CN109482798B - Forming method of long-supporting-arm thin-web cylindrical forging - Google Patents
Forming method of long-supporting-arm thin-web cylindrical forging Download PDFInfo
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- CN109482798B CN109482798B CN201811622258.XA CN201811622258A CN109482798B CN 109482798 B CN109482798 B CN 109482798B CN 201811622258 A CN201811622258 A CN 201811622258A CN 109482798 B CN109482798 B CN 109482798B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/02—Die forging; Trimming by making use of special dies ; Punching during forging
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
- B21J5/08—Upsetting
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Abstract
A long supporting arm thin web cylindrical forging drum-shaped continuous skin cabin active control metal flow forming method relates to a long supporting arm thin web cylindrical forging forming method, and comprises the following steps: firstly, calculating an original blank required by a forge piece; secondly, upsetting and blank making; thirdly, upsetting and drawing a blank; fourthly, finish forging; fifthly, removing the flash of the formed forged piece and cleaning the surface of the forged piece to obtain the long-support-arm thin-web cylindrical forged piece. The invention actively controls the metal flow through the drum-shaped connecting skin cabin, and can be applied to actively and accurately controlling the forming of the long-supporting-arm thin-web cylindrical forge piece with complex shape and large change of the section shape.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for forming a long-supporting-arm thin-web cylindrical forging piece, in particular to a method for actively controlling metal flow forming through a drum-shaped connecting skin cabin, so that the problems of easy occurrence of defects of flow penetration, streamline disorder, cavity filling and the like in the forming process of the forging piece are avoided.
Background
In the field of aerospace, a long-supporting-arm thin-web cylindrical forging piece is used as a key component, the requirement on the mechanical property, particularly the fatigue property of the component is extremely high, and the component with the mechanical property, particularly the fatigue property, meeting the requirement cannot be obtained by adopting a forming method of machining, die forging or even common isothermal forging. Primarily because the flow of metal during the forming process of such components is difficult to control accurately. The long-support-arm thin-web cylindrical forged piece is complex in shape and large in change of the shape of the cross section, and the flow of metal needs to be accurately controlled in the forming process.
If the metal of the cylindrical part in the initial forging stage is excessive, after the cylindrical part is filled in the later forging stage, the metal can flow to the long supporting arm direction and the parting surface in a long distance, the streamline at the junction of the cylindrical part and the supporting arm part is sheared, the serious flow passing problem is generated, the mechanical property, particularly the fatigue property of the forged piece is reduced by more than 30%, and the qualified forged piece cannot be obtained. If the initial metal of the cylindrical part is too little in the metal die forging, the metal at the port position is easy to flow to the long supporting arm direction and the die parting surface because the flow resistance of the metal to the long supporting arm direction and the die parting surface is small, so that the metal flows to the bottom of the cylinder insufficiently, the filling is not full, and the forged piece with the shape and the size meeting the requirements cannot be obtained.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for actively controlling metal flow forming of a long-supporting-arm thin-web cylindrical forging drum-shaped connected skin bin, which aims to solve the problems of easy occurrence of defects of flow penetration and streamline turbulence and cavity filling in the forming process of the forging.
