CN109470936A - KIDs noise of detector test circuit and test method based on active orthogonal frequency mixer - Google Patents
KIDs noise of detector test circuit and test method based on active orthogonal frequency mixer Download PDFInfo
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
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- G01R29/26—Measuring noise figure; Measuring signal-to-noise ratio
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of, and the KIDs noise of detector based on active orthogonal frequency mixer tests circuit and test method, the test circuit is characterised by comprising the component parts such as frequency synthesizer source, directional coupler, KIDs detector reading circuit module, adjustable phase shifter, active mixting circuit module, filter circuit module, data collecting card and control computer.The present invention tests circuit using broadband gilbert's double flat weighing apparatus active orthogonal mixting circuit structure as nucleus module, the achievable noise testing to KIDs detector chip works, with the very outstanding amplitude/phase degree of balance and interport isolation, the spurious dc bias that its intermediate frequency output port generates is faint, measurement is accurate, and no longer need to individually calibrate frequency mixer, measurement process is simplified, while reducing the power level in frequency synthesizer source.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of, and the KIDs noise of detector based on active orthogonal frequency mixer tests circuit and test method, belongs to
In Terahertz/optical technology research field.
Background technique
Superconduction dynamic inductance detector (Kinetic Inductance Detectors, KIDs) is that a kind of new type low temperature is high
Sensitivity detector can be used for from millimeter wave to Terahertz, the observation of the target imaging of optics/ultraviolet, X-ray, γ frequency range.KIDs
Detector core circuit is mainly made of two parts of photon signal receiver and microwave resonator, according to KIDs working principle,
When external radio-frequency signal irradiates KIDs detector, receiver receives that the rupture of superconduction Cooper pair, general occur after photon energy
Lead to the variation of the dynamic electric resistor and dynamic inductance of microwave resonator, so as to cause microwave resonator characteristic (Q factor, amplitude,
Phase etc.) variation.(amplitude or phase) change information of microwave resonator is obtained by reading circuit, can indirect detection to entering
Penetrate the information characteristics of photon signal.Since KIDs detector microwave resonator can be realized more than 104Above high q-factor design, makes
Be possible to couple on a single transmission line multiple (> 1000) become with KIDs detector of different resonance frequencies can
Energy.It is additional one-to-one with the resonance frequency of KIDs detector array elements on the transmission line according to comb signal generator
Pumping signal can be read simultaneously by frequency division multiplexing FDM (Frequency DiVision Multiplexing) technology
All output signals of KIDs detector array.
Noise, especially phase noise, be characterize KIDs detector performance and computing system sensitivity major parameter it
One.Current general KIDs noise testing hardware system generally mostly uses microwave passive orthogonal mixer, in conjunction with low noise amplification
The auxiliary circuits module such as device, power splitter, adjustable attenuator, fixed attenuator, bandpass filter, low-pass filter, by with poor
The mode of mixing (Homodyne) realizes the measurement to noise, handles the data of the orthogonal IF output signal of two-way
Phase noise and amplitude noise are obtained simultaneously.But the orthogonal medium frequency output end of the two-way of passive quadrature frequency mixer generally there are amplitude and
Unbalance in phase phenomenon, and the problem of specific value changes with frequency, this makes the calibration of orthogonal mixer become one
Process complicated and that requirement is quite high.In addition, microwave passive orthogonal mixer needs biggish local oscillator excitation level.This aspect
High requirement is proposed to the output power levels in frequency synthesizer source, on the other hand but also medium frequency output end is in the presence of parasitic biggish straight
Bias is flowed, the multiple of direct current amplification and the dynamic range of A/D conversion sample circuit are limited.
Summary of the invention
Based on the prior art is defective, the present invention provides one kind, can to improve the prior art insufficient, based on active
The KIDs noise of detector test circuit and test method of orthogonal mixer.
