CN109467799A - A kind of composite material prepared using solid waste as matrix and preparation method - Google Patents
A kind of composite material prepared using solid waste as matrix and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109467799A CN109467799A CN201710805527.5A CN201710805527A CN109467799A CN 109467799 A CN109467799 A CN 109467799A CN 201710805527 A CN201710805527 A CN 201710805527A CN 109467799 A CN109467799 A CN 109467799A
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- composite material
- waste
- polypropylene
- polyvinyl chloride
- solid waste
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
- C08L23/12—Polypropene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/02—Flame or fire retardant/resistant
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
- C08L2205/035—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/08—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing additives to improve the compatibility between two polymers
Abstract
The present invention is that raw material prepares composite material using solid waste, with offal treatment waste, realize the resource utilization of waste plastic, pass through the allotment of compatilizer maleic anhydride inoculated polypropylene and the filling of abandoned car thermosetting plastics particle, success is blended and is prepared for a kind of advanced composite material (ACM), the composite material is tertiary blending composite material, has preferable flame retardant property, preferable mechanical property.In preparation using high-speed mixer, double roller cylinder open mill, it is hot-forming prepare composite material, it is easy to operate, product can be directly obtained.It is easy to continuous production, there is certain prospects for commercial application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of composite material and preparation methods, more particularly to utilize the composite wood of solid waste preparation
Material, further to the waste thermosetting plastics using junked-auto.
Background technique
With the rapid development of the automotive industry, motor vehicle liquidation amount also sharply increases, thus bring resource recycling
Problem causes the attention of various countries.Use about 50 kinds of thermoplastics and thermosetting plasticses on each automobile, predominantly polypropylene, poly-
Ethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane, polycarbonate, the polyester of glass fiber reinforcement, polyamide etc..According to statistics, the report disassembled every year
Waste vapour vehicle is about 1,000,000, and about 20,000 tons of waste thermosetting plastics.Currently, landfill and burning are processing waste thermosetting plastics
Main method.But landfill disposal occupies limited arable land, serious waste polluted land resources.And plastics are in burning process
In, polymer cracks, and releases a large amount of pernicious gas, generates cyanide as polyurethane burns.
Polypropylene and polyvinyl chloride are the general-purpose plastics being most widely used at present.Polyvinyl chloride has wear-resisting, fire retardant, anti-
The advantages that chemical attack, good steam low-permeability.In addition, its comprehensive mechanical performance, the product transparency, electrical insulating property, noise elimination and
Shock absorbing performance is also relatively good, since its higher cost performance is widely used in construction material, is usually used to production plastics
Door and window, wire casing, downcomer etc..But vinyl chloride also enbrittles that big, thermal stability is bad, processing performance is bad, is easy aging etc.
Disadvantage.And polypropylene is a kind of highly crystalline type polymer of compound with regular structure, density is low, impact resistance with higher, be easy to plus
The features such as work forms, comprehensive performance is good and is widely used.However intensity and hardness are lower, the disadvantages of being readily burned limits
Polyacrylic application.Discard polypropylene, the recycling problem of waste polyvinyl chloride is also more taken seriously.
With the development of science and technology, single polymer is increasingly difficult to meet various, higher comprehensive performance.
Existing polymer material is prepared into the composite material with superior performance by blending and modifying, single polymers can be overcome
The deficiency of material in one aspect, and be also a kind of not only succinct but also economic new product development approach.
Summary of the invention
The present invention takes full advantage of solid waste, creative that discarded polypropylene, waste polyvinyl chloride are blended, with useless
Abandon automobile thermosetting plastics particle as filler, using maleic anhydride inoculated polypropylene as compatilizer, be prepared for one kind with compared with
Tertiary blending composite material waste polypropylene/waste polyvinyl chloride of good flame retardant property and mechanical property/abandoned car thermosetting property modeling
Material.
