CN109471055B - Partial discharge test air gap discharge model and machining method thereof - Google Patents
Partial discharge test air gap discharge model and machining method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109471055B CN109471055B CN201811376143.7A CN201811376143A CN109471055B CN 109471055 B CN109471055 B CN 109471055B CN 201811376143 A CN201811376143 A CN 201811376143A CN 109471055 B CN109471055 B CN 109471055B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a partial discharge test air gap discharge model, which comprises a mould I and a mould II, wherein the main body of the mould I is a cylindrical plastic mould cup I with a barreled structure, and the main body of the mould II is a thin-wall plastic mould cup II with a barrel-shaped structure, and the invention also discloses a partial discharge test air gap discharge model processing method, which comprises the following steps: preparing materials and appliances, burdening, vacuum defoaming, primary pouring, primary heating and curing, manufacturing a model air gap, secondary heating and curing, secondary pouring and final heating and curing; according to the invention, through ingenious design and ordered control processing steps, air gaps are generated in the epoxy resin, and the metal electrodes are embedded into the epoxy resin, so that the generation of a plurality of pores in the gluing process of the three-layer insulating layer of the existing air gap model is avoided, and the irregular cleaning maintenance work caused by bolt fixation between the electrodes and the air gap part is omitted; in addition, the size and the position of the air bubble are easy to fix, and the mass production is convenient.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high-voltage discharge, in particular to a partial discharge test air gap discharge model and a machining method thereof.
Background
Partial discharge is an electrical discharge phenomenon in which insulation between conductors is broken down only in a partial region under the action of an electric field. By establishing a fault model and simulating the actual discharge phenomenon by using the partial discharge test platform, a plurality of works such as research and development of the partial discharge detection technology of the high-voltage electrical equipment, skill training, instrument verification and comparison and the like can be carried out. Partial discharge can be classified as air gap discharge (internal discharge), surface discharge, corona discharge, suspension discharge, etc., which is air gap discharge when it is generated in a solid insulation void, a liquid insulation bubble, or between insulation layers of different dielectric characteristics.
The air gap part of the existing air gap discharge model is mostly in a structure that three layers of insulating materials are bonded together, the insulating layers are easy to generate a plurality of air gaps due to uneven coating of insulating glue in the bonding process, the accuracy of a typical air gap discharge simulation test is seriously influenced, in addition, the air gap part and metal electrodes at two ends are mostly fixed by bolts, and the air gap part and the metal electrodes at two ends need to be cleaned and maintained irregularly, so that the workload of test personnel is increased; for the mode of establishing an air gap discharge model by blowing bubbles in epoxy resin glue, the timing and blowing amount of the blowing bubbles need to be well held, if the timing is not enough, the blown bubbles can easily rise to the position of the upper metal electrode before the epoxy resin is completely solidified, so that the significance of the metal electrode is lost, and if the blowing amount is not proper, a plurality of bubbles can be easily blown out, so that the air gap discharge model is rarely applied in practice and is more difficult to produce in batches.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a partial discharge test air gap discharge model and a processing method thereof, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a partial discharge test air gap discharge model comprises a mold I and a mold II, wherein the main body of the mold I is a plastic mold cup I with a cylindrical barreled structure, a nylon upper cover with a disc-shaped cover-shaped structure is sleeved at the upper end of the plastic mold cup I, a mounting groove with a cylindrical groove body structure is arranged at the middle position of the upper end of the nylon upper cover, an adjusting screw hole with a cylindrical hole-shaped structure is arranged at the bottom of the mounting groove, an upper stud is screwed in the adjusting screw hole, the lower end of the upper stud is fixedly connected with an upper metal electrode with a disc-shaped structure, pouring holes which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction are arranged on the wall body of the nylon upper cover and around the outer side of the mounting groove, a lower metal electrode with a disc-shaped structure is arranged at the bottom of the plastic mold cup I and at the corresponding position of the upper metal electrode, a locking screw hole with a cylindrical hole-shaped structure is arranged in the middle of the lower metal electrode, and a metal base, the middle of the metal base is sleeved with a lower stud, and the upper end of the lower stud is screwed and fixed with the locking screw hole;
the main body of the die II is a plastic die cup II with a thin-wall barrel-shaped structure, an air gap assembly with a cylindrical structure is arranged in the plastic die cup II, and the upper end face of the air gap assembly is an inwards-concave arc curved surface.
