CN109471178A

CN109471178A - A kind of earth electric field sensing system and its electrode method for embedding

Info

Publication number: CN109471178A
Application number: CN201811300373.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 卢永; 孙振强; 张敏; 单菡; 王佳; 徐年
Original assignee: JIANGSU PROV SEISMOLOGY BUREAU
Current assignee: JIANGSU PROV SEISMOLOGY BUREAU
Priority date: 2018-11-02
Filing date: 2018-11-02
Publication date: 2019-03-15
Anticipated expiration: 2038-11-02
Also published as: CN109471178B

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of earth electric field sensing system and its electrode method for embedding.Existing earth electric field signal long-distance transmission loss Weak Information.Public electrode of the present invention and north-south orientation electrode access the prime passive bandpass filters of a prime signal conditioning circuit, while the prime passive bandpass filters of another prime signal conditioning circuit are accessed with thing azimuthal electrodes；After earth electric field signal is passed to prime signal conditioning circuit, in prime signal conditioning circuit successively after the filtering of prime passive bandpass filters, the amplification of prime mixing instrument amplifier, the filtering of prime active band-pass filter and the conditioning of prime single-ended transfer difference circuit signal, differential signal exports the further signal condition into a corresponding rear class signal conditioning circuit.Front stage circuits of the present invention have the advantages that high input impedance, low noise, low imbalance using mixing instrument amplifier；Electrode method for embedding guarantees that electrode can be contacted with the good of soil media, the long-time stability of enhancing electrode work.

Description

A kind of earth electric field sensing system and its electrode method for embedding

Technical field

The present invention relates to geophysics electric field exploration engineering field more particularly to a kind of earth electric field sensing systems and its electricity Pole method for embedding.

Background technique

The earth electric field instrument that the country uses at present is mainly ZD9A type earth electric field instrument, electrode signal after center is collected, It directly is transmitted to recording room through cable without any signal processing, because electric field signal is small-signal, long distance transmission damage Faint useful information has been lost, the extraction of electric field information is unfavorable over the ground, if recording room distance center Rendezvous Point is too close, recording room personnel The interference such as activity and alternating current are also difficult to avoid that.

Summary of the invention

For techniques discussed above defect, it is an object of the invention to propose a kind of prime and rear class separate structure Earth electric field sensing system, prime part carry out signal condition to the high impedance weak voltage signals between electrode nearby, favorably In the long distance transmission of signal, signal-to-noise ratio is improved；The further signal of signal that prime part long distance transmission is carried out in rear class part Conditioning is suitble to that data are acquired and are handled.Another object of the present invention is to propose a kind of electrode method for embedding, guarantees electricity Pole can be contacted with the good of soil media, and the long-time stability of enhancing electrode work effectively improve Observation of The Geoelectric Field quality, have The electric jamming of effect shielding ambient enviroment, it is ensured that measure the accuracy of electric field signal.

A kind of earth electric field sensing system of the present invention, including prime signal conditioning circuit and rear class signal conditioning circuit；Before Grade signal conditioning circuit is placed on front end observation site, and rear class signal conditioning circuit is placed in sight chamber；The prime letter Number conditioning circuit includes prime passive bandpass filters, prime mixing instrument amplifier, prime active band-pass filter and prime Single-ended transfer difference circuit；The passive band logical of prime that public electrode and north-south orientation electrode access a prime signal conditioning circuit is filtered Wave device, while accessing with thing azimuthal electrodes the prime passive bandpass filters of another prime signal conditioning circuit；It is southern and northern Position electrode and public electrode or thing azimuthal electrodes and the earth electric field signal of public electrode detection are passed to prime signal conditioning circuit Afterwards, successively amplify through the filtering of prime passive bandpass filters, prime mixing instrument amplifier in prime signal conditioning circuit, is preceding After the filtering of grade active band-pass filter and the conditioning of prime single-ended transfer difference circuit signal, differential signal is exported to corresponding one In rear class signal conditioning circuit；The rear class signal conditioning circuit includes rear class passive bandpass filters, the amplification of rear class instrument Device, zeroing circuit, rear class Fliege trapper, rear class voltage follow and low-pass filter, rear class amplification and single-ended transfer difference electricity Road, A/D converter and controller；Rear class of the signal successively through rear class signal conditioning circuit of prime signal conditioning circuit output without Source band-pass filter, the amplification of rear class instrument amplifier, the filtering of rear class Fliege trapper, rear class voltage follow and low pass filtered Wave device is followed and is filtered, after rear class amplification and the conditioning of single-ended transfer difference circuit signal, and differential signal is exported to A/D converter, A/D Controller is transmitted to after converter analog-to-digital conversion；Controller calculates zeroing voltage value, and by control signal by zeroing circuit D/A converter generate zeroing voltage, output is to rear class instrument after the rear class voltage follower in the zeroed circuit of voltage that returns to zero The Voltage Reference foot of amplifier realizes the zeroing of rear class instrument amplifier.

The prime passive bandpass filters include two R2 of resistance, three R3 of resistance, five R5 of resistance, two C2 of capacitor, capacitor Three C3, five C5 of capacitor, one D1 of diode, six R6 of resistance, two D2 of diode, eight C8 of capacitor, six C6 of capacitor, common mode choke one T1,12 C12 of capacitor, 13 R13 of resistance, 15 R15 of resistance, 17 R17 of resistance, 13 C13 of capacitor, ten C10 of capacitor, two poles Three D3 of pipe, 14 R14 of resistance, 14 C14 of four D4 of diode, 15 C15 of capacitor and capacitor；Public electrode connects common mode choke one The input terminal E1- of T1 coil one, north-south orientation electrode or thing azimuthal electrodes connect the defeated of one T1 coil two of common mode choke Enter to hold E1+；The output end of a termination one T1 coil one of common mode choke of 12 C12 of capacitor, a termination of three C3 of capacitor is altogether The output end of one T1 coil two of mould choke coil；One end of two R2 of resistance is connect with one end of three R3 of resistance, other end ground connection；Electricity The other end for hindering three R3 is connect with the other end of three C3 of one end of five R5 of resistance and capacitor；The other end and capacitor five of five R5 of resistance One end of C5, the cathode of one D1 of diode, six R6 of resistance one end connected with the cathode of two D2 of diode；Five C5's of capacitor is another End ground connection；The anode of one D1 of diode is connect with one end of two C2 of capacitor, the other end ground connection of two C2 of capacitor；Two D2's of diode Anode is connect with one end of eight C8 of capacitor, the other end ground connection of eight C8 of capacitor；The other end of six R6 of resistance and the one of six C6 of capacitor End connection and output signal Signal+；The other end of six C6 of capacitor is grounded；One end of 17 R17 of resistance is grounded, the other end and electricity Hinder one end connection of 15 R15；The other end of 15 R15 of resistance is another with 12 C12's of one end and capacitor of 13 R13 of resistance One end connection；The other end and one end of 13 C13 of capacitor, the cathode of three D3 of diode, 14 R14 of resistance of 13 R13 of resistance One end connected with the cathode of four D4 of diode；The other end of 13 C13 of capacitor is grounded；Anode and the capacitor ten of three D3 of diode One end of C10 connects, the other end ground connection of ten C10 of capacitor；The other end of 14 R14 of resistance and one end of 14 C14 of capacitor connect Meet simultaneously output signal Signal-；The other end of 14 C14 of capacitor is grounded；The anode of four D4 of diode and the one of 15 C15 of capacitor End connection, the other end ground connection of 15 C15 of capacitor.

The prime mixing instrument amplifier includes one U1 of amplifier, one C1 of capacitor, one R1 of resistance, seven R7 of resistance, electricity Hinder 21 R21,16 C16 of capacitor, four U4 of amplifier, four R4 of resistance, 16 R16 of resistance, 25 R25 of resistance and amplification control One U2 of coremaking piece；The model of four U4 of one U1 of amplifier and amplifier is AD745JR-16；The pin 3 and capacitor of one U1 of amplifier One C1, one R1 of resistance are connected with one end of seven R7 of resistance；One end of four R4 of resistance and the pin 3 of amplification control one U2 of chip connect It connects, the model INA128U of amplification control one U2 of chip；The pin 12 and one C1 of capacitor, one R1 of resistance and electricity of one U1 of amplifier Hinder the other end connection of four R4；The pin 6 of one U1 of amplifier is connect with -6V power supply, the pin 13 and+6V power supply of one U1 of amplifier Connection；The pin 3 of the other end of seven R7 of resistance and four U4 of amplifier, 21 R21 of resistance 16 C16 of one end and capacitor one End connection；The other end of 21 R21 of resistance and the other end of 16 C16 of capacitor, the pin 12 and resistance ten of four U4 of amplifier One end of six R16 connects；The pin 13 of four U4 of amplifier is connect with+6V power supply, and the pin 6 and -6V power supply of four U4 of amplifier connects It connects；The other end of 16 R16 of resistance is connect with the pin 2 of amplification control one U2 of chip；One end of 25 R25 of resistance and amplification The pin 8 for controlling one U2 of chip connects, and the other end is connect with the pin 1 of amplification control one U2 of chip；Amplification control one U2 of chip Pin 5 be grounded, pin 7 connect with+6V power supply, and pin 4 is connect with -6V power supply, 6 output signal Signal1 of pin.Amplifier The pin 5 of four U4 of one U1 and amplifier connects the output signal anode and output signal cathode of prime passive bandpass filters respectively.

