surface, the clearance surface and the cutting edge and a second coating coated on the positioning hole; the first coating comprises a CVD coating and a PVD coating; the CVD coating is on the second outer layer of the coating and below and comprises at least two layers selected from titanium carbide, titanium carbonitride, aluminum oxide, titanium carbonyl and titanium nitride; the PVD coating is arranged on the outer layer and comprises at least one layer selected from titanium aluminum nitride, titanium silicon nitride, chromium aluminum nitride, titanium boron nitride, titanium nitride, silicon nitride and zirconium nitride; the second coating is made by CVD and comprises at least two layers selected from titanium carbide, titanium carbonitride, alumina, titanium carbonyl and titanium nitride, and a titanium nitride layer at the outermost layer.
2. The coated indexable insert of claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the CVD coating is 5-40 um, the CVD coating further comprises an aluminum oxide coating on the surface of the coating layer and a titanium nitride coating on the surface of the coating, wherein the thickness of the aluminum oxide coating is 1-10 um, and the thickness of the titanium nitride coating is 0.1-3 um; the thickness of the PVD coating on the outer layer is 0.5-3 um.
3. The coated indexable insert of claim 1, wherein: in the surface of the substrate, wherein the area of the coating layer represents 100% of the total surface of the substrate, the area of the coating surface being the PVD coating represents 70% to 95% of the total surface of the substrate, and the area of the coating surface being the CVD coating represents 5% to 30% of the total surface of the substrate.
4. The coated indexable insert of claim 1 or 3, wherein: the substrate is cemented carbide or ceramic.
5. A method for manufacturing a coated indexable insert comprises forming a CVD coating and a PVD coating on a substrate; the base body comprises a front surface, a back surface and at least one clearance surface, the clearance surface is intersected with the front surface and the back surface to form a cutting edge, and the front surface and the back surface respectively comprise a positioning surface at a middle position, an inclined surface between the positioning surface and the cutting edge and a clearance surface; at least one positioning hole is arranged between the front surface and the back surface; the method is characterized in that: when the coating is made on the substrate, the following substances are firstly deposited on the surface of the substrate by a CVD coating method: the CVD coating comprises at least two layers selected from titanium carbide, titanium carbonitride, aluminum oxide, titanium carbonyl and titanium nitride, an aluminum oxide layer with the thickness of 1-10 um and a titanium nitride layer with the thickness of 0.1-3 um and positioned on the secondary surface of the coating; and then, coating a PVD coating with the thickness of 0.5-3 um on the region except the positioning hole by adopting a PVD coating method, wherein the PVD coating is at least one layer selected from titanium aluminum nitride, titanium silicon nitride, chromium aluminum nitride, titanium boron nitride, titanium nitride, silicon nitride and zirconium nitride.
6. The method of making an indexable insert with a coating according to claim 5, wherein: in the indexable insert, the surface of the region of the locating hole is yellow, the area of the yellow part accounts for 5-30% of the total area of the coating, the surface of the region except the locating hole is gray, and the area of the gray part accounts for 70-95% of the total area of the coating.
7. The method of making an indexable insert with a coating according to claim 5, wherein: and reducing the tensile stress of the CVD coating by adopting a PVD (physical vapor deposition) method, and further reducing the tensile stress by adopting sand blasting under the pressure of 0.1-1 Bar.
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CN1215436A (en) * 1996-04-04 1999-04-28 钴碳化钨硬质合金公司 Boron and nitrogen containing coating and method for making
CN1233987A (en) * 1996-10-21 1999-11-03 钴碳化钨硬质合金公司 Green honed cutting insert and method of making same
US6599062B1 (en) * 1999-06-11 2003-07-29 Kennametal Pc Inc. Coated PCBN cutting inserts
CN101088757A (en) * 2006-06-15 2007-12-19 山特维克知识产权股份有限公司 Coated inserts for milling
CN102498230A (en) * 2009-07-14 2012-06-13 Msm克里斯塔尔公司 Method for producing indexable inserts
CN102791406A (en) * 2010-03-11 2012-11-21 钴碳化钨硬质合金公司 Coated ceramic cutting insert and method of making the same
CN107716961A (en) * 2017-08-21 2018-02-23 厦门金鹭特种合金有限公司 A kind of indexable insert tip, throw away tip of coating post processing and preparation method thereof

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1059858A (en) * 1990-09-17 1992-04-01 钴碳化钨硬质合金公司 The binder enriched cutting tool that has chemical vapour deposition (CVD) and physical vapour deposition (PVD) to apply
CN1215436A (en) * 1996-04-04 1999-04-28 钴碳化钨硬质合金公司 Boron and nitrogen containing coating and method for making
CN1233987A (en) * 1996-10-21 1999-11-03 钴碳化钨硬质合金公司 Green honed cutting insert and method of making same
US6599062B1 (en) * 1999-06-11 2003-07-29 Kennametal Pc Inc. Coated PCBN cutting inserts
CN101088757A (en) * 2006-06-15 2007-12-19 山特维克知识产权股份有限公司 Coated inserts for milling
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CN102791406A (en) * 2010-03-11 2012-11-21 钴碳化钨硬质合金公司 Coated ceramic cutting insert and method of making the same
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