Preferably, the middle of the upper metal electrode is provided with a fixing screw hole of a cylindrical hole structure in threaded connection with the lower end of the upper stud, and the outer side of the fixing screw hole is provided with exhaust holes which are uniformly distributed and arranged in the circumferential direction.
Preferably, the lower end of the plastic mold cup I is provided with a positioning groove with a cylindrical groove body structure, and the bottom of the positioning groove is provided with a through hole I with a cylindrical hole structure matched with the lower stud in a sleeved mode.
Preferably, the upper end of the metal base is provided with a positioning boss of a cylindrical boss structure which is matched with the positioning groove in an embedded mode, and the middle of the metal base is provided with a through hole II of a cylindrical hole structure which is matched with the lower stud in a sleeved mode.
A partial discharge test air gap discharge model processing method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing materials and appliances, namely preparing a die I, a die II, epoxy resin A liquid, epoxy resin B liquid, a plastic cup, a sucker, a stirring rod, an injector, a rubber tube, an electronic scale and a grinding machine, wherein the die I and the die II are fixed with an upper metal electrode and a lower metal electrode;
step two: proportioning, namely weighing a proper amount of epoxy resin A liquid and epoxy resin B liquid according to the proportion of epoxy resin, mixing the epoxy resin A liquid and the epoxy resin B liquid, and uniformly stirring;
step three: vacuum defoaming, namely putting the uniformly mixed glue solution into a vacuum drying oven, vacuumizing, and discharging internal bubbles, wherein the air pressure required by the vacuum defoaming is 0.05MPa, the heating temperature is 50 ℃, and the heating time is 10 min;
step four: primary pouring, namely respectively pouring the lower part of the model and the air gap component by using a mould I and a mould II;
step five: performing primary heating and curing, namely putting part of the model and the air gap assembly cast in the previous step into a drying oven for heating, wherein the required air pressure is standard atmospheric pressure, the heating temperature is 50 ℃, and the heating time is 1.5 h;
step six: manufacturing a model air gap, taking out the mold I and the mold II from the drying box, matching the lower part of the model with the air gap assembly and manufacturing the model air gap;
step seven: performing secondary heating and curing, namely putting the mold I into a drying oven for heating to solidify the epoxy resin glue solution with the air gaps sealed, wherein the required air pressure during heating is standard atmospheric pressure, the heating temperature is 50 ℃, and the heating time is 1 h;
step eight: secondary pouring, namely covering a nylon upper cover fixed with an upper metal electrode, and pouring the upper metal electrode;
step nine: finally heating and curing, namely putting the cast mold I into a drying oven for final curing and heating, wherein the required air pressure during heating is standard atmospheric pressure, the heating temperature is 50 ℃, and the heating time is 2 hours;
step ten: and (3) performing post-processing, namely taking the air gap model of the initial prototype out of the mold I, polishing the air gap model of the initial prototype by using a polishing machine, and processing chamfers on the edges of the cylinder to make the model more attractive.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention has reasonable structure and strong functionality, and has the following advantages:
through ingenious design and ordered control processing steps, air gaps are generated in the epoxy resin, and the metal electrodes are embedded into the epoxy resin, so that the generation of a plurality of pores in the gluing process of the three-layer insulating layer of the existing air gap model is avoided, and the irregular cleaning maintenance work caused by bolt fixing between the electrodes and the air gap part is omitted; in addition, the size and the position of the air bubble are easy to fix, and the mass production is convenient; the position of the upper metal electrode is changed, the total height of epoxy resin pouring is changed, and the air gap discharge model suitable for different voltage levels can be manufactured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of model I;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a half-section structure of model II.
