CN109459824A - It can be improved the two-stage space optical coupling device of single mode optical fiber space optical coupling efficiency - Google Patents
It can be improved the two-stage space optical coupling device of single mode optical fiber space optical coupling efficiency Download PDFInfo
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- CN109459824A CN109459824A CN201811337276.3A CN201811337276A CN109459824A CN 109459824 A CN109459824 A CN 109459824A CN 201811337276 A CN201811337276 A CN 201811337276A CN 109459824 A CN109459824 A CN 109459824A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/32—Optical coupling means having lens focusing means positioned between opposed fibre ends
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Abstract
The two-stage space optical coupling device that can be improved single mode optical fiber space optical coupling efficiency belongs to free space optical communication technology field.Prior art coupling efficiency is low.The present invention is sequentially coaxially arranged along light incident direction primary plus lens, multimode fibre, large-numerical aperture variable refractivity lens, small value aperture variable refractivity lens；Primary plus lens, multimode fibre, the numerical aperture of large-numerical aperture variable refractivity lens are equal or be sequentially increased；The incident end face of multimode fibre is located at primary plus lens rear focus, and outgoing end face is located at large-numerical aperture variable refractivity lens object focus；The outgoing mirror surface and the incident mirror surface of small value aperture variable refractivity lens of large-numerical aperture variable refractivity lens offset；The refractive index rate of regression of large-numerical aperture variable refractivity lens is higher than small value aperture variable refractivity lens；Multimode lock pin, large-numerical aperture variable refractivity lens, the outer diameter of small value aperture variable refractivity lens of multimode fibre are identical, with internal surface of sleeve pipe stationary fit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of two-stage space optical coupling devices that can be improved single mode optical fiber space optical coupling efficiency, belong to
Free space optical communication technology field.
Background technique
Free space optical communication (Free Space Optical Communication, FSOC) is one kind using light as signal
Carrier realizes the communication technology of the data informations such as voice, image wireless transmission in free space., communication high with traffic rate
Capacity is big, strong antijamming capability, the advantage that ability of anti-interception is strong, small in size, light-weight and low in energy consumption, has a wide range of applications
Prospect.In order to preferably promote free space optical communication performance and design flexibility, the body of free-space optical communication system is reduced
Long-pending and weight uses the prior art of many mature fiber optic communications more and more and is set in space optical communication system
It is standby., how will be more optically coupling in single mode optical fiber this introduces a new problem, that is, how to improve coupling effect
Rate, this becomes one of the key technology in free space optical communication field.
The characteristics of dialyte lens coupled method is a kind of existing single mode optical fiber space optical coupling method, this method is optical fiber and group
It is mutually independent at each optical element of fiber coupling system.Simple lens coupling process is a kind of common dialyte lens coupling
Method, fiber end face are located in simple lens focus, and simple lens converges to light on fiber end face, realize optical coupling.But simple lens
Itself will necessarily there are a variety of aberrations, such as spherical aberration, coupling efficiency certainly will reduce, even if not considering atmosphere environment impact, coupling
Efficiency also only 10% or so.Another situation of dialyte lens coupled method is poly-lens combination, and this scheme can substantially disappear
Subtract system aberration, and then improves coupling efficiency and still still fiber end face is required accurately to be installed at system focus.Even if adopting
Poly-lens is taken to combine, in practical engineering applications, due to adjustment, environment temperature and gravity etc., fiber end face
Always there is offset relative to system focus, the raising of coupling efficiency is also limited.If atmospheric environment image considered again
Come in, when light beam transmits in an atmosphere, the randomized jitter of the distortion of beam phase caused by atmospheric turbulance and fiber end face, coupling
Closing efficiency can further decrease, and in practical applications, coupling efficiency is only 10-3In magnitude, it is seen then that problem is extremely serious.
