CN109477299B - Clothing for a machine for producing a fibrous material web and method for producing the clothing - Google Patents
Clothing for a machine for producing a fibrous material web and method for producing the clothing Download PDFInfo
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- CN109477299B CN109477299B CN201780045080.4A CN201780045080A CN109477299B CN 109477299 B CN109477299 B CN 109477299B CN 201780045080 A CN201780045080 A CN 201780045080A CN 109477299 B CN109477299 B CN 109477299B
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
- D21F7/00—Other details of machines for making continuous webs of paper
- D21F7/08—Felts
- D21F7/10—Seams thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/467—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction
- C02F1/4672—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction by electrooxydation
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D1/00—Woven fabrics designed to make specified articles
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D11/00—Double or multi-ply fabrics not otherwise provided for
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06H—MARKING, INSPECTING, SEAMING OR SEVERING TEXTILE MATERIALS
- D06H7/00—Apparatus or processes for cutting, or otherwise severing, specially adapted for the cutting, or otherwise severing, of textile materials
- D06H7/02—Apparatus or processes for cutting, or otherwise severing, specially adapted for the cutting, or otherwise severing, of textile materials transversely
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06H—MARKING, INSPECTING, SEAMING OR SEVERING TEXTILE MATERIALS
- D06H7/00—Apparatus or processes for cutting, or otherwise severing, specially adapted for the cutting, or otherwise severing, of textile materials
- D06H7/14—Cutting fabrics by cutting the weft or warp threads while making special provision to avoid cutting warp or weft threads, respectively, adjacent to the cut
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06J—PLEATING, KILTING OR GOFFERING TEXTILE FABRICS OR WEARING APPAREL
- D06J1/00—Pleating, kilting or goffering textile fabrics or wearing apparel
- D06J1/12—Forms of pleats or the like
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
- D21F1/00—Wet end of machines for making continuous webs of paper
- D21F1/0027—Screen-cloths
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
- D21F1/00—Wet end of machines for making continuous webs of paper
- D21F1/0027—Screen-cloths
- D21F1/0036—Multi-layer screen-cloths
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
- D21F1/00—Wet end of machines for making continuous webs of paper
- D21F1/0027—Screen-cloths
- D21F1/0054—Seams thereof
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
- D21F1/00—Wet end of machines for making continuous webs of paper
- D21F1/10—Wire-cloths
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
- D21F7/00—Other details of machines for making continuous webs of paper
- D21F7/08—Felts
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
- D21F7/00—Other details of machines for making continuous webs of paper
- D21F7/08—Felts
- D21F7/083—Multi-layer felts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H1/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for dwelling or office purposes; General layout, e.g. modular co-ordination or staggered storeys
- E04H1/02—Dwelling houses; Buildings for temporary habitation, e.g. summer houses
- E04H1/04—Apartment houses arranged in two or more levels
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/16—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate against adverse conditions, e.g. extreme climate, pests
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
- C02F1/004—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance using large scale industrial sized filters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/009—Apparatus with independent power supply, e.g. solar cells, windpower, fuel cells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/14—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate against other dangerous influences, e.g. tornadoes, floods
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
- Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
Abstract
A clothing (2), in particular for use in a machine for the production and/or refining of a paper, cardboard, tissue or pulp web, the clothing (2) comprising a basic structure designed as a partial section of a flat fabric (1), the flat fabric (1) being composed of warp (3) and weft (10) yarns crossing each other. The partial section of the flat fabric (1) has a plurality of sections (4a, 4b, 4c), wherein the plurality of sections (4a, 4b, 4c) are formed in one piece with each other, and wherein at least one property of one section of the plurality of sections (4a, 4b, 4c) differs from a respective property of at least one adjacent section (4a, 4b, 4 c).
Description
The invention relates to a clothing, in particular a press felt, for machines for producing and/or refining a fibrous web, such as a paper, cardboard or tissue web, and to a method for producing such clothing.
In the press section of a paper, board or tissue machine, clothing in the form of press felts is used, which are mainly used for absorbing water pressed out of a fresh fibrous web by pressure in one or more press nips. In this case, on the one hand, the press felt is subjected to a large load, and on the other hand, high demands are made on the properties of the press felt with regard to marking ability, dewatering ability, resetting ability and shrinkage performance.
