CN109459382A - A kind of portable type ground friction coefficient tester device - Google Patents
A kind of portable type ground friction coefficient tester device Download PDFInfo
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- CN109459382A CN109459382A CN201811642711.3A CN201811642711A CN109459382A CN 109459382 A CN109459382 A CN 109459382A CN 201811642711 A CN201811642711 A CN 201811642711A CN 109459382 A CN109459382 A CN 109459382A
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N19/00—Investigating materials by mechanical methods
- G01N19/02—Measuring coefficient of friction between materials
Abstract
A kind of portable type ground friction coefficient tester device disclosed by the invention, belongs to detection device technology field.By the way that the transmission parameter of inner gear of the gear box or the diameter of front and back wheel is arranged, keep the linear velocity of front-wheel and rear-wheel not identical, frictional force between rear-wheel and ground is transmitted to intermediate gear shaft by rear axle, the frictional force data measured is transferred to processing unit by test cell, in conjunction with the weight power of the test equipment of input processing unit, after data processing, the coefficient of friction being calculated is reflected on the display unit in real time.The test equipment simple structure and reasonable design, it is compact-sized, carry operation convenient for single, test philosophy is ingenious, pass through the front gear and backgear of the different numbers of teeth of arranging in pairs or groups, or the front wheels and rear wheels by different-diameter, it can be realized the measurement of coefficient of friction under different slip rates between tire and road surface or slippage rate；To test site without particular requirement, reduce the labor intensity of tester, save the testing time, saves testing cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to detection device technology fields, and in particular to a kind of portable type ground friction coefficient tester device.
Background technique
Currently in order to the security performance of research laying of roadway material, assesses the anti-slide performance on road surface, it is essential to determine
Coefficient of friction between phase road pavement and vehicle tyre is measured.Both at home and abroad there are mainly three types of detection methods for this problem,
That is braking distance method of testing, portable pendulum tester method, tractor method or trolley method.Wherein braking distance method of testing, test method is complicated,
It is more demanding to field condition, and measuring accuracy is poor；Although swinging friction coefficient tester can be not only used for on-the-spot test, again
Sampling is used for indoor test, but this method is only applicable to the ground surface material test of fixed position, with pedestrian (vehicle) walking
Ground (road) face practical application operating condition is not inconsistent, and can not achieve continuous data acquisition, and test process is easily affected by human factors, is surveyed
Coefficient of friction cannot with reflecting well (road) plane materiel material antiskid performance；Now common tractor or cart type
Friction coefficient tester for pavement, can carry out follow-on test, and be not necessarily to close traffic, but its structure is complex, volume is larger and
With high costs, application is limited, fails large-scale promotion, at present domestic less use.
The test device for road friction coefficients that Patent No. CN200910021671.5 Chinese patent proposes, is connected by chain
Front and back wheel is connect, realizes that front-wheel skids using the velocity of rotation difference of front and back sprocket wheel, then sensor detects front axle torque, passes through
The coefficient of friction between tire and road surface is obtained after conversion, though which is able to satisfy road test requirement under certain condition,
It need to can just be converted to frictional force by special algorithm by way of sensor measurement wheel shaft torque, wheel shaft when due to work
It is rotation, so signals transmission needs to increase collecting ring, structure is complicated, and reliability is low.Easily make to survey in structure simultaneously
The volume that trial assembly is set becomes larger, and is not easy to single carrying, and administrative department seems not square when being sampled detection to a small amount of road surface
Just, the ground of the buildings such as house can not be conveniently used in.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of portable type ground friction coefficient tester device,
It is structurally reasonable, easy to use, low in cost, test data is accurate, can be convenient for carrying and carry out ground friction in road surface or building
The measurement of coefficient.