The present invention has the advantages that
(1) it is that raw material prepares composite material using solid waste, with offal treatment waste, realizes the money of waste plastic
Sourceization utilizes, and not only solves problem of environmental pollution, but also saved cost, creates economic benefit, has great environment protection significance.
(2) waste polypropylene and waste polyvinyl chloride blend belong to non-polar crystalline type polymer with polarity is armorphous polymerize
The co-mixing system of object, i.e., typical thermodynamics Immiscible Polymer Blends, two interphase interface cohesive forces are weak, the poor mechanical property of blend,
The present invention is by the allotment of compatilizer maleic anhydride inoculated polypropylene and the filling of abandoned car thermosetting plastics particle, successfully altogether
Mixed to be prepared for a kind of advanced composite material (ACM), through detecting, composite material obtained has preferable mechanical property.
(3) in the prior art about the composite material prepared with non-metal powder mostly based on one pack system, of the invention is compound
Material is tertiary blending composite material, has preferable flame retardant property.
(4) report for preparing composite material using abandoned car thermosetting plastics particle as filler is substantially zeroed, and the present invention is public
The method opened provides new approach for the recycling of abandoned car thermosetting plastics, reduces landfill and burning disposal to ring
The pollution in border.Meanwhile sorting process necessary when recycling waste plastic can be save, reduce reclaimer operation cost.
(5) using high-speed mixer, double roller cylinder open mill, it is hot-forming prepare composite material, it is easy to operate, can directly obtain
To product.It is easy to continuous production, there is certain prospects for commercial application.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
A kind of composite material prepared using solid waste as matrix is by discarded polypropylene, waste polyvinyl chloride, filler, compatible
Agent, antioxidant, heat stabilizer composition.Wherein, polypropylene, waste polyvinyl chloride are discarded as matrices of composite material, discards poly- third
50-70 parts of alkene, 30-50 parts of waste polyvinyl chloride；Filler is abandoned car thermosetting plastics particle, and partial size is lower than 150 μm, dosage
20-30 parts；Compatilizer is maleic anhydride inoculated polypropylene, 6-10 parts；0.1-0.5 parts of antioxidant tetrapentaerythritol ester；Auxiliary is anti-
0.3-1.5 parts of oxygen agent dilauryl thiodipropionate；0.1-0.5 parts of heat stabilizer.
Preferred solid waste is derived from the discarded polypropylene plastics, waste and old of junked-auto bumper respectively in the present invention
The waste thermosetting plastic grain of the waste polyvinyl chloride plastics of window frame, junked-auto.
Included the following steps: using the preparation method that solid waste prepares composite material as matrix
(1) it cleans: cleaning the solid waste plastics of polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride with salt water and tap water；
(2) it is crushed: using broken crusher machine, it is broken to obtain discarded polypropylene, waste polyvinyl chloride plastics of the partial size in 5mm or so
Piece；Obtain the abandoned car thermosetting plastics particle that partial size is lower than 150 μm；
(3) it mixes: by the discarded polypropylene being crushed, waste polyvinyl chloride plastic grain and abandoned car thermosetting plastics particle
It is sufficiently mixed by high-speed mixer, adds compatilizer maleic anhydride inoculated polypropylene, it is antioxidant 1010, anti-oxidant DLTP, hard
Resin acid, high-speed mixer revolving speed are 1500rpm/min, incorporation time 10min；
(4) it plasticates bottom sheet: the material mixed being placed on double roller cylinder open mill and is plasticated bottom sheet, plasticating temperature is 170 DEG C.Revolving speed is
40r/min, bottom sheet roller spacing are adjusted to 2mm；
(5) thermoforming: executing standard referring to GB9869-1988, using compression molding instrument, using autovulcanization mode, setting temperature
Degree is 210 DEG C, time 10min, and vulcanizer automatically unloading is vented 5 times, is molded into the tablet with a thickness of 2mm.