The technical solution provided by the invention for realizing above-mentioned purpose are as follows:
A kind of KIDs noise of detector based on active orthogonal frequency mixer tests circuit, which is characterized in that including frequency synthesizer source,
Directional coupler, KIDs detector reading circuit module, adjustable phase shifter, active mixting circuit module, filter circuit module, number
According to capture card and control computer；
The output signal in the frequency synthesizer source is divided into two-way, the two-way output end of the directional coupler by directional coupler
It is connect respectively with the input terminal of the read output signal input terminal of KIDs detector reading circuit module, adjustable phase shifter；The KIDs
The read output signal output end of detector reading circuit module is connect with the RF signal input end of active mixting circuit module, adjustable
The output end of phase shifter is connect with the local oscillation signal input terminal of active mixting circuit module；And the two-way of active mixting circuit module
Intermediate-freuqncy signal output end then passes through filter circuit module and connect with data collecting card；The signal output end of the data collecting card with
The signal input part connection of the control computer, controls the signal output end of computer and the control signal input in frequency synthesizer source
Connection；
The KIDs detector reading circuit module includes the first adjustable attenuator that read output signal input terminal is arranged in, if
Set the second adjustable attenuator in read output signal output end, the output end of first adjustable attenuator by the first block isolating device with
The input terminal of first low temperature attenuator connects, and the output end of the first low temperature attenuator is decayed by the second block isolating device and the second low temperature
The input terminal of device is connected, the input terminal phase of the second low temperature attenuator output end and the KIDs detector chip being mounted in sample box
Even, the input terminal of the output end of KIDs detector chip and low temperature low noise amplifier connects, the low temperature low noise amplifier
Output end connect with the input terminal of third low temperature attenuator, output end and the room temperature low noise of the third low temperature attenuator are put
The input terminal of big device is connected, and the input terminal end of room temperature low-noise amplifier is connected by third block isolating device and the second adjustable attenuator
It connects；First, second adjustable attenuator, first, third block isolating device and room temperature low-noise amplifier are in normal temperature environment, institute
The first, second, third low temperature attenuator, the second block isolating device are stated, low temperature low noise amplifier and detector chip are arranged in low temperature
In Dewar device, and second block isolating device is double isolation block isolating devices；
The active mixting circuit module includes two gilbert's double balanced mixers and a multiphase orthogonal splitter,
Into active mixting circuit module radiofrequency signal differential signal is converted to by the first wideband balun after, be divided into two-way into two
A gilbert's double balanced mixer；Local oscillation signal into active mixting circuit module is converted to difference by the second wideband balun
After sub-signal, it is divided into the constant-amplitude signal of 90 ° of two-way phase phase difference by the multiphase orthogonal splitter, then respectively enters
The differential signal of two gilbert's double balanced mixers, the output of two gilbert's double balanced mixers then passes through instrument respectively
After amplifier is converted into single port signal, the intermediate-freuqncy signal as active mixting circuit module is exported；
The filter circuit module is set there are two low-pass filter, two instrument amplifiers one with active mixting circuit module
One is correspondingly connected with, and is sent to the data acquisition after the low-pass filtered device processing of the two-way intermediate-freuqncy signal of active mixting circuit module
Card, the cutoff frequency of the low-pass filter are lower than 1MHz.
On the basis of above scheme, further improvement or preferred scheme further include:
In KIDs detector reading circuit module, the adjustable extent value of first, second adjustable attenuator is 0~
62dB, the room temperature low-noise amplifier, low temperature low noise amplifier are+40dB amplifier, the first low temperature attenuator
For 10dB attenuator, the second low temperature attenuator is 20dB attenuator, and third low temperature attenuator is 3dB attenuator.
The room temperature low-noise amplifier is the low-noise amplifier that noise coefficient is not higher than 5dB, the low temperature low noise
Amplifier is the low-noise amplifier that noise temperature is not higher than 20K.
