CN109474101A - Radial flux iron-core-free winding, preparation process and the magneto with the winding - Google Patents
Radial flux iron-core-free winding, preparation process and the magneto with the winding Download PDFInfo
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- CN109474101A CN109474101A CN201811435133.6A CN201811435133A CN109474101A CN 109474101 A CN109474101 A CN 109474101A CN 201811435133 A CN201811435133 A CN 201811435133A CN 109474101 A CN109474101 A CN 109474101A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K15/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
- H02K15/02—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines of stator or rotor bodies
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K15/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
- H02K15/04—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines of windings, prior to mounting into machines
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K16/00—Machines with more than one rotor or stator
- H02K16/04—Machines with one rotor and two stators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
- H02K21/14—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
- H02K21/22—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating around the armatures, e.g. flywheel magnetos
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Windings For Motors And Generators (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of radial flux iron-core-free windings, the conducting wire of shown winding is the band-like copper foil of the long edge motor radial direction in section, circumferentially 360 ° of direction arranged adjacents are to form concentratred winding structure for shown band-like copper foil, or circumferentially stacking arrangement in 360 ° of directions forms the winding construction of generally circular ring shape.Invention additionally discloses the preparation process of the radial flux iron-core-free winding and the magneto with the radial flux iron-core-free winding.Radial flux iron-core-free winding of the invention, the conducting wire of the winding is the band-like copper foil of the long edge motor radial direction in section, circumferentially the winding construction that arrangement forms generally circular ring shape is laminated in 360 ° of directions to neighbouring strip copper foil, copper section accounting in the radial flux iron-core-free winding construction inter-air space is up to 80%~90%, power of motor density is effectively promoted while guaranteeing system effectiveness, reduces motor weight.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to iron-core-free winding technique fields, more particularly, to a kind of radial flux iron-core-free winding, preparation
Technique and magneto with the winding.
Background technique
In recent years, due to the non-renewable and increasingly serious environmental problem of fossil energy, the research and development of electric car
By the attention of scholars and automobile vendor, the relevant technologies also achieve significant progress.Existing electric car mainly uses
Centralized driving system, i.e. driving motor are located at vehicle interior, output power to wheel by transmission system;It is on the other side to be
Motor, i.e., be directly mounted in wheel by In-wheel-motor driving system.Compared with conventional ADS driving mode, In-wheel-motor driving system has
Many-sided advantage: (1) structure is simple, eliminates complicated machine driven system, simplifies chassis structure, greatly increases interior sky
Between, promote riding comfort;(2) it is able to achieve the electric braking of vehicle, improves energy utilization rate;(3) each hub motor independently may be used
Control, can be improved vehicle turning flexibility, saves differential gear.Although hub motor drive system has many advantages, such as, still
Restrict its development there are some problems and be widely applied: (1) hub motor needs are mounted on space in wheel, the structure size of wheel hub
The suspension arrangement of the outer diameter that defines motor and automobile then limits its axial length, so that hub motor has need small in size
It asks;(2) hub motor is located in wheel, will increase the unsprung mass of automobile, influences riding comfort, the ride performance of automobile
It is thus very sensitive to motor quality with manipulation stability;(3) deceleration device is not present in the hub motor directly driven, and needs to export
Biggish torque, and motor is located in wheel hub, radiating condition is more severe.Therefore, the urgent need of hub motor field is a kind of light
Quantify the solution of high power density density.Compared to common radial flux motors structure, axial-flux electric machine has axial
The advantages that length is short, specific volume power density is high;For iron-core less motor because saving a large amount of core structures, stator weight is minimum, single
Position gravimetric power density has great advantage, and after removing tooth slot structure, rotor loss significantly reduces and without stator core loss,
Thus efficiency can be obviously improved;In conjunction with the two advantage, axial magnetic flux iron-core less motor can reach high power density and system
Efficiency has catered to the rigors of the specific type of electric machines applications such as hub motor, empennage of helicopter driving and naval vessels propulsion.