The prime active band-pass filter include nine C9 of capacitor, ten R10 of resistance, 12 R12 of resistance, eight R8 of resistance, Nine R9 of resistance, four C4 of capacitor, seven C7 of capacitor, 11 R11 of 11 C11 of capacitor, three U3A of amplifier and resistance；Three U3A's of amplifier Model OP2177；The output signal of a termination prime mixing instrument amplifier of nine C9 of capacitor, the other end and ten R10 of resistance and One end of eight R8 of resistance connects；The other end of eight R8 of resistance is connect with one end of seven C7 of nine R9 of resistance, four C4 of capacitor and capacitor；Electricity The other end for hindering ten R10 is connect with one end of 12 R12 of resistance；The other end of R12 is grounded；The other end and capacitor of nine R9 of resistance The pin 3 of three U3A of one end and amplifier of 11 C11 connects；The other end of 11 C11 of capacitor is grounded；The pipe of three U3A of amplifier Foot 1 is connect with the other end of one end of 11 R11 of resistance, the other end of four C4 of capacitor, seven C7 of capacitor, and output signal Signal2；The other end of 2 connecting resistance of pin, 11 R11 of three U3A of amplifier；The pin 4 of three U3A of amplifier connects -6V power supply, Pin 8 connects+6V power supply.

The prime single-ended transfer difference circuit includes 20 R20 of resistance, 18 R18 of resistance, five U5A of amplifier, amplification Six U5B of device, 19 R19 of resistance, 23 R23 of resistance, 24 R24 of 26 R26 of resistance, 22 R22 of resistance and resistance； One end of 20 R20 of resistance is connect with one end of 23 R23 of resistance, and connects the output signal of prime active band-pass filter； The other end of 20 R20 of resistance is connect with the pin 3 of five U5A of amplifier, pin 2 and 18 R18's of resistance of five U5A of amplifier One end connection, the other end of 18 R18 of resistance are connect with one end of 19 R19 of the pin 1 of five U5A of amplifier and resistance；Resistance The other end output signal Signal3+ of 19 R19；The pin 8 of five U5A of amplifier connects+6V power supply, and pin 4 connects -6V power supply；Electricity The other end for hindering 23 R23 is connect with the pin 6 of six U5B of one end of 22 R22 of resistance and amplifier, six U5B of amplifier Pin 5 connect with one end of 26 R26 of resistance, the other end of 26 R26 of resistance ground connection；The pin 7 of six U5B of amplifier It is connect with one end of 24 R24 of the other end of 22 R22 of resistance and resistance, the other end of 24 R24 of resistance exports letter Number Signal3-；The pin 4 and pin 8 of six U5B of amplifier is hanging；Five U5A of amplifier and six U5B of amplifier uses model The integrated amplifier of AD822AR.

The rear class passive bandpass filters include 27 R27 of resistance, two T2 of common mode choke, resistance 29 R29,30 R30 of resistance, 28 R28 of resistance, 19 C19 of 17 C17 of capacitor, 18 C18 of capacitor and capacitor；Common mode choke The output signal cathode of the input termination prime signal conditioning circuit of two T2 coils one, two T2 coil two of common mode choke The output signal anode of input termination prime signal conditioning circuit；One end of 27 R27 of resistance is grounded, the other end and resistance two The output end of the two T2 coil two of one end and common mode choke of 19 R29 connects；The other end and electricity of 29 R29 of resistance Hold 17 C17 to connect with one end of 18 C18 of capacitor, the other end ground connection of 17 C17 of capacitor；One end of 28 R28 of resistance Ground connection, the other end are connect with the output end of two T2 coil one of one end of 30 R30 of resistance and common mode choke；Resistance 30 The other end of R30 is connect with one end of 19 C19 of the other end of 18 C18 of capacitor and capacitor, another termination of 19 C19 of capacitor Ground；The rear class instrument amplifier includes 31 R31 of resistance and amplification control two U6 of chip；Amplification control two U6 of chip is adopted With the chip of model INA128U；The pin 1 of amplification control two U6 of chip is connect with one end of 31 R31 of resistance, amplification control The pin 8 of two U6 of coremaking piece is connect with the other end of 31 R31 of resistance；The pin 4 of amplification control two U6 of chip connects -6V electricity The pin 7 in source, amplification control two U6 of chip connects+6V power supply；The pin 2 of amplification control two U6 of chip meets 17 C17 of capacitor and electricity Hold the connecting pin of 18 C18；The pin 3 of amplification control two U6 of chip connects the connecting pin of 18 C18 of capacitor Yu 19 C19 of capacitor； The 6 output signal Signal4 of pin of amplification control two U6 of chip；The zeroing circuit packet zeroing circuit includes D/A converter With rear class voltage follower；The D/A converter includes amplification control three U7 of chip, 32 R32 of resistance and resistance 30 Three R33；The rear class voltage follower includes two U10B of 34 R34 of resistance, 35 R35 of resistance and amplifier；Amplification Control the chip that three U7 of chip uses model AD5312ARMZ；Controller uses the chip of model SAF-C167CS-L16M； The model OP2177 of two U10B of amplifier；The pin 2 of amplification control three U7 of chip is connect with+6V power supply, pin 1 and pin 10 It is grounded, pin 5 is connect with one end of 32 R32 of resistance, and pin 6 is connect with one end of 33 R33 of resistance；Amplification control The pin 3 and 4 of three U7 of chip is connect with reference voltage+2.5VREF；The pin P3.3 of controller meets amplification control three U7 of chip Pin 7, the pin TXD of controller connect amplification control three U7 of chip pin 8, the pin RXD of controller connect amplification control core The pin 9 of three U7 of piece；When the pin P3.3 of controller is set low, the communication of controller and amplification control three U7 of chip starts；Electricity Hinder the other end and the other end of 33 R33 of resistance, one end of 34 R34 of resistance, 35 R35 of resistance of 32 R32 Two U10B of one end and amplifier pin 5 connect；The other end of 34 R34 of resistance is connect with reference voltage -2.5VREF, The other end of 35 R35 of resistance is grounded；The pin 4 of two U10B of amplifier is connect with -6V power supply, and pin 8 and+6V power supply connect It connects；The pin 6 of two U10B of amplifier is connect with the pin 7 of two U10B of amplifier, and connects the pin 5 of amplification control two U6 of chip.

The rear class Fliege trapper includes 20 C20 of capacitor, 21 C21 of capacitor, 36 R36 of resistance, cunning Dynamic one R39 of rheostat, two R37 of slide rheostat, 38 R38 of resistance, 40 R40 of resistance, 22 C22 of capacitor, capacitor two 13 C23, seven U8A of amplifier, eight U8B of amplifier, 43 R43 of 41 R41 of resistance, 42 R42 of resistance and resistance；Electricity Rong Ershi C20,43 R43 of 21 C21 of capacitor, 36 R36 of resistance and resistance one end connect rear class instrument amplifier Output signal；The movable end of the other end of 20 C20 of capacitor and two R37 of slide rheostat, 21 C21 of capacitor it is another End, a fixing end of one R39 of slide rheostat, one R39 of slide rheostat seven U8A of movable end and amplifier pin 3 connect It connects；The other end of 36 R36 of resistance is connect with a fixing end of two R37 of slide rheostat；Two R37's of slide rheostat is another One fixing end is connect with one end of 38 R38 of resistance, the other end ground connection of 38 R38 of resistance；One R39 of slide rheostat Another fixing end connect with one end of 40 R40 of resistance, the pin of the other end of 40 R40 of resistance and eight U8B of amplifier 7,22 C22 of capacitor is connected with one end of 23 C23 of capacitor；The pin 6 of eight U8B of amplifier and the pipe of seven U8A of amplifier Foot 2, one end of 41 R41 of resistance, 22 C22 of capacitor the other end connected with the other end of 23 C23 of capacitor；Amplification The pin 5 of eight U8B of device is connect with the other end of 43 R43 of one end of 42 R42 of resistance and resistance；Seven U8A's of amplifier Pin 4 connects -6V power supply, and pin 8 connects+6V power supply；The pin 4 and pin 8 of eight U8B of amplifier is hanging；The pipe of seven U8A of amplifier Foot 1 is connect with the other end of 41 R41 of 42 R42 of resistance and resistance, and output signal Signal5；Seven U8A of amplifier and Eight U8B of amplifier uses the integrated amplifier of model AD822AR.

