CN109461590B - Porous g-C3N4/NiWO4Method for preparing composite material - Google Patents

Porous g-C3N4/NiWO4Method for preparing composite material Download PDF

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CN109461590B
CN109461590B CN201811159423.2A CN201811159423A CN109461590B CN 109461590 B CN109461590 B CN 109461590B CN 201811159423 A CN201811159423 A CN 201811159423A CN 109461590 B CN109461590 B CN 109461590B
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niwo
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CN109461590A (en
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李中春
顾爱军
贺香红
黄光华
张宏根
黄建军
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Jiangsu University of Technology
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01GCAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/22Electrodes
    • H01G11/24Electrodes characterised by structural features of the materials making up or comprised in the electrodes, e.g. form, surface area or porosity; characterised by the structural features of powders or particles used therefor
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82YSPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y40/00Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01GCAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/22Electrodes
    • H01G11/30Electrodes characterised by their material
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01GCAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/22Electrodes
    • H01G11/30Electrodes characterised by their material
    • H01G11/46Metal oxides
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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    • Y02E60/13Energy storage using capacitors

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Abstract

The invention discloses a porous g-C for a super capacitor3N4/NiWO4A preparation method of a composite material belongs to the technical field of nano material preparation. The method mainly comprises the following steps: the prepared porous g-C3N4And soluble divalent nickel salt are dispersed in glycol by ultrasonic and then mixed with Na2WO4·2H2Mixing the O solution, and reacting in a polytetrafluoroethylene reaction kettle by adopting a hydrothermal reaction technology to obtain porous g-C3N4/NiWO4A composite material. Has the advantages that: the preparation process has the advantages of simple operation, mild conditions and short production period, and the obtained NiWO4Nano particles are uniformly distributed in the layered porous g-C3N4Due to g-C3N4The surface is rich in nitrogen-containing functional groups, can provide a large number of active sites, is favorable for being combined with a pseudocapacitance electrode material to form a composite material, and can be used as a super capacitor electrode material.