Currently, common birotor-intermediate stator axial magnetic flux iron-core less motor construction rotor is by magnet steel and rotor yoke piece
At magnet steel generallys use halbach array to reduce leakage field enhancing air-gap field, and rotor yoke is magnetically permeable according to demand to lead
Magnetic;Existing iron-core-free winding is usually by Litz line coiling, again by epoxy resin or other non-gold after the offline processing of stator winding
Belong to material encapsulating to be integrally formed.Compared with conventional motor, which is not present stator core construction, thus close power grade
Under, motor overall weight is significantly reduced.At the same time, without stator core as magnetic conduction path, magnetic force is needed across magnetic conductance
Rate is close to the copper product of air, and magnetic resistance is much larger than conventional motor, thus magnet steel demand significantly increases.On the one hand, actual electricity
Magnetic air gap need to count and winding thickness, for the considerations of reducing cost, weight, needs to reduce winding thickness;On the other hand, winding is thick
Degree reduction will increase resistance and electricity is close, and copper loss is brought to rise, and causes efficiency to decline and overheats risk, thus how improve in air gap
Copper section accounting becomes problem urgently to be resolved to reduce armature axial width.Furthermore the winding of iron-core less motor is exposed to
In alternating magnetic field, in addition to the direct current copper loss that conventional motor emphasis considers, the inhibition for exchanging copper loss is particularly important, many occasions
It is even greater than direct current copper loss down.
Summary of the invention
Aiming at the above defects or improvement requirements of the prior art, the present invention provides radial flux iron-core-free winding, preparation work
Skill and magneto with the winding, technical problems to be solved are: in lower air gap copper section, accounting causes larger
Direct current copper loss, and exchange copper loss and mutually restricted with direct current copper loss, thus axis of winding thickness can not be effectively reduced, biggish electromagnetism
Air gap significantly improves magnet steel dosage, hinders the further promotion of the power density of motor.
To achieve the goals above, according to one aspect of the present invention, a kind of radial flux iron-core-free winding is provided, it is shown
The conducting wire of winding be the long edge motor radial direction in section band-like copper foil, shown coil circumferentially 360 ° of direction arranged adjacents with shape
At concentratred winding structure, or circumferentially, 360 ° of direction stacking arrangements form the winding construction of generally circular ring shape.
Further, the winding includes meander coil and straight line coil, the straight line coil, and laid out in parallel is described curved
Cavity is sheathed on the straight line coil just between the live part of curve circle, on the live part after laid out in parallel.
Further, the meander coil include first end, the second end and be set to first end, the second end it
Between live part, and the first end, the second end upwarp certain distance relative to the live part, and are in the layout of same
In one plane.
Further, the distance is equal to the thickness of the straight line coil.
Further, wherein side is equipped with the first inclined-plane or cambered surface transition knot for the first end and live part junction
Structure corresponds to the other side and is equipped with the second inclined-plane or cambered surface transition structure.
Further, wherein side is equipped with third inclined-plane or cambered surface transition knot for the second end and live part junction
Structure, corresponding another side are equipped with the 4th inclined-plane or cambered surface transition structure.
Further, the straight line coil, structure are identical, wherein the straight line coil includes third end and the 4th end
Portion and the live part between the third end and the 4th end.
Other side according to the invention provides the preparation process of radial flux iron-core-free winding described in one kind, packet
Include following steps:
S1: copper sheet is cut into rectangular module;
S2: gained rectangular module in step S1 is pressed into the meander coil (100) shape using mold, according to collection
Middle method of winding can then save this step;
S3: using Precision Machinings modes such as wire cuttings, copper sheet is radially cut into similar band-like copper foil and is coaxially wound
Made of coil;
S4: coil installation, positioning, offline in stator yoke;
S5: welding winding connecting line and leading-out terminal;
S6: using the nonmetallic materials of epoxy resin or other high thermal conductivity coefficients, stator encapsulating is formed.
Other side according to the invention provides a kind of magneto, including internal rotor-external stator iron-free cored structure,
The stator includes the radial flux iron-core-free winding.
Further, the electric machine structure is inside and outside double-stator structure-center roller structure or external stator-internal rotor knot
Structure.
In general, through the invention it is contemplated above technical scheme is compared with the prior art, can obtain down and show
Beneficial effect:
(1) radial flux iron-core-free winding of the invention, the conducting wire of the winding are the band-like of the long edge motor radial direction in section
Copper foil, circumferentially the winding construction that arrangement forms generally circular ring shape, radial magnetic is laminated in 360 ° of directions to neighbouring strip copper foil
Copper section accounting in the logical iron-core-free winding construction inter-air space is effective while guaranteeing system effectiveness up to 80%~90%
Power of motor density is promoted, motor weight is reduced.