A kind of KIDs noise of detector test method based on test circuit as described above, which is characterized in that including following
Step:
(1) KIDs detector chip to be measured is installed in the sample box of KIDs detector reading circuit module, is installed
After testing circuit well, by the input of KIDs detector reading circuit module, the attenuation of the first, second adjustable attenuator of output end
It is adjusted to maximum, opens the DC power supply of the low temperature low noise amplifier, room temperature low-noise amplifier, instrument amplifier；
(2) by control computer installation frequency synthesizer source, it is humorous that the frequency in frequency synthesizer source is accurately located to KIDs detector chip
At the centre frequency of device of shaking, the power level in frequency synthesizer source is arranged in 0dBm, the power output in later on frequency synthesizer source；
(3) by control computer turn-on data capture card, make it that low speed of the sample frequency not higher than 1kHz be kept to sample
State, and by gained DC data real-time display on the screen of control computer, and it is recorded as two orthogonal intermediate-freuqncy signals of I, Q
The reference voltage V of outputI0、VQ0, wherein intermediate-freuqncy signal I is benchmark signal, intermediate-freuqncy signal Q be with 90 ° of its phase phase difference just
Hand over signal；
(4) according to the priori knowledge to surveyed KIDs detector chip, the attenuation of the first adjustable attenuator is set, is made
Read output signal into KIDs chip is in optimal level；The attenuation of second adjustable attenuator is set, is guaranteeing room temperature low noise
Acoustic amplifier is in linear work area and under the premise of frequency mixer is in fundamental wave mixing area, makes KIDs detector reading circuit mould
The link gain of block is maximum；
The adjustable phase shifter is adjusted, until the amplitude size of two orthogonal intermediate-freuqncy signals of I, Q is identical, records two-way at this time
The D. C. value V of intermediate-freuqncy signal I, Q output voltageI1、VQ1；
It is anchored the characteristic vector of noise signal to be measured, by VI1、VQ1The V obtained with step (3)I0、VQ0Bring into formula (1),
Formula (2) calculates the amplitude V of the characteristic vectorMAnd phase theta:
θ=tan-1((VI1-VI0)/(VQ1-VQ0)) (2)
(5) data collecting card is adjusted to the high speed acquisition state that sample frequency is not less than 1MHz, at one section of continuous acquisition
Between data VIn(t) and VQn(t), the VIn(t) and VQn(t) be respectively two-way intermediate-freuqncy signal output voltage function of time value,
T is sampling instant；
(6) by VIO、VQO、VM、θ、VIn(t)、VQn(t) formula (3) and formula (4) are brought into, utilizes formula (3), formula (4)
The data obtained to step (5) are handled, and obtain the time domain for resolving into the noise signal of two direction vectors of amplitude and phase
Data；
M (t)=[(VIn(t)-VIO)cosθ+(VQn(t)-VQ0)sinθ]/VM (3)
Φ (t)=[- (VIn(t)-VI0)sinθ+(VQn(t)-VQ0)cosθ]/VM (4)。
(7) power Spectral Estimation is carried out by time domain data of the computer digital animation program to the noise signal, obtained
The frequency domain data of the KIDs detector chip noise signal.
The sampling time of the step (5) is not less than 10s.
The utility model has the advantages that
1) the present invention provides one kind using broadband gilbert's double flat weighing apparatus active orthogonal mixting circuit structure as nucleus module
Test circuit, the achievable noise testing to KIDs detector chip works.Gilbert's active orthogonal frequency mixer is using poor
Form-separating effectively reduces common mold noise interference as input/output port.And this type orthogonal mixer has very
The outstanding amplitude/phase degree of balance and interport isolation, the spurious dc bias that medium frequency output end mouth generates are very faint.Thus
Noise testing can be accurately carried out, and no longer needs to individually calibrate frequency mixer, simplifies measurement process.
2) since gilbert mixer has conversion gain, the amplification factor of subsequent dc amplifier is obviously reduced,
It is also beneficial to the dynamic range for improving circuit system.In addition, the type active mixer uses externally input direct current
Pressure provides operating bias, and the requirement to local oscillator excitation power is significantly reduced.
3) it is converted into using instrument amplifier as by the differential type IF output signal of gilbert's double balanced mixer
The main devices of monofocal IF output signal can provide voltage amplification gain appropriate in present invention test circuit and mix
Buffering between frequency device medium frequency output end and analogue-digital converter is isolated, and guarantees output voltage always on the occasion of (relative to work electricity
Pressure), therefore can be worked normally using electrode.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram that the KIDs noise of detector based on active orthogonal frequency mixer tests circuit；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of active mixting circuit module；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of KIDs detector reading circuit module.