In the figure: 1. a plastic mold cup I; 2. a nylon upper cover; 3. a metal base; 4. an upper stud; 5. a lower stud; 6. an upper metal electrode; 7. a lower metal electrode; 8. a plastic mold cup II; 9. an air gap assembly; 101. positioning a groove; 102. a via I; 201. a pouring hole; 202. mounting grooves; 203. adjusting the screw hole; 301. a via hole II; 302. positioning the boss; 601. an exhaust hole; 602. fixing screw holes; 701. and locking the screw hole.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-3, the present invention provides a technical solution: a partial discharge test air gap discharge model comprises a mold I and a mold II, wherein the main body of the mold I is a plastic mold cup I1 with a cylindrical barreled structure, a nylon upper cover 2 with a disc-shaped cover-shaped structure is sleeved at the upper end of the plastic mold cup I1, a mounting groove 202 with a cylindrical groove body structure is arranged at the middle position of the upper end of the nylon upper cover 2, an adjusting screw hole 203 with a cylindrical hole-shaped structure is arranged at the bottom of the mounting groove 202, an upper stud 4 is screwed in the adjusting screw hole 203, an upper metal electrode 6 with a disc-shaped structure is fixedly connected at the lower end of the upper stud 4, pouring holes 201 which are uniformly distributed in a circumferential manner are arranged on the wall body of the nylon upper cover 2 and around the outer side of the mounting groove 202, a lower metal electrode 7 with a disc-shaped structure is arranged at the bottom of the plastic mold cup I1 and at the corresponding position of the upper metal electrode 6, and a locking screw hole 701, the lower end of the plastic mold cup I1 is embedded with a metal base 3 with a cylindrical step-shaped structure, the middle of the metal base 3 is sleeved with a lower stud 5, and the upper end of the lower stud 5 is screwed and fixed with a locking screw hole 701, wherein the plastic mold cup I1 is made of PP (polypropylene), the outer wall of the plastic mold cup I1 is marked with scales, a pouring hole 201 is used for being matched with an injector to pour epoxy resin glue solution and is also a passage for discharging gas in the epoxy resin curing stage, the metal base 3 is a support of the whole mold, and the position of an upper metal electrode 6 can be adjusted by rotating an upper stud 4 before pouring, so that the voltage grade born by a pre-pouring discharge model can be changed;
the main body of the mold II is a plastic mold cup II 8 with a thin-wall barrel-shaped structure, an air gap assembly 9 with a cylindrical structure is arranged in the plastic mold cup II 8, the upper end face of the air gap assembly 9 is an inwards concave arc curved surface, the plastic mold cup II 8 is made of PP materials, and scales are marked on the outer wall of the plastic mold cup II 8.
Furthermore, a fixing screw hole 602 of a cylindrical hole structure screwed with the lower end of the upper stud 4 is arranged in the middle of the upper metal electrode 6, and exhaust holes 601 uniformly distributed and arranged in the circumference are arranged on the outer side of the fixing screw hole 602.
Further, the lower end of the plastic mold cup I1 is provided with a positioning groove 101 with a cylindrical groove structure, and the bottom of the positioning groove 101 is provided with a through hole I102 with a cylindrical hole structure matched with the lower stud 5.
Furthermore, the upper end of the metal base 3 is provided with a positioning boss 302 of a cylindrical boss structure which is matched with the positioning groove 101 in an embedded manner, and the middle of the metal base 3 is provided with a through hole II 301 of a cylindrical hole structure which is matched with the lower stud 5 in a sleeved manner.