(2) radial flux iron-core-free winding of the invention, after straight line coil laid out in parallel, the live part of meander coil it
Between cavity be sheathed on the live part after straight line coil laid out in parallel just, to form circumferentially arrangement and thickness is identical
Circular ring shape winding construction.
(3) radial flux iron-core-free winding of the invention, first end, the second end upwarp centainly relative to live part
Highly, it and is in the layout of in same plane, this is highly preferred equal to straight line coil, thickness, so that it is guaranteed that straight line coil when arrangement
After laid out in parallel, cavity is sheathed on the live part after straight line coil laid out in parallel just between the live part of meander coil
On.
(4) radial flux iron-core-free winding of the invention, by the first inclined-plane or cambered surface transition structure and the second inclined-plane or
Cambered surface transition structure realizes that the matching of first end and third end is arranged, meanwhile, pass through third inclined-plane or cambered surface transition structure
With the 4th inclined-plane or cambered surface transition structure, realize that the matching of the second end and four ends is arranged, thus formed circumferentially arrange and
The identical circular ring shape winding construction of thickness.
(5) radial flux iron-core-free winding of the invention, it is parallel that band-like copper foil face and magnetic field penetrate direction, effectively separates
Eddy current path, it is suppressed that winding eddy current loss.
(6) preparation process of radial flux iron-core-free winding of the invention, winding cut to obtain, pass through using monolith copper sheet
Cutting accuracy is controlled, it can be achieved that close-packed arrays, inter-air space copper section accounting can reach between conductor under the premise of guaranteeing insulation
Even more than flat type copper wire coiling to promote the utilization rate of entire winding space, and then reduces resistance, promotes electric efficiency, subtract
Small machine weight.
(7) magneto with radial flux iron-core-free winding of the invention, using radial flux iron-core-free winding, gas
Copper section accounting in gap space effectively promotes power of motor density up to 80%~90% while guaranteeing system effectiveness,
Reduce motor weight.
(8) magneto with radial flux iron-core-free winding of the invention, electric machine structure be internal rotor-external stator,
Inside and outside double-stator structure-center roller structure or external stator-inner rotor core iron-core-free radial flux motors.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is radial flux of embodiment of the present invention iron-core-free winding construction schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the arrangement schematic diagram of meander coil and straight line coil in radial flux of embodiment of the present invention iron-core-free winding;
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of meander coil in radial flux of embodiment of the present invention iron-core-free winding;
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of straight line coil in radial flux of embodiment of the present invention iron-core-free winding;
Fig. 5 (a) is flat type copper wire structural schematic diagram in the prior art;
Fig. 5 (b) is the structural schematic diagram of Litz conducting wire in the prior art;
Fig. 5 (c) is the structural schematic diagram of radial flux of embodiment of the present invention iron-core-free winding;
Fig. 6 is the preparation technology flow chart of radial flux of embodiment of the present invention iron-core-free winding;
Fig. 7 is the permanent magnet motor structure schematic diagram that the embodiment of the present invention has radial flux iron-core-free winding;
Fig. 8 (a) is bimorph transducer-center roller permanent magnet motor structure inside and outside the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 8 (b) is outer rotor of the embodiment of the present invention-inner stator permanent magnet motor structure.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that described herein, specific examples are only used to explain the present invention, not
For limiting the present invention.As long as in addition, technical characteristic involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below that
Not constituting conflict between this can be combined with each other.