Description

Porous g-C3N4/NiWO4Method for preparing composite material
Technical Field
The invention relates to a porous g-C3N4/NiWO4A preparation method of a composite material belongs to the technical field of nano material preparation.
Background
As an important inorganic material in the family of metal tungstates, NiWO4The catalyst has wide application in the fields of catalysis, sensors, energy storage and the like. In recent years, g-C3N4Attracts the attention of many scholars in the fields of materials, chemistry, physics, energy, environmental protection and the like. g-C3N4Has a narrow band gap energy and can be directly absorbedVisible light with a wavelength of less than 460 nm. Due to g-C3N4Strong covalent bonds with nitrogen-carbon bonds in the structure, such that g-C3N4And the material also has good chemical stability, thermal stability and unique electronic structure, so that the material has wide application prospect in the fields of photocatalytic water splitting hydrogen production, organic synthesis, electric energy storage and the like.
The journal of Fuel chemistry, 2017, phase 11 discloses a NiWO4/g-C3N4Preparation of (1) and research on oxidative desulfurization performance in Ionic liquids (thesis) first prepare NiWO separately4Nanoparticles and g-C3N4Then mixing NiWO in a certain proportion4And g-C3N4Grinding the mixture in a mortar, then putting the mixture into a tube furnace, and calcining the mixture for 2 hours at 550 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen to obtain the NiWO4/g-C3N4And (c) a complex. The method relates to a grinding process and a high-temperature reaction, consumes time and energy, and has large particle size and uneven appearance of a synthesized product, thereby seriously influencing the practical application of the synthesized product. Therefore, a method for preparing porous g-C was sought3N4/NiWO4The composite material has mild preparation conditions, simple operation and porous g-C3N4With NiWO4The problems of tight binding of nanoparticles and the like need to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at solving the problems of time and energy consumption caused by high-temperature reaction in the prior art, large particle size and uneven appearance of a synthesized product, and g-C3N4With NiWO4The invention aims to provide porous g-C which has simple and convenient process operation and mild condition and is suitable for industrial production3N4/NiWO4A method for preparing a composite material.
The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: porous g-C3N4/NiWO4The preparation method of the composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: mixing thiourea and sulfur powder, grinding, calcining, and pretreating the calcined product with concentrated acidDrying to obtain porous g-C3N4A material;
step 2: mixing the porous g-C obtained in the step 13N4And soluble divalent nickel salt are dispersed in glycol by ultrasonic wave to obtain dispersion liquid A;
and step 3: mixing Na2WO4·2H2Dissolving O in distilled water to obtain solution B;
and 4, step 4: adding the solution B into the dispersion liquid A, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed liquid C;
and 5: transferring the mixed solution C into a polytetrafluoroethylene reaction kettle, heating to perform hydrothermal reaction, cooling the reaction kettle to room temperature, performing solid-liquid separation on the reaction mixture, washing, and drying to obtain porous g-C3N4/NiWO4A composite material.
Preferably, the calcination temperature in step 1 is 550 ℃ and the calcination time is 3 h.
Specifically, the concentrated acid pretreatment in the step 1 is to soak the mixture for 12 hours by using concentrated acid, and then wash the mixture to be neutral by using distilled water, wherein the concentrated acid is one or a mixture of nitric acid and sulfuric acid.
Preferably, the soluble divalent nickel salt in step 2 is one of nickel nitrate, nickel acetate, nickel sulfate or nickel chloride.
Preferably, the temperature of the hydrothermal reaction in the step 5 is 120-180 ℃, and the reaction time is 4-12 h.
More preferably, the temperature of the hydrothermal reaction in step 5 is 150 ℃ and the reaction time is 6 h.
Specifically, in the step 5, the solid-liquid separation is to centrifugally separate the mixture after the reaction, and the washing is to wash the precipitate after the centrifugal separation with distilled water and ethanol in sequence.
Preferably, the temperature of the dried precipitate in the step 5 is 60-100 ℃.
The invention discloses a porous g-C3N4/NiWO4The preparation method of the composite material has the beneficial effects that:
1) the preparation process is simple, no surfactant is needed and no template is used.
2) Mild reaction conditions, simple and convenient process, short production period and easy operation.
3)NiWO4In-situ growth of nanoparticles on porous g-C3N4The surface and the bonding of the two are tight, which is more beneficial to improving the specific capacitance of the super capacitor.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
FIG. 1 shows g-C obtained in example 13N4/NiWO4TEM images of the composite material.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic views illustrating only the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, and thus show only the constitution related to the present invention.
Example 1
1. Mixing 10.0g of thiourea and 5.0g of sulfur powder in a mortar uniformly, grinding, placing in a ceramic crucible, calcining for 3h at 550 ℃, soaking the calcined product in concentrated nitric acid for 12h, washing with distilled water to be neutral, and drying to obtain porous g-C3N4And (3) powder.
2. 1mmol of Ni (NO)3)2·6H2O and 30mg g-C3N4Adding 15mL of ethylene glycol into a 50mL small beaker, and ultrasonically dispersing for 1h to obtain a dispersion liquid A;
3. adding 1mmol of Na2WO4·2H2Dissolving O in 15mL of distilled water to obtain a solution B;
4. adding A into B, stirring for 30min to obtain mixed solution C;