A partial discharge test air gap discharge model processing method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing materials and appliances, namely preparing a die I, a die II, epoxy resin A liquid, epoxy resin B liquid, a plastic cup, a sucker, a stirring rod, an injector, a rubber tube, an electronic scale and a grinding machine, wherein the die I and the die II are fixed with an upper metal electrode and a lower metal electrode;
step two: the method comprises the following steps of proportioning, weighing a proper amount of epoxy resin A liquid and epoxy resin B liquid according to the proportion of epoxy resin, mixing the epoxy resin A liquid and the epoxy resin B liquid, and uniformly stirring, wherein the proportion of the epoxy resin A liquid to the epoxy resin B liquid is 2:1, before operation, the operation space and all appliances in an operation hole family are kept in a clean and dry state, and during weighing, a plastic cup is placed on an electronic scale and is calibrated to zero, then weighing is carried out, and during stirring, a small-amplitude stirring action is adopted as far as possible, so that bubbles are prevented from being generated in glue liquid;
step three: vacuum defoaming, namely putting the uniformly mixed glue solution into a vacuum drying oven, vacuumizing, and discharging internal bubbles, wherein the air pressure required by the vacuum defoaming is 0.05MPa, the heating temperature is 50 ℃, and the heating time is 10min, in the process, most bubbles rise to the surface of the glue solution and can be automatically broken, and few unbroken suspended bubbles can be broken by a stirring rod after the vacuumizing;
step four: the lower part of the model and the air gap component are respectively cast by using a mould I and a mould II, wherein when the lower part of the model is cast by using the mould I, a nylon upper cover in a lower mould I, an upper stud fixed on the nylon upper cover and an upper metal electrode fixed at the lower end of the upper stud are taken firstly, a stirring rod is abutted against the lower metal electrode and is leaned against the edge of a mould cup, after the preparation work is done, the mixed glue solution after vacuum defoamation is poured out and slowly flows along the stirring rod, the casting is stopped after the liquid level reaches the target height, the height of the glue solution can be automatically set according to needs, when the air gap component is cast by using the mould II, the stirring rod is abutted against the bottom of a plastic mould cup II 8 firstly, the mixed glue solution after vacuum defoamation slowly flows into the plastic mould cup II 8 along the stirring rod, and the casting is stopped when the liquid level is 2-3mm away from the, the glue solution is in a concave liquid surface in the mold II due to the surface tension of the epoxy resin, and is finally solidified into an air gap component with an inwards concave curved surface structure after being heated and solidified;
step five: the method comprises the following steps of (1) performing primary heating and curing, namely putting part of the model and the air gap assembly cast in the previous step into a drying oven for heating, wherein the air pressure required during heating is standard atmospheric pressure, the heating temperature is 50 ℃, the heating time is 1.5 hours, after the primary heating, the epoxy resin in the mold enters a post-curing stage and becomes a gel which can be pressed by a thumb with little effort, the epoxy resin in the stage is only partially cured, and the newly used epoxy resin can still be chemically linked with the epoxy resin;
step six: manufacturing a model air gap, taking out the mold I and the mold II from a drying box, matching the lower part of the model with the air gap assembly and manufacturing the model air gap, sucking the air gap assembly in the mold II by using a sucking disc in the process, downwards placing the concave curved surface of the air gap assembly at the center of the resin surface in the mold I, forming an air gap between the air gap assembly and the resin surface in the mold I, slightly abutting the air gap assembly by using a stirring rod to temporarily fix the air gap assembly in order to keep the air gap, simultaneously pouring a small amount of residual mixed glue along the stirring rod, uniformly dispersing the glue on the surface of the air gap assembly to the contact boundary between the air gap assembly and the resin surface in the mold I by using another stirring rod, and blocking the air gap between the air gap assembly and the mold I to enable the air gap to be;
step seven: performing secondary heating and curing, namely putting the mold I into a drying oven for heating to solidify the epoxy resin glue solution for sealing the air gap, wherein the required air pressure during heating is standard atmospheric pressure, the heating temperature is 50 ℃, and the heating time is 1h, so that the air gap component is stabilized, the air gap component is prevented from deviating from the center of the mold when the upper part of the mold is poured in the later period, the heating time is required to ensure the stability of the air gap component, and the air gap component and the mixed glue solution are prevented from being excessively fused to influence the shape and the position of the air bubble when the upper part of the mold is poured in the later period;