The prior art can not be obviously improved air gap copper section accounting, or be obviously improved air gap copper section accounting while draws
Enter biggish exchange copper loss.For disadvantage of the existing technology, the invention proposes a kind of height being made of sheet type conductor
The iron-core-free winding construction of copper section accounting is as shown in Figure 1.The conducting wire of the winding is the band-like copper of the long edge motor radial direction in section
Thin slice, circumferentially the winding construction that arrangement forms generally circular ring shape is laminated in 360 ° of directions to neighbouring strip copper foil.Wherein, coil
Arrangement can in a variety of forms, as long as forming the identical cirque structure of thickness after meeting adjacent windings arrangement.Such as
Fig. 2 show the arrangement schematic diagram of one of which radial flux iron-less core coil of the embodiment of the present invention.It uses two kinds of different knots
The coil of configuration formula includes meander coil 100, straight line coil 200,300.Wherein, the structure of meander coil 100 can be according to reality
Border Demand Design is different planform, and Fig. 3 gives the structure type of the one of embodiment of the present invention.As shown in figure 3,
Meander coil 100 includes first end 101, the second end 103 and having between first end 101, the second end 103
Imitate part 102.The structure of straight line coil 200,300 is identical, by taking straight line coil 200 as an example comprising third end 201 and the 4th
End 203, and the live part 202 between third end 201 and the 4th end 203.Wherein, first end 101,
Two ends 103 upwarp certain altitude preferably with respect to live part 102, and are in the layout of in same plane, this is highly preferred to be equal to
The thickness of straight line coil 200,300, so that it is guaranteed that when arranging as shown in Figure 2, after straight line coil 200,300 laid out in parallel, bending
Cavity is sheathed on the live part 202 after straight line coil 200,300 laid out in parallel just between the live part 102 of coil 100
On, to form circumferentially arrangement and the identical circular ring shape winding construction of thickness.As described in Figure 2, with traditional Litz line winding group
It compares, the copper section accounting in the radial flux iron-core-free winding construction inter-air space of the invention is being protected up to 80%~90%
Power of motor density is effectively promoted while demonstrate,proving system effectiveness, reduces motor weight.
Preferably, as shown in figure 3, the first end 101 of meander coil 100 and 102 junction of live part wherein side
Equipped with the first inclined-plane or cambered surface transition structure 1011, corresponds to the other side and be equipped with the second inclined-plane or cambered surface transition structure 1012.It is right
Answering the second end 103 and 102 junction of live part, wherein side is equipped with third inclined-plane or cambered surface transition structure 1031, corresponding another
One side is equipped with the 4th inclined-plane or cambered surface transition structure 1032.Pass through the first inclined-plane or cambered surface transition structure 1011 and the second inclined-plane
Or cambered surface transition structure 1012, realize that the matching of first end 101 and third end 201 is arranged, meanwhile, by third inclined-plane or
Cambered surface transition structure 1031 and the 4th inclined-plane or cambered surface transition structure 1032 realize the matching of the second end 103 and four ends 203
Arrangement, to form circumferentially arrangement and the identical circular ring shape winding construction of thickness.
It is illustrated in figure 5 the structural schematic diagram of flat type copper wire, Litz line and coil of the embodiment of the present invention in the prior art.Its
In, flat type copper wire coiling winding is used in Fig. 5 (a), copper section accounting is promoted obviously, and direct current copper loss is remarkably decreased, however iron-free
Core machine winding is exposed in the rotor field of alternation, and the biggish radial width of flat type copper wire causes high exchange copper loss, is caused
System effectiveness is less than 85%;To inhibit to exchange copper loss, many existing literatures use Litz line coiling armature, as shown in Fig. 5 (b),
But correspondingly copper section accounting can be decreased obviously, and inter-air space utilization rate is higher than routine Litz line scheme, but copper section accounting is still
So lower, less than 50%, direct current copper loss reaches twice of flat type copper wire scheme.To solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention proposes sheet types
Loop construction has effectively separated eddy current path, it is suppressed that winding vortex because to penetrate direction parallel for band-like copper foil face and magnetic field
Loss, effectively increases the copper section accounting in the inter-air space.
Further, the present invention also provides a kind of preparation process of radial flux iron-core-free winding, pass through the side of cutting
Formula, mentioned winding construction are made of current conducting path copper foil, and processing molding method is as follows:
Fig. 6 show the processing flow of copper sheet patterning method: (1) copper sheet being cut into diagram rectangular module;(2) it uses
Gained rectangular module in step (1) is pressed into diagram shape by mold, can then save this step according to concentratred winding method;
(3) using Precision Machinings modes such as wire cuttings, copper sheet is radially cut into line made of similar band-like copper foil is coaxially wound
Circle;(4) coil installation, positioning, offline in stator yoke;(5) winding connecting line and leading-out terminal are welded;(6) epoxy resin is used
Or the nonmetallic materials of other high thermal conductivity coefficients, stator encapsulating is formed.