The rear class voltage follow and low-pass filter include nine U9A of amplifier, 44 R44 of resistance, resistance 40 Five R45,26 C26 of capacitor, ten U9B of amplifier, 24 C24 of capacitor, 25 C25 of capacitor, 46 R46 of resistance, electricity Hinder 47 R47,48 R48 of resistance, 29 C29 of capacitor, 49 R49 of resistance, 27 C27 of capacitor, capacitor 20 11 U10A of eight C28 and amplifier；The pin 3 of nine U9A of amplifier connects the output signal of rear class Fliege trapper；Amplifier nine The pin 1 of U9A is connect with one end of 44 R44 of the pin 2 of nine U9A of amplifier and resistance, and pin 4 connects -6V power supply, pin 8 Connect+6V power supply；The other end of 44 R44 of resistance is with 45 R45's of 24 C24 of capacitor, 25 C25 of capacitor and resistance One end connection, the other end of 45 R45 of resistance are connect with one end of 26 C26 of the pin 5 of ten U9B of amplifier and capacitor, The other end of 26 C26 of capacitor is grounded；The pin 6 of ten U9B of amplifier is connect with one end of 46 R46 of resistance, amplifier The pin 7 of ten U9B and one end of 47 R47 of resistance, the other end of 24 C24 of capacitor, 25 C25 of capacitor the other end It is connected with the other end of 46 R46 of resistance；The pin 4 and 8 of ten U9B of amplifier is hanging；Nine U9A of amplifier and amplifier ten U9B uses the integrated amplifier of model OP2177；The other end and 27 C27 of capacitor, capacitor 20 of 47 R47 of resistance Eight C28 are connected with one end of 48 R48 of resistance, the other end of 48 R48 of resistance and the pin 3 of 11 U10A of amplifier and One end of 29 C29 of capacitor connects, the other end ground connection of 29 C29 of capacitor；The pin 2 and resistance of 11 U10A of amplifier One end of 49 R49 connects；The pin 1 and 27 C27 of capacitor, 28 C28 of capacitor and resistance of 11 U10A of amplifier The other end of 49 R49 connects, and output signal Signal6；The pin 4 of 11 U10A of amplifier connects -6V power supply, pin 8 Connect+6V power supply；The model OP2177 of 11 U10A of amplifier.

The rear class amplification and single-ended transfer difference circuit include 50 R50 of resistance, 51 R51 of resistance, amplification control Four U11 of chip, 53 R53 of resistance, 56 R56 of resistance, 57 R57 of resistance, 52 R52 of resistance, resistance 55 R55,12 U12A of amplifier, 13 U12B of amplifier, 54 R54 of resistance, 58 R58 of resistance, 30 C30 of capacitor and electricity Mono- C31 of Rong Sanshi；Amplification control four U11 of chip uses the chip of model INA118U；The pin 1 of amplification control four U11 of chip It is connect with one end of 50 R50 of resistance, the other end of 50 R50 of resistance is connect with the pin 8 of amplification control four U11 of chip；It puts The pin 2 of big control four U11 of chip is connect with one end of 51 R51 of resistance, the other end ground connection of 51 R51 of resistance；It puts The pin 3 of big control four U11 of chip connects the output signal of rear class voltage follow and low-pass filter, and pin 4 connects -6V power supply, manages Foot 7 connects+6V power supply, and pin 5 connect with one end of 57 R57 of resistance and connect reference voltage+2.5VREF, pin 6 and resistance five 13 R53 are connected with one end of 56 R56 of resistance；The other end of 53 R53 of resistance and the pin 3 of 12 U12A of amplifier Connection；The pin 2 of 12 U12A of amplifier is connect with one end of 52 R52 of resistance, and pin 1 is another with 52 R52's of resistance One end is connected with one end of 54 R54 of resistance；The pin 4 of 12 U12A of amplifier is grounded, and pin 8 connects+6V power supply；Resistance five The other end of 14 R54 is connect with one end of 30 C30 of capacitor and output signal CH1+；The pin 6 of 13 U12B of amplifier with The other end of 56 R56 of resistance is connected with one end of 55 R55 of resistance, and the other end of pin 5 and 57 R57 of resistance connect It connects, pin 7 is connect with one end of 58 R58 of the other end of 55 R55 of resistance and resistance；The pin of 13 U12B of amplifier 4 and pin 8 it is hanging；12 U12A of amplifier and 13 U12B of amplifier uses the integrated amplifier of model OP296GS；Electricity It hinders the other end of 58 R58 and one end of 31 C31 of capacitor is connect and output signal CH1-；31 C31 of capacitor and electricity The other end of Rong Sanshi C30 is grounded.

A kind of electrode method for embedding of earth electric field sensing system of the present invention, specific as follows:

Step 1: well bore, wellbore depth is greater than 3m, and wellhole internal diameter is 136mm；

Step 2: north-south orientation electrode, thing azimuthal electrodes and public electrode are toggled with rope respectively, it is then respectively put into one A borehole bottom；The connecting line position of public electrode, north-south orientation electrode and thing azimuthal electrodes and prime signal conditioning circuit It is placed in casing under ground portion, prime signal conditioning circuit is placed in above the wellhole for placing public electrode；Each wellhole Top opens up detection hole；When connecting line is fallen short of using whole multiply copper core insulated conductor or single connecting line, more are connected Line is welded by connector, is carried out in the detection hole for again opening up connector embedment weld after insulation and preservative treatment；North and south That end that the connecting line of azimuthal electrodes or thing azimuthal electrodes connects prime signal conditioning circuit has one section to be located at placement public electrode Wellhole outside detection hole in；

Step 3: each wellhole inserts 1 meter or more of fine grained soil compacting, entire wellhole then is filled up with the soil that wellhole drills out And it tamps；Cover board is set at the top of each detection hole.

The invention has the benefit that

1, front stage circuits have the advantages that high input impedance, low noise, low imbalance using mixing instrument amplifier.

2, the separate structure of prime and rear class effectively solves signal decaying of the small-signal in transmission process.

3, late-class circuit is using flexible zeroing mode.

4, the differential signal transmission of forward and backward grade effectively reduces common mode interference.

5, the embedding manner of earth electric field electrode and the outer route erection mode of earth electric field guarantee that electrode can be with soil media Good contact, the long-time stability of enhancing electrode work, effectively improves Observation of The Geoelectric Field quality, effectively shields the electricity of ambient enviroment Field interference.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is the structural block diagram of earth electric field sensing system of the present invention；

Fig. 2 is the structural block diagram of prime signal conditioning circuit in the present invention；

Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram that prime passive bandpass filters and prime mix instrument amplifier in the present invention；

Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram of prime active band-pass filter in the present invention；

Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of prime single-ended transfer difference circuit in the present invention；

Fig. 6 is the structural block diagram of rear class signal conditioning circuit in the present invention；

Fig. 7 is the circuit diagram of rear class passive bandpass filters, rear class instrument amplifier and zeroing circuit in the present invention；

Fig. 8 is the serial communication interface schematic diagram of controller and zeroing circuit in the present invention；

Fig. 9 is the circuit diagram of rear class Fliege trapper in the present invention；

Figure 10 is the circuit diagram of rear class voltage follow and low-pass filter in the present invention；

Figure 11 is the circuit diagram of rear class amplification and single-ended transfer difference circuit in the present invention；

Figure 12 is the embedded schematic diagram of electrode in the present invention.

Specific embodiment

The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings.