The present invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
The invention discloses a kind of portable type ground friction coefficient tester device, including gear box casing, traction knob, after
Axis, intermediate gear shaft, front axle and test and display system；
Gear box casing is fixed with several groups support component, and rear axle and front axle can be rotated to support on support component respectively
On；Rear axle is fixedly connected with backgear and rear-wheel, and front axle is fixedly connected with front gear and front-wheel；Intermediate gear shaft is fixedly connected on
On gear box casing, between rear axle and front axle, intermediate gear can be rotated to support on intermediate gear shaft by support component
On；Backgear and front gear are engaged with intermediate gear respectively；Traction knob is connected on gear box casing or front axle；Front-wheel with
The linear velocity of rear-wheel is unequal, can by change gearhousing body in gear connection type, by change front-wheel and after
The modes such as the diameter of wheel are realized.
Test and display system include test cell, processing unit and display unit, and test and display system pass through power supply
Power supply, processing unit include signal amplifier, A/D converter and arithmetic unit, and test cell is arranged on intermediate gear shaft, test
Unit is successively electrically connected with signal amplifier, A/D converter, arithmetic unit and display unit, processing unit and display unit setting
On gear box casing.
Preferably, front-wheel bear vertical load be greater than rear-wheel bear vertical load, can by structure design or
Increase the modes such as counterweight to realize.
Preferably, traction knob is hinged on gear box casing.
Preferably, traction knob is hinged on front axle.
It is further preferred that the limit of restricted traction handle rotation angle is arranged with the hinged position of front axle in traction knob
Position device, can be fixedly mounted a baffle outside gear box casing, can touch when traction knob is rotated up certain angle
Baffle is touched, slewing area is limited；It either shakes hands to fill a pin shaft close to gear-box side in traction, be fixed in gear box casing
One limited block, traction handle rotation to certain angle will receive the limitation of gear box casing upper limit position block.
Preferably, the quantity of rear-wheel is 2.
Preferably, the quantity of front-wheel is 2.
Preferably, rear-wheel is made with front-wheel of anti-skidding material, such as rubber, nylon.
Preferably, test and display system further include the data storage cell being electrically connected with processing unit.
Preferably, test the speed unit inside the processing unit of test and display system.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
A kind of portable type ground friction coefficient tester device disclosed by the invention, by changing the gear in gearhousing body
Connection type, by changing the modes such as diameter of front wheels and rear wheels realize that the linear velocity of front-wheel and rear-wheel is not identical, work as traction
When knob is by horizontal pull, test equipment is moved in a straight line forward, and front wheels and rear wheels start turning, when the linear velocity of front-wheel is big
When the linear velocity of rear-wheel, the theoretical velocity of rear-wheel is less than actual travel speed, rear wheels slip and does forward sliding at this time and transports
It is dynamic；When the linear velocity of front-wheel is less than the linear velocity of rear-wheel, the theoretical velocity of rear-wheel is greater than actual travel speed, at this time rear wheels slip
And do movement of trackslipping backward；By choose driving form between different front gear and backgear or design it is different before
Wheel diameter and rear wheel diameter, the available different slip rates of test equipment or slippage rate.
When rear-wheel do sliding or trackslip move when, the frictional force between rear-wheel and ground is transmitted to intermediate gear shaft by rear axle,
Intermediate gear shaft bears load and generates stress, and the stress measured is become electric signal by the test cell being arranged on intermediate gear shaft
It is transferred to processing unit and is converted into frictional force, in conjunction with the weight power of the test equipment of input processing unit, at data
After reason, the coefficient of friction being calculated is reflected on the display unit in real time.The test equipment simple structure and reasonable design,
It is compact-sized, measurement result real-time display can be carried operation convenient for single.Frictional force is converted by gear drive
At the stress that can directly measure on intermediate gear shaft, gear drive is accurate, steady reliable, and test philosophy is ingenious, passes through collocation
The front gear and backgear of the different numbers of teeth or form or the different preceding wheel diameter and rear wheel diameter of change intermediate gear, can
Realize the measurement of tire and coefficient of friction under slip rates different between road surface or slippage rate；To test site without particular requirement, reduce
The labor intensity of tester saves the testing time, saves testing cost.
