CN109467454A - A kind of compound A grades of fireproof and heat-insulating material of aerosil and its preparation process - Google Patents
A kind of compound A grades of fireproof and heat-insulating material of aerosil and its preparation process Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/06—Aluminous cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/28—Fire resistance, i.e. materials resistant to accidental fires or high temperatures
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/52—Sound-insulating materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/20—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the density
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/30—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values
- C04B2201/32—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values for the thermal conductivity, e.g. K-factors
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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Abstract
The invention belongs to fireproof and heat-insulating material fields, disclose a kind of compound A grades of fireproof and heat-insulating material of aerosil and its preparation process, using aerosil, granules of polystyrene, aluminate cement, retarder, polycarboxylate water-reducer and water as raw material, the above raw material is uniformly mixed using mixing plant, slurry is made, slurry is poured into mold, it fills and leads up, conserve by vibration, the compound A grades of fireproof and heat-insulating material of aerosil is made.The compound A grades of fireproof and heat-insulating material of aerosil disclosed by the invention has the characteristics that density is small, intensity is high, thermal coefficient is low, easy to operate, process control, continuous production degree are high, combustibility is A grades, can be widely applied to building exterior wall heat preserving field.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the compound A grades of fire prevention in fireproof and heat-insulating material field more particularly to a kind of aerosil to protect
Adiabator and its preparation process.
Background technique
In recent years, country is vigorously advocating energy-saving and emission-reduction, and implements a series of relevant policies.How the energy is accomplished
Efficiently utilizing is energy saving important channel.Especially China, huge population base further enhance the dependence to the energy.?
Under this background, the thermal insulation material of exploitation efficiently, inexpensive can be effectively energy saving.It has the call at present to thermal insulation material
Be building exterior wall heat preserving system.
It the use of more mature heat-barrier material is organic foamed material in outer wall heat preservation system, the stomata of this material is more
For closed pore, so its thermal coefficient is relatively low.In it common are machine class foamed heat-insulating material, polyurethane foam and phenolic aldehyde bubble
The thermal coefficient of foam plastics is smaller.Preferable stability is kept in wet condition, and heat-proof quality is more superior.But polyurethane sheet system
It is standby at high cost, toxic substance is easily given out in the long-term use, is detrimental to health, and toxic cyanide is its combustion
Burn product.Polyurethane mechanical property is poor, and long-term stress is easy to produce deformation phenomenon.The performance of phenolic foam is compared with vulnerable to matching
The influence of side and molding technological condition, thermal coefficient fluctuation are larger.Phenolic foam has hydrophily, limits it heat-insulated
The application in field, this all hinders the extensive use of polyurethane and phenolic foam.At present in terms of wall thermal insulating, polyphenyl second
Alkene and polyvinyl chloride heat-barrier material are widely applied.But as common heat-barrier material, the thermal coefficient of polystyrene is opposite
It is larger.Preferably to reach power conservation requirement, the thickness of material is larger.This increases work to site operation and later maintenance
Amount, and polystyrene is inflammable, fire line is poor.Therefore, stepping up with China's building energy conservation requirement tends not to meet existing
The requirement of row building energy-saving standard.
Aerosil has the characteristics that porosity height, large specific surface area, density is small, thermal conductivity is low, in thermal insulation separation
There is biggish development prospect in hot field.But aeroge generally has the shortcomings that intensity is low, brittleness is big.The above deficiency limits
Application of the aeroge in heat preservation and insulation field.
China Patent Publication No. is that CN104496402A discloses a kind of compound aerosil insulation quilt of glass
Preparation process.The technique is mainly silicon source using organic precursor, by supercritical fluid CO2It is dried to obtain enhanced airsetting
Glue material.Costly, preparation process is complicated for the raw material that the technique uses, and is difficult to be used more widely.