As shown in Fig. 1,2 and 6, a kind of earth electric field sensing system, including prime signal conditioning circuit 1 and rear class signal tune Manage circuit 2；Prime signal conditioning circuit is placed on front end observation site, and rear class signal conditioning circuit is placed in sight chamber；Before Grade signal conditioning circuit 1 includes prime passive bandpass filters 1-1, prime mixing instrument amplifier 1-2, the active band logical filter of prime Wave device 1-3 and prime single-ended transfer difference circuit 1-4；Public electrode O and north-south orientation electrode SN accesses a prime signal condition The prime passive bandpass filters of circuit, while accessing with thing azimuthal electrodes EW the prime of another prime signal conditioning circuit Passive bandpass filters；The ground electricity of north-south orientation electrode SN and public electrode O or thing azimuthal electrodes EW and public electrode O detection After field signal Q is passed to prime signal conditioning circuit, successively filtered through prime passive bandpass filters in prime signal conditioning circuit Wave, the amplification of prime mixing instrument amplifier, the filtering of prime active band-pass filter and prime single-ended transfer difference circuit signal tune After reason, differential signal is exported into a corresponding rear class signal conditioning circuit；Rear class signal conditioning circuit 2 includes that rear class is passive Bandpass filter 2-1, rear class instrument amplifier 2-2, zeroing circuit 2-3, rear class Fliege trapper 2-4, rear class voltage follow And low-pass filter 2-5, rear class are amplified and single-ended transfer difference circuit 2-6, A/D converter 2-7 and controller 2-8；Prime signal The successively rear class passive bandpass filters filtering through rear class signal conditioning circuit, the amplification of rear class instrument of the signal of conditioning circuit output Device amplification, the filtering of rear class Fliege trapper, rear class voltage follow and low-pass filter are followed and are filtered, rear class is amplified and single-ended After slip parallel circuit signal condition, differential signal is exported to A/D converter, is transmitted to controller after A/D converter analog-to-digital conversion；Control Device processed calculates zeroing voltage value, and generates zeroing voltage by the D/A converter in zeroing circuit 2-3 by control signal, adjusts It is exported after rear class voltage follower in the zeroed circuit of no-voltage to the Voltage Reference foot of rear class instrument amplifier, realizes rear class The zeroing of instrument amplifier；A/D converter 2-7 uses the chip of model ADS1254E；Controller uses model SAF- The chip of C167CS-L16M.

As shown in figure 3, prime passive bandpass filters include two R2 of resistance, three R3 of resistance, five R5 of resistance, two C2 of capacitor, Three C3 of capacitor, five C5 of capacitor, one D1 of diode, six R6 of resistance, two D2 of diode, eight C8 of capacitor, six C6 of capacitor, common mode choke One T1,12 C12 of capacitor, 13 R13 of resistance, 15 R15 of resistance, 17 R17 of resistance, 13 C13 of capacitor, ten C10 of capacitor, two Three D3 of pole pipe, 14 R14 of resistance, 14 C14 of four D4 of diode, 15 C15 of capacitor and capacitor；Public electrode O connects common mode chokes It encloses the input terminal E1- of a T1 coil one, north-south orientation electrode SN or thing azimuthal electrodes EW and connects one T1 middle line of common mode choke The input terminal E1+ of circle two；The output end of a termination one T1 coil one of common mode choke of 12 C12 of capacitor, three C3's of capacitor The output end of one termination one T1 coil two of common mode choke；One end of two R2 of resistance is connect with one end of three R3 of resistance, another End ground connection；The other end of three R3 of resistance is connect with the other end of three C3 of one end of five R5 of resistance and capacitor；Five R5's of resistance is another End is connect with the cathode of one end of five C5 of capacitor, two D2 of the cathode of one D1 of diode, one end of six R6 of resistance and diode；Capacitor The other end of five C5 is grounded；The anode of one D1 of diode is connect with one end of two C2 of capacitor, the other end ground connection of two C2 of capacitor；Two The anode of two D2 of pole pipe is connect with one end of eight C8 of capacitor, the other end ground connection of eight C8 of capacitor；The other end and electricity of six R6 of resistance Hold one end connection of six C6 and output signal Signal+；The other end of six C6 of capacitor is grounded；One end of 17 R17 of resistance is grounded, The other end is connect with one end of 15 R15 of resistance；The other end of 15 R15 of resistance and one end of 13 R13 of resistance and capacitor The other end of 12 C12 connects；One end of the other end of 13 R13 of resistance and 13 C13 of capacitor, three D3 of diode cathode, One end of 14 R14 of resistance is connected with the cathode of four D4 of diode；The other end of 13 C13 of capacitor is grounded；Three D3's of diode Anode is connect with one end of ten C10 of capacitor, the other end ground connection of ten C10 of capacitor；The other end and capacitor 14 of 14 R14 of resistance One end of C14 connects and output signal Signal-；The other end of 14 C14 of capacitor is grounded；The anode and capacitor of four D4 of diode One end of 15 C15 connects, the other end ground connection of 15 C15 of capacitor.

It includes one U1 of amplifier, one C1 of capacitor, one R1 of resistance, seven R7 of resistance, resistance 20 that prime, which mixes instrument amplifier, One R21,16 C16 of capacitor, four U4 of amplifier, four R4 of resistance, 16 R16 of resistance, 25 R25 of resistance and amplification control chip One U2；The model of four U4 of one U1 of amplifier and amplifier is AD745JR-16；The pin 3 and one C1 of capacitor of one U1 of amplifier, One R1 of resistance is connected with one end of seven R7 of resistance；One end of four R4 of resistance is connect with the pin 3 of amplification control one U2 of chip, is amplified Control the model INA128U of one U2 of chip；The pin 12 of one U1 of amplifier is with four R4's of one C1 of capacitor, one R1 of resistance and resistance Other end connection；The pin 6 of one U1 of amplifier is connect with -6V power supply, and the pin 13 of one U1 of amplifier is connect with+6V power supply；Electricity The other end for hindering seven R7 is connect with one end of 16 C16 of the pin 3 of four U4 of amplifier, one end of 21 R21 of resistance and capacitor； 16 R16 of pin 12 and resistance of the other end of the other end of 21 R21 of resistance and 16 C16 of capacitor, four U4 of amplifier One end connection；The pin 13 of four U4 of amplifier is connect with+6V power supply, and the pin 6 of four U4 of amplifier is connect with -6V power supply；Resistance The other end of 16 R16 is connect with the pin 2 of amplification control one U2 of chip；One end of 25 R25 of resistance and amplification control core The pin 8 of one U2 of piece connects, and the other end is connect with the pin 1 of amplification control one U2 of chip；The pin 5 of amplification control one U2 of chip Ground connection, pin 7 are connect with+6V power supply, and pin 4 is connect with -6V power supply, 6 output signal Signal1 of pin.One U1 of amplifier and The pin 5 of four U4 of amplifier meets the output signal Signal+ and output signal Signal- of prime passive bandpass filters respectively.

As shown in figure 4, prime active band-pass filter includes nine C9 of capacitor, ten R10 of resistance, 12 R12 of resistance, resistance eight R8, nine R9 of resistance, four C4 of capacitor, seven C7 of capacitor, 11 R11 of 11 C11 of capacitor, three U3A of amplifier and resistance；Amplifier three The model OP2177 of U3A；The output signal Signal1 of a termination prime mixing instrument amplifier of nine C9 of capacitor, the other end It is connect with one end of eight R8 of ten R10 of resistance and resistance；The other end and seven C7 of nine R9 of resistance, four C4 of capacitor and capacitor of eight R8 of resistance One end connection；The other end of ten R10 of resistance is connect with one end of 12 R12 of resistance；The other end of R12 is grounded；Nine R9 of resistance The other end connect with the pin 3 of three U3A of one end of 11 C11 of capacitor and amplifier；The other end of 11 C11 of capacitor is grounded； The pin 1 of three U3A of amplifier is connect with the other end of one end of 11 R11 of resistance, the other end of four C4 of capacitor, seven C7 of capacitor, And output signal Signal2；The other end of 2 connecting resistance of pin, 11 R11 of three U3A of amplifier；The pin 4 of three U3A of amplifier - 6V power supply is connect, pin 8 connects+6V power supply.

As shown in figure 5, prime single-ended transfer difference circuit include 20 R20 of resistance, 18 R18 of resistance, five U5A of amplifier, Six U5B of amplifier, 19 R19 of resistance, 23 R23 of resistance, 26 R26 of resistance, 22 R22 of resistance and resistance 24 R24；One end of 20 R20 of resistance is connect with one end of 23 R23 of resistance, and connects the output letter of prime active band-pass filter Number Signal2；The other end of 20 R20 of resistance is connect with the pin 3 of five U5A of amplifier, the pin 2 and electricity of five U5A of amplifier The one end for hindering 18 R18 connects, and the one of 19 R19 of pin 1 and resistance of the other end and five U5A of amplifier of 18 R18 of resistance End connection；The other end output signal Signal3+ of 19 R19 of resistance；The pin 8 of five U5A of amplifier connects+6V power supply, pin 4 Connect -6V power supply；The other end of 23 R23 of resistance is connect with the pin 6 of six U5B of one end of 22 R22 of resistance and amplifier, The pin 5 of six U5B of amplifier is connect with one end of 26 R26 of resistance, the other end ground connection of 26 R26 of resistance；Amplifier The pin 7 of six U5B is connect with one end of 24 R24 of the other end of 22 R22 of resistance and resistance, 24 R24's of resistance Other end output signal Signal3-；The pin 4 and pin 8 of six U5B of amplifier is hanging；Five U5A of amplifier and amplifier six U5B uses the integrated amplifier of model AD822AR.