Specific embodiment
In order to illustrate technical solution of the present invention, further to the present invention it is situated between with being embodied with reference to the accompanying drawing
It continues.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of KIDs noise of detector test circuit based on active orthogonal frequency mixer, including frequency synthesizer source 1,
Directional coupler 2, KIDs detector reading circuit module 3, adjustable phase shifter 4, active mixting circuit module 5, filter circuit mould
Block, data collecting card 8 and the control component parts such as computer, major function be realize to the amplitude of KIDs detector chip and
Phase noise measurement.
The signal output end in the frequency synthesizer source 1 is connect with directional coupler 2, outputs it signal by directional coupler 2
It is divided into two-way, two output ends of the directional coupler 2 are inputted with the signal of KIDs detector reading circuit module 3 respectively
The input terminal connection at end, adjustable phase shifter 4.The signal output end of the KIDs detector reading circuit module 3 is mixed with active
The RF signal input end of circuit module 5 connects, and the local oscillator of the output end of adjustable phase shifter 4 and active mixting circuit module 5 is believed
The connection of number input terminal；And the two-way intermediate-freuqncy signal output end of active mixting circuit module 5 then passes through filter circuit module and data
Capture card 8 connects；The signal output end of the data collecting card 8 is connect with the signal input part of the control computer, is controlled
The signal output end of computer is connect with the control signal input in frequency synthesizer source 1.
In the present embodiment, the highly stable frequency synthesizer that the frequency synthesizer source 1 can preferably be fine-tuned using frequency is
KIDs detector chip provides pumping signal and provides local oscillation signal for active mixer module 5.
As shown in figure 3, the KIDs detector reading circuit module 3 can including being arranged in the first of read output signal input terminal
The second adjustable attenuator 310 of read output signal output end is arranged in controlled attenuator 301.First adjustable attenuator 301 it is defeated
Enter end to connect with the signal output end all the way of the directional coupler 2, the output end of the first adjustable attenuator 301 pass through first every
Straight device 302 is connect with the input terminal of the first low temperature attenuator 303, and the output end of the first low temperature attenuator 303 passes through the second blocking
Device 304 is connected with the input terminal of the second low temperature attenuator 305,305 output end of the second low temperature attenuator and is mounted in sample box
The input terminal of KIDs detector chip be connected, the output end of KIDs detector chip is defeated with low temperature low noise amplifier 306
Enter end connection, the output end of the low temperature low noise amplifier 306 is connect with the input terminal of third low temperature attenuator 307, described
The output end of third low temperature attenuator 307 is connected with the input terminal of room temperature low-noise amplifier 308, room temperature low-noise amplifier
308 input terminal is connect by third block isolating device 309 with the second adjustable attenuator 310, second adjustable attenuator 310 it is defeated
Outlet is connect with the RF signal input end of active mixting circuit module 5.KIDs detector reading circuit module 3 passes through block isolating device
Realize being thermally isolated between different cold grades；By room temperature thermal noise outside low temperature attenuator reduction Dewar to superconduction KIDs detector core
The influence of chip centroid；Signal power amplification is provided by low temperature low noise amplifier and room temperature low-noise amplifier；Pass through radio frequency
The adjustable attenuator of input terminal and output end, convenient for adjusting incoming level and output level to level appropriate.
In the present embodiment, first adjustable attenuator, the second adjustable attenuator, the first block isolating device, third block isolating device and
Room temperature low-noise amplifier 308 is in the normal temperature environment of about 300K, the first low temperature attenuator, the second low temperature attenuator,
Third low temperature attenuator, the second block isolating device 304, low temperature low noise amplifier 306, detector chip are then arranged in 4.2K's or so
In cooled cryostat device.The attenuation of the first low temperature attenuator 303 is set as 10dB, the decaying of the second low temperature attenuator 305
Amount is 20dB, and the attenuation of third low temperature attenuator 307 is 3dB.The low temperature low noise amplifier 306, room temperature low noise are put
Big device 308 is all made of the unit module amplifier or cascade amplifier of+40dB gain.Second block isolating device 304 using it is double every
From block isolating device, the decaying adjustable extent of first, second adjustable attenuator is 0~62dB.The room temperature low-noise amplifier
308 noise coefficient is not higher than 5dB, is preferably not higher than 3dB, the noise temperature of the low temperature low noise amplifier be not higher than
20K (Kelvin).