China Patent Publication No. be CN106363937A disclose a kind of A grades of fireproof heated boards of silica aerogel osmosis type and its
Production method.This method uses portland cement, aeroge, polycarboxylate water-reducer etc. for raw material, after being configured to slurry, in vacuum
Under the conditions of slurry is penetrated into styrofoam.Portland cement setting time used in this method is longer, the stomata in styrofoam with
Based on closed pore, particle size is larger in slurry, is difficult to penetrate into stomata, requires more harshness, technique to answer vacuum condition
Polygamy influences continuous production.
Aerosil has the characteristics that porosity height, large specific surface area, density is small, thermal conductivity is low, in thermal insulation separation
There is biggish development prospect in hot field, and aerosil has been widely used in fire proofing material preparation.But at present
The preparation of aeroge needs more expensive silicon alkoxide, such as methyl orthosilicate and ethyl orthosilicate and more complicated supercritical drying
Drying process causes the preparation cost of aeroge excessively high.In addition, aeroge generally has the shortcomings that intensity is low, brittleness is big.Above not
Foot limits aeroge in the application of heat preservation and insulation field.To reduce the preparation cost of aeroge and improving the intensity of aeroge,
Numerous researchers have made intensive studies.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is overcoming the deficiencies of the prior art and provide, a kind of density is small, thermal coefficient is low, intensity is high, combustion
Burn performance A grades of fireproof and heat-insulating material and its preparation process.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solution:
A kind of compound A grades of fireproof and heat-insulating material of aerosil, is prepared: silica airsetting by the following raw material
Glue, granules of polystyrene, aluminate cement, retarder, polycarboxylate water-reducer and water.
Further,
The fireproof and heat-insulating material is prepared by the raw material of following parts by weight: 20 parts of aerosil, polystyrene
100-200 parts of grain, 100-500 parts of aluminate cement, 1-5 parts of retarder, 1-5 parts of polycarboxylate water-reducer and 150-250 parts of water.
Specifically, the aerosil is prepared in accordance with the following steps:
Step 1) using concentration for 10-20wt% silica solution as raw material；Saturated ammonium chloride is added in silica solution and stirs 10min
Mixed solution is obtained, the ammonium hydroxide of 0.8mol/L is then slowly dropped to above-mentioned mixed solution while stirring, when the pH of colloidal sol reaches
Stop being added dropwise when to 5, and continue to stir 10min, obtains material A；
Step 2 puts into material A, azodicarbonamide and hexamethylphosphoramide point according to the mass ratio of 10:1:0.2
It dissipates in machine, 30-60s is dispersed with 1000rpm, is then 9-10.5 with sodium hydroxide tune pH value, obtains material B；
Step 3) soaked in absolute ethyl alcohol material B, soaking time are 2 days, are then discharged out liquid, then add identical as material B heavy
The concentration of amount is that the hydroxymethyl cellulose solution of 2-3wt% then heats to 90-95 DEG C with 800rpm decentralized processing 3-5min,
Drying, crush to get.
Preferably, in the step 1), the volume ratio of saturated ammonium chloride and silica solution is 1:30-1:45.
The invention also discloses the preparation methods of the fireproof and heat-insulating material comprising following steps: with silica gas
Gel, granules of polystyrene, aluminate cement, retarder, polycarboxylate water-reducer and water be raw material, using mixing plant will more than
Raw material is uniformly mixed and slurry is made, and slurry is poured into mold, fills and leads up, conserve by vibration, and fireproof and heat-insulating material is made.
Further, the preparation method of the fireproof and heat-insulating material includes the following steps:
1) die size: long 600-1200mm, wide 200-600mm, high 30-200mm is selected；
2) by aerosil, granules of polystyrene, aluminate cement, retarder, polycarboxylate water-reducer and water according to
Lower parts by weight are mixed with slurry in mixing plant；
3) slurry into step 2 injects mold under the conditions of vibration, and vibration is filled and led up, and natural curing 3-14 days, fire prevention is made and protects
Adiabator.
Preferably, the retarder is selected from the common slow settings such as sodium cellulose glycolate, sodium tripolyphosphate, calcium lignosulfonate or the wooden sodium
Agent.