Further, the vertical load that front-wheel is born is greater than the vertical load that rear-wheel is born, to guarantee that front-wheel does pure rolling
Movement makes the actual speed of the theoretical velocity test equipment of front-wheel, improves the accuracy of test result without generating sliding.
Further, traction knob is hinged on gear box casing, can draw knob one when slope change is larger
Determine that there is adaptive corrective action in range, avoids the component for making rear-wheel by vertical direction, influence test result.
Further, traction knob is arranged on front axle by hinged mode, can draw when slope change is larger
Knob has adaptive corrective action in a certain range, avoids the component for making rear-wheel by vertical direction, influences test knot
Fruit.Meanwhile because tie point is located on front-wheel shaft centre line, so the power will not generate torque to front-wheel, reduce measurement error.
Further, it to be carried out according to working specification when normal use, theory calls horizontally tracting, actually use process
In require front-wheel as driving wheel realize pure rolling, traction handle angle by limiting device adjust, it is ensured that drawing maximum angular
Spending lower rear wheel load variation influences minimum to test result, avoids traction handle rotation amplitude excessive, influences test result.
Further, the quantity of rear-wheel is 2, keeps test equipment movement steady, backgear axle uniform force.
Further, the quantity of front-wheel is 2, keeps test equipment movement steady, nipper wheel shaft uniform force.
Further, rear-wheel is made with front-wheel of anti-skidding material, and preventing from skidding influences test result.
Further, there is data storage cell inside the processing unit of test and display system, it can will be in a period of time
Data stored, to carry out subsequent analysis.
Further, test and display system further include the unit that tests the speed being electrically connected with processing unit, can be by tester
The real-time speed of device shows on the display unit and is stored, and refers to for tester.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is overall structure diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the overall structure schematic top plan view of the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 3 is the overall structure schematic top plan view of the embodiment of the present invention 2；
Fig. 4 is the overall structure schematic top plan view of the embodiment of the present invention 3；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of test of the invention and display system；
In figure: 1 is the unit that tests the speed, and 2 be display unit, and 3 be processing unit, and 4 be power supply, and 5 be Box Cover, and 6 be gear-box
Shell, 7 be traction knob, and 8 be rear-wheel, and 9 be rear axle, and 10 be backgear, and 11 be intermediate gear shaft, and 12 be intermediate gear, and 13 are
Front axle, 14 be front gear, and 15 be front-wheel.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be described in further detail in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments, and content is to solution of the invention
It releases rather than limits:
Fig. 1 is overall structure diagram of the invention, and Box Cover 5 is housed on gear box casing 6, and the unit 1 that will test the speed is shown
Show that unit 2, processing unit 3, power supply 4 are incorporated on Box Cover 5.
Remaining structure is shown in following specific embodiments:
Embodiment 1
As Fig. 2 is supported with rear axle 9 by bearing, is fixedly installed on rear axle 9 at the side wall rear portion of gear box casing 6
One backgear 10 and two rear-wheels 8, backgear 10 are located at 9 middle part of rear axle, and two rear-wheels 8 are respectively and fixedly installed to rear axle 9
Both ends.In the middle part of the side wall of gear box casing 6, it is fixedly installed with intermediate gear shaft 11, is passed through at the middle part of intermediate gear shaft 11
Bearing is supported with intermediate gear 12.In the side wall front of gear box casing 6, front axle 13 is supported with by bearing, on front axle 13
It is fixedly installed with a front gear 14 and two front-wheels 15, front gear 14 is fixed on 13 middle part of front axle, and two front-wheels 15 are solid respectively
Outside and close gear box casing 6 of the Dingan County mounted in gear box casing 6.Traction knob 7, traction knob are installed on front axle 13
7 are hinged on the both ends of front axle 13, and are equipped with the limiting device of limitation traction 7 rotational angles of knob.Intermediate gear 12 respectively with it is rear
Gear 10 and front gear 14 are meshed.