As shown in fig. 7, rear class passive bandpass filters include 27 R27 of resistance, two T2 of common mode choke, resistance 20 Nine R29,30 R30 of resistance, 28 R28 of resistance, 19 C19 of 17 C17 of capacitor, 18 C18 of capacitor and capacitor；Common mode chokes Enclose the output signal Signal3- of the input termination prime signal conditioning circuit of two T2 coils one, two T2 middle line of common mode choke The output signal Signal3+ of the input termination prime signal conditioning circuit of circle two；One end of 27 R27 of resistance is grounded, another End is connect with the output end of two T2 coil two of one end of 29 R29 of resistance and common mode choke；29 R29's of resistance The other end is connect with one end of 18 C18 of 17 C17 of capacitor and capacitor, the other end ground connection of 17 C17 of capacitor；Resistance 28 One end of R28 is grounded, and the output end of the two T2 coil one of one end and common mode choke of the other end and 30 R30 of resistance connects It connects；The other end of 30 R30 of resistance is connect with one end of 19 C19 of the other end of 18 C18 of capacitor and capacitor, capacitor 19 The other end of C19 is grounded.

Rear class instrument amplifier includes 31 R31 of resistance and amplification control two U6 of chip；Amplification control two U6 of chip is adopted With the chip of model INA128U；The pin 1 of amplification control two U6 of chip is connect with one end of 31 R31 of resistance, amplification control The pin 8 of two U6 of coremaking piece is connect with the other end of 31 R31 of resistance；The pin 4 of amplification control two U6 of chip connects -6V electricity The pin 7 in source, amplification control two U6 of chip connects+6V power supply；The pin 2 of amplification control two U6 of chip meets 17 C17 of capacitor and electricity Hold the connecting pin of 18 C18；The pin 3 of amplification control two U6 of chip connects the connecting pin of 18 C18 of capacitor Yu 19 C19 of capacitor； The 6 output signal Signal4 of pin of amplification control two U6 of chip.

As shown in FIG. 7 and 8, zeroing circuit includes D/A converter and rear class voltage follower；D/A converter includes amplification Control three U7 of chip, 33 R33 of 32 R32 of resistance and resistance；Rear class voltage follower includes 34 R34 of resistance, electricity Hinder two U10B of 35 R35 and amplifier；Amplification control three U7 of chip uses the chip of model AD5312ARMZ；Amplifier two The model OP2177 of U10B；The pin 2 of amplification control three U7 of chip is connect with+6V power supply, and pin 1 and pin 10 are grounded, Pin 5 is connect with one end of 32 R32 of resistance, and pin 6 is connect with one end of 33 R33 of resistance；Amplification control chip three The pin 3 and 4 of U7 is connect with reference voltage+2.5VREF；The pin P3.3 of controller connects the pin of amplification control three U7 of chip 7, the pin TXD of controller connect the pin 8 of amplification control three U7 of chip, and the pin RXD of controller meets amplification control three U7 of chip Pin 9；When the pin P3.3 of controller is set low, the communication of controller and amplification control three U7 of chip starts；Resistance 30 The other end of two R32 and the other end of 33 R33 of resistance, one end of 34 R34 of resistance, 35 R35 of resistance one end It is connected with the pin 5 of two U10B of amplifier；The other end of 34 R34 of resistance is connect with reference voltage -2.5VREF, resistance three The other end of 15 R35 is grounded；The pin 4 of two U10B of amplifier is connect with -6V power supply, and pin 8 is connect with+6V power supply；Amplification The pin 6 of two U10B of device is connect with the pin 7 of two U10B of amplifier, and connects the pin 5 of amplification control two U6 of chip.

As shown in figure 9, rear class Fliege trapper includes 20 C20 of capacitor, 21 C21 of capacitor, resistance 36 R36, one R39 of slide rheostat, two R37 of slide rheostat, 38 R38 of resistance, 40 R40 of resistance, 22 C22 of capacitor, 23 C23 of capacitor, seven U8A of amplifier, eight U8B of amplifier, 41 R41 of resistance, 42 R42 of resistance and resistance 43 R43；20 C20 of capacitor, 43 R43 of 21 C21 of capacitor, 36 R36 of resistance and resistance one end connect rear class instrument The output signal Signal4 of amplifier；The other end of 20 C20 of capacitor and movable end, the capacitor 20 of two R37 of slide rheostat The other end of one C21, a fixing end of one R39 of slide rheostat, one R39 of slide rheostat movable end and amplifier seven The pin 3 of U8A connects；The other end of 36 R36 of resistance is connect with a fixing end of two R37 of slide rheostat；Sliding becomes Another fixing end of resistance two R37 of device is connect with one end of 38 R38 of resistance, the other end ground connection of 38 R38 of resistance；It is sliding Another fixing end of dynamic one R39 of rheostat is connect with one end of 40 R40 of resistance, the other end of 40 R40 of resistance and amplification Pin 7,22 C22 of capacitor of eight U8B of device is connected with one end of 23 C23 of capacitor；The pin 6 of eight U8B of amplifier with put The pin 2 of big seven U8A of device, one end of 41 R41 of resistance, 22 C22 of capacitor 23 C23 of the other end and capacitor it is another One end connection；The pin 5 of eight U8B of amplifier is connect with the other end of 43 R43 of one end of 42 R42 of resistance and resistance； The pin 4 of seven U8A of amplifier connects -6V power supply, and pin 8 connects+6V power supply；The pin 4 and pin 8 of eight U8B of amplifier is hanging；It puts The pin 1 of seven U8A of big device is connect with the other end of 41 R41 of 42 R42 of resistance and resistance, and output signal Signal5； Seven U8A of amplifier and eight U8B of amplifier uses the integrated amplifier of model AD822AR.

As shown in Figure 10, rear class voltage follow and low-pass filter include nine U9A of amplifier, 44 R44 of resistance, resistance 45 R45,26 C26 of capacitor, ten U9B of amplifier, 24 C24 of capacitor, 25 C25 of capacitor, resistance 46 R46,47 R47 of resistance, 48 R48 of resistance, 29 C29 of capacitor, 49 R49 of resistance, 27 C27 of capacitor, electricity 11 U10A of eight C28 of Rong Ershi and amplifier；The pin 3 of nine U9A of amplifier connects the output signal of rear class Fliege trapper Signal5；The pin 1 of nine U9A of amplifier is connect with one end of 44 R44 of the pin 2 of nine U9A of amplifier and resistance, pin 4 - 6V power supply is connect, pin 8 connects+6V power supply；The other end of 44 R44 of resistance and 24 C24 of capacitor, 25 C25 of capacitor and One end of 45 R45 of resistance connects, the other end of 45 R45 of resistance and the pin 5 and capacitor 26 of ten U9B of amplifier One end of C26 connects, the other end ground connection of 26 C26 of capacitor；The pin 6 of ten U9B of amplifier and the one of 46 R46 of resistance End connection, the pin 7 and one end of 47 R47 of resistance, the other end of 24 C24 of capacitor, capacitor 20 of ten U9B of amplifier The other end of five C25 is connected with the other end of 46 R46 of resistance；The pin 4 and 8 of ten U9B of amplifier is hanging；Amplifier nine U9A and ten U9B of amplifier uses the integrated amplifier of model OP2177；The other end and capacitor 20 of 47 R47 of resistance Seven C27,28 C28 of capacitor are connected with one end of 48 R48 of resistance, the other end and amplifier ten of 48 R48 of resistance The pin 3 of one U10A is connected with one end of 29 C29 of capacitor, the other end ground connection of 29 C29 of capacitor；Amplifier 11 The pin 2 of U10A is connect with one end of 49 R49 of resistance；The pin 1 and 27 C27 of capacitor, electricity of 11 U10A of amplifier Eight C28 of Rong Ershi is connected with the other end of 49 R49 of resistance, and output signal Signal6；The pin of 11 U10A of amplifier 4 connect -6V power supply, and pin 8 connects+6V power supply；The model OP2177 of 11 U10A of amplifier.

