CN109459281B - 处理生化检体的装置 - Google Patents

处理生化检体的装置 Download PDF

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CN109459281B
CN109459281B CN201810123104.XA CN201810123104A CN109459281B CN 109459281 B CN109459281 B CN 109459281B CN 201810123104 A CN201810123104 A CN 201810123104A CN 109459281 B CN109459281 B CN 109459281B
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戴极升
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种生化检体处理装置，其包括至少一半透膜通管、至少一转接管以及一气压盒。所述至少一半透膜通管用以接纳生化检体，其包括一曲面。所述至少一转接管用以接纳所述半透膜通管，其包括一阻挡件。所述气压盒用于产生一真空以使在所述半透膜通管中的生化检体流动通过一半透膜。所述阻挡件抵靠所述曲面。本发明通过在转接管设置一阻挡件，避免因在自转接管中取出半透膜通管时压力不平衡，使生化检体往上溅射到半透膜通管的外侧而造成降低量测效率的可能性。

Description

处理生化检体的装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种处理生化检体的装置，特别是涉及一种 生物医学产业的技术领域，用于自动化设备的一种处理生化检体的装置。
背景技术
在生物相关实验室，常使用半透膜通管清洗、分离或纯化生化分子，如DNA、RNA或蛋白质。一般的半透膜通管为圆柱状，其底部放置一片或多片具特殊用途的半透膜，管内可装入液体，并施以适当的作用力于管内液体上，使液体通过半透膜流出管外而达到其应用目的。
一般使用的作用力系包括离心力或气体压力，当使用离心力操作半透膜通管时，通常先将半透膜管放入一液体收集管，其次将液体检体装入半透膜管，再将其整个放入于离心机的转盘孔内，而后再开动离心机，利用高速旋转时产生的离心力，使液体通过半透膜流出管外而进入液体收集管。以上系针对单一管操作的描述，当需连续多次操作时，其工作量对操作者的负担很大。若使用气体压力时，可将多支半透膜通管分别插入同一个气压盒，再施以正或负气体压力，使液体通过半透膜流出通管而直接进入液体收集瓶，对于多检体或需连续多次的操作较方便。
现有的半透膜通管31(请参考图1)大致上可分成三部份：上颈部311、中间管体部312及下尖部313。上颈部311直径较管体大，有的连盖子314；中间管体部份312主要用来装液体检体，其内底部有一片或多片具特殊用途的半透膜(图未展示)；下尖部313在半透膜通管31的设计不一定存在。
如图1所示，半透膜通管31和气压盒32的连接方式，传统上都采取紧密插入式，亦即将半透膜通管31的下尖部313直接或借 由插入式转接管33插入压力盒孔34。插入式转接管33主要用来避免半透膜通管31直接插入压力盒孔34，因压力盒孔34会重复被装有不同检体的半透膜通管31使用，而使后来使用的半透膜通管31 内的检体发生交叉污染。插入式转接管33可以是用后即丢式或清洗后重复使用。使用插入式转接管33时，将半透膜通管31的下尖部313插入所述插入式转接管33，然后再将插入式转接管33插入压力盒孔34，因而形成半透膜通管31-插入式转接管33-气压盒32 的结构。很多应用都会使用插入式转接管33，尤其对于一些检体间有交叉污染顾虑的实验，如纯化核酸用于PCR反应。这种连接方式必须紧密以避免漏气，常须用手指抓紧半透膜通管31及插入式转接管33，以便插紧，有时因插得太紧又必须费力拔出，在多次操作后，难免造成手指疼痛，对于进行大量的半透膜通管检体的操作极为不便。另外，由图1可知，半透膜通管31在操作的前后，整个曝露在外，且因其仅在下尖部313固定，在操作过程中有可能被操作人员因不慎碰撞而脱落。