On Box Cover 5, it is equipped with close to switch as the unit 1 that tests the speed, the inductive head of close switch 1 is close to backgear
10, it is close to switch output pulse signal when backgear 10 rotates.Two front-wheels 15 and two rear-wheels 8 all use tire rubber
Glue manufacture.
When work, friction coefficient tester device is placed on (ground) road surface to be measured, is pulled by the way that traction knob 7 is horizontal
Instrument travels forward, then front-wheel 15 and rear-wheel 8 start turning, and two rear-wheels 8 are fixed together not by rear axle 9 and backgear 10
Can produce relative rotation, two front-wheels 15 are fixed together with front gear 14 and cannot be produced relative rotation by front axle 13, then after
The revolving speed of wheel 8 is identical as 10 revolving speed of backgear, and the revolving speed of front-wheel 15 is identical as 14 revolving speed of front gear, and intermediate gear 12 is used as power
The transition gear of transmission guarantees that front-wheel 15 is identical as the rotation direction of rear-wheel 9, and intermediate gear 12 does not influence transmission ratio, due to nipper
Wheel 14 is different from the number of teeth of backgear 10, causes front-wheel 15 different from the revolving speed of rear-wheel 8, because of the diameter phase of front-wheel 15 and rear-wheel 8
Deng will lead to the circle number that front-wheel 15 in the same time and rear-wheel 8 turn over when tire is advanced forward differs, that is, front-wheel 15
It is different from the linear velocity of rear-wheel 8, so that front-wheel 15 or rear-wheel 8 skid.
In the present embodiment, the number of teeth of front gear 14 is less than the number of teeth of backgear 10, and the revolving speed of such front-wheel 15 is greater than rear-wheel 8
Revolving speed, test equipment is in production by changing structure, increasing the vertical load that the modes such as counterweight ensure that front-wheel 15 born
The vertical load that significantly greater than rear-wheel 8 is born makes test equipment front-wheel to guarantee that front-wheel 15 does PURE ROLLING without sliding
15 theoretical velocity is the actual speed of test equipment, and since the revolving speed of rear-wheel 8 is slower, the theoretical velocity of rear-wheel 8 is less than front-wheel
15 theoretical velocity, that is, rear-wheel 8 theoretical velocity be less than test equipment actual travel speed, i.e., rear-wheel 8 generate forward
It skids and forms sliding.Slip rate s when rear-wheel 8 is advanced can be calculated as follows:
S is the slip rate of rear-wheel 8, z in formula1For 10 number of teeth of backgear, z2It, in practice can be according to need for 14 number of teeth of front gear
Different number of gear teeth is selected, different slip rates is obtained.
Sliding motion is formed between rear-wheel 8 and ground, then will receive the force of sliding friction that ground is applied, pass through rear axle 9
Be transmitted to backgear 10, by theory of mechanics it is found that engagement force between the size of frictional force and backgear 10 and intermediate gear 12 at
The size of direct ratio, the engagement force is directly proportional to the radial force that intermediate gear shaft 11 is subject to.Since intermediate gear shaft 11 does not rotate,
Foil gauge is pasted by the method for common bearing pin sensor on intermediate gear shaft 11, the radial force experienced is converted electricity by foil gauge
Signal is filtered the electric signal by the signal amplifier of processing unit 3, amplifies, then becomes number by A/D converter
Signal, arithmetic unit can be in the hope of frictional force according to this digital signal.Since traction knob 10 is hinged on front axle 13, draw
The variation of power will not influence the ground connection weight of rear-wheel 8, it is believed that and the weight power to ground of rear-wheel 8 is a constant, according to
This weight power and frictional force, by coefficient of friction=frictional force/weight power, so that it may obtain coefficient of friction.A/D converter can be adopted
With PCF8591 module, YHC-110 bearing pin sensor or force snesor is can be used in test cell, and processor can be using with letter
The single chip microcomputer circuit board 16F877A of number enlarging function.