Such press felts usually have a load-bearing basic structure, one or more staple fiber layers and additionally one or more functional layers, which are arranged one above the other and are connected to one another. The functional layer may here comprise, for example, a film or membrane which is more or less permeable to gases and liquids.
The connection between the layers above and below is usually achieved by needling. In this case, the components are arranged one after the other in the desired number and sequence and are conveyed to a needling zone, in which the fibers of the staple fiber layer are passed through the loaded basic structure and possibly further functional layers by means of barbs on the needles, and the layers are thereby positioned and fixed relative to one another.
It is also known, in order to simplify the production, to produce the press felt from two or more layers of a simple, load-bearing basic structure, wherein the basic structure is present as a flat fabric and is folded back on itself at least once and subsequently joined at its ends to form an endless clothing.
A clothing and a method for producing the clothing are known, for example, from WO 2009/106182 a 1. The clothing has a flat woven material with an upper side and a lower side and two ends. The flat woven material has two fold lines where the material is folded and laid on itself. Here, the folding lines are arranged such that the ends of the flat woven material are arranged in a region remote from the folding lines. The ends are connected to each other, resulting in an endless, hose-like structure that is laid flat.
Further, patent document WO 2013/083468 a1 shows a method for producing a seam of a clothing. The clothing has weft yarns and warp yarns interwoven with one another into a fabric structure. Several weft yarns are removed from the fabric structure and then laid down on themselves in such a way that loops of warp yarns are constructed in the area of the removed weft yarns. These loops constitute the ends of the subsequent clothing. These loops are interlaced with similarly formed further loops on the other end of the fabric structure and a pintle wire is introduced, which may render the clothing endless.
In this case, it is disadvantageous, in particular, that it is easy to mark on the known press felt. On the one hand, the risk of causing undesirable patterns in the fibrous web due to the so-called moire effect arises in the joining of the two fabric layers, and on the other hand the seam tends to likewise cause markings in the fibrous web, which are caused by the changed properties of the clothing, in particular the changed permeability and thickness, in the seam region.
The technical problem addressed by the present invention is therefore to provide a clothing which on the one hand can be produced simply and on the other hand avoids or at least alleviates the known disadvantages of the prior art.
The technical problem is solved by a clothing, a method for manufacturing a corresponding clothing.
According to one aspect of the invention, it is provided herein that a clothing, in particular for use in a machine for producing and/or refining a paper, cardboard, tissue or pulp web, comprises a basic structure designed as a partial section of a flat fabric, which is composed of warp and weft yarns crossing each other, and wherein the partial section of the flat fabric has a plurality of sections, which are constructed integrally with each other, and wherein at least one property of one section of the plurality of sections differs from a corresponding property of at least one adjacent section.
According to another aspect of the invention, a method is specified, comprising the following steps: i) producing a flat fabric by a sequence of weaving sections; ii) a partial section of the cut-to-length flat fabric comprising three sections; iii) rolling up the partial segments along transition locations between the sections; iv) laying the turned-up portion of the flat fabric on itself; and v) connecting the ends of the partial segments.
The clothing can thus be produced from a length of flat fabric, and the use of individual partial lengths with different properties can be dispensed with altogether. Here, costly and troublesome work steps such as cut-to-length, stacking on top of one another and positioning are omitted, which each involve a source of error and can therefore have a negative influence on the quality of the finished clothing. The clothing according to the invention can be produced simply and quickly, without excessive seam locations, and in this case is not only cost-effective but also reliable and has a low footprint.
In the clothing according to the invention or the clothing produced by the method according to the invention, when the clothing is used in a machine, for example a paper machine, the yarns are usually oriented such that the warp yarns of the weaving machine are oriented in the machine transport direction and the weft yarns of the weaving machine extend in the cross-machine direction.
It can advantageously be provided here that the at least one feature is selected from the following features: the weave pattern, the number of woven layers, the material of the weft yarns, the material strength of the weft yarns and/or the thickness of the weft yarns. The mentioned properties can be selected and combined in a simple and effective manner by modern technology in the field of weaving and material selection and material combination.
According to an advantageous embodiment, it can be provided that at least one of the sections is woven in a single layer and at least one of the other sections is woven in a double or multilayer manner. This results in a higher absorption capacity for water from the fibrous web in this zone.
According to a further advantageous embodiment, it can be provided that the weft thread of at least one of the sections has a different strength than the weft thread of at least one other of the sections. A further increase in the void volume of the clothing can be achieved by a suitable choice of the material strength.