In order to improve coupling efficiency, the patent document that number of patent application is 201510003489.2 discloses a key name
A kind of referred to as scheme of " space laser beam optical coupling efficiency optimization method for overcoming atmospheric turbulance ".The program is using adaptive
Optical method increases fast mirror and phase controller in Single-Mode Fiber Coupling system, optimizes and revises coupling position and angle
Degree, and atmospheric turbulance and static system aberration bring beam wavefront distortion are compensated, beam energy concentration degree is improved, coupling is improved
Efficiency.Nevertheless, the program still has its deficiency, due to the addition of adaptive optics system, additional quick reflex is needed
The components such as mirror and phase controller, not only system structure thus becomes sufficiently complex, but also as well-known in the industry, quickly
The price is very expensive for reflecting mirror, phase controller, and volume, weight, the energy consumption of coupling device entirety increase very much.
Summary of the invention
Single mode optical fiber space optical coupling efficiency in order to greatly increase, at the same coupling device should also have structure it is simple,
Feature small in size, light-weight, low energy consumption, at low cost, we have invented one kind can be improved atmospheric environment single mode optical fiber space
The optical coupling unit of coupling efficiency.
The two-stage space optical coupling device that can be improved single mode optical fiber space optical coupling efficiency of the present invention it is characterized in that,
As shown in Figure 1, along light incident direction primary plus lens 1, multimode fibre 2, large-numerical aperture variable refractivity lens 3, fractional value
Aperture variable refractivity lens 4 sequentially coaxially arrange；The numerical aperture of primary plus lens 1 is equal to or less than multimode fibre 2
Numerical aperture, the incident end face of multimode fibre 2 are located at 1 rear focus of primary plus lens, and the outgoing end face of multimode fibre 2 is located at
3 object focus of large-numerical aperture variable refractivity lens；The numerical aperture of large-numerical aperture variable refractivity lens 3 is equal to or more than
The numerical aperture of multimode fibre 2, the outgoing mirror surface and small value aperture variable refractivity lens of large-numerical aperture variable refractivity lens 3
4 incident mirror surface offsets；The refractive index of large-numerical aperture variable refractivity lens 3 and small value aperture variable refractivity lens 4 is certainly
Center to edge successively decreases, and the refractive index rate of regression of large-numerical aperture variable refractivity lens 3 is higher than small value aperture and becomes refraction
The refractive index rate of regression of rate lens 4；The exit end of multimode fibre 2 is cased with multimode lock pin 5；Multimode lock pin 5, large-numerical aperture become
Index lens 3, the outer diameter of small value aperture variable refractivity lens 4 are identical, and multimode lock pin 5, large-numerical aperture variable refractivity are saturating
The 6 inner wall stationary fit of mirror 3, the outer wall of small value aperture variable refractivity lens 4 and casing, the material of casing 6 are saturating ultraviolet optics glass
Glass；Alternatively, small value aperture variable refractivity lens 4 are replaced by concave-sphere 7, as shown in Fig. 2, the diameter of concave-sphere 7 and multimode lock pin 5,
The outer diameter of large-numerical aperture variable refractivity lens 3 is identical.
The various features of the present invention can generate following good effect.
When the present invention is used for single mode optical fiber space optical coupling, the single mode optical fiber 9 that incidence end is cased with single mode lock pin 8 is inserted into
Casing 6, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the incident end face of single mode optical fiber 9 are located at small value aperture variable refractivity lens 4 or concave-sphere 7
Focal point, the numeric aperture values of single mode optical fiber 9 are equal to or more than the number of small value aperture variable refractivity lens 5 or concave-sphere 7
It is worth aperture, the outer wall and 6 internal wall transitions of casing of single mode lock pin 8 cooperate, and the outer wall of single mode lock pin 8 is coated with optic-solidified adhesive, ultraviolet light
Transparent sleeve 6 solidifies optic-solidified adhesive, realizes accurate, firm installation of the single mode optical fiber 9 in casing 6.