Such as Fig. 5, it is disposed with close to the place of 10 upside of backgear close to switch in 6 outside of gear box casing, works as backgear
When 10 rotation, close to switch output pulse signal, the change frequency of recording pulse signal, so that it may obtain the row of the test equipment
Into speed.Processing unit 3 carries out processing calculating according to above-mentioned algorithm, and coefficient of friction detected and travel speed are shown aobvious
Show on unit 2.Test equipment self-powered 4, processor detects supply voltage in processing unit 3, and supervises to battery capacity
Control, when the too low alarm of battery capacity；Processing unit 3 has time module, can show 4 electricity of power supply and temporal information aobvious
Show on unit 2, tester facilitated to check at any time, display unit 2 can be LED screen or liquid crystal display, such as
3.5 cun of liquid crystal displays of LQ035NC111.In all collected data real-time storages to data storage cell, it can terminate in measurement
Data are exported by subsidiary USB interface afterwards, for subsequent analysis, preservation.
Embodiment 2
Such as Fig. 3, the number of teeth of front gear 14 is greater than the number of teeth of backgear 10, other components and components in the present embodiment
Connection relationship it is same as Example 1.Revolving speed of the revolving speed of front-wheel 15 less than rear-wheel 8 in this way.The theory of the tester front-wheel 15
Speed is actual speed, and since the revolving speed of rear-wheel 8 is very fast, the theoretical velocity of rear-wheel 8 is greater than the theoretical velocity of front-wheel 15, that is,
The theoretical velocity of rear-wheel 8 is greater than the actual travel speed of the test equipment, i.e. rear-wheel 8 is generated to skid to be formed backward and be trackslipped.Rear-wheel 8
At this moment slippage rate can be calculated as follows:
σ is the slippage rate of rear-wheel 8 in formula, can select different number of gear teeth as needed in practice, obtain different cunnings
Rate of rotation.The test philosophy of coefficient of friction is same as Example 1, under the scene of different slippage rates, can measure corresponding friction
Coefficient.
Embodiment 3
Such as Fig. 4, front-wheel 15 is fixedly mounted on to the both ends of front axle 13, traction 7 movable sets of knob are in 15 inside of two front wheels
Front axle 13 on, the connection relationship of other components and components, test philosophy are same as Example 1.
Embodiment 4
The number of teeth of front gear 14 is equal to the number of teeth of backgear 10 in the present embodiment, and the diameter of front-wheel 15 is greater than the straight of rear-wheel 8
Diameter.
At this moment, front-wheel 15 is identical as the revolving speed of rear-wheel 8, but since the diameter of rear-wheel 8 is smaller than the diameter of front-wheel 15, after causing
The linear velocity of wheel 8 is smaller than the linear velocity of front-wheel 15, and when test, rear-wheel 8 will be slid forward, and the slip rate s of rear-wheel 8 at this moment can be pressed
Formula calculates:
D in formula1For the diameter of rear-wheel 8, D2For the diameter of front-wheel 15, different front and back wheels can be selected as needed in practice
Diameter obtains different slip rates.
The connection relationship of other components and components, test philosophy are same as Example 1.
Embodiment 5
The number of teeth of front gear 14 is equal to the number of teeth of backgear 10 in the present embodiment, and the diameter of front-wheel 15 is less than the straight of rear-wheel 8
Diameter.
At this moment, front-wheel 15 is identical as the revolving speed of rear-wheel 8, but since the diameter of rear-wheel 8 is bigger than the diameter of front-wheel 15, after causing
The linear velocity of wheel 8 is bigger than the linear velocity of front-wheel 15, and when test, rear-wheel 8 will trackslip backward, and the slippage rate σ of rear-wheel 8 at this moment can be pressed
Formula calculates:
The connection relationship of other components and components, test philosophy are same as Example 1.