5. transferring the mixed solution C into a 50mL polytetrafluoroethylene reaction kettle, placing the reaction kettle into a thermostat, controlling the reaction temperature to be 150 ℃ and the reaction time to be 6 h;
6. after the reaction is finished, cooling to room temperature, and washing with distilled water and ethanol respectively;
7. drying the obtained precipitate at 60 deg.C under vacuum to obtain g-C3N4/NiWO4Composite material, TEM imageThe sheet is shown in FIG. 1, and it can be seen that the resulting NiWO is4The nano particles are uniformly distributed in the porous g-C3N4A surface.
Examples 2 to 8
The examples are essentially the same as example 1, except as shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
Item Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 Example 6 Example 7 Example 8
Soluble divalent nickel salt Nickel nitrate Nickel chloride Nickel nitrate Nickel acetate Nickel sulfate Nickel chloride Nickel acetate
g-C3N4(mg) 30 30 30 30 30 30 30
Reaction temperature (. degree.C.) 120 150 180 150 150 120 120
Reaction time (h) 12 6 4 8 6 10 12
Temperature (. degree.C.) of dried product 70 60 60 80 100 90 70
Comparative example 1
g-C added in example 13N4The product was obtained in the same manner as in example 1 except that the removal was carried out.
NiWO prepared in comparative example 14And g-C prepared in example 13N4/NiWO4The composite materials were used as supercapacitor electrode materials, respectively, and the measured specific capacitance values are shown in tables 2 and 3.
TABLE 2
Figure BDA0001819686750000051
TABLE 3
Figure BDA0001819686750000052
Improved porous g-C by comparison of the above data3N4/NiWO4The preparation method of the composite material effectively improves the specific capacitance of the capacitor of the product, so that the composite material has wide application prospect when being used as the electrode material of the super capacitor.
Although the above embodiments do not address the full scope of the disclosure with respect to the selection of parameters, in alternate embodiments, the invention can be practiced within the full scope of the disclosed parameters. The present invention is not limited to the above examples, and variations, additions, deletions, and substitutions which may be made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and scope of the present invention should also be considered as falling within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. Porous g-C3N4/NiWO4The preparation method of the composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: mixing thiourea and sulfur powder, grinding, calcining, pretreating the calcined product with concentrated acid, and drying to obtain porous g-C3N4A material;
step 2: will be provided withPorous g-C obtained in step 13N4And soluble divalent nickel salt are dispersed in glycol by ultrasonic wave to obtain dispersion liquid A;
and step 3: mixing Na2WO4·2H2Dissolving O in distilled water to obtain solution B;
and 4, step 4: adding the solution B into the dispersion liquid A, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed liquid C;
and 5: transferring the mixed solution C into a polytetrafluoroethylene reaction kettle, heating to perform hydrothermal reaction, cooling the reaction kettle to room temperature, performing solid-liquid separation on the reaction mixture, washing, and drying to obtain porous g-C3N4/NiWO4A composite material;
and (2) pretreating with concentrated acid in the step 1, specifically, soaking for 12 hours with concentrated acid, and washing with distilled water to be neutral, wherein the concentrated acid is one or a mixture of nitric acid and sulfuric acid.
2. A porous g-C according to claim 13N4/NiWO4The preparation method of the composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps: the calcining temperature in the step 1 is 550 ℃, and the calcining time is 3 h.
3. A porous g-C according to claim 13N4/NiWO4The preparation method of the composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps: the soluble divalent nickel salt in the step 2 is one of nickel nitrate, nickel acetate, nickel sulfate or nickel chloride.
4. A porous g-C according to claim 13N4/NiWO4The preparation method of the composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps: the temperature of the hydrothermal reaction in the step 5 is 120-180 ℃, and the reaction time is 4-12 h.
5. A porous g-C according to claim 43N4/NiWO4The preparation method of the composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps: the preferred temperature for the hydrothermal reaction is 150 ℃ and the preferred reaction time is 6 h.
6. A porous g-C according to claim 13N4/NiWO4The preparation method of the composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps: and 5, performing solid-liquid separation, namely performing centrifugal separation on the mixture after the reaction, wherein the washing specifically comprises washing the precipitate after the centrifugal separation with distilled water and ethanol in sequence.
7. A porous g-C according to claim 13N4/NiWO4The preparation method of the composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps: the drying temperature in the step 5 is 60-100 ℃.
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CN106861732A (en) * 2017-01-25 2017-06-20 平顶山学院 A kind of boron nickel titanium dioxide/nitridation carbon composite photocatalyst, and application thereof and preparation method
CN106971863A (en) * 2017-04-21 2017-07-21 华中科技大学 A kind of g C3N4/NiCo2S4Composite, preparation method and applications

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CN106861732A (en) * 2017-01-25 2017-06-20 平顶山学院 A kind of boron nickel titanium dioxide/nitridation carbon composite photocatalyst, and application thereof and preparation method
CN106971863A (en) * 2017-04-21 2017-07-21 华中科技大学 A kind of g C3N4/NiCo2S4Composite, preparation method and applications

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NiWO4/g-C3N4的制备及其在离子液体中氧化脱硫性能的研究;李秀萍等;《燃料化学学报》;20171130;第45卷(第11期);第1340-1348页 *

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