Composite material of the invention, which is used as, prepares composite board, is applied to environmental protection equipment, acid and alkali-resistance equipment, and sewage treatment is set
Standby, waste water, exhaust air discharge equipment are used, scrubbing tower, dust free room, the equipment of semiconductor factory and its related industries, and manufacture plastics
The preferred material of water tank.And thick plate is widely used in pressed sheet, punching machine backing plate etc..
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further illustrated in the following example.
The mechanical property of composite material measures at room temperature in the present invention.Tensile strength reference standard GB/T1040-
1992, it is tested on electronic tension tester, specimen shape is dumbbell shape, and the length of sample is 100 ± 0.2mm, width
For 50 ± 0.2mm, with a thickness of 4 ± 0.2mm, tensile speed 500mm/min.Bending strength reference standard GB/T9341-2000,
It is tested on electronic tension tester, experiment loading velocity is 2mm/min, specimen size: length=80 mm, width=l0
Mm, thickness=4 mm, span=64mm.Notched impact properties reference standard GB/T1843-1996 is tested.Notched izod punching
Hit intensity refers to the ratio between cross-sectional area at notched specimen is absorbed in Chalpy impact destructive process energy and sample break, uses
kJ/m2It indicates.Sample one side jaggy is the impact direction of pendulum when test.
Embodiment 1
The invention adopts a technical scheme as a kind of composite material prepared using solid waste as matrix, composite material is with discarded poly-
Propylene, waste polyvinyl chloride be matrix, using abandoned car thermosetting plastics particle as filler, mixed, plasticated, bottom sheet and heat at
The processes such as type are made.Abandoned car thermosetting plastics particle, partial size are lower than 150 μm.The discarded polypropylene WPP is originated from waste and old
Bumper, it is cleaned to be broken into the plastic flakes that black is blocky, size is non-homogeneous, partial size is about 5 mm or so.It is described
Polyvinyl chloride WPVC then comes from waste and old window frame, cleaned to be crushed to that white chunks, size be non-homogeneous, partial size is about 5 mm's or so
Plastic flakes.
The preparation method of composite material includes the following steps:
(1) 60 parts of discarded polypropylene is weighed, 40 parts of waste polyvinyl chloride, 30 parts of abandoned car thermosetting plastics particle；Compatilizer
6 parts of maleic anhydride inoculated polypropylene, 0.5 part of antioxidant tetrapentaerythritol ester, auxiliary antioxidant dilauryl thiodipropionate 1.5
Part, it 0.5 part of heat stabilizer stearic acid, is added in high-speed mixer and is mixed.High-speed mixer revolving speed is 1500rpm/min,
Incorporation time is 10min;
(2) material mixed double roller cylinder open mill is placed on to plasticate bottom sheet.Plasticating temperature is 170 DEG C, revolving speed 40r/min,
Bottom sheet roller spacing is adjusted to 2mm;
(3) thermoforming carries out in compression molding instrument, executes standard: GB9869-1988.Mixed sheet is cut into sheet examination
Sample, the width direction of test piece and the rolling direction of sizing material are consistent, and volume is slightly larger than the volume of mold.Mold first coats a small amount of take off
Mould agent, preheats on vulcanizing press.Preheating temperature is 210 DEG C.The sheet material cut out is put into mould after temperature reaches
In chamber, set temperature is 210 DEG C, time 10min, and using autovulcanization mode, vulcanizer automatically unloading is vented 5 times, flat
The sheet specimens with a thickness of 2mm are molded into plate vulcanizer.
Test result are as follows: waste polypropylene/waste polyvinyl chloride/abandoned car thermosetting plastics particle/maleic anhydride grafting is poly-
When propylene/tetrapentaerythritol ester/dilauryl thiodipropionate/stearic proportion is 60/40/30/6/0.5/1.5/0.5,
Tensile strength, impact strength, bending strength and the bending modulus of composite material respectively reach 15.98 MPa, 5.12 kJ/m2、
23.82MPa with 1886.45 MPa.There is Van der Waals force between polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, is not easy to disperse between the two.Abandoned car
Thermosetting plastics particle plays promotion peptizaiton to the co-mixing system.At a certain temperature, in polyvinyl chloride strand
Tertiary chlorine, allyl chloride and α-H isoreactivity group and abandoned car thermosetting plastics particle surface on hydroxyl, carbonyl and not solid
Change between complete epoxy group isoreactivity group, can not only generate the physisorptions such as hydrogen bond and also occur that chemical reaction.Horse
The addition of maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene can be such that the boundary strength between discarded polypropylene and waste polyvinyl chloride is improved.