Remaining components and its connection relationship can also do following adjustment:
1) quantity of rear-wheel 8 and front-wheel 15 can all be 1, can also be with one for 1, another one 2；
2) unit 1 that tests the speed can also use velocity sensor；
3) power supply 4 can be using external, can also be easy to carry using rechargeable；
4) test cell can also use force snesor；
5) traction knob 7 can be hinged on gear box casing 6
6) rotational angle that travel switch opens monitoring traction knob 7 can be installed additional, when being more than that special angle will call the police and stop
Only record test data.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of portable type ground friction coefficient tester device, which is characterized in that including gear box casing (6), traction knob
(7), rear axle (9), intermediate gear shaft (11), front axle (13) and test and display system；
Gear box casing (6) is fixed with several groups support component, and rear axle (9) and front axle (13) can be rotated to support on branch respectively
On support component；Rear axle (9) is fixedly connected with backgear (10) and rear-wheel (8), front axle (13) be fixedly connected with front gear (14) and
Front-wheel (15)；Intermediate gear shaft (11) is fixedly connected on gear box casing (6), between rear axle (9) and front axle (13), in
Between gear (12) can be rotated to support on intermediate gear shaft (11) by support component；Backgear (10) and front gear (14) are equal
It is engaged respectively with intermediate gear (12)；Traction knob (7) is connected on gear box casing (6) or front axle (13)；Front-wheel (15) with
The linear velocity of rear-wheel (8) is unequal；
Test and display system include test cell, processing unit (3) and display unit (2), and test and display system pass through electricity
Source (4) power supply, processing unit (3) include signal amplifier, A/D converter and arithmetic unit, and test cell is arranged in intermediate gear
On axis (11), test cell is successively connected with signal amplifier, A/D converter, arithmetic unit and display unit (2), processing unit
(3) it is arranged on gear box casing (6) with display unit (2).
2. portable type ground friction coefficient tester device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that front-wheel (15) was born
Vertical load is greater than the vertical load that rear-wheel (8) are born.
3. portable type ground friction coefficient tester device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that traction knob (7) hinge
It connects on gear box casing (6).
4. portable type ground friction coefficient tester device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that traction knob (7) hinge
It connects on front axle (13).
5. portable type ground friction coefficient tester device according to claim 4, which is characterized in that shake hands (7) in traction
With the limiting device that restricted traction knob (7) rotational angle is arranged at front axle (13) link position.
6. portable type ground friction coefficient tester device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the quantity of rear-wheel (8)
It is 2.
7. portable type ground friction coefficient tester device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the quantity of front-wheel (15)
It is 2.
8. portable type ground friction coefficient tester device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that rear-wheel (8) and front-wheel
(15) it is made of anti-skidding material.
9. portable type ground friction coefficient tester device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that test and display system
Processing unit (3) inside have data storage cell.
10. portable type ground friction coefficient tester device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that test and display system
System further includes the unit that tests the speed (1) being electrically connected with processing unit (3).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811642711.3A CN109459382A (en) | 2018-12-29 | 2018-12-29 | A kind of portable type ground friction coefficient tester device |
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| CN201811642711.3A CN109459382A (en) | 2018-12-29 | 2018-12-29 | A kind of portable type ground friction coefficient tester device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109724893A (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2019-05-07 | 广东华路交通科技有限公司 | The test device and method of ultra-thin wearing layer endurance quality in a kind of testing tunnel |
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| CN209446440U (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-09-27 | 西安凯德液压机电有限责任公司 | Portable type ground friction coefficient tester device |
Cited By (1)
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| CN109724893A (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2019-05-07 | 广东华路交通科技有限公司 | The test device and method of ultra-thin wearing layer endurance quality in a kind of testing tunnel |
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