According to a further advantageous embodiment, the material of the weft threads of at least one of the segments can be different from the material of the weft threads of at least one other of the segments. In terms of material selection, the material of the weft threads can be changed in sections, as well as the material of the warp threads. The material of the warp threads is realized in particular by coating the warp threads in sections. Furthermore, the weft thread can also have a plurality of coating layers in sections, alternatively or additionally, which change the properties in sections.
Preferably, the partial section has three consecutive sections extending in succession from one another, viewed in the machine direction of the clothing, wherein a second section follows the first section and a third section follows the second section.
Advantageously, the total length of the first and third sections in the machine direction corresponds at least to the length of the second section in the machine direction, in particular over 0-5%, preferably 3%, of this length of the second section. Thus, the head-to-head (Sto β an Sto β) connections can be established in a reliable manner, overlapping or crossing each other.
With such a flat fabric, it is possible, for example, by the method according to the invention, to form a basic structure which is tubular and, when laid flat, is entirely multi-layered when viewed over its length, without combining a plurality of individual fabric layers having the same weave pattern, as in the prior art. The properties of the first and third sections can be selected in a targeted manner, differently from the properties of the second section, so that the known disturbing moire effects can be avoided. Furthermore, the production of such a basic structure can be carried out simply, quickly and at low cost.
According to a preferred alternative embodiment, the length of the first and third section is equal and less than 50cm, preferably less than 20cm, particularly preferably less than 5 cm. A connecting region is thereby achieved in which the first and third sections are placed on top of one another and subsequently positioned on top of one another in order to produce a continuous two-layer clothing in this way if the first and third sections are designed as a single layer and the second section as a double layer. Depending on the use, different lengths of the connecting region are advantageous. Thus, for example, some bonding methods require a longer or shorter attachment area than others. In particular, a shorter connecting area may be advantageous when thereby only a smaller part of the clothing is subjected to stresses due to the joining method.
The different lengths of the connection zones make it possible to use different joining methods which enable different protections.
Advantageously, the characteristics of the first and third sections are the same. With regard to the multi-layered design of the clothing, it is reasonable that the sections which together form the thinner machine-side layer are identical.
Preferably, at least one characteristic of the second section may be different from that of the first and third sections. One or more of the properties are selected here, for example, such that the void volume of the second section is greater than the void volumes of the other two sections, so that the water absorption capacity of the entire clothing is increased in a simple manner.
Furthermore, advantageously, the method according to the invention can comprise in a further step the removal of the weft thread in order to construct a seam loop and additionally can also comprise the introduction of a stabilizing seam. The joint ring can thus be constructed in a simple manner without additional connecting sections. The introduction of a stable seam can very effectively prevent adjacent weft threads from moving into the seam loop and can lock the seam loop before the pintle thread is inserted. In addition, this makes it possible to stabilize the multi-layer, tubular composite after being rolled up, so that slippage of the layers toward one another can be avoided.
According to an advantageous embodiment variant of the invention, it can be provided that the method alternatively comprises a method step of turning up at any point in the second section, wherein the first and third sections are placed on top of each other and coincide with each other and in particular subsequently connect the first and third sections to each other, wherein the first and third sections are woven in a single layer and the second section is woven in a double layer. An advantage of this embodiment is that the entire clothing can thus be constructed in a simple manner as a continuous double layer and be endless without costly and cumbersome process steps.
In a preferred embodiment variant of the method according to the invention, it can be provided that the connection is made by gluing, ultrasonic welding or laser welding. Such a connection is characterized by a high load-bearing capacity and reliability without impairing the permeability or water absorption capacity of the clothing in this area.
The invention is described in detail below without loss of generality in connection with the accompanying drawings. In the drawings:
figure 1 shows an embodiment of a flat fabric for making a clothing according to the invention in an extremely simplified view,
figure 2 shows a longer section of the flat fabric in a likewise extremely simplified view,
fig. 3 shows, in an extremely simplified side view, a clothing according to an aspect of the invention, and
fig. 4 shows an embodiment of a clothing according to a further aspect of the invention in an extremely simplified side view.
In machines for producing or refining fibrous webs, for example paper, cardboard or tissue webs, clothing is used in different positions. In the forming section of the paper sheet formation, the requirements with regard to the desired orientation of the fibers and effective dewatering are preferably taken into account here, while in the press section on the one hand additional water should be removed and on the other hand the fibrous web should be pre-smoothed. Finally, the dry weight content of the fibrous web is further increased in the drying section. Accordingly, different requirements are put on the clothing in different locations.