As shown in figure 11, rear class amplification and single-ended transfer difference circuit include 50 R50 of resistance, 51 R51 of resistance, amplification Control four U11 of chip, 53 R53 of resistance, 56 R56 of resistance, 57 R57 of resistance, 52 R52 of resistance, resistance five 15 R55,12 U12A of amplifier, 13 U12B of amplifier, 54 R54 of resistance, 58 R58 of resistance, 30 C30 of capacitor With 31 C31 of capacitor；Amplification control four U11 of chip uses the chip of model INA118U；Amplification control four U11's of chip Pin 1 is connect with one end of 50 R50 of resistance, and the other end of 50 R50 of resistance and the pin 8 of amplification control four U11 of chip connect It connects；The pin 2 of amplification control four U11 of chip is connect with one end of 51 R51 of resistance, another termination of 51 R51 of resistance Ground；The pin 3 of amplification control four U11 of chip connects the output signal Signal6 of rear class voltage follow and low-pass filter, pin 4 - 6V power supply is connect, pin 7 connects+6V power supply, and pin 5 connect with one end of 57 R57 of resistance and connect reference voltage+2.5VREF, Pin 6 is connect with one end of 56 R56 of 53 R53 of resistance and resistance；The other end and amplifier ten of 53 R53 of resistance The pin 3 of two U12A connects；The pin 2 of 12 U12A of amplifier is connect with one end of 52 R52 of resistance, pin 1 and resistance The other end of 52 R52 is connected with one end of 54 R54 of resistance；The pin 4 of 12 U12A of amplifier is grounded, and pin 8 connects+ 6V power supply；The other end of 54 R54 of resistance is connect with one end of 30 C30 of capacitor and output signal CH1+；Amplifier 13 The pin 6 of U12B is connect with one end of 55 R55 of the other end of 56 R56 of resistance and resistance, pin 5 and resistance 57 The other end of R57 connects, and pin 7 is connect with one end of 58 R58 of the other end of 55 R55 of resistance and resistance；Amplifier The pin 4 and pin 8 of 13 U12B is hanging；12 U12A of amplifier and 13 U12B of amplifier uses model OP296GS Integrated amplifier；The other end of 58 R58 of resistance is connect with one end of 31 C31 of capacitor and output signal CH1-；Electricity The other end of 30 C30 of mono- C31 of Rong Sanshi and capacitor is grounded.

For Observation of The Geoelectric Field application requirement: 1, Observation of The Geoelectric Field source impedance is larger；2, the voltage source of sensor changes model Larger (10uV-1mV) is enclosed, if there is strong external interference may reach several hundred mV, so the unsuitable amplification factor in front end is excessively high.This Invention measuring electrode (north-south orientation electrode SN, public electrode O and thing azimuthal electrodes EW) uses Pb-PbCl₂Solid does not polarize Electrode；Prime signal conditioning circuit is directed to earth electric field weak output signal and high impedance feature, carries out signal condition, is conducive to signal Remote transmission.Using comprising 2 AD745JR-16 amplifiers and INA128U instrument amplifier in prime signal conditioning circuit Prime mixes instrument amplifier, has low noise, low drifting, low imbalance and high speed characteristics, observes high impedance signal for ground electricity Source is the ideal chose of earth electric field sensing system of the present invention since the JFET input bias current of AD745JR-16 is extremely low.This The signal that invention rear class signal conditioning circuit carrys out the transmission of prime signal conditioning circuit, is further processed, and is suitble to A/D chip Carry out data acquisition.

As shown in figure 12, it can be contacted with the good of soil media for guarantee electrode, and enhance the long-term steady of electrode work It is qualitative, after fully considering the environmental conditions such as topography and geomorphology, lithology condition, the interference source of the embedded point of electrode, present invention optimizes Electrode method for embedding, specific as follows:

Step 1: well bore, wellbore depth is greater than 3m, and wellhole internal diameter is 136mm.

Step 2: north-south orientation electrode SN, thing azimuthal electrodes EW and public electrode O are toggled with rope respectively, then distinguish It is put into a borehole bottom；For the interference for reducing environment, guarantee connection reliability and the insulation against ground of route, public electrode O, North-south orientation electrode SN and thing azimuthal electrodes EW and the connecting line part located underground of prime signal conditioning circuit are placed in In casing, prime signal conditioning circuit is placed in above the wellhole for placing public electrode O；Detection hole is opened up at the top of each wellhole； Connecting line uses whole multiply copper core insulated conductor；If encountering the case where single connecting line falls short of, more can also be connected Line is welded by connector, is carried out in the detection hole for again opening up connector embedment weld after insulation and preservative treatment.North and south That end that the connecting line of azimuthal electrodes SN or thing azimuthal electrodes EW connect prime signal conditioning circuit have one section be located at place it is public In detection hole outside the wellhole of electrode O.

Step 3: each wellhole inserts 1 meter or more of cleaning fine grained soil compacting, then filled up entirely with the soil that wellhole drills out Wellhole is simultaneously tamped；Cover board is set at the top of each detection hole.

Claims

1. a kind of earth electric field sensing system, including prime signal conditioning circuit and rear class signal conditioning circuit；Prime signal tune Reason circuit is placed on front end observation site, and rear class signal conditioning circuit is placed in sight chamber；It is characterized by: the prime Signal conditioning circuit includes prime passive bandpass filters, prime mixing instrument amplifier, prime active band-pass filter and preceding Grade single-ended transfer difference circuit；Public electrode and north-south orientation electrode access the passive band logical of prime of a prime signal conditioning circuit Filter, while accessing with thing azimuthal electrodes the prime passive bandpass filters of another prime signal conditioning circuit；North and south Azimuthal electrodes and public electrode or thing azimuthal electrodes and the earth electric field signal of public electrode detection are passed to prime signal condition electricity Lu Hou, successively amplify through the filtering of prime passive bandpass filters, prime mixing instrument amplifier in prime signal conditioning circuit, After the filtering of prime active band-pass filter and the conditioning of prime single-ended transfer difference circuit signal, differential signal is exported to corresponding one In a rear class signal conditioning circuit；The rear class signal conditioning circuit includes that rear class passive bandpass filters, rear class instrument are put Big device, zeroing circuit, rear class Fliege trapper, rear class voltage follow and low-pass filter, rear class amplification and single-ended transfer difference Circuit, A/D converter and controller；Rear class of the signal of prime signal conditioning circuit output successively through rear class signal conditioning circuit Passive bandpass filters filtering, the amplification of rear class instrument amplifier, the filtering of rear class Fliege trapper, rear class voltage follow and low pass Filter is followed and is filtered, after rear class amplification and the conditioning of single-ended transfer difference circuit signal, and differential signal is exported to A/D converter, Controller is transmitted to after A/D converter analog-to-digital conversion；Controller calculates zeroing voltage value, and by control signal by zeroing circuit In D/A converter generate zeroing voltage, output is to rear class instrument after the rear class voltage follower in the zeroed circuit of voltage that returns to zero The Voltage Reference foot of table amplifier realizes the zeroing of rear class instrument amplifier.

2. a kind of earth electric field sensing system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the passive band logical filter of the prime Wave device includes two R2 of resistance, three R3 of resistance, five R5 of resistance, two C2 of capacitor, three C3 of capacitor, five C5 of capacitor, one D1 of diode, resistance Six R6, two D2 of diode, eight C8 of capacitor, six C6 of capacitor, one T1 of common mode choke, 12 C12 of capacitor, 13 R13 of resistance, resistance 15 R15,17 R17 of resistance, 13 C13 of capacitor, ten C10 of capacitor, three D3 of diode, 14 R14 of resistance, four D4 of diode, 14 C14 of 15 C15 of capacitor and capacitor；Public electrode connects the input terminal E1- of one T1 coil one of common mode choke, north-south orientation Electrode or thing azimuthal electrodes meet the input terminal E1+ of one T1 coil two of common mode choke；A termination common mode of 12 C12 of capacitor The output end of one T1 coil one of choke coil, the output end of a termination one T1 coil two of common mode choke of three C3 of capacitor；Electricity The one end for hindering two R2 is connect with one end of three R3 of resistance, other end ground connection；The other end of three R3 of resistance and one end of five R5 of resistance And the other end connection of three C3 of capacitor；The other end of five R5 of resistance and one end of five C5 of capacitor, cathode, the resistance of one D1 of diode One end of six R6 is connected with the cathode of two D2 of diode；The other end of five C5 of capacitor is grounded；The anode and capacitor of one D1 of diode One end of two C2 connects, the other end ground connection of two C2 of capacitor；The anode of two D2 of diode is connect with one end of eight C8 of capacitor, capacitor The other end of eight C8 is grounded；The other end of six R6 of resistance is connect with one end of six C6 of capacitor and output signal Signal+；Capacitor six The other end of C6 is grounded；One end of 17 R17 of resistance is grounded, and the other end is connect with one end of 15 R15 of resistance；Resistance 15 The other end of R15 is connect with the other end of 12 C12 of one end of 13 R13 of resistance and capacitor；The other end of 13 R13 of resistance It is connect with the cathode of one end of 13 C13 of capacitor, four D4 of the cathode of three D3 of diode, one end of 14 R14 of resistance and diode； The other end of 13 C13 of capacitor is grounded；The anode of three D3 of diode is connect with one end of ten C10 of capacitor, and ten C10's of capacitor is another End ground connection；The other end of 14 R14 of resistance is connect with one end of 14 C14 of capacitor and output signal Signal-；Capacitor 14 The other end of C14 is grounded；The anode of four D4 of diode is connect with one end of 15 C15 of capacitor, another termination of 15 C15 of capacitor Ground.

