CN109474957A - A kind of data unloading method connect based on cognition Pico cell and double-strand - Google Patents
A kind of data unloading method connect based on cognition Pico cell and double-strand Download PDFInfo
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- CN109474957A CN109474957A CN201811199922.4A CN201811199922A CN109474957A CN 109474957 A CN109474957 A CN 109474957A CN 201811199922 A CN201811199922 A CN 201811199922A CN 109474957 A CN109474957 A CN 109474957A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
- H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
- H04W28/0289—Congestion control
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- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
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Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of data unloading method connect based on cognition Pico cell and double-strand, this method is in heterogeneous network, when macrocell user terminal enters cognition micromicro honeycomb base station communication range, macrocell base stations and cognition micromicro honeycomb base station are connected while macrocell user terminal, and using the data unloading method by part or all of load shedding to recognizing micromicro honeycomb base station；Constraint condition is arranged to maximize the total data rate for recognizing Pico cell user terminal as target problem Construct question model in this method, by Solve problems, obtains the design parameter of load shedding.It is low with utilization rate to solve the problems, such as that cognition wireless network technology solution frequency spectrum lacks, improves user service data rate.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to wireless communication fields, and in particular to a kind of load shedding connect based on cognition Pico cell and double-strand
Method, this method can use surplus resources while guaranteeing macrocell user terminal service quality to recognize pico- bee
Nest subscriber terminal service.
Background technique
With becoming increasingly popular for mobile terminal device, mobile subscriber is needed by the business that intelligent terminal accesses Internet service
Rapid growth is sought, the pressure of macrocellular network is considerably increased.Therefore macrocellular network operator can be by disposing pico- bee
Nest network unloads the customer traffic in macrocellular network, it is contemplated that other network operators have deployed micromicro honeycomb base station
Resource, and the cost of macrocellular network operator oneself deployment pico cellular network is relatively high.Macrocellular network operator can
To rent the deployed pico cellular network of other network operators.However, other network operator's (pico cellular network fortune
Seek quotient) it will not freely borrowing resource be used to macrocellular network operator.But since frequency spectrum resource is a kind of limited nature money
Source and only just can be used by government authorization, and traditional access control rule limit potential user utilize frequency spectrum into
Row access, limits the raising of the availability of frequency spectrum.Therefore macrocellular network operator can use its authorization frequency spectrum money possessed
Source makes optimization to traditional access control rule, improves the availability of frequency spectrum, i.e., macrocellular network operator is by allowing other
Network operator (pico cellular network operator) exchanges the pico- bee of cognition for using the frequency spectrum resource of macrocellular network operator
Nest base station provides load shedding service for macrocellular network, and other network operators (pico cellular network operator) can
Guarantee the service quality of the user of macrocellular network operator.
This paper presents a kind of data unloading methods connect based on cognition Pico cell and double-strand.When macrocell user terminal
When being moved near cognition micromicro honeycomb base station, macrocell base stations and cognition micromicro honeycomb base station can be connected simultaneously.Macrocellular
User terminal can be unloaded to data portion on cognition micromicro honeycomb base station, especially when macrocellular network pressure is bigger,
Macrocell user terminal can be all load sheddings to recognizing on micromicro honeycomb base station, to alleviate macrocellular network
Pressure.Micromicro honeycomb base station is recognized after meeting the needs of macrocell user terminal, so that it may which macrocell base stations are remaining
Frequency spectrum and time resource are used for the communication of Pico cell user terminal.
Summary of the invention
Mesh of the present invention: the technology that ever-increasing data traffic demand is unable to satisfy to solve traditional macrocellular network is asked
Topic, the present invention solve the problems, such as that frequency spectrum shortage is low with utilization rate by cognition wireless network technology, improve user service data
Rate.The method through the invention, macrocell user terminal can be unloaded to data portion cognition by double-strand connection technology
On micromicro honeycomb base station, especially when macrocellular network pressure is bigger, macrocell user terminal can unload all data
It is downloaded on cognition micromicro honeycomb base station；Micromicro honeycomb base station is recognized under the premise of meeting macrocell user terminal service quality,
It can use remaining time and frequency resource carry out service awareness micromicro honeycomb base station user terminal.The present invention not only solves macro bee
The problem of nest network congestion, can also utilize macrocellular network remaining time and frequency spectrum resource service awareness Pico cell user
Terminal.