In a press section, where a clothing as described below is applied, mechanical pressure is applied by a roller to the fibrous web and to the clothing carrying the fibrous web. Furthermore, water is drawn away from the fibrous web due to the air and water flow through the fibrous web and the clothing caused by the application of the negative pressure suction. Furthermore, the clothing is under tension during operation, which generates additional mechanical stress. The corresponding mechanical and hydraulic loads and the need for a uniformly pre-smoothed and already as dewatered as possible fibrous web place high demands on the clothing.
In order to avoid the above-mentioned ease of marking of the seam, it is known to manufacture a clothing in an endless weaving machine. However, this is a very complex and therefore expensive production format which, in addition, limits the width of the length which can be produced. Flat woven structures that are rendered endless by sewing are generally accepted for easier manufacture and more flexible dimensions than endless woven clothing.
In an extended design of the previously known design, the clothing with a simple weaving pattern is produced quickly and advantageously as a flat fabric, and the function and the seam of the flat fabric are achieved by folding and endless-loop formation of the flat fabric by subsequent method steps, it being proposed that the flat fabric is produced such that the sections which occur continuously in the machine direction are designed to have different properties already at the time of production.
Fig. 1 shows a partial section of a flat fabric 1 for producing a clothing 2 in a greatly simplified manner. The flat fabric 1 can be produced in any desired width B, which can be adapted to different widths of the paper machine. It is not uncommon today to reach a working width of 11 m. The flat fabric 1 is produced with a sufficient width on a corresponding, likewise known weaving machine. Here, the width B is determined by the number of warp yarns 3 arranged side by side in the weaving machine. The warp threads 3 form a load-bearing, machine-direction-oriented structure in the subsequent clothing 2. The warp threads 3 cross weft threads which are not further shown in figure 1 for the sake of clarity, which are introduced at an angle of approximately 90 ° to the direction of the warp threads 3 and the warp threads 3 are shuttled alternately up and down in a predetermined pattern. A detailed description of the process of manufacturing such a flat fabric 1, for example in a plain, twill or satin weave, can be omitted here, since corresponding methods have been known for a long time. The length L of the flat fabric 1 can be designed arbitrarily and is limited only by the length of the warp threads 3. The flat web 1 can be wound up in the form of a roll web 1 and subsequently be available for further processing. However, the flat fabric 1 can also be cut to length directly after leaving the weaving machine and immediately transferred to the next processing step without being wound up.
As can be seen from fig. 1, the flat fabric 1 according to the invention has a plurality of sections, which have, for example, different numbers of layers or different properties in the plurality of sections. Thus, there is a single layer of fabric in the first section 4a, a double layer of fabric in the second section 4b connected to the first section 4a, and a single layer of fabric in the third section 4c connected to the second section 4 b. The weaving pattern of the first section 4a and the third section 4c may in particular be identical, depending on the design and the requirements, respectively, of the clothing 2 to be produced later by endless-loop.
Furthermore, not only the number of layers of the flat fabric 1 but also further properties of the clothing 2, which in particular influence the water absorption capacity of the clothing 2, can also be designed differently in a plurality of sections. Thus, in addition to the alternation of the number of fabric layers, the weave pattern of each section may also be designed differently. In the exemplary embodiment of the invention shown in fig. 1, in the second section 4b, the flat fabric 1 is constructed as a double layer. The main weave pattern, i.e. the sequence of the crossings between warp threads 3 and weft threads, can be identical or different, wherein the main weave pattern is preferably always identical in the sections 4a and 4 c.
A further possibility is to vary the material used in sections. Here, material can be both the main material of the yarn and a coating of the warp and/or weft. Thus, for example, it is possible to keep the warp threads 3 the same over the entire length of the flat fabric 1, while it is possible to use different materials for the weft threads in the different sections 4a, 4b and 4 c. All materials which are customary in the production of paper machine clothing or other technical fabrics, such as PA 6, PA 6.6, PA 6.12, PET, PPS, PBT, PE, PP, etc., or mixtures and combinations thereof, can be considered as materials. Thus, in the production of the flat fabric 1, a first material can be used for the weft threads in the first section 4a, a second material which is different from the material of the first section 4a in the second section 4b, and a further material which is different from the material of the second section 4b in the third section 4 c. The material of the first section 4a and the third section 4c is preferably identical. It is also conceivable to provide the warp threads 3 in the region of the second portion 4b with a coating and to make all other properties the same. Alternatively or additionally, the weft yarns may be coated. For example, hydrophobic, hydrophilic or dirt-repellent coatings may be provided, which may be selected as desired.