As shown in Fig. 2, the active mixting circuit module 5 is equipped with first the 503, second Ji of gilbert's double balanced mixer
That Bert double balanced mixer 504, the first wideband balun 501, the second wideband balun 502, multiphase orthogonal splitter and the first instrument
Table amplifier 505, second instrument amplifier 50.Radiofrequency signal into active mixting circuit module 5 passes through the first wideband balun
After 501 are converted to differential signal, it is divided into two-way into two gilbert's double balanced mixers.Into active mixting circuit module
After 5 local oscillation signal is converted to differential signal by the second wideband balun 502, it is divided by the multiphase orthogonal splitter
Then the constant-amplitude signal of 90 ° of two-way phase phase difference respectively enters two gilbert's double balanced mixers again, if into the first Ji
Your Bert double balanced mixer 503 is benchmark signal, into the orthogonal signalling of second gilbert's double balanced mixer 504.
First gilbert's double balanced mixer 503 is connect with first instrument amplifier 505, by first instrument amplifier 505 by its
After the differential signal of output is converted into single port signal, the intermediate-freuqncy signal all the way as active mixting circuit module 5 is exported, and is set as
I；Second gilbert's double balanced mixer 504 is connect with second instrument amplifier 506, will by second instrument amplifier 506
After its differential signal exported is converted into single port signal, the another way intermediate-freuqncy signal as active mixting circuit module 5 is exported,
It is set as Q.Two-way intermediate-freuqncy signal completes the conversion of differential signal to single-ended signal by the amplifying circuit of instrument amplifier, and can
Certain voltage gain is provided to facilitate the acquisition of subsequent high-speed data acquisition card.In active mixting circuit module 5, frequency mixer is each
A internal port all uses difference form as input/output port, and pair of circuit is effectively guaranteed in this difference form
Title property, and reduce common mold noise interference.Due to most of microwave signal sources and still using single port form, broadband is used
Balun will carry out the device of single-ended-differential conversion as realization between local oscillator/prevention at radio-frequency port peripheral circuits.And intermediate frequency output letter
It number is transformed into after single-ended format, required analog-digital converter number can also halve.
It has connected before the local oscillator port of the active mixting circuit module 5 a broadband coaxial adjustable phase shifter 4, effect
It is the relative phase difference changed between local oscillation signal and radiofrequency signal, it is orthogonal so as to adjust active 5 two-way of mixting circuit module
The amplitude size of IF output signal, to reduce influence of the spurious dc bias to test result.The data of the present embodiment acquire
In the process, the spurious dc bias of two-way intermediate frequency output is less than 10mV, and just due to gilbert's double balanced mixer and multiphase
Splitter is handed over to mostly use mature microelectronic technique that microwave integrated circuit chip is made at present, by the symmetry and maturation of its structure
The high-precision processing of microelectronic technique provides guarantee, and the range error that the output of two-way intermediate frequency may be implemented is less than 0.1dBc, orthogonal
Phase error is less than 1 °, it can be considered that gilbert's double balanced mixer is in application scheme close to ideal orthogonal mixed
Frequency device, it is no longer necessary to which special calibration process is carried out to frequency mixer itself.Meanwhile in the present embodiment, gilbert's double flat weighs
Local oscillator excitation level needed for frequency mixer is controlled in 0dBm or so, and in contrast, tradition is the same as poor mixed phase noise testing
Level needed for passive quadrature frequency mixer in scheme can be reduced at least more than 13dBm, the frequency synthesizer power level in frequency synthesizer source of the present invention
One magnitude.