3. a kind of earth electric field sensing system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the prime mixing instrument is put Big device includes one U1 of amplifier, one C1 of capacitor, one R1 of resistance, seven R7 of resistance, 21 R21 of resistance, 16 C16 of capacitor, amplification Four U4 of device, four R4 of resistance, 16 R16 of resistance, 25 R25 of resistance and amplification control one U2 of chip；One U1 of amplifier and amplification The model of four U4 of device is AD745JR-16；The pin 3 of one U1 of amplifier and the one of seven R7 of one C1 of capacitor, one R1 of resistance and resistance End connection；One end of four R4 of resistance is connect with the pin 3 of amplification control one U2 of chip, the model of amplification control one U2 of chip INA128U；The pin 12 of one U1 of amplifier is connect with the other end of four R4 of one C1 of capacitor, one R1 of resistance and resistance；Amplifier one The pin 6 of U1 is connect with -6V power supply, and the pin 13 of one U1 of amplifier is connect with+6V power supply；The other end of seven R7 of resistance and amplification The pin 3 of four U4 of device, one end of 21 R21 of resistance are connected with one end of 16 C16 of capacitor；21 R21's of resistance is another End is connect with one end of 16 R16 of the other end of 16 C16 of capacitor, the pin 12 of four U4 of amplifier and resistance；Four U4 of amplifier Pin 13 connect with+6V power supply, the pin 6 of four U4 of amplifier is connect with -6V power supply；The other end of 16 R16 of resistance with put The pin 2 of big control one U2 of chip connects；One end of 25 R25 of resistance is connect with the pin 8 of amplification control one U2 of chip, separately One end is connect with the pin 1 of amplification control one U2 of chip；The pin 5 of amplification control one U2 of chip is grounded, pin 7 and+6V power supply Connection, pin 4 are connect with -6V power supply, 6 output signal Signal1 of pin；The pin 5 of four U4 of one U1 of amplifier and amplifier divides The output signal anode and output signal cathode of prime passive bandpass filters are not connect.

4. a kind of earth electric field sensing system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the active band logical filter of the prime Wave device includes nine C9 of capacitor, ten R10 of resistance, 12 R12 of resistance, eight R8 of resistance, nine R9 of resistance, four C4 of capacitor, seven C7 of capacitor, electricity 11 R11 of Rong Shiyi C11, three U3A of amplifier and resistance；The model OP2177 of three U3A of amplifier；A termination of nine C9 of capacitor Prime mixes the output signal of instrument amplifier, and the other end is connect with one end of eight R8 of ten R10 of resistance and resistance；Eight R8's of resistance The other end is connect with one end of seven C7 of nine R9 of resistance, four C4 of capacitor and capacitor；The other end and 12 R12 of resistance of ten R10 of resistance One end connection；The other end of R12 is grounded；Three U3A's of one end and amplifier of the other end and 11 C11 of capacitor of nine R9 of resistance Pin 3 connects；The other end of 11 C11 of capacitor is grounded；The pin 1 of three U3A of amplifier and one end, the capacitor of 11 R11 of resistance The other end connection of the other end, seven C7 of capacitor of four C4, and output signal Signal2；2 connecting resistance of pin of three U3A of amplifier The other end of 11 R11；The pin 4 of three U3A of amplifier connects -6V power supply, and pin 8 connects+6V power supply.

5. a kind of earth electric field sensing system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the prime single-ended transfer difference Circuit includes 20 R20 of resistance, 18 R18 of resistance, five U5A of amplifier, six U5B of amplifier, 19 R19 of resistance, resistance 20 Three R23,24 R24 of 26 R26 of resistance, 22 R22 of resistance and resistance；One end of 20 R20 of resistance and resistance 20 One end of three R23 connects, and connects the output signal of prime active band-pass filter；The other end and amplifier of 20 R20 of resistance The pin 3 of five U5A connects, and the pin 2 of five U5A of amplifier is connect with one end of 18 R18 of resistance, and 18 R18's of resistance is another End is connect with one end of 19 R19 of the pin 1 of five U5A of amplifier and resistance；The other end output signal of 19 R19 of resistance Signal3+；The pin 8 of five U5A of amplifier connects+6V power supply, and pin 4 connects -6V power supply；The other end and electricity of 23 R23 of resistance The pin 6 for hindering six U5B of one end and amplifier of 22 R22 connects, pin 5 and 26 R26's of resistance of six U5B of amplifier One end connection, the other end ground connection of 26 R26 of resistance；The pin 7 of six U5B of amplifier and the other end of 22 R22 of resistance It is connected with one end of 24 R24 of resistance, the other end output signal Signal3- of 24 R24 of resistance；Six U5B's of amplifier Pin 4 and pin 8 are hanging；Five U5A of amplifier and six U5B of amplifier uses the integrated amplifier of model AD822AR.

6. a kind of earth electric field sensing system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the passive band logical filter of the rear class Wave device include 27 R27 of resistance, two T2 of common mode choke, 29 R29 of resistance, 30 R30 of resistance, 28 R28 of resistance, 19 C19 of 17 C17 of capacitor, 18 C18 of capacitor and capacitor；The input of two T2 coil one of common mode choke terminates prime signal The output signal cathode of conditioning circuit, the output of the input termination prime signal conditioning circuit of two T2 coil two of common mode choke Signal anode；One end of 27 R27 of resistance is grounded, one end and common mode choke two of the other end and 29 R29 of resistance The output end of T2 coil two connects；The other end of 29 R29 of resistance and one end of 18 C18 of 17 C17 of capacitor and capacitor Connection, the other end ground connection of 17 C17 of capacitor；One end of 28 R28 of resistance is grounded, and the one of the other end and 30 R30 of resistance The connection of the output end of end and two T2 coil one of common mode choke；The other end of 30 R30 of resistance is another with 18 C18's of capacitor One end is connected with one end of 19 C19 of capacitor, the other end ground connection of 19 C19 of capacitor；The rear class instrument amplifier includes 31 R31 of resistance and amplification control two U6 of chip；Amplification control two U6 of chip uses the chip of model INA128U；Amplification The pin 1 of control two U6 of chip is connect with one end of 31 R31 of resistance, the pin 8 and resistance three of amplification control two U6 of chip The other end of 11 R31 connects；The pin 4 of amplification control two U6 of chip connects -6V power supply, the pin 7 of amplification control two U6 of chip Connect+6V power supply；The pin 2 of amplification control two U6 of chip connects the connecting pin of 17 C17 of capacitor Yu 18 C18 of capacitor；Amplification control The pin 3 of two U6 of chip connects the connecting pin of 18 C18 of capacitor Yu 19 C19 of capacitor；The pin 6 of amplification control two U6 of chip exports Signal Signal4；The zeroing circuit packet zeroing circuit includes D/A converter and rear class voltage follower；The D/A turns Parallel operation includes amplification control three U7 of chip, 33 R33 of 32 R32 of resistance and resistance；The rear class voltage follower packet Include two U10B of 34 R34 of resistance, 35 R35 of resistance and amplifier；Amplification control three U7 of chip uses model The chip of AD5312ARMZ；Controller uses the chip of model SAF-C167CS-L16M；The model of two U10B of amplifier OP2177；The pin 2 of amplification control three U7 of chip is connect with+6V power supply, and pin 1 and pin 10 are grounded, pin 5 and resistance three One end of 12 R32 connects, and pin 6 is connect with one end of 33 R33 of resistance；The pin 3 and 4 of amplification control three U7 of chip is equal It is connect with reference voltage+2.5VREF；The pin P3.3 of controller connects the pin 7 of amplification control three U7 of chip, the pin of controller TXD connects the pin 8 of amplification control three U7 of chip, and the pin RXD of controller connects the pin 9 of amplification control three U7 of chip；It is controlling When the pin P3.3 of device is set low, the communication of controller and amplification control three U7 of chip starts；The other end of 32 R32 of resistance with The other end of 33 R33 of resistance, one end of 34 R34 of resistance, 35 R35 of resistance one end and amplifier two U10B Pin 5 connects；The other end of 34 R34 of resistance is connect with reference voltage -2.5VREF, another termination of 35 R35 of resistance Ground；The pin 4 of two U10B of amplifier is connect with -6V power supply, and pin 8 is connect with+6V power supply；The pin 6 of two U10B of amplifier with The pin 7 of two U10B of amplifier connects, and connects the pin 5 of amplification control two U6 of chip.