It is also conceivable to vary the thickness of the weft yarns in the individual sections such that weft yarns having a first thickness are used in the first and third sections 4a, 4c, while weft yarns of a second thickness, different from the first thickness, are provided in the second section 4 b. The thickness of the weft threads in the second section 4b can in particular be greater than the thickness of the weft threads in the other sections 4b, 4 c. In addition, the twisted or twisted weft yarns are woven from a plurality of individual yarns, braided products or other suitable textile structures.
The above measures can be combined arbitrarily in order to achieve a further enhancement of the changed properties of the individual segments.
Fig. 2 shows a partial section of the flat fabric 1 in a similar manner to fig. 1. Fig. 2 now shows a plurality of segment sequences 4a, 4b and 4c shown in fig. 1. This is useful for a better understanding of the manufacture of the clothing 2 from the flat fabric 1 as described in detail below.
When viewing fig. 2 from left to right, sections with different properties are connected one after the other, wherein the weave pattern, the number of layers, etc. can be varied as described above. Initially, a section 4a is shown, which section 4a is followed by a first double-layer section 4 b. The double-layered section 4b is connected to a section 4c, which section 4c simultaneously forms the section 4a in the leading position with respect to the next second section 4 b. Such a sequence is repeated over the entire length of the flat web 1.
The length of the sequence of sections 4a, 4b, 4c is determined by the length of the subsequent clothing 2, as explained in detail below. It goes without saying here that it is possible to weave a sequence of sections 4a, 4b, 4c in a certain length for a first clothing 2 and to produce a next sequence of sections 4a, 4b, 4c in a further length, which sequence of sections 4a, 4b, 4c is suitable for a second clothing 2 of a different length than the first clothing 2.
In fig. 2, which has already been shown before fig. 3, the flat fabric 1 is cut along a cutting line 5 into clothing 2 for further processing. This results in partial segments each comprising a segment sequence 4a, 4b, 4c, wherein, according to the first embodiment, the length in the machine direction is to be designed such that the segments 4a and 4c are at least as long as the segment 4b in total. A certain overlap may also be provided so that the length of the sections 4a and 4c together exceeds the length of the section 4b by 0-5%, preferably by about 3%, so that the connection can be achieved by end-to-end or overlapping or crossing the ends of the warp yarns 3.
As can be understood with reference to fig. 3, in fig. 3 an extremely simplified side view of a clothing 2 is shown, which clothing 2 is made of the flat fabric 1 shown in fig. 1 and 2.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 3, the clothing 2 consists of a partial section of the flat fabric 1 which has been separated from the flat fabric 1 along a cutting line 5. There is therefore a partial section comprising a first section 4a with a first weave pattern, a first number of layers, etc., to which first section 4a second section 4b with a second weave pattern, a second number of layers, etc. is connected, and which second section 4b is followed by a third section 4c with a third pattern, a third number of layers, etc. Here, the weave pattern, the number of layers, and the like of the third section 4c correspond to the weave pattern, the number of layers, and the like of the first section 4 a.
At this point, partial sections of the flat web 1 are turned over at the transition points 6, the transition points 6 forming the transition between the first section 4a and the second section 4b and the third section 4 c. In this case, the sections 4a and 4c are laid on the section 4 b. The ends 7 of the sections 4a and 4c are at least in contact with each other or overlap each other by a fraction, as mentioned above. These ends 7 are joined to one another head-to-head or overlapping by means of a suitable joining process, for example ultrasonic welding or laser welding, or other joining processes which may be known per se and are suitable for this, for example gluing.