The beneficial effect of starting point and acquirement of the invention mainly includes but is not limited to the following aspects:
Present invention process directly from the raw material of styrofoam, i.e. start with by granules of polystyrene, does not need vacuum infiltration, but directly will
The slurry mixed pours into mold, and simple process is, it can be achieved that continuous production；The thermal insulation material density that it is prepared is small, and intensity is high,
Heat preservation and soundproof humidity resistance is good；Combustion rating has reached A2 rank, and air sound insulation property has reached 50dB or more, and thermal coefficient is
0.017 hereinafter, water absorption rate is 1.6% hereinafter, having excellent heat insulating and sound insulating and humidity resistance；
The present invention prepares aerosil using low-cost silicon sol solution, reduces costs, production technology
Briefly, high-efficient, it is suitable for large-scale production.
Aerosil prepared by the present invention has the mutual coordinated of hole of different levels size, can play
Excellent heat preservation and soundproof moisture-proof role, when hydroxymethyl cellulose not only forms filled layer in preparation process early period in the present invention
Important function is played, while during later period materials'use, hydroxymethyl cellulose can absorb water in case of wet, be formed on the surface of the material
One layer of microcosmic moisture film can stop extraneous aqueous vapor after forming moisture film since there are countless microscopic voids for material itself
Further intrusion, and then play excellent moisture-proof role；The present invention passes through addition during preparing aerosil
Azodicarbonamide and hexamethylphosphoramide improve the number in foaming effect and gap, are dried, network structure
Complete aerosil.
Specific embodiment
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the application, having below in conjunction with the application
Body embodiment more clearly and completely describes the present invention, it is clear that described embodiment is only the application one
Divide embodiment, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the application, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making
Every other embodiment obtained, should fall within the scope of the present invention under the premise of creative work.
Embodiment 1
A kind of compound A grades of fireproof and heat-insulating material of aerosil, is prepared in accordance with the following steps:
By aerosil, granules of polystyrene, aluminate cement, retarder, polycarboxylate water-reducer and water according to following
Parts by weight are mixed with slurry in mixing plant: 20 parts of aerosil, 100 parts of granules of polystyrene, aluminic acid salt water
100 parts of mud, 1 part of retarder, 1 part of polycarboxylate water-reducer and 150 parts of water；Slurry is injected to mold under the conditions of vibration, is supported naturally
The compound A grades of fireproof and heat-insulating material of aerosil is made in shield 3 days.
The aerosil is prepared according to following technique:
Using concentration for 10wt% silica solution as raw material；By saturated ammonium chloride be added in silica solution stir 10min obtain mixing it is molten
The ammonium hydroxide of 0.8mol/L is then slowly dropped to above-mentioned mixed solution by liquid while stirring, stops drop when the pH of colloidal sol reaches 5
Add, and continue to stir 10min, obtains material A；The volume ratio of the saturated ammonium chloride and silica solution is 1:30；
Material A, azodicarbonamide and hexamethylphosphoramide are put into dispersion machine according to the mass ratio of 10:1:0.2,
Disperse 60s with 1000rpm, is then 9 with sodium hydroxide tune pH value, obtains material B；
With soaked in absolute ethyl alcohol material B, soaking time is 2 days, is then discharged out liquid, then add dense with material B identical weight
Degree is the hydroxymethyl cellulose solution of 2wt%, with 800rpm decentralized processing 5min, then heats to 90 DEG C, dries, crushes, obtain
Partial size is the powder of 500um.
Embodiment 2
A kind of compound A grades of fireproof and heat-insulating material of aerosil, is prepared in accordance with the following steps:
By aerosil, granules of polystyrene, aluminate cement, retarder, polycarboxylate water-reducer and water according to following
Parts by weight are mixed with slurry in mixing plant: 20 parts of aerosil, 150 parts of granules of polystyrene, aluminic acid salt water
100 parts of mud, 1 part of retarder, 1 part of polycarboxylate water-reducer and 150 parts of water；Slurry is injected to mold under the conditions of vibration, is supported naturally
The compound A grades of fireproof and heat-insulating material of aerosil is made in shield 3 days.