A long-supporting-arm thin-web cylindrical forge piece drum-shaped continuous skin cabin active metal flow forming method comprises the following steps:
firstly, calculating an original blank required by a forging piece: obtaining an original bar stock required by forming a final forging through finite element numerical simulation analysis;
upsetting and blank making: heating an original bar stock to 400-450 ℃, and then carrying out an upsetting process on a hydraulic machine to upset a blank to a certain height;
thirdly, upsetting and drawing the blank: carrying out free forging and repeated upsetting-drawing on the blank obtained by upsetting to obtain a preformed blank with the design requirement;
fourthly, finish forging: for isothermal die forging forming of a long supporting arm thin web cylinder, a drum-shaped connecting skin bin is added to actively and accurately control a large amount of redundant metal outside a limited cavity space in the cylinder cannot contain the redundant metal, the redundant metal flows into the drum-shaped connecting skin bin at the later stage of die forging and does not flow towards the direction of the long supporting arm and a die parting surface, and the cylinder and the long supporting arm cavity are fully filled;
fifthly, removing the flash of the formed forged piece and cleaning the surface of the forged piece to obtain the long-support-arm thin-web cylindrical forged piece.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a long-supporting-arm thin-web cylindrical forge piece drum-shaped skin connecting bin active control metal flow forming method, which is characterized in that metal flow is actively controlled through the drum-shaped skin connecting bin, so that the condition that the metal flows insufficiently to the bottom of a drum, the metal is not filled fully, and a forge piece with the shape and the size meeting the requirements cannot be obtained is avoided; meanwhile, the phenomenon that metal flows to the long supporting arm direction and the parting surface of the forge piece remotely in the later period of die forging, the streamline at the junction of the cylindrical part and the supporting arm part is cut off, serious flow passing is caused, and the flow passing phenomenon is prevented. The metal streamline distribution of the long support arm and the forging web along the geometric shape and the forming quality and streamline distribution of the central cylinder are ensured. The method can be applied to actively and accurately controlling the metal flow in the forming process of the long-supporting-arm thin-web cylindrical forged piece with a complex shape and a large change of the section shape, solves the problems of streamline flow-through, disorder and the like of the long-supporting-arm cylindrical intersection part frequently occurring in the long-supporting-arm thin-web cylindrical forged piece, and obtains the key component with the mechanical property, particularly the fatigue property meeting the requirements.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a preform of design;
FIG. 2 is a view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a conventional flat bottom connected skin silo mold;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a flow-through phenomenon occurring when a long-support-arm thin-web cylinder is formed by using a flat-bottom connected skin bin mold;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a drum-shaped leather-connected cabin mold;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the streamline distribution of a forged piece obtained by the formation of a drum-shaped skin-connected bin;
FIG. 7 is a front view of the obtained forged piece object;
FIG. 8 is a reverse side view of the obtained forged object;
FIG. 9 is a front view of a long-support-arm thin-web cylindrical forged piece object after trimming and surface cleaning;
FIG. 10 is a real reverse side view of a long-support-arm thin-web cylindrical forging after trimming and surface cleaning.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1-6, a method for actively controlling metal flow forming of a long-support-arm thin-web cylindrical forging drum-shaped connecting skin cabin comprises the following steps:
firstly, calculating an original blank required by a forging piece: obtaining an original bar stock required by forming a final forging through finite element numerical simulation analysis;
upsetting and blank making: heating an original bar stock to 400-450 ℃, and then carrying out an upsetting process on a hydraulic machine to upset a blank to a certain height;
thirdly, upsetting and drawing the blank: carrying out free forging and repeated upsetting-drawing on the blank obtained by upsetting to obtain a preformed blank with the design requirement;
fourthly, finish forging: for isothermal die forging forming of a long supporting arm thin web cylinder, a drum-shaped connecting skin bin is added to actively and accurately control a large amount of redundant metal outside a limited cavity space in the cylinder cannot contain the redundant metal, the redundant metal flows into the connecting skin bin at the later stage of die forging and does not flow towards the direction of the long supporting arm and a die parting surface, and the cylinder and the long supporting arm cavity are fully filled;
fifthly, removing the flash of the formed forged piece and cleaning the surface of the forged piece to obtain the long-support-arm thin-web cylindrical forged piece.
In the third step of the implementation mode, the shape and size of the blank of the finish forging die are reasonably designed, which is very important for complex die forgings with complex shapes, large change of section shapes and high requirements on tissues and performance of long-supporting-arm thin-web cylinders, the characteristics of the long supporting arms, the high cylinders and the thin flanks of the forgings are considered, not only the deformation degree and streamline distribution of the blank are actively and accurately controlled, but also the metal flowing condition of a complex deformation area is considered, and on the basis, the preformed blank shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2 is designed by combining finite element numerical simulation and physical simulation experiments. And (5) repeatedly upsetting and drawing the blank obtained in the step two by free forging to obtain the preformed blank shown in the figures 1 and 2.