This results in a structure which is tubular and, when laid flat, is entirely multi-layered when viewed over its length, without the individual textile layers having the same weave pattern being combined as in the prior art, so that, on the one hand, the known disturbing moir é effect can be avoided and, on the other hand, the production of the clothing 2 can be significantly simplified. The end 7 of the flat fabric 1 is preferably not located centrally, but rather below the section 4b, so as to be displaced toward one of the overlap positions 6, and since the end 7 during operation bears against the roll and not against the fibrous web on the paper machine, the end 7 is covered by the section 4b, thereby reducing the marking ease of the seam formed on the end 7. Finally, the multi-layer nature of the section 4b combined in the sections 4a, 4c lying therebelow can be very effective in increasing the liquid absorption capacity, also referred to as void volume, of the clothing 2.
The structure can be processed further so that seaming loops 8 are produced on its end oriented in the machine direction. For this purpose, the individual weft threads at the transition points 6 are pulled out of the fabric until seam loops 8 are produced, which seam loops 8 can be interlaced with one another and connected by means of a pintle thread in order to produce the finished clothing 2 in this way. A stabilizing seam 9 can be provided in the region of the seam loop 8, which stabilizing seam 9 ensures that the nearest weft thread directly adjoining the seam loop 8 does not move into the seam loop 8 and thus prevents or blocks the introduction of a pintle thread for endlessly ending the clothing 2. Furthermore, the clothing 2 is stabilized as a whole by the stabilizing seam 9, so that the tubular structure can no longer slip. In locations where less tensile stress is applied to the clothing 2, for example in the area of tissue production, it is possible by introducing a stabilizing seam 9 that even the joining of the end portions 7 can be dispensed with, which in turn reduces the ease of marking and the production outlay.
From this point on, an at least double-layer structure is produced in a simple manner from endless flat fabric 1 by means of few production steps, which can be rendered endless by the introduction of a pintle wire. Thus, the clothing 2 can be pulled into any machine in a simple manner without the need for cantilever beam members.
Here, another embodiment of the clothing 2 according to the invention is described with reference to fig. 4. Like parts are provided with the same reference numerals as in the above embodiments. And therefore, a repetitive description of known components may be omitted. Fig. 4 shows a greatly simplified side view of a clothing 2 according to the invention, wherein the warp threads are not shown for the sake of greater clarity and better illustration, and the weft threads are generally designated 10 here and are shown in a side view or a cut-away view in the illustration according to fig. 4.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 4, the sections of the flat fabric 1 are distributed differently with respect to their size than in the above-described embodiment. The sections 4a and 4c are limited in this case to the region of the end 7 of the flat web 1, the end 7 then merging and possibly being joined. If, as shown in fig. 4 in a greatly simplified manner, the region 4b is designed as a double layer and the adjacent shorter regions 4a and 4c as a single layer, the double-layer fabric is also formed there by the overlapping of the regions 4a and 4c, so that the resulting connecting region 11 is almost identical in terms of its properties to the rest of the clothing 2. This embodiment is therefore a special case of the general principle outlined above. In this case, in particular, the two end portions 7 can be brought into register by simply placing them on top of one another and then connected, for example by gluing or welding. By suitably selecting the length of the end portion 7, as seen in the machine direction, it is possible to distribute the load over a relatively large area which requires only less glue or other agents, such as laser or ultrasound, so that the characteristic configuration in the seam area is almost identical to the rest of the clothing. This is advantageous in terms of reduced ease of marking and the improved quality of the fibrous web obtained thereby. The length of the connecting region 11 can be, for example, 50cm, preferably 20cm, particularly preferably 5 cm. If a stabilizing seam 9 is provided as described above, in this embodiment, if appropriate, the connection can also be omitted and the individual layer sections 4a, 4c merely overlap one another.
Furthermore, the production of the seam loops 8 can take place as described above, but the transition points 6 between the sections need not be taken into account here. After laying the flat fabric 1 on itself and connecting the ends 7 of the flat fabric 1 in the connecting region 11, the weft threads 10 on the transverse edges of the clothing 2 produced by folding are simply pulled off and thus seam loops 8 are produced, which in turn can be interlaced with one another and connected by means of a pintle wire. The stabilizing seam 9 can also be introduced as mentioned above.
The clothing 2 according to the above-described exemplary embodiments can be provided with further functional layers or staple fiber/nonwoven layers in a known manner. The staple fiber/nonwoven layer is laid on the structure and fixed in the basic structure by means of the needling zone by passing the fibers of the staple fiber/nonwoven layer through the structure by means of barbed needles. Even better results, in particular with regard to less fiber loss during the fixing of the fibers, can be achieved here by avoiding the moire effect. Additional functional layers such as polyurethane films may also be coated on and attached to the structure. It is likewise possible to introduce further layers which may be designed, for example, in the form of woven or knitted fabrics or further fabric layers. In this case, the additional layer can be applied to the side of the clothing 2 facing the fibrous web, but it is also possible to insert the additional layer as an insert between the two layers of the flat fabric 1 before laying flat and to fix it between these two layers in a fixing process, for example needling, gluing or welding.