As shown in fig. 6, this method winding cuts to obtain using monolith copper sheet, by controlling cutting accuracy, guaranteeing to insulate
Under the premise of, it can be achieved that close-packed arrays, inter-air space copper section accounting can reach even more than flat type copper wire coiling between conductor, thus
The utilization rate of entire winding space is promoted, and then reduces resistance, promotes electric efficiency, reduces motor weight.In addition, because of copper sheet edge
Radial cuts can control the width of every circle copper wire, that is, copper foil in the reasonable scope, so as to avoid larger exchange copper loss.It needs
Emphasize that mentioned processing method is the specific embodiment of sheet type iron-core-free winding, all similar structure windings are special at this
In sharp protection scope.
Further, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of magneto with radial flux iron-core-free winding, such as Fig. 7 institute
Show, which is internal rotor-external stator iron-core-free radial flux motors, but mentioned winding application is not limited only to the knot
Structure.Inside and outside double-stator structure-center roller structure as shown in Fig. 8 (a) and such as Fig. 8 (b) similar external stator-internal rotor knot
Structure is also in the scope of this patent.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it is not used to
The limitation present invention, any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should all include
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of radial flux iron-core-free winding, which is characterized in that the conducting wire of shown winding is that the long edge motor in section is radial
Band-like copper foil, circumferentially 360 ° of direction arranged adjacents are to form concentratred winding structure for shown band-like copper foil, or circumferentially
360 ° of direction stacking arrangements form the winding construction of generally circular ring shape.
2. a kind of radial flux iron-core-free winding according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the winding includes bending line
Circle (100) and straight line coil (200,300), straight line coil (200, the 300) laid out in parallel, the meander coil (100)
Cavity is sheathed on just on the live part after straight line coil (200, the 300) laid out in parallel between live part.
3. a kind of radial flux iron-core-free winding according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the meander coil
(100) include first end (101), the second end (103) and be set between first end (101), the second end (103)
Live part (102), and the first end (101), the second end (103) upwarp one relative to the live part (102)
Set a distance, and be in the layout of in same plane.
4. a kind of radial flux iron-core-free winding according to any one of claim 1-3, which is characterized in that the distance
Equal to the thickness of the straight line coil (200,300).
5. a kind of radial flux iron-core-free winding described in any one of -4 according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described first
Wherein side is equipped with the first inclined-plane or cambered surface transition structure (1011) for end (101) and live part (102) junction, corresponds to
The other side is equipped with the second inclined-plane or cambered surface transition structure (1012).
6. a kind of radial flux iron-core-free winding according to any one of claims 1-5, which is characterized in that described second
Wherein side is equipped with third inclined-plane or cambered surface transition structure (1031) for end (103) and live part (102) junction, corresponding another
One side is equipped with the 4th inclined-plane or cambered surface transition structure (1032).
7. a kind of radial flux iron-core-free winding according to claim 1 to 6, which is characterized in that the straight line
Coil (200,300) structure is identical, wherein the straight line coil (200) includes third end (201) and the 4th end (203)
And it is set to the live part (202) between the third end (201) and the 4th end (203).
8. a kind of preparation process of such as radial flux iron-core-free winding of any of claims 1-7, which is characterized in that
Include the following steps:
S1: copper sheet is cut into rectangular module;
S2: using mold by step S1 gained rectangular module be pressed into the meander coil (100) shape, according to concentrate around
Prescription rule can save this step;
S3: using Precision Machinings modes such as wire cuttings, copper sheet is radially cut into similar band-like copper foil and is coaxially wound
Coil;
S4: coil installation, positioning, offline in stator yoke;
S5: welding winding connecting line and leading-out terminal;
S6: using the nonmetallic materials of epoxy resin or other high thermal conductivity coefficients, stator encapsulating is formed.
9. a kind of magneto, including internal rotor-external stator iron-free cored structure, which is characterized in that the stator includes such as right
It is required that radial flux iron-core-free winding described in any one of 1-7.
10. a kind of magneto according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the electric machine structure is inside and outside bimorph transducer knot
Structure-center roller structure or external stator-inner rotor core.
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Cited By (4)
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CN110350741A (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2019-10-18 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of multiple stators multiple rotor electric machine system based on flexible PCB winding |
CN110492642A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2019-11-22 | 苏州阿福机器人有限公司 | Reduce the machine winding of copper loss |
CN110971099A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-04-07 | 江苏大学 | Stator coreless Halbach array bearingless permanent magnet synchronous motor |
CN112260491A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-01-22 | 武汉华大新型电机科技股份有限公司 | Method for manufacturing rotor of coreless linear motor |
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