In the fourth step, for isothermal die forging forming of a long supporting arm thin web cylinder, a flat-bottom connected skin bin shown in fig. 3 is adopted, the connected skin can only control the flow of a small amount of metal, after the cylinder is filled partially, the redundant metal actively flows towards the direction of a long supporting arm and a die parting surface at the later stage of die forging, so that the metal flows in a long range, the flow passing problem shown in fig. 4 is generated at the intersection position of the cylinder and the long supporting arm, and the comprehensive mechanical property, particularly the fatigue property of the forging is greatly reduced. In order to reasonably distribute the flow line and actively control the short-range flow of metal, a drum-shaped leather connecting bin shown in figure 5 is adopted, wherein the drum-shaped leather connecting bin 5 is a cylinder with a certain draft angle, and the appearance of the drum-shaped leather connecting bin is similar to a drum shape. In the fourth embodiment, a cavity is formed after an upper molding surface and a lower molding surface which are respectively arranged on an upper die 1 and a lower die 2 are correspondingly matched, and a drum-shaped connecting leather bin 5 is arranged at a connecting leather 4 of the cavity 3. And (3) adding a drum-shaped leather connecting bin to actively and accurately control a large amount of redundant metal outside the limited cavity space in the cylinder which can not contain the redundant metal, enabling the redundant metal to flow into the drum-shaped leather connecting bin instead of flowing towards the direction of the long supporting arm and the parting surface at the later stage of die forging, and finally obtaining reasonable streamline distribution as shown in fig. 6, wherein as shown in fig. 7 and 8, after trimming and surface cleaning are carried out on the formed forged piece, the long supporting arm thin web cylindrical forged piece is obtained, as shown in fig. 9 and 10.
The long-supporting-arm thin-web cylindrical forging piece obtained by the scheme is tested in mechanical property and fatigue property: longitudinally, the tensile strength reaches 460-480MPa, the yield strength reaches 390-400MPa, and the elongation reaches 10-13.0%; in the transverse direction, the tensile strength reaches 450-470MPa, the yield strength reaches 380-390MPa, and the elongation reaches 6-10.2%; in the height direction, the tensile strength reaches 430-450MPa, the yield strength reaches 370-380MPa, and the elongation reaches 5-7.5%.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the drum-shaped leather connecting bin is a cylinder with a certain draft angle, the diameter of the drum-shaped leather connecting bin is 50mm-120mm, and the height of the drum-shaped leather connecting bin is 40mm-120 mm. The size of the original bar stock adopted in the first step is as follows: the outer diameter is phi 150 mm-phi 180mm, the height is 340mm-390mm, and the blank is upset to the height of 50mm-120mm in the corresponding step two. The 7075 aluminum alloy long supporting arm thin web cylindrical forging prepared by the steps is tested in mechanical property and fatigue property: longitudinally, the tensile strength reaches 468MPa (the requirement is equal to or more than 455MPa), the yield strength reaches 396MPa (the requirement is equal to or more than 385MPa), and the elongation reaches 13.0 percent (the requirement is equal to or more than 7.0 percent); in the transverse direction, the tensile strength reaches 459MPa (the requirement is more than or equal to 440MPa), the yield strength reaches 380MPa (the requirement is more than or equal to 370MPa), and the elongation reaches 10.2 percent (the requirement is more than or equal to 4.0); in the height direction, the tensile strength reaches 444MPa (required to be more than or equal to 420MPa), the yield strength reaches 371MPa (required to be more than or equal to 360MPa), and the elongation reaches 7.5 percent (required to be more than or equal to 3 percent). Fatigue performance is given for 2400 hours. The drum-shaped connecting skin bin can obtain reasonable streamline distribution, and the performance of the forging piece comprehensively meets the requirement.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any person skilled in the art can make many modifications and equivalent variations by using the above-described structures and technical contents without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A long-supporting-arm thin-web cylindrical forge piece drum-shaped continuous skin cabin active metal flow forming method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: it includes:
firstly, calculating an original blank required by a forging piece: obtaining an original bar stock required by forming a final forging through finite element numerical simulation analysis;
upsetting and blank making: heating an original bar stock to 400-450 ℃, and then carrying out an upsetting process on a hydraulic machine to upset a blank to a certain height;
thirdly, upsetting and drawing the blank: carrying out free forging and repeated upsetting-drawing on the blank obtained by upsetting to obtain a preformed blank with the design requirement;
fourthly, finish forging: for isothermal die forging forming of the long supporting arm thin web cylinder, as the limited cavity space in the cylinder can not contain redundant metal, the drum-shaped connecting skin bin is added to actively and accurately control a large amount of redundant metal, and the redundant metal flows into the drum-shaped connecting skin bin at the later stage of die forging instead of flowing towards the direction of the long supporting arm and the parting surface, so that the cylinder and the long supporting arm cavity are fully filled; the drum-shaped leather connecting bin is a cylinder with a certain drawing slope; the diameter of the drum-shaped skin connecting cabin is phi 50mm-120mm, and the height is 40mm-120 mm.
Fifthly, removing the flash of the formed forged piece and cleaning the surface of the forged piece to obtain the long-support-arm thin-web cylindrical forged piece.
2. The method for actively controlling metal flow forming of the long-supporting-arm thin-web cylindrical forging drum-shaped connecting skin bin as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: and further comprising six steps of testing the mechanical property and the fatigue property of the forged piece: longitudinally, the tensile strength reaches 460-480MPa, the yield strength reaches 390-400MPa, and the elongation reaches 10-13.0%; in the transverse direction, the tensile strength reaches 450-470MPa, the yield strength reaches 380-390MPa, and the elongation reaches 6-10.2%; in the height direction, the tensile strength reaches 430-450MPa, the yield strength reaches 370-380MPa, and the elongation reaches 5-7.5%.
3. The method for actively controlling metal flow forming of the long-supporting-arm thin-web cylindrical forging drum-shaped connecting skin bin as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: the original bar stock of the step one: the outer diameter is phi 150 mm-phi 180mm, and the height is 340mm-390 mm.
4. The method for actively controlling metal flow forming of the long-supporting-arm thin-web cylindrical forging drum-shaped connecting skin bin as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: and in the second step, upsetting the blank to 50-120 mm in height.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811622258.XA CN109482798B (en) | 2018-12-28 | 2018-12-28 | Forming method of long-supporting-arm thin-web cylindrical forging |
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| CN201811622258.XA CN109482798B (en) | 2018-12-28 | 2018-12-28 | Forming method of long-supporting-arm thin-web cylindrical forging |
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| CN109482798A CN109482798A (en) | 2019-03-19 |
| CN109482798B true CN109482798B (en) | 2020-04-03 |
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| CN113996743B (en) * | 2021-11-04 | 2022-11-08 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Precise hot forming method for deep-cavity irregular cylindrical forging with rib and notch |
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| US2400387A (en) * | 1943-07-01 | 1946-05-14 | Charles A Brauchler | Method and apparatus for forging crankcases |
| CN102513486B (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2014-10-22 | 陕西宏远航空锻造有限责任公司 | Die forging method for titanium alloy forge pieces |
| CN103406482B (en) * | 2013-08-28 | 2015-06-03 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Isothermal forging forming die and method for 7075 aluminum alloy tapered casing |
| CN106271431B (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2018-08-10 | 芜湖三联锻造有限公司 | The disc flange part processing method of interstitial hole and kidney slot is set in a kind of |
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