The invention is not limited to use with press felts herein. Such a clothing 2 may also be used at other locations in the paper machine.
Claims (18)
1. Clothing (2) for use in a machine for the production and/or refining of paper webs, the clothing (2) comprising a basic structure designed as a length of flat fabric (1), the flat fabric (1) being composed of warp (3) and weft (10) yarns crossing each other, wherein the length of flat fabric (1) has a plurality of sections (4a, 4b, 4c), which sections (4a, 4b, 4c) are constructed in one piece with each other, and wherein at least one property of one section of the plurality of sections (4a, 4b, 4c) differs from the corresponding property of at least one adjacent section (4a, 4b, 4c), characterized in that the length of flat fabric (1) has three consecutive sections (4a, 4b, 4c), which three consecutive sections (4a, 4b, 4c), 4c) Seen in the machine direction of the clothing (2), a second section (4b) follows the first section (4a) and a third section (4c) follows the second section (4b), wherein the first section (4a) and the third section (4c) have the same length, wherein the first section (4a) and the third section (4c) are woven in a single layer and the second section (4b) is woven in a double layer, and wherein the first section (4a) and the third section (4c) are arranged in an overlapping manner such that the finished clothing (2) is constructed overall in two layers.
2. The clothing according to claim 1, wherein said at least one characteristic is selected from the group consisting of: the weaving pattern, the number of woven layers, the material of the weft (10) and/or of the warp (3), the material strength of the weft (10), the thickness of the weft (10).
3. Blanket (2) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the weft yarns (10) of at least one of the plurality of sections (4a, 4b, 4c) have a different strength than the weft yarns (10) of at least one further section of the plurality of sections (4a, 4b, 4 c).
4. Blanket (2) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the material of the weft yarns (10) of at least one of the plurality of sections (4a, 4b, 4c) is different from the material of the weft yarns (10) of at least one further section of the plurality of sections (4a, 4b, 4 c).
5. Blanket (2) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the total length of the first and third sections (4a, 4c) in the machine direction corresponds to the length of the second section (4b) in the machine direction.
6. The clothing (2) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first and third sections (4a, 4c) are equal in length and less than 50cm, wherein the first and third sections (4a, 4c) are woven in a single layer and the second section (4b) is woven in a double layer, and wherein the first and third sections (4a, 4c) are arranged overlapping, such that the finished clothing (2) is constructed as a double layer as a whole.
7. The clothing (2) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first section (4a) and the third section (4c) have the same properties.
8. The clothing (2) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein at least one property of the second section (4b) is different from the property of the first and third sections (4a, 4 c).
9. The clothing according to claim 1, wherein the paper web is a cardboard or tissue web.
10. Blanket (2) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the total length in the machine direction of the first and third sections (4a, 4c) exceeds the length in the machine direction of the second section (4b) by 0-5%.
11. Blanket (2) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the total length of the first and third sections (4a, 4c) in the machine direction exceeds 3% of the length of the second section (4b) in the machine direction.
12. Blanket (2) according to claim 6, wherein the length of the first and third sections (4a, 4c) is less than 20 cm.
13. Blanket (2) according to claim 6, wherein the length of the first and third sections (4a, 4c) is less than 5 cm.
14. A method for manufacturing a clothing (2) according to one of the claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
i) producing a flat fabric (1) by weaving a sequence of sections (4a, 4b, 4c), wherein the first and third sections (4a, 4c) are woven in a single layer and the second section (4b) is woven in a double layer;
ii) cutting to length a partial section of the flat fabric (1) comprising three sections (4a, 4b, 4 c);
iii) rolling up the partial section along a transition location (6) within the second section (4 b);
iv) superimposing the first and third sections (4a, 4c) on each other and coinciding the first and third sections (4a, 4 c);
v) laying the turned-up portion of the flat fabric (1) on itself;
vi) connecting the ends (7) of the partial segments.