Waste polypropylene/waste polyvinyl chloride/abandoned car thermosetting plastics particle trielement composite material obtains its oxygen after tested and refers to
Number is 26, belongs to nonflammable material.Polyvinyl chloride is a kind of nonflammable material, and discarded polypropylene is blended with waste polyvinyl chloride, and
To have the abandoned car thermosetting plastics particle of flame retardant property be filler by adding, more with the performance advantage of waste polyvinyl chloride
Waste filling abandons polyacrylic anti-flammability defect, has obtained a kind of fire retardant composite material.
Embodiment 2
On the basis of embodiment 1, the present embodiment is a kind of composite material prepared by matrix of solid waste, composite material
Using discarded polypropylene, waste polyvinyl chloride as matrix, using abandoned car thermosetting plastics particle as filler, mixed, plasticated, under
The processes such as piece and thermoforming are made.
The preparation method of composite material includes the following steps: that (1) weighs 70 parts of discarded polypropylene, waste polyvinyl chloride 30
Part, 30 parts of abandoned car thermosetting plastics particle；9 parts of compatilizer maleic anhydride inoculated polypropylene, antioxidant tetrapentaerythritol ester
It 0.5 part, 1.5 parts of auxiliary antioxidant dilauryl thiodipropionate, 0.5 part of heat stabilizer stearic acid, is added in high-speed mixer
It is mixed.High-speed mixer revolving speed is 1500rpm/min, incorporation time 10min.
Other parts are identical with embodiment 1.
Test result: waste polypropylene/waste polyvinyl chloride/abandoned car thermosetting plastics particle/maleic anhydride grafting poly- third
It is multiple when alkene/tetrapentaerythritol ester/dilauryl thiodipropionate/stearic proportion is 70/30/30/9/0.5/1.5/0.5
Tensile strength, impact strength, bending strength and the bending modulus of condensation material respectively reach 19.56 MPa, 5.84 kJ/m2、
26.86MPa with 1856.21 MPa.The oxygen index (OI) of composite material is 25.
Embodiment 3
On the basis of embodiment 1, the present embodiment is a kind of composite material prepared by matrix of solid waste, composite material
Using discarded polypropylene, waste polyvinyl chloride as matrix, using abandoned car thermosetting plastics particle as filler, mixed, plasticated, under
The processes such as piece and thermoforming are made.
The preparation method of composite material includes the following steps: that (1) weighs 60 parts of discarded polypropylene, waste polyvinyl chloride 40
Part, 20 parts of abandoned car thermosetting plastics particle；9 parts of compatilizer maleic anhydride inoculated polypropylene, antioxidant tetrapentaerythritol ester
It 0.5 part, 1.5 parts of auxiliary antioxidant dilauryl thiodipropionate, 0.5 part of heat stabilizer stearic acid, is added in high-speed mixer
It is mixed.High-speed mixer revolving speed is 1500rpm/min, incorporation time 10min.
Other parts are identical with embodiment 1.