step eight: the secondary pouring, cover the nylon upper cover fixed with upper metal electrode, carry on the pouring of the upper metal electrode, in this course, should buckle the nylon upper cover fixed with upper metal electrode for mould I first, then cover the rubber tube on the syringe needle side equipped with mixed glue solution, and make the rubber tube pass the pouring hole on the nylon upper cover and support the cup wall of the plastic mold cup I, promote the syringe to make the glue solution flow into slowly along the inner cup wall of the mould I, stop pouring when the glue solution exceeds the upper metal electrode, pay attention to in the whole course, suck slowly, push slowly while using the syringe, avoid extruding the syringe repeatedly and spurting the bubble;
step nine: finally heating and curing, namely putting the cast mold I into a drying oven for final curing and heating, wherein the required air pressure during heating is standard atmospheric pressure, the heating temperature is 50 ℃, and the heating time is 2 hours;
step ten: and (3) performing post-processing, namely taking the breath model of the initial prototype out of the mold I, polishing the air gap model of the initial prototype by using a polishing machine, and processing chamfers on the edges of the cylinder to make the model more attractive.
The working principle is as follows: the nylon upper cover 2, the upper stud 4 and the upper metal electrode 6 are taken down from the upper end of a plastic mold cup I1, defoamed epoxy resin glue solution is injected into the lower end of a plastic mold cup I1, when the glue solution reaches a set distance at the upper end of a lower metal electrode 7, the pouring of the lower part of a mold is completed, the defoamed epoxy resin glue solution is injected into a plastic mold cup II 8, when the liquid level is 2-3mm away from the top of the plastic mold cup II 8, the pouring is stopped, the glue solution is concave in the mold II due to the surface tension of the epoxy resin, after heating and curing, the glue solution is finally solidified into an air gap component 9 with an inwards concave curved surface structure, the air gap component 9 is reversely buckled at the upper end of the lower part of the mold, then the air gap component 9 is temporarily fixed, the nylon upper cover 2 with the upper metal electrode 6 is fixed on the upper end cover of the plastic mold cup I1, the pouring of the nylon upper cover 2 is used for pouring the upper metal electrode 6 on the upper end of the plastic mold cup I36, and after the pouring is finished, obtaining a primarily formed air gap model through heating and curing, taking the air gap model out of the mold I, and polishing to finally obtain the air gap model with attractive appearance.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a test air gap model of discharging is put in office, includes mould I and mould II, its characterized in that: the main body of the die I is a plastic die cup I (1) with a cylindrical barreled structure, a nylon upper cover (2) with a disc-shaped cover structure is sleeved at the upper end of the plastic die cup I (1), a mounting groove (202) with a cylindrical groove body structure is arranged at the middle position of the upper end of the nylon upper cover (2), a regulating screw hole (203) with a cylindrical hole structure is arranged at the bottom of the mounting groove (202), an upper stud (4) is screwed in the regulating screw hole (203), an upper metal electrode (6) with a disc-shaped structure is fixedly connected at the lower end of the upper stud (4), pouring holes (201) which are uniformly distributed in a circumferential manner are arranged on the wall body of the nylon upper cover (2) and around the outer side of the mounting groove (202), a lower metal electrode (7) with a disc-shaped structure is arranged at the bottom of the plastic die cup I (1) and at the corresponding position of the upper metal electrode (, a locking screw hole (701) with a cylindrical hole-shaped structure is formed in the middle of the lower metal electrode (7), a metal base (3) with a cylindrical step-shaped structure is embedded at the lower end of the plastic mold cup I (1), a lower stud (5) is sleeved in the middle of the metal base (3), and the upper end of the lower stud (5) is fixedly connected with the locking screw hole (701) in a threaded manner;
the main body of the die II is a plastic die cup II (8) with a thin-wall barrel-shaped structure, an air gap assembly (9) with a cylindrical structure is arranged in the plastic die cup II (8), and the upper end surface of the air gap assembly (9) is an inwards-concave arc curved surface.