One, two-stage couples
First order coupling occurs between primary plus lens 1 and multimode fibre 2.The core diameter of multimode fibre 2 is 100 μm of left sides
The right side, and the core diameter very little of single mode optical fiber 9 are generally only 10 μm or so, that is to say, that the incident end face area of multimode fibre 2 is big
It is approximately 100 times of the incident end face area of single mode optical fiber 9, therefore, first order coupling was not only easy but also efficient.Second level coupling occurs
In the combination coupler being made of large-numerical aperture variable refractivity lens 3 and small value aperture variable refractivity lens 4 or concave-sphere 7
Between part and single mode optical fiber 9.The outgoing end face of multimode fibre 2 is located at 3 object focus of large-numerical aperture variable refractivity lens meaning
The incident mirror surface of outgoing end face and large-numerical aperture variable refractivity lens 3 center of multimode fibre 2 offset, in this link, light
It can almost 100% incoming large-numerical aperture variable refractivity lens 3.Large-numerical aperture variable refractivity lens 4 can will come from multimode
Optical fiber 2 collimates output from the luminous energy of all directions incidence in its numerical aperture, then by small value aperture variable refractivity lens 4 or
7 height of person's concave-sphere converges at outgoing mirror surface focus and is exactly emitted in mirror surface for small value aperture variable refractivity lens 4
The heart, and the incident end face of single mode optical fiber 9 is located in the focus, completes the second secondary coupling.
Two, numerical aperture matches
Numerical aperture matching is carried out in three coupling links, first is that between primary plus lens 1 and multimode fibre 2；Second is that
Between multimode fibre 2 and large-numerical aperture variable refractivity lens 3；Third is that small value aperture variable refractivity lens 4 or concave-sphere 7 with
Between single mode optical fiber 9.Primary plus lens 1, multimode fibre 2, large-numerical aperture variable refractivity lens 3 numerical aperture it is equal or
Person is sequentially increased, and the numerical aperture of small value aperture variable refractivity lens 4 or concave-sphere 7, single mode optical fiber 9 is equal or successively increases
Greatly, so farthest more luminous energy can be coupled between device, whole coupling efficiency is improved.
Three, device position is accurately fixed
The exit end of multimode fibre 2 is held by multimode lock pin 5 and is embedded in 6 one end of casing, and the incidence end of single mode optical fiber 9 is by list
Mould lock pin 8 holds and is embedded in 6 other end of casing, large-numerical aperture variable refractivity lens 3, small value aperture variable refractivity lens 4
Or concave-sphere 7 is also all embedded in casing 6, is respectively mounted in place and is fixed, although in concave-sphere 7 and large-numerical aperture variable refractivity lens
3, there are air dielectrics between single mode optical fiber 9, but turbulent flow is not present, and luminous energy is able to improve coupling by design optical path efficient propagation
Close efficiency.
Finally, the coupling efficiency of the optically coupled device of the present invention can reach 65% and (replace small value aperture by concave-sphere 7 and become folding
Penetrate rate lens 4, coupling efficiency 52%).Meanwhile compared to a kind of existing " space laser beam optical fiber coupling for overcoming atmospheric turbulance
The scheme of conjunction efficiency optimization method ", the optically coupled device structure of the present invention is simple, small in size, light-weight, low energy consumption, at low cost,
Wherein replacing small value aperture variable refractivity lens 4 with concave-sphere 7 can further reduce the cost.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1, Fig. 2 are the two-stage space optical coupling device knots that can be improved single mode optical fiber space optical coupling efficiency of the present invention
Structure and coupling operational state schematic cross-sectional view, wherein Fig. 1 is used as Figure of abstract simultaneously, in Fig. 2, only replaces decimal with concave-sphere
It is worth aperture variable refractivity lens.Fig. 3, Fig. 4 are the two-stage spaces that can be improved single mode optical fiber space optical coupling efficiency of the present invention
Optically coupled device structural upright schematic diagram only replaces small value aperture variable refractivity lens in Fig. 4 with concave-sphere.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 3, the two-stage space optical coupling that can be improved single mode optical fiber space optical coupling efficiency of the present invention
Device becomes along light incident direction primary plus lens 1, multimode fibre 2, large-numerical aperture variable refractivity lens 3, small value aperture
Index lens 4 sequentially coaxially arrange.