The aerosil is prepared according to following technique:
Using concentration for 20wt% silica solution as raw material；By saturated ammonium chloride be added in silica solution stir 10min obtain mixing it is molten
The ammonium hydroxide of 0.8mol/L is then slowly dropped to above-mentioned mixed solution by liquid while stirring, stops drop when the pH of colloidal sol reaches 5
Add, and continue to stir 10min, obtains material A；The volume ratio of the saturated ammonium chloride and silica solution is 1:45；
Material A, azodicarbonamide and hexamethylphosphoramide are put into dispersion machine according to the mass ratio of 10:1:0.2,
Disperse 30s with 1000rpm, is then 10 with sodium hydroxide tune pH value, obtains material B；
With soaked in absolute ethyl alcohol material B, soaking time is 2 days, is then discharged out liquid, then add dense with material B identical weight
Degree is the hydroxymethyl cellulose solution of 3wt%, with 800rpm decentralized processing 3min, then heats to 95 DEG C, dries, crushes, obtain
Partial size is the powder of 800um.
Embodiment 3
A kind of compound A grades of fireproof and heat-insulating material of aerosil, is prepared in accordance with the following steps:
By aerosil, granules of polystyrene, aluminate cement, retarder, polycarboxylate water-reducer and water according to following
Parts by weight are mixed with slurry in mixing plant: 20 parts of aerosil, 200 parts of granules of polystyrene, aluminic acid salt water
100 parts of mud, 1 part of retarder, 1 part of polycarboxylate water-reducer and 150 parts of water；Slurry is injected to mold under the conditions of vibration, is supported naturally
The compound A grades of fireproof and heat-insulating material of aerosil is made in shield 3 days.
The aerosil is prepared according to following technique:
Using concentration for 15wt% silica solution as raw material；By saturated ammonium chloride be added in silica solution stir 10min obtain mixing it is molten
The ammonium hydroxide of 0.8mol/L is then slowly dropped to above-mentioned mixed solution by liquid while stirring, stops drop when the pH of colloidal sol reaches 5
Add, and continue to stir 10min, obtains material A；The volume ratio of the saturated ammonium chloride and silica solution is 1:35；
Material A, azodicarbonamide and hexamethylphosphoramide are put into dispersion machine according to the mass ratio of 10:1:0.2,
Disperse 40s with 1000rpm, is then 9.5 with sodium hydroxide tune pH value, obtains material B；
With soaked in absolute ethyl alcohol material B, soaking time is 2 days, is then discharged out liquid, then add dense with material B identical weight
Degree is the hydroxymethyl cellulose solution of 2.5wt%, with 800rpm decentralized processing 4min, then heats to 95 DEG C, dries, crushes, obtain
The powder for being 1000um to partial size.
Embodiment 4
The measured performance parameter of the material of 1-3 of embodiment of the present invention preparation:
We have detected the common counter of thermal insulation material, and concrete outcome is shown in Table 1:
Table 1
| Index | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 |
| Density, kg/m3 | 168 | 173 | 179 |
| Compression strength, MPa | 3.79 | 3.93 | 3.86 |
| Combustibility | A2 grades | A2 grades | A2 grades |
| Air sound insulation property dB | 63 | 59 | 57 |
| Water absorption rate, % | 1.35 | 1.47 | 1.56 |
| Thermal coefficient W/ (mK) | 0.014 | 0.016 | 0.017 |
Embodiment 5
Inventive silica aerogel particle performance test:
Test group is by taking embodiment 1 as an example；
Control group 1 selects the aerosil in market, and aperture size 20-40nm, specific surface area is in 200-1000m2/
G, the preparation process of thermal insulation material is the same as embodiment 1；It is under equal conditions detected in the thermal insulation material being prepared, thermal coefficient
For 0.026 W/ (mK), water absorption rate 3.5%, air sound insulation property is 47dB, density 198kg/m3, each compared to embodiment 1
The decline of aspect index is obvious.