Summary of the invention: to achieve the above object, the present invention proposes a kind of data connect based on cognition Pico cell and double-strand
Discharging method, this method are used in heterogeneous network, when macrocell user terminal enters cognition micromicro honeycomb base station communication range,
Macrocell base stations and cognition micromicro honeycomb base station are connected while macrocell user terminal, and will using the data unloading method
Part or all of load shedding is to recognizing micromicro honeycomb base station；
The data unloading method comprising steps of
(1) being divided to data transmission total time T in heterogeneous network is two stages, a length of τ when shared by the first stage1, second
A length of τ when shared by the stage2, τ1Stage transmits for the data of macrocell user terminal, τ2Stage is for recognizing Pico cell user
The data of terminal are transmitted, τ1+τ2=T；
(2) to maximize the total data rate of cognition Pico cell user terminal as target problem Construct question model:
C1: τ1+τ2=T, τ1>=0, τ2>=0,
C5:Rp(τ1, pp)+Rps(τ1, pps)≥Rmin
Wherein, Rs(τ2, ps) indicate to recognize the total data rate of Pico cell user terminal, Rp(τ1, pp) indicate macrocellular
User terminal is sent to the total data rate of macrocell base stations, Rps(τ1, pps) indicate macrocell user terminal be unloaded to cognition it is micro-
The total data rate of microcell base station；C1 to C5 is constraint condition, Indicate macrocell user terminal m to macrocell base stations
The transmission power of data is sent,Indicate that macrocell user terminal m sends the transmitting function of data to cognition micromicro honeycomb base station
Rate,Indicate that cognition Pico cell user terminal k sends the transmission power of data to cognition micromicro honeycomb base station；M indicates macro bee
Nest user terminal sum, K indicate cognition Pico cell user terminal sum；Indicate cognition Pico cell user terminal k most
Big transmission power,Indicate the maximum power of macrocell user terminal, RminIndicate the minimum biography of macrocell user demanding terminal
Defeated rate；
(3) Solve problems model obtains the τ for meeting constraint condition C1 to C51、τ2、pp、pps、ps, according to τ1、τ2、pp、pps、
psCarry out load shedding.
Further, the Rs(τ2, ps)、Rp(τ1, pp)、Rps(τ1, pps) calculated by shannon formula:
Wherein, σ2Indicate Background Noise Power,Indicate cognition Pico cell user terminal k to cognition micromicro honeycomb base station
Channel gain,Indicate macrocell user terminal m to macrocell base stations channel gain,Indicate macrocell user terminal m
To the channel gain of cognition micromicro honeycomb base station.
Further, the method for the Solve problems model includes the steps that successively executing (3-1) to (3-4):
Convergence precision ε, ε > 0 is arranged in (3-1)；Initialize τ1=T1, τ2=T2, T1∈ (0, T), T2∈ (0, T)；
(3-2) is according to τ1、τ2Solve problems model, obtains pp、pps、ps；
The p that (3-3) obtains step (3-2)p、pps、psProblem model is substituted into, τ is obtained1、τ2；
The p that (3-4) obtains step (2)p、pps、psThe τ obtained with step (3)1、τ2Problem model is substituted into, is recognized
The total data rate R of Pico cell user terminals(τ2, ps)；Judge Rs(τ2, ps) convergence precision ε whether is converged to, if so,
Stop step (3-4), and exports current τ1、τ2、pp、pps、ps；Otherwise, return step (3-2).
Further, in the step (3-2), according to τ1、τ2Acquire pp、pps、psSpecific steps are as follows:
1) p is initializedp、ppsFor the arbitrary value for meeting constraint condition；Choose any oneAs optimized variable, initialization
psIn its dependent variable be the arbitrary value for meeting constraint condition；
2) by τ1、τ2、pp、pps、psProblem model is substituted into, is found outOptimal solution；
3) optimal solution found out is substituted into ps, from psIn do not find out in the variable of optimal solution and choose any oneAs
Optimized variable is initially eliminatedThe variable for not finding out optimal solution in addition is the arbitrary value for meeting constraint condition, return step 2)；
4) step 2) is repeated to 3), until psIn all variables all find out optimal solution, the p after output optimizations；
5) according to τ1、τ2The p acquired with step 4)sOptimize pp、pps, include the steps that successively executing (a) to (e):
(a) convergence precision ζ, ζ > 0 are set；Initialize ppsFor the arbitrary value for meeting constraint condition；
(b) according to formulaIt calculatesValue, obtain pp；
(c) according to τ1、τ2、psThe p obtained with step b)p, Solve problems model obtains pps；
(d) by τ1、τ2、ps、ppAnd ppsProblem model is substituted into, the total data rate of cognition Pico cell user terminal is obtained
Rs(τ2, ps)；Judge Rs(τ2, ps) whether ζ is converged to, if so, end step (d), exports ps、ppAnd pps；Otherwise, step is returned
Suddenly (b).