Primary plus lens 1 is non-spherical lens, to reduce aberration, reduces the light for focusing on 2 incident end face of multimode fibre
Spot diameter improves the coupling efficiency that light enters multimode fibre 2 from primary plus lens 1；Primary 1 diameter of plus lens is 20mm,
Effective focal length 60mm, numerical aperture 0.15.
2 core diameter of multimode fibre is 105 μm, numerical aperture 0.22, covering thickness 0.9mm；The incident end face of multimode fibre 2 is located at
The outgoing end face of primary 1 rear focus of plus lens, multimode fibre 2 is located at 3 object focus of large-numerical aperture variable refractivity lens.
The numerical aperture of large-numerical aperture variable refractivity lens 3 is 0.25, intercept 0.29, diameter 2.5mm；Large-numerical aperture
The outgoing mirror surface and the incident mirror surface of small value aperture variable refractivity lens 4 of variable refractivity lens 3 offset.
The numerical aperture of small value aperture variable refractivity lens 4 is 0.11, intercept 0.60, diameter 2.5mm.
The refractive index of large-numerical aperture variable refractivity lens 3 and small value aperture variable refractivity lens 4 is from center to side
Edge successively decreases, and the refractive index rate of regression of large-numerical aperture variable refractivity lens 3 is higher than small value aperture variable refractivity lens 4
Refractive index rate of regression.
The exit end of multimode fibre 2 is cased with multimode lock pin 5；5 diameter 2.5mm of multimode lock pin.
The material of casing 6 is Pyrex；Casing 6 internal diameter 2.5mm, outer diameter 3.5mm.
Multimode lock pin 5, large-numerical aperture variable refractivity lens 3, small value aperture variable refractivity lens 4 outer wall and casing
6 inner wall stationary fits.
Alternatively, replacing small value aperture variable refractivity lens 4, as shown in Figure 2, Figure 4 shows, the diameter of concave-sphere 7 by concave-sphere 7
2.5mm；From for 2mm between concave-sphere 7 and large-numerical aperture variable refractivity lens 3, material is sapphire.With self-focusing lens phase
Than concave-sphere can further increase coupling efficiency, and simple structure, handling ease, low manufacture cost；There are also be exactly matching requirements
It is lower, do not need close adjustment.
Two mirror surfaces of primary plus lens 1, two end faces of multimode fibre 2, large-numerical aperture variable refractivity lens 3
Outgoing mirror surface, the incident mirror surface of small value aperture variable refractivity lens 4,7 surface of concave-sphere are coated with 1550nm wavelength anti-reflection film, instead
Rate is penetrated less than 0.5%.The incident angle range of the anti-reflection film of two end faces of multimode fibre 2 is ± 45 °.