The filter circuit module is equipped with the first low-pass filter 6 and the second low-pass filter 7, respectively with first, second
Instrument amplifier connection is sent to the number after the low-pass filtered device processing of the two-way intermediate-freuqncy signal of active mixting circuit module 5
Direct current phase noise signal subject to the signal exported according to capture card 8,5 intermediate frequency of mixting circuit module, required low-pass filter are cut
Only frequency is lower than 1MHz, can use LC sticking-element designed, designed difference passive low ventilating filter, and it is suitable to select
Active filter IC chip.
The data collecting card 8 selects data acquiring frequency to reach 1MHz or more, high-precision degree of the precision in 16bit or more
According to capture card, the signal acquisition of Lai Shixian high s/n ratio improves phase noise measurement precision.
It further includes a control computer (not shown) that the present invention, which tests circuit, and the function of the control computer is mainly
It realizes the control to frequency synthesizer source 1 (frequency synthesizer) and data collecting card 8, and KIDs detector chip noiseproof feature is measured
Data processing etc..
A kind of KIDs noise of detector test method based on test circuit as described above, comprising the following steps:
(1) KIDs detector chip to be measured is installed in the sample box of KIDs detector reading circuit module 3, is pacified
After installing test circuit, the first, second adjustable attenuator of the input of KIDs detector reading circuit module 3, output end is declined
Decrement is adjusted to maximum, and the initial excitation level to avoid low-noise amplifier is excessive and is saturated or damages；It is then turned on described
Low temperature low noise amplifier, room temperature low-noise amplifier, instrument amplifier DC power supply；
(2) by control computer installation frequency synthesizer source, it is humorous that the frequency in frequency synthesizer source is accurately located to KIDs detector chip
At the centre frequency of device of shaking, by the power level setting in frequency synthesizer source in 0dBm, later on frequency synthesizer source 1 carries out power output；
(3) by control computer turn-on data capture card, make it that low speed of the sample frequency not higher than 1kHz be kept to sample
State, and by gained DC data real-time display on the screen of control computer, and it is recorded as two orthogonal intermediate-freuqncy signals of I, Q
The reference voltage V of outputI0、VQ0, wherein intermediate-freuqncy signal I is benchmark signal, intermediate-freuqncy signal Q be with 90 ° of its phase phase difference just
Hand over signal；
(4) according to the priori knowledge to surveyed KIDs detector chip, the attenuation of the first adjustable attenuator is set, is made
Read output signal into KIDs chip is in optimal level；The attenuation of second adjustable attenuator is set, is guaranteeing room temperature low noise
Acoustic amplifier is in linear work area and under the premise of frequency mixer is in fundamental wave mixing area, makes KIDs detector reading circuit mould
The link gain of block is maximum；
The adjustable phase shifter is adjusted, until the amplitude size of two orthogonal intermediate-freuqncy signals of I, Q is essentially identical, record is at this time
The D. C. value V of two-way intermediate-freuqncy signal I, Q output voltageI1、VQ1；
It is anchored the characteristic vector of noise signal to be measured, by VI1、VQ1The V obtained with step (3)I0、VQ0Bring into formula (1),
Formula (2) calculates the amplitude V of the characteristic vectorMAnd phase theta:
θ=tan-1((VI1-VI0)/(VQ1-VQ0)) (2)
(5) by data collecting card be adjusted to sample frequency be not less than 1MHz high speed acquisition state, continuous acquisition 10s with
On data VIn(t) and VQn(t), the VIn(t) and VQn(t) be respectively two-way intermediate-freuqncy signal output voltage function of time value,
T is sampling instant；
(6) by VI0、VQ0、VM、θ、VIn(t)、VQn(t) formula (3) and formula (4) are brought into, utilizes formula (3), formula (4)
The data obtained to step (5) are handled, and obtain the time domain for resolving into the noise signal of two direction vectors of amplitude and phase
Data；
M (t)=[(VIn(t)-VI0)cosθ+(VQn(t)-VQ0)sinθ]/VM (3)
Φ (t)=[- (VIn(t)-VI0)sinθ+(VQn(t)-VQ0)cosθ]/VM (4)
(7) power Spectral Estimation is carried out by time domain data of the computer digital animation program to the noise signal, obtained
The frequency domain data of the KIDs detector chip noise signal.