7. a kind of earth electric field sensing system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the rear class Fliege trap Device includes 20 C20 of capacitor, 21 C21 of capacitor, 36 R36 of resistance, one R39 of slide rheostat, slide rheostat two R37,38 R38 of resistance, 40 R40 of resistance, 22 C22 of capacitor, 23 C23 of capacitor, seven U8A of amplifier, amplifier Eight U8B, 43 R43 of 41 R41 of resistance, 42 R42 of resistance and resistance；20 C20 of capacitor, 21 C21 of capacitor, electricity The one end for hindering 43 R43 of 36 R36 and resistance connects the output signal of rear class instrument amplifier；20 C20's of capacitor is another One fixation of one end and the movable end of two R37 of slide rheostat, the other end of 21 C21 of capacitor, one R39 of slide rheostat The connection of pin 3 at end, seven U8A of the movable end of one R39 of slide rheostat and amplifier；The other end and cunning of 36 R36 of resistance The fixing end connection of dynamic two R37 of rheostat；Another fixing end of two R37 of slide rheostat is with 38 R38's of resistance One end connection, the other end ground connection of 38 R38 of resistance；Another fixing end and 40 R40 of resistance of one R39 of slide rheostat One end connection, pin 7,22 C22 of capacitor and the capacitor 23 of the other end of 40 R40 of resistance and eight U8B of amplifier One end of C23 connects；The pin 6 and the pin 2 of seven U8A of amplifier, one end of 41 R41 of resistance, capacitor of eight U8B of amplifier The other end of 22 C22 is connected with the other end of 23 C23 of capacitor；The pin 5 and resistance 42 of eight U8B of amplifier One end of R42 is connected with the other end of 43 R43 of resistance；The pin 4 of seven U8A of amplifier connects -6V power supply, and pin 8 connects+6V electricity Source；The pin 4 and pin 8 of eight U8B of amplifier is hanging；The pin 1 and 42 R42 of resistance and resistance four of seven U8A of amplifier The other end of 11 R41 connects, and output signal Signal5；Seven U8A of amplifier and eight U8B of amplifier uses model The integrated amplifier of AD822AR.

8. a kind of earth electric field sensing system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the rear class voltage follow and Low-pass filter includes nine U9A of amplifier, 44 R44 of resistance, 45 R45 of resistance, 26 C26 of capacitor, amplifier ten U9B, 24 C24 of capacitor, 25 C25 of capacitor, 46 R46 of resistance, 47 R47 of resistance, 48 R48 of resistance, electricity Nine C29 of Rong Ershi, 49 R49 of resistance, 11 U10A of 27 C27 of capacitor, 28 C28 of capacitor and amplifier；Amplifier The pin 3 of nine U9A connects the output signal of rear class Fliege trapper；The pin 1 of nine U9A of amplifier and the pipe of nine U9A of amplifier Foot 2 is connected with one end of 44 R44 of resistance, and pin 4 connects -6V power supply, and pin 8 connects+6V power supply；44 R44's of resistance is another One end is connect with one end of 45 R45 of 24 C24 of capacitor, 25 C25 of capacitor and resistance, and 45 R45's of resistance is another One end is connect with one end of 26 C26 of the pin 5 of ten U9B of amplifier and capacitor, the other end ground connection of 26 C26 of capacitor； The pin 6 of ten U9B of amplifier is connect with one end of 46 R46 of resistance, the pin 7 and 47 R47 of resistance of ten U9B of amplifier One end, the other end of 24 C24 of capacitor, 25 C25 of capacitor the other end of 46 R46 of the other end and resistance connect It connects；The pin 4 and 8 of ten U9B of amplifier is hanging；Nine U9A of amplifier and ten U9B of amplifier is using the integrated of model OP2177 Amplifier；The other end of 47 R47 of resistance and the one of 48 R48 of 27 C27 of capacitor, 28 C28 of capacitor and resistance End connection, the other end of 48 R48 of resistance are connect with one end of 29 C29 of the pin 3 of 11 U10A of amplifier and capacitor, The other end of 29 C29 of capacitor is grounded；The pin 2 of 11 U10A of amplifier is connect with one end of 49 R49 of resistance；Amplification The pin 1 of 11 U10A of device is connect with the other end of 49 R49 of 27 C27 of capacitor, 28 C28 of capacitor and resistance, and Output signal Signal6；The pin 4 of 11 U10A of amplifier connects -6V power supply, and pin 8 connects+6V power supply；11 U10A of amplifier Model OP2177.

9. a kind of earth electric field sensing system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the described rear class amplification and single-ended Slip parallel circuit includes 50 R50 of resistance, 51 R51 of resistance, amplification control four U11 of chip, 53 R53 of resistance, resistance 56 R56,57 R57 of resistance, 52 R52 of resistance, 55 R55 of resistance, 12 U12A of amplifier, amplifier 13 U12B, 54 R54 of resistance, 31 C31 of 58 R58 of resistance, 30 C30 of capacitor and capacitor；Amplification control four U11 of chip Using the chip of model INA118U；The pin 1 of amplification control four U11 of chip is connect with one end of 50 R50 of resistance, resistance The other end of 50 R50 is connect with the pin 8 of amplification control four U11 of chip；The pin 2 and resistance of amplification control four U11 of chip One end of 51 R51 connects, the other end ground connection of 51 R51 of resistance；The pin 3 of amplification control four U11 of chip connects rear class The output signal of voltage follow and low-pass filter, pin 4 connect -6V power supply, and pin 7 connects+6V power supply, pin 5 and resistance 50 One end of seven R57 connects and connects reference voltage+2.5VREF, one end of pin 6 and 56 R56 of 53 R53 of resistance and resistance Connection；The other end of 53 R53 of resistance is connect with the pin 3 of 12 U12A of amplifier；The pin 2 of 12 U12A of amplifier with One end of 52 R52 of resistance connects, and one end of 54 R54 of the other end and resistance of pin 1 and 52 R52 of resistance connect It connects；The pin 4 of 12 U12A of amplifier is grounded, and pin 8 connects+6V power supply；The other end and capacitor 30 of 54 R54 of resistance One end of C30 connects and output signal CH1+；The pin 6 of 13 U12B of amplifier and the other end and electricity of 56 R56 of resistance One end connection of 55 R55 is hindered, pin 5 is connect with the other end of 57 R57 of resistance, pin 7 and 55 R55's of resistance The other end is connected with one end of 58 R58 of resistance；The pin 4 and pin 8 of 13 U12B of amplifier is hanging；Amplifier 12 U12A and 13 U12B of amplifier uses the integrated amplifier of model OP296GS；The other end and capacitor of 58 R58 of resistance One end of 31 C31 connects and output signal CH1-；The other end of 30 C30 of 31 C31 of capacitor and capacitor is grounded.

10. a kind of electrode method for embedding of earth electric field sensing system, it is characterised in that: this method is specific as follows:

Step 2: north-south orientation electrode, thing azimuthal electrodes and public electrode are toggled with rope respectively, it is then respectively put into a well Hole bottom；The connecting line of public electrode, north-south orientation electrode and thing azimuthal electrodes and prime signal conditioning circuit is located at ground Lower part is placed in casing, and prime signal conditioning circuit is placed in above the wellhole for placing public electrode；The top of each wellhole Open up detection hole；When connecting line is fallen short of using whole multiply copper core insulated conductor or single connecting line, more connecting lines are led to It crosses connector to be welded, carry out in the detection hole for again opening up connector embedment weld after insulation and preservative treatment；North-south orientation That end that electrode or the connecting line of thing azimuthal electrodes connect prime signal conditioning circuit has one section to be located at the well for placing public electrode In detection hole outside hole；

Step 3: each wellhole inserts 1 meter or more of fine grained soil compacting, entire wellhole then is filled up with the soil that wellhole drills out and is rammed It is real；Cover board is set at the top of each detection hole.