2. The partial discharge test air gap discharge model of claim 1, wherein: the middle of the upper metal electrode (6) is provided with a fixing screw hole (602) of a cylindrical hole structure which is in threaded connection with the lower end of the upper stud (4), and the outer side of the fixing screw hole (602) is provided with exhaust holes (601) which are uniformly distributed and arranged in the circumferential direction.
3. The partial discharge test air gap discharge model of claim 1, wherein: the lower end of the plastic mold cup I (1) is provided with a positioning groove (101) with a cylindrical groove body structure, and the bottom of the positioning groove (101) is provided with a through hole I (102) with a cylindrical hole structure which is matched with the lower stud (5) in a sleeved mode.
4. The partial discharge test air gap discharge model of claim 1, wherein: the upper end of metal base (3) is equipped with location boss (302) with the cylindrical boss structure of constant head tank (101) looks embedded and joined in marriage, and is equipped with through-hole II (301) with the cylindrical pore structure of stud (5) looks cover fit down in the centre of metal base (3).
5. A partial discharge test air gap discharge model processing method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the processing flow of the product comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing materials and appliances, namely preparing a die I, a die II, epoxy resin A liquid, epoxy resin B liquid, a plastic cup, a sucker, a stirring rod, an injector, a rubber tube, an electronic scale and a grinding machine, wherein the die I and the die II are fixed with an upper metal electrode and a lower metal electrode;
step two: proportioning, namely weighing a proper amount of epoxy resin A liquid and epoxy resin B liquid according to the proportion of epoxy resin, mixing the epoxy resin A liquid and the epoxy resin B liquid, and uniformly stirring;
step three: vacuum defoaming, namely putting the uniformly mixed glue solution into a vacuum drying oven, vacuumizing, and discharging internal bubbles, wherein the air pressure required by the vacuum defoaming is 0.05MPa, the heating temperature is 50 ℃, and the heating time is 10 min;
step four: primary pouring, namely respectively pouring the lower part of the model and the air gap component by using a mould I and a mould II;
step five: performing primary heating and curing, namely putting part of the model and the air gap assembly cast in the previous step into a drying oven for heating, wherein the required air pressure is standard atmospheric pressure, the heating temperature is 50 ℃, and the heating time is 1.5 h;
step six: manufacturing a model air gap, taking out the mold I and the mold II from the drying box, matching the lower part of the model with the air gap assembly and manufacturing the model air gap;
step seven: performing secondary heating and curing, namely putting the mold I into a drying oven for heating to solidify the epoxy resin glue solution with the air gaps sealed, wherein the required air pressure during heating is standard atmospheric pressure, the heating temperature is 50 ℃, and the heating time is 1 h;
step eight: secondary pouring, namely covering a nylon upper cover fixed with an upper metal electrode, and pouring the upper metal electrode;
step nine: finally heating and curing, namely putting the cast mold I into a drying oven for final curing and heating, wherein the required air pressure during heating is standard atmospheric pressure, the heating temperature is 50 ℃, and the heating time is 2 hours;
step ten: and (3) performing post-processing, namely taking the breath model of the initial prototype out of the mold I, polishing the air gap model of the initial prototype by using a polishing machine, and processing chamfers on the edges of the cylinder to make the model more attractive.
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EP0228613B1 (en) * | 1985-12-12 | 1990-08-01 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Process for the detection of partial discharges and for measuring arc disruption in dynamo-electrical high-voltage machines, and circuit for carrying it out |
JP2009236887A (en) * | 2008-03-28 | 2009-10-15 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | Insulation fault detecting electrode structure and insulation fault detecting method |
CN103135085A (en) * | 2013-02-07 | 2013-06-05 | 广东电网公司电力科学研究院 | High-repeatability standard bubble discharge model device |
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