In above-mentioned steps (four), two-way orthogonal intermediate frequency output is tuned into onesize, helps to efficiently use data acquisition
The bit of card, and the influence by spurious dc bias to test result is reduced to minimum.
The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above.The technology of the industry
Personnel are it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and description only describe this
The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and improvements may be made to the invention, the present invention
Claimed range is delineated by the appended claims, the specification and equivalents thereof from the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. the KIDs noise of detector based on active orthogonal frequency mixer tests circuit, which is characterized in that including frequency synthesizer source (1), determine
To coupler (2), KIDs detector reading circuit module (3), adjustable phase shifter (4), active mixting circuit module (5), filtering
Circuit module, data collecting card (8) and control computer；
The output signal of the frequency synthesizer source (1) is divided into two-way, the two-way of the directional coupler (2) by directional coupler (2)
The output end input with the read output signal input terminal of KIDs detector reading circuit module (3) and adjustable phase shifter (4) respectively
End connection；The read output signal output end of the KIDs detector reading circuit module (3) is penetrated with active mixting circuit module (5)
The local oscillation signal input terminal of the connection of frequency signal input part, the output end of adjustable phase shifter (4) and active mixting circuit module (5) connects
It connects；And the two-way intermediate-freuqncy signal output end of active mixting circuit module (5) then passes through filter circuit module and data collecting card (8)
Connection；The signal output end of the data collecting card (8) is connect with the signal input part of the control computer, controls computer
Signal output end connect with the control signal input of frequency synthesizer source (1)；
The KIDs detector reading circuit module (3) includes the first adjustable attenuator that read output signal input terminal is arranged in
(301), the second adjustable attenuator (310) of read output signal output end, the output of first adjustable attenuator (301) are set
End is connect by the first block isolating device (302) with the input terminal of the first low temperature attenuator (303), the first low temperature attenuator (303)
Output end is connected by the second block isolating device (304) with the input terminal of the second low temperature attenuator (305), the second low temperature attenuator
(305) output end is connected with the input terminal for the KIDs detector chip being mounted in sample box, the output of KIDs detector chip
End is connect with the input terminal of low temperature low noise amplifier (306), the output end and third of the low temperature low noise amplifier (306)
The input terminal of low temperature attenuator (307) connects, the output end and room temperature low-noise amplifier of the third low temperature attenuator (307)
(308) input terminal is connected, and the input terminal end of room temperature low-noise amplifier (308) can by third block isolating device (309) and second
Controlled attenuator (310) connection；First, second adjustable attenuator, first, third block isolating device and room temperature low-noise amplifier
(308) in normal temperature environment, the first, second, third low temperature attenuator, the second block isolating device (304), low temperature low noise is put
Big device (306) and detector chip are arranged in cooled cryostat device, and second block isolating device (304) is double isolation blockings
Device；
The active mixting circuit module (5) include two gilbert's double balanced mixers (503,504) and a multiphase just
Splitter is handed over, the radiofrequency signal into active mixting circuit module (5) is converted to differential signal by the first wideband balun (501)
Afterwards, it is divided into two-way into two gilbert's double balanced mixers；Local oscillation signal into active mixting circuit module (5) passes through
After second wideband balun (502) is converted to differential signal, two-way phase phase difference is divided by the multiphase orthogonal splitter
Then 90 ° of constant-amplitude signal respectively enters two gilbert's double balanced mixers, two gilbert's double balanced mixers
(503,504) after the differential signal exported is then converted into single port signal by instrument amplifier respectively, as active mixing electricity
The intermediate-freuqncy signal of road module (5) exports；
The filter circuit module is set there are two low-pass filter, two instrument amplifiers one with active mixting circuit module (5)
One is correspondingly connected with, and is sent to the data after the low-pass filtered device processing of the two-way intermediate-freuqncy signal of active mixting circuit module (5)
Capture card (8), the cutoff frequency of the low-pass filter are lower than 1MHz.