Further, according to p in described (3-3)p、pps、psCalculate τ1、τ2Formula be respectively as follows:
τ2=T- τ1。
The utility model has the advantages that compared with prior art, present invention has the advantage that
(1) proposed by the present invention based on cognition Pico cell and the data unloading method that connects of double-strand, it proposes a kind of new
Frequency spectrum resource Land use systems, macrocellular network operator are provided by allowing to recognize micromicro honeycomb base station operator using its frequency spectrum
Source provides load shedding service to exchange cognition micromicro honeycomb base station for as macrocellular network, to slow down macrocellular network
Data congestion.
(2) cognition micromicro honeycomb base station using the mode of macrocellular network frequency spectrum resource is taken based on macrocell user terminal
It is engaged in what quality requirement designed, macrocellular network can be promoted and recognizes the cooperation of pico cellular network, more efficiently ensure that
The service quality of macrocell user terminal.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is overall flow figure of the invention；
Fig. 2 is heterogeneous network illustraton of model of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
System model such as Fig. 2 that the data unloading method proposed by the present invention connect based on cognition Pico cell and double-strand is considered
It is shown.It is by a macrocell base stations, M macrocell user terminal and a cognition micromicro honeycomb base station, and K cognition is pico-
Cellular user terminal composition.
Above system Model Parameter is provided thatMacrocell user terminal m is respectively indicated to macrocellular base
Transmission power to cognition micromicro honeycomb base station of the transmission power stood, macrocell user terminal m, cognition Pico cell user terminal
Transmission power of the k to cognition micromicro honeycomb base station；Indicate the maximum transmission power of macrocell user terminal,Expression is recognized
Know the maximum transmission power of Pico cell user terminal.It enables Assuming that data transmission total time is T, T is divided into τ1, τ2Two stages, τ1Stage is used for macrocell user
The data of terminal are transmitted, τ2Stage is used to recognize the data transmission of Pico cell user terminal.When macrocell user terminal is mobile
When near to cognition micromicro honeycomb base station, it can be connected to macrocell base stations and cognition micromicro honeycomb base station simultaneously.Macrocellular is used
Family terminal can transmit data to macrocell base stations, can also be on load shedding to cognition micromicro honeycomb base station.If Rp(τ1,
pp) indicate that macrocell user terminal is sent to the total data rate of macrocell base stations, Rps(τ1, pps) indicate macrocell user terminal
It is unloaded to the total data rate of cognition micromicro honeycomb base station, Rs(τ2, ps) indicate that microcellulor user terminal is sent to cognition microcellulor
The total data rate of base station.In order to guarantee the service quality of macrocell user terminal, the overall transmission rate of macrocell user terminal
Rp(τ1, pp)+Rps(τ1, pps) it is greater than the minimum transmission rate R of macrocell user demanding terminalmin。
Wherein, Rp(τ1, pp), Rps(τ1, pps) and Rs(τ2ps) can all be found out according to shannon formula, Rp(τ1, pp), Rps(τ1,
pps) and Rs(τ2ps) expression formula is as follows:
On the basis of meeting the rate requirement of macrocell user terminal, the total of cognition Pico cell user terminal is maximized
Data rate, problem are as follows:
C1: τ1+τ2=T, τ1>=0, τ2>=0,
C5:Rp(τ1, pp)+Rps(τ1, pps)≥Rmin
Constraining C1 indicates macrocell user terminal and recognizes the overall transmission time of Pico cell user terminal to be T, constrains C2
It indicates that the transmission power of cognition Pico cell user terminal should be less than its maximum transmission power, constrains C3, C4 indicates macrocellular
Transmission power of the user terminal to macrocell base stationsWith macrocell user terminal to cognition micromicro honeycomb base station transmission powerThe sum of be less than the maximum power of macrocell user terminal, and both should be positive value.Constraining C5 indicates that macrocellular is used
The total data rate of family terminal is greater than the minimum R of rate requirementmin。
The overall flow such as Fig. 1 institute for the data unloading method connect based on cognition Pico cell and double-strand that the present invention designs
Show, comprising the following steps:
1) initialization macrocell user terminal and the transmission time of cognition Pico cell user terminal distribute τ1, τ2。
2) it gives macrocell user terminal and recognizes the transmission time distribution τ of Pico cell user terminal1, τ2It optimizes macro
The transmission power p of cellular user terminal and cognition Pico cell user terminalp, pps, ps, problem is as follows:
C5:Rp(τ1, pp)+Rps(τ1, pps)≥Rmin
Because of the transmission power p of objective function and cognition Pico cell user terminalsIt is related, and macrocell user terminal
Transmission power pp, ppsValue can be by constraining C6, C7, C8 obtain optimal value.So optimization is divided into two sub-steps,
The transmission power p of the optimization cognition Pico cell user terminal of sub-step ones, the transmitting of the optimization macrocell user terminal of sub-step two
Power pp, pps。