15. The method according to claim 14, wherein the joining is performed by gluing, ultrasonic welding or laser welding.
16. Method according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that the weft thread (10) at the transition point (6) is removed after the end (7) of the connecting partial section in order to construct the seaming loop (8).
17. Method according to claim 16, characterized in that the stabilizing seam (9) is introduced after the weft thread (10) has been removed.
18. A method according to claim 14, wherein the first and third sections (4a, 4c) are interconnected in step iv) of the method.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
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DE102016111769.2 | 2016-06-28 | ||
DE102016111769.2A DE102016111769A1 (en) | 2016-06-28 | 2016-06-28 | Fabric for a machine for producing a fiber web and method for producing such a fabric |
PCT/EP2017/062974 WO2018001668A1 (en) | 2016-06-28 | 2017-05-30 | Covering for a machine for producing a fibrous web and method for producing a covering of this type |
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CN109477299A CN109477299A (en) | 2019-03-15 |
CN109477299B true CN109477299B (en) | 2021-02-19 |
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CN201780045080.4A Active CN109477299B (en) | 2016-06-28 | 2017-05-30 | Clothing for a machine for producing a fibrous material web and method for producing the clothing |
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US (1) | US11072889B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3475481B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN109477299B (en) |
DE (2) | DE102016111769A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2018001668A1 (en) |
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DE102019121485B3 (en) | 2019-08-09 | 2020-08-06 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Covering |
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US4460023A (en) * | 1980-10-16 | 1984-07-17 | Huyck Corporation | Method of making dryer fabric having zones of different permeability |
US4649964A (en) * | 1984-09-24 | 1987-03-17 | Wangner Systems Corp. | Paper making fabric having a reduced permeability profile |
Family Cites Families (11)
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DE621880C (en) * | 1935-11-14 | N Gerber S Co M B H Dr | Filter cloth tape to be used in paragraphs | |
US2672169A (en) * | 1951-04-25 | 1954-03-16 | Walters Gustav | Woven endless belt |
GB8814436D0 (en) * | 1988-06-17 | 1988-07-20 | Scapa Group Plc | Papermachine clothing |
US7101599B2 (en) * | 2002-05-06 | 2006-09-05 | Albany International Corp. | Method to increase bond strength and minimize non-uniformities of woven two-layer multiaxial fabrics and fabric produced according to same |
FI113674B (en) | 2002-12-18 | 2004-05-31 | Tamfelt Oyj Abp | Press felt |
DE102006058366A1 (en) * | 2006-12-08 | 2008-06-12 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Fabric tape for a machine for producing web material, in particular paper or cardboard |
US7892402B2 (en) * | 2007-10-05 | 2011-02-22 | Albany International Corp. | Flat woven full width on-machine-seamable fabric |
DE102007049722A1 (en) * | 2007-10-16 | 2009-04-23 | Heimbach Gmbh & Co. Kg | Conveyor belt for the transport of chunky goods and process for its production |
US8043477B2 (en) * | 2008-02-25 | 2011-10-25 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Belt and method of making a belt for a paper making machine |
US8353252B1 (en) | 2011-12-05 | 2013-01-15 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Process for preparing a seam area for a PMC base fabric |
US9011645B2 (en) * | 2012-09-07 | 2015-04-21 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Method for preparing a seam area for a PMC base fabric |
-
2016
- 2016-06-28 DE DE102016111769.2A patent/DE102016111769A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2016-06-28 DE DE202016008587.6U patent/DE202016008587U1/en active Active
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- 2017-05-30 CN CN201780045080.4A patent/CN109477299B/en active Active
- 2017-05-30 EP EP17732758.2A patent/EP3475481B1/en active Active
- 2017-05-30 US US16/313,943 patent/US11072889B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4460023A (en) * | 1980-10-16 | 1984-07-17 | Huyck Corporation | Method of making dryer fabric having zones of different permeability |
US4649964A (en) * | 1984-09-24 | 1987-03-17 | Wangner Systems Corp. | Paper making fabric having a reduced permeability profile |
Also Published As
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US11072889B2 (en) | 2021-07-27 |
EP3475481A1 (en) | 2019-05-01 |
US20190194869A1 (en) | 2019-06-27 |
DE202016008587U1 (en) | 2018-07-17 |
EP3475481B1 (en) | 2021-03-31 |
WO2018001668A1 (en) | 2018-01-04 |
CN109477299A (en) | 2019-03-15 |
DE102016111769A1 (en) | 2017-12-28 |
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