2. the KIDs noise of detector according to claim 1 based on active orthogonal frequency mixer tests circuit, feature exists
In:
In KIDs detector reading circuit module (3), the adjustable extent value of first, second adjustable attenuator is 0~62dB,
The room temperature low-noise amplifier, low temperature low noise amplifier are+40dB amplifier, the first low temperature attenuator (303)
For 10dB attenuator, the second low temperature attenuator (305) is 20dB attenuator, and third low temperature attenuator (307) is 3dB attenuator.
3. the KIDs noise of detector according to claim 1 based on active orthogonal frequency mixer tests circuit, feature exists
In:
The room temperature low-noise amplifier (308) is the low-noise amplifier that noise coefficient is not higher than 5dB, the low temperature low noise
Amplifier (306) is the low-noise amplifier that noise temperature is not higher than 20K.
4. it is a kind of based on the KIDs noise of detector test method for testing circuit as described in any one of claim 1-3, it is special
Sign is, comprising the following steps:
(1) KIDs detector chip to be measured is installed in the sample box of KIDs detector reading circuit module, installs survey
After trying circuit, by the attenuation tune of the first, second adjustable attenuator of KIDs detector reading circuit module input and output side
To maximum, and open the DC power supply of the low temperature low noise amplifier, room temperature low-noise amplifier, instrument amplifier；
(2) by control computer installation frequency synthesizer source, the frequency in frequency synthesizer source is accurately located to KIDs detector chip resonator
Centre frequency at, the power level in frequency synthesizer source is arranged in 0dBm, the power output in later on frequency synthesizer source；
(3) by control computer turn-on data capture card, make it that low speed of the sample frequency not higher than 1kHz be kept to sample shape
State, and by gained DC data real-time display on the screen of control computer, and it is defeated to be recorded as two orthogonal intermediate-freuqncy signals of I, Q
Reference voltage V outI0、VQ0, wherein intermediate-freuqncy signal I is benchmark signal, and intermediate-freuqncy signal Q is orthogonal with 90 ° of its phase phase difference
Signal；
(4) according to the priori knowledge to surveyed KIDs detector chip, the attenuation of the first adjustable attenuator is set, makes to enter
The read output signal of KIDs chip is in optimal level；The attenuation of second adjustable attenuator is set, is put in guarantee room temperature low noise
Big device is in linear work area and under the premise of frequency mixer is in fundamental wave mixing area, makes KIDs detector reading circuit module
Link gain is maximum；
The adjustable phase shifter is adjusted, until the amplitude size of two orthogonal intermediate-freuqncy signals of I, Q is identical, records two-way intermediate frequency at this time
The D. C. value V of signal I, Q output voltageI1、VQ1；
It is anchored the characteristic vector of noise signal to be measured, by VI1、VQ1The V obtained with step (3)I0、VQ0Bring formula (1), formula into
(2), the amplitude V of the characteristic vector is calculatedMAnd phase theta:
θ=tan-1((VI1-VI0)/(VQ1-VQ0)) (2)
(5) data collecting card is adjusted to the high speed acquisition state that sample frequency is not less than 1MHz, continuous acquisition is for a period of time
Data VIn(t) and VQn(t), the VIn(t) and VQn(t) be respectively two-way intermediate-freuqncy signal output voltage function of time value, t is
Sampling instant；
(6) by VI0、VQ0、VM、θ、VIn(t)、VQn(t) formula (3) and formula (4) are brought into, using formula (3), formula (4) to step
Suddenly the data that (five) obtain are handled, and the time domain number for resolving into the noise signal of two direction vectors of amplitude and phase is obtained
According to；
M (t)=[(VIn(t)-VI0)cosθ+(VQn(t)-VQ0)sinθ]/VM (3)
Φ (t)=[- (VIn(t)-VI0)sinθ+(VQn(t)-VQ0)cosθ]/VM (4)。
5. the noise testing method of KIDs detector according to claim 4, which is characterized in that further comprising the steps of:
(7) power Spectral Estimation is carried out by time domain data of the computer digital animation program to the noise signal, obtained described
The frequency domain data of KIDs detector chip noise signal.
6. the noise testing method of KIDs detector according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the step (5) is adopted
The sample time is not less than 10s.
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