3) it gives macrocell user terminal and recognizes the transmission power p of Pico cell user terminalp, pps, psIn the case where,
It optimizes macrocell user terminal and recognizes the transmission time distribution τ of Pico cell user terminal1, τ2, problem is as follows:
C1: τ1+τ2=T, τ1>=0, τ2>=0,
C5:Rp(τ1, pp)+Rps(τ1, pps)≥Rmin
Recognize the total data rate R that Pico cell user terminal is sent to cognition micromicro honeycomb base stations(τ2, ps) can be by perfume (or spice)
Agriculture formula calculates, and is about τ2Increasing function.By Rp(τ1, pp)+Rps(τ1, pps)=Rmin, it can obtain:
WhereinIndicate macrocell user terminal to macrocell base stations channel gain,Indicate macrocell user terminal
To the channel gain of cognition micromicro honeycomb base station, σ2Indicate Background Noise Power.τ can be obtained according to constraint C1 again2=T- τ1。
4) p is distributed according to the transmission power acquired in step 2) and step 3)p, pps, psτ is distributed with transmission time1, τ2, meter
Calculate the total data rate of cognition Pico cell user terminal.If recognizing the overall transmission rate convergence of Pico cell user terminal,
Terminate to calculate；Otherwise step 2) and step 3) are repeated, until its convergence.
In above scheme, the detailed process of step 1) are as follows:
τ1, τ2τ is constrained meeting1+τ2=T, τ1>=0, τ2Under the premise of >=0, arbitrary value, such as τ can be initialized as1=τ2
=T/2.
In the scheme of the method for the present invention, one detailed process of sub-step of step 2) are as follows:
Given τ1, τ2, optimize ps.Target is to maximize Rs(τ2, ps), it can be found out by shannon formula.Using alternative optimization
Method, first fix in addition to transmission powerOther transmission power levels in addition optimize single variableThen successively excellent
Change each transmission power level, until psIn all variables all optimize and finish.Rs(τ2, ps) be aboutConvex function, Ke Yitong
Dichotomy is crossed to obtainOptimal solution.
In the scheme of the method for the present invention, two detailed process of sub-step of step 2) are as follows:
Given τ1, τ2, optimize pp, pps, make the total data rate R of macrocell user terminalp(τ1, pp)+Rps(τ1, pps) most
Greatly.Whole process is divided into two steps, and the first step gives ppsOptimize pp, target is to maximize Rp(τ1, pp), second step gives ppOptimization
pps, target is to maximize Rps(τ1, pps).Specific steps are as follows:
A) p is givenpsOptimize pp, target is to maximize Rp(τ1, pp), it can be calculated by shannon formula.Due to Rp(τ1,
pp) be aboutIncreasing function, soValue be
B) p is givenpOptimize pps, target is to maximize Rps(τ1, pps), it can be calculated by shannon formula.It is initial first
Change maximum transmission power of the macrocell user terminal to cognition micromicro honeycomb base station, calculation formula isThen
Calculated using the method for alternative optimization macrocell user terminal to cognition Pico cell transmission power, first fix in addition to
Except transmission power level optimize single variableThen successively optimize each amount, until iteration optimization restrains.Due to
Rps(τ1, pps) be aboutConvex function, obtained using dichotomyOptimal solution.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that: for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of data unloading method connect based on cognition Pico cell and double-strand, which is characterized in that this method is used for heterogeneous network
In network, when macrocell user terminal enters cognition micromicro honeycomb base station communication range, macrocell user terminal while, is connected
Macrocell base stations and cognition micromicro honeycomb base station, and extremely recognized part or all of load shedding using the data unloading method
Micromicro honeycomb base station；
The data unloading method comprising steps of
(1) being divided to data transmission total time T in heterogeneous network is two stages, a length of τ when shared by the first stage1, second stage institute
A length of τ when accounting for2, τ1Stage transmits for the data of macrocell user terminal, τ2Stage is for recognizing Pico cell user terminal
Data transmission, τ1+τ2=T；
(2) to maximize the total data rate of cognition Pico cell user terminal as target problem Construct question model:
C1: τ1+τ2=T, τ1>=0, τ2>=0,
C2:
C3:
C4:
C5:Rp(τ1, pp)+Rps(τ1, pps)≥Rmin
Wherein, Rs(τ2, ps) indicate to recognize the total data rate of Pico cell user terminal, Rp(τ1, pp) indicate macrocell user
Terminal is sent to the total data rate of macrocell base stations, Rps(τ1, pps) indicate that macrocell user terminal is unloaded to the pico- bee of cognition
The total data rate of nest base station；C1 to C5 is constraint condition, Indicate macrocell user terminal m to macrocell base stations
The transmission power of data is sent,Indicate that macrocell user terminal m sends the transmitting function of data to cognition micromicro honeycomb base station
Rate,Indicate that cognition Pico cell user terminal k sends the transmission power of data to cognition micromicro honeycomb base station；M indicates macro bee
Nest user terminal sum, K indicate cognition Pico cell user terminal sum；Indicate cognition Pico cell user terminal k most
Big transmission power,Indicate the maximum power of macrocell user terminal, RminIndicate the minimum biography of macrocell user demanding terminal
Defeated rate；
(3) Solve problems model obtains the τ for meeting constraint condition C1 to C51、τ2、pp、pps、ps, according to τ1、τ2、pp、pps、psInto
Row load shedding.