Control group 2: the preparation process of silica aerogel particles does not add hydroxymethyl cellulose with embodiment 1
Solution, the thermal insulation material being finally prepared under equal conditions detect, and thermal coefficient is 0.034 W/ (mK), water absorption rate
It is 2.9%, air sound insulation property is 40dB, obvious compared to the decline of 1 various aspects index of embodiment.
Control group 3: preparation process does not add hexamethylphosphoramide with embodiment 1, the heat preservation being finally prepared
Material under equal conditions detects, and porosity decline, thermal coefficient is 0.028 W/ (mK), and water absorption rate 2.4% is compared
The decline of 1 various aspects index of embodiment is obvious.
Above-mentioned, although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the embodiments, not to the scope of the present invention
Limitation, those skilled in the art should understand that, based on the technical solutions of the present invention, those skilled in the art are not required to
Make the creative labor the various modifications or changes that can be made still within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of compound A grades of fireproof and heat-insulating material of aerosil, is prepared: silica gas by the following raw material
Gel, granules of polystyrene, aluminate cement, retarder, polycarboxylate water-reducer and water.
2. fireproof and heat-insulating material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the fireproof and heat-insulating material is by following parts by weight
Raw material be prepared: 20 parts of aerosil, 100-200 parts of granules of polystyrene, 100-500 parts of aluminate cement,
1-5 parts of retarder, 1-5 parts of polycarboxylate water-reducer and 150-250 parts of water.
3. fireproof and heat-insulating material according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the aerosil is according to such as
Lower step is prepared:
Step 1) using concentration for 10-20wt% silica solution as raw material；Saturated ammonium chloride is added in silica solution and stirs 10min
Mixed solution is obtained, then the ammonium hydroxide of 0.8mol/L above-mentioned mixed solution is slowly dropped to while stirring, stopped when pH reaches 5
It is only added dropwise, and continues to stir 10min, obtain material A；
Step 2 puts into material A, azodicarbonamide and hexamethylphosphoramide point according to the mass ratio of 10:1:0.2
It dissipates in machine, 30-60s is dispersed with 1000rpm, is then 9-10.5 with sodium hydroxide tune pH value, obtains material B；
Step 3) soaked in absolute ethyl alcohol material B, soaking time are 2 days, are then discharged out liquid, then add identical as material B heavy
The concentration of amount is that the hydroxymethyl cellulose solution of 2-3wt% then heats to 90-95 DEG C with 800rpm decentralized processing 3-5min,
Drying, crush to get.
4. fireproof and heat-insulating material according to claim 3, which is characterized in that in the step 1), saturated ammonium chloride and silicon
The volume ratio of colloidal sol is 1:30-1:45.
5. fireproof and heat-insulating material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the preparation method packet of the fireproof and heat-insulating material
It includes following steps: being with aerosil, granules of polystyrene, aluminate cement, retarder, polycarboxylate water-reducer and water
The above raw material is uniformly mixed using mixing plant and slurry is made, slurry is poured into mold, fills and leads up, support by vibration by raw material
Fireproof and heat-insulating material is made in shield.
6. according to fireproof and heat-insulating material described in claim 3 or 4 or 5, which is characterized in that the preparation of the fireproof and heat-insulating material
Method includes the following steps:
Step 1) selects die size: long 600-1200mm, wide 200-600mm, high 30-200mm；
Step 2 presses aerosil, granules of polystyrene, aluminate cement, retarder, polycarboxylate water-reducer and water
Slurry is mixed in mixing plant according to following parts by weight；
Slurry of the step 3) into step 2 injects mold under the conditions of vibration, and vibration is filled and led up, and natural curing 3-14 days, is made anti-
Fiery thermal insulation material.
7. fireproof and heat-insulating material according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the retarder is selected from hydroxymethyl cellulose
The common retarder such as sodium, sodium tripolyphosphate, calcium lignosulfonate or the wooden sodium.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113354373A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-09-07 | 西南科技大学 | Permeable and light-transmitting self-luminous marking material for roads and preparation method thereof |
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