9 incidence end of single mode optical fiber is cased with single mode lock pin 8,8 diameter 2.5mm of single mode lock pin；9 μm of 9 core diameter of single mode optical fiber, covering
Thick 0.9mm；9 incident end face of single mode optical fiber is coated with 1550nm wavelength anti-reflection film, and reflectivity is less than 0.5%；9 numerical aperture of single mode optical fiber
Diameter 0.13.When the present invention is used for single mode optical fiber space optical coupling, the single mode optical fiber 9 that incidence end is cased with single mode lock pin 8 is inserted into
Casing 6, as shown in figures 1-4, the incident end face of single mode optical fiber 9 are located at small value aperture variable refractivity lens 4 or concave-sphere 7
Focal point, the outer wall and 6 internal wall transitions of casing of single mode lock pin 8 cooperate, and the outer wall of single mode lock pin 8 is coated with optic-solidified adhesive, ultraviolet light
Transparent sleeve 6 solidifies optic-solidified adhesive, realizes accurate, firm installation of the single mode optical fiber 9 in casing 6.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of two-stage space optical coupling device that can be improved single mode optical fiber space optical coupling efficiency, which is characterized in that along light
Incident direction primary plus lens (1), multimode fibre (2), large-numerical aperture variable refractivity lens (3), small value aperture become folding
Rate lens (4) are penetrated sequentially coaxially to arrange；The numerical aperture of primary plus lens (1) is equal to or less than the number of multimode fibre (2)
It is worth aperture, the incident end face of multimode fibre (2) is located at primary plus lens (1) rear focus, the outgoing end face of multimode fibre (2)
Positioned at large-numerical aperture variable refractivity lens (3) object focus；The numerical aperture of large-numerical aperture variable refractivity lens (3) is equal to
Or it is greater than the numerical aperture of multimode fibre (2), the outgoing mirror surface and small value aperture of large-numerical aperture variable refractivity lens (3)
The incident mirror surface of variable refractivity lens (4) offsets；Large-numerical aperture variable refractivity lens (3) and small value aperture variable refractivity are saturating
The refractive index of mirror (4) is successively decreased from center to edge, and the refractive index rate of regression of large-numerical aperture variable refractivity lens (3) is high
In the refractive index rate of regression of small value aperture variable refractivity lens (4)；The exit end of multimode fibre (2) is cased with multimode lock pin
(5)；The outer diameter phase of multimode lock pin (5), large-numerical aperture variable refractivity lens (3), small value aperture variable refractivity lens (4)
Together, the outer wall and set of multimode lock pin (5), large-numerical aperture variable refractivity lens (3), small value aperture variable refractivity lens (4)
(6) inner wall stationary fit is managed, the material of casing (6) is saturating ultraviolet optical glass；Alternatively, being become by concave-sphere (7) replacement small value aperture
The diameter of index lens (4), concave-sphere (7) is identical as the outer diameter of multimode lock pin (5), large-numerical aperture variable refractivity lens (3).
2. the two-stage space optical coupling device according to claim 1 that can be improved single mode optical fiber space optical coupling efficiency,
It is characterized in that, primary plus lens (1) is non-spherical lens, diameter 20mm, effective focal length 60mm, numerical aperture 0.15；
Multimode fibre (2) core diameter is 105 μm, numerical aperture 0.22, covering thickness 0.9mm；The number of large-numerical aperture variable refractivity lens (3)
Being worth aperture is 0.25, intercept 0.29, diameter 2.5mm；The numerical aperture of small value aperture variable refractivity lens (4) is 0.11, is cut
Away from 0.60, diameter 2.5mm；Multimode lock pin (5) diameter 2.5mm；The material of casing (6) is Pyrex, casing (6) internal diameter
2.5mm, outer diameter 3.5mm；The diameter 2.5mm of concave-sphere (7)；Between concave-sphere (7) and large-numerical aperture variable refractivity lens (3) from for
2mm, material are sapphire.
3. the two-stage space optical coupling device according to claim 1 that can be improved single mode optical fiber space optical coupling efficiency,
It is characterized in that, two mirror surfaces of primary plus lens (1), two end faces of multimode fibre (2), large-numerical aperture variable refractivity
The outgoing mirror surface of lens (3), the incident mirror surface of small value aperture variable refractivity lens (4), concave-sphere (7) surface are coated with 1550nm
Wavelength anti-reflection film, reflectivity is less than 0.5%；The incident angle range of the anti-reflection film of two end faces of multimode fibre (2) be ±
45°。
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| CN111562686B (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2021-11-09 | 南开大学 | Space light self-adaptive coupling device based on crystal electro-optic effect |
| CN111653659A (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2020-09-11 | 湖北大学 | Device for reducing divergence angle of light emitted by light emitting diode and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN111653659B (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2021-05-18 | 湖北大学 | Device for reducing divergence angle of light emitted by light emitting diode and manufacturing method thereof |
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