2. a kind of data unloading method connect based on cognition Pico cell and double-strand according to claim 1, feature are existed
In the Rs(τ2, ps)、Rp(τ1, pp)、Rps(τ1, pps) calculated by shannon formula:
Wherein, σ2Indicate Background Noise Power,Indicate cognition Pico cell user terminal k to the letter for recognizing micromicro honeycomb base station
Road gain,Indicate macrocell user terminal m to macrocell base stations channel gain,Indicate macrocell user terminal m to recognizing
Know the channel gain of micromicro honeycomb base station.
3. a kind of data unloading method connect based on cognition Pico cell and double-strand according to claim 2, feature are existed
In the method for the Solve problems model includes the steps that successively executing (3-1) to (3-4):
Convergence precision ε, ε > 0 is arranged in (3-1)；Initialize τ1=T1, τ2=T2, T1∈ (0, T), T2∈ (0, T)；
(3-2) is according to τ1、τ2Solve problems model, obtains pp、pps、ps；
The p that (3-3) obtains step (3-2)p、pps、psProblem model is substituted into, τ is obtained1、τ2；
The p that (3-4) obtains step (2)p、pps、psThe τ obtained with step (3)1、τ2Problem model is substituted into, it is pico- to obtain cognition
The total data rate R of cellular user terminals(τ2, ps)；Judge Rs(τ2, ps) convergence precision ε whether is converged to, if so, stopping
Step (3-4), and export current τ1、τ2、pp、pps、ps；Otherwise, return step (3-2).
4. a kind of data unloading method connect based on cognition Pico cell and double-strand according to claim 3, feature are existed
In in the step (3-2), according to τ1、τ2Acquire pp、pps、psSpecific steps are as follows:
1) p is initializedp、ppsFor the arbitrary value for meeting constraint condition；Choose any oneAs optimized variable, p is initializedsIn
Its dependent variable is the arbitrary value for meeting constraint condition；
2) by τ1、τ2、pp、pps、psProblem model is substituted into, is found outOptimal solution；
3) optimal solution found out is substituted into ps, from psIn do not find out in the variable of optimal solution and choose any oneAs optimization
Variable is initially eliminatedThe variable for not finding out optimal solution in addition is the arbitrary value for meeting constraint condition, return step 2)；
4) step 2) is repeated to 3), until psIn all variables all find out optimal solution, the p after output optimizations；
5) according to τ1、τ2The p acquired with step 4)sOptimize pp、pps, include the steps that successively executing (a) to (e):
(a) convergence precision ζ, ζ > 0 are set；Initialize ppsFor the arbitrary value for meeting constraint condition；
(b) according to formulaIt calculatesValue, obtain pp；
(c) according to τ1、τ2、psThe p obtained with step b)p, Solve problems model obtains pps；
(d) by τ1、τ2、ps、ppAnd ppsProblem model is substituted into, the total data rate R of cognition Pico cell user terminal is obtaineds(τ2,
ps)；Judge Rs(τ2, ps) whether ζ is converged to, if so, end step (d), exports ps、ppAnd pps；Otherwise, return step (b).
5. a kind of data unloading method connect based on cognition Pico cell and double-strand according to claim 4, feature are existed
According to p in (3-3)p、pps、psCalculate τ1、τ2Formula be respectively as follows:
τ2=T- τ1。
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