Test result: waste polypropylene/waste polyvinyl chloride/abandoned car thermosetting plastics particle/maleic anhydride grafting poly- third
It is multiple when alkene/tetrapentaerythritol ester/dilauryl thiodipropionate/stearic proportion is 60/40/20/9/0.5/1.5/0.5
Tensile strength, impact strength, bending strength and the bending modulus of condensation material respectively reach 14.89 MPa, 5.04 kJ/m2、
21.52MPa with 1796.38 MPa.The oxygen index (OI) of composite material is 26.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of composite material prepared using solid waste as matrix and preparation method, it is characterised in that the composite material is
It is prepared by matrix of solid waste, the raw material of composite material includes solid waste, filler, compatilizer, antioxidant, assists resisting
Oxygen agent, heat stabilizer；The solid waste is made of discarded polypropylene, waste polyvinyl chloride, discards polypropylene, discarded polychlorostyrene
Ethylene discards polypropylene 50-70 parts, 30-50 parts of waste polyvinyl chloride as matrices of composite material；The filler is thermosetting property modeling
Material particle, 20-30 parts；Described compatilizer 6-10 parts；Described antioxidant 0.1-0.5 parts；Described auxiliary antioxidant 0.3-1.5 parts,
Described heat stabilizer 0.1-0.5 parts.
2. a kind of composite material prepared using solid waste as matrix according to claim 1 and preparation method, special
Sign is: the discarded polypropylene is originated from the discarded polypropylene plastics of junked-auto bumper；The waste polyvinyl chloride is originated from
The waste polyvinyl chloride plastics of waste and old window frame；The filler is originated from the thermosetting plastics in abandoned car, the grain diameter of filler
Lower than 150 μm.
3. a kind of composite material prepared using solid waste as matrix according to claim 1 and preparation method, special
Sign is: the compatilizer is maleic anhydride inoculated polypropylene；The primary antioxidant is antioxidant 1010, the chemistry entitled four seasons penta
Four alcohol esters；The auxiliary antioxidant is anti-oxidant DLTP, the entitled dilauryl thiodipropionate of chemistry；The heat stabilizer is hard
Resin acid.
4. a kind of composite material prepared using solid waste as matrix according to claim 1 and preparation method, special
Sign is that preparation method includes the following steps:
(1) it cleans: cleaning the solid waste plastics of polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride with salt water and tap water；
(2) it is crushed: using broken crusher machine, obtaining discarded polypropylene, waste polyvinyl chloride plastics of the partial size in 5mm or so
Grain；It obtains partial size and is lower than 150 μm of abandoned car thermosetting plastics particles；
(3) it mixes: by the discarded polypropylene being crushed, waste polyvinyl chloride plastic grain and abandoned car thermosetting plastics particle
It is sufficiently mixed by high-speed mixer, adds compatilizer maleic anhydride inoculated polypropylene, it is antioxidant 1010, anti-oxidant DLTP, hard
Resin acid, high-speed mixer revolving speed are 1500rpm/min, incorporation time 10min；
(4) it plasticates bottom sheet: the material mixed being placed on double roller cylinder open mill and is plasticated bottom sheet, plasticating temperature is 170 DEG C, and revolving speed is
40r/min, bottom sheet roller spacing are adjusted to 2mm；
(5) thermoforming: executing standard referring to GB9869-1988, using compression molding instrument, using autovulcanization mode, setting temperature
Degree is 210 DEG C, time 10min, and vulcanizer automatically unloading is vented 5 times, is molded into the tablet with a thickness of 2mm.
5. a kind of composite material prepared using solid waste as matrix according to claim 1 and preparation method, special
Sign is that the composite material is used as and prepares composite board, is applied to acid and alkali-resistance equipment, sewage disposal device.
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| CN201710805527.5A CN109467799A (en) | 2017-09-08 | 2017-09-08 | A kind of composite material prepared using solid waste as matrix and preparation method |
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| CN201710805527.5A CN109467799A (en) | 2017-09-08 | 2017-09-08 | A kind of composite material prepared using solid waste as matrix and preparation method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111645351A (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2020-09-11 | 柏福实业(上海)有限公司 | Preparation process and application of multipurpose biological plastic mat |
| CN114106464A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-03-01 | 镇江市元润电子有限公司 | Production process of green environment-friendly modified polypropylene plastic particles |
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Application publication date: 20190315 |