参考申请人已经申请获准的专利TW201247323，其有效的解决了所述插入式转接管33与所述气压盒32之间无法密封的技术问题。然而，却有另一个技术问题始终无法解决，所述技术问题为：为了要保持气密，所述半透膜通管31与所述插入式转接管33 需要插得相当紧；因此，当要将所述半透膜通管31移开所述插入式转接管33时会导致部分已经通过所述半透膜通管31的半透膜的检体因为压力不平衡，通过所述插入式转接管33的内部空间与所述半透膜通管31的外侧，往上溅射到所述半透膜通管31的外侧，进而导致后续量测的错误。
故，亟需提出一种处理生化检体的装置，以解决上述技术问题。
发明内容
为解决上述现有技术的问题，本发明通过在转接管设置一阻挡件，避免检体因为压力不平衡而往上溅射到半透膜通管的外侧而造成量测错误的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供一种处理生化检体的装置，其包括至少一半透膜通管、至少一转接管以及一气压盒。
所述至少一半透膜通管，其内部界定出一第一容置空间，所述第一容置空间底部有至少一片半透膜，所述管顶部有一第一开口且以径向朝外延伸出第一凸缘，所述管底部设有一第一出口。所述至少一转接管，其内部界定出一第二容置空间，其顶部有一第二开口且以径向朝外延伸出第二凸缘，其底部设有一第二出口，所述第二容置空间直径略大于所述半透膜通管的外径。所述气压盒，包含：一盒体，其内部界定出一贮存空间；及一上盖，覆盖于所述盒体，包含至少一承接槽，其直径略大于所述转接管的外径，所述承接槽的底部设有一通孔与所述盒体的贮存空间相通。所述管底部形成一曲面，所述至少一转接管的底部设有一阻挡件，所述阻挡件设置在所述至少一转接管的内侧且抵靠所述曲面。
在一优选实施例中，所述至少一转接管在所述阻挡件的位置具有一环形槽道，所述阻挡件呈O形环状，设于所述环形槽道内，所述阻挡件内径等于或略大于所述半透膜通管外径，且当对所述盒体的贮存空间抽真空时，能降低空气通过所述曲面与阻挡件界面的气流。
在一优选实施例中，所述阻挡件为一凸肋，与所述转接管一体成形。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供一种处理生化检体的装置，其包括至少一半透膜通管、至少一转接管以及一气压盒。
所述至少一半透膜通管，其内部界定出一第一容置空间，所述第一容置空间用来接纳生化检体，其底部有至少一片半透膜，所述至少一半透膜通管底部设有一第一出口。所述至少一转接管，其内部界定出一第二容置空间用来接纳所述至少一半透膜通管，其底部设有一第二出口和所述至少一半透膜通管的第一出口相通。所述气压盒，用以接纳所述至少一半透膜通管和所述至少一转接管，并用来产生一气压使所述生化检体流过所述至少一片半透膜。所述管底部形成一外侧面，所述至少一转接管的底部设有一阻挡件，所述阻挡件设置在所述至少一转接管的内侧并和所述至少一半透膜的外侧面相抵靠。
在一优选实施例中，所述外侧面为一曲面。
在一优选实施例中，所述至少一转接管在所述阻挡件的位置具有一环形槽道，所述阻挡件呈O形环状，设于所述环形槽道内，所述阻挡件内径等于或略大于所述半透膜通管外径，且当对所述盒体的贮存空间抽真空时，能降低空气通过所述曲面与阻挡件界面的气流。
在一优选实施例中，所述阻挡件为一凸肋，与所述转接管一体成形。
在一优选实施例中，所述管顶部有一第一开口且以径向朝外延伸出第一凸缘，所述转接管顶部有一第二开口且以径向朝外延伸出第二凸缘，所述气压盒包括一盒体，其内部界定出一贮存空间；及一上盖，覆盖于所述盒体，包含至少一承接槽，其直径略大于所述转接管的外径，所述承接槽的底部设有一通孔与所述盒体的贮存空间相通。
相较现有技术，本发明通过在转接管设置一阻挡件，避免检体因为压力不平衡而往上溅射到半透膜通管的外侧的技术问题。
附图说明
图1展示一现有处理生化检体装置的示意图；
图2展示依据本发明的处理生化检体装置的第一实施例的剖面图；
图3展示图2的区域A的放大图；
图4展示依据本发明的处理生化检体装置的第二实施例的剖面图；
图5展示图4的区域A的放大图。
具体实施方式
以下说明是根据各附图说明各优选实施例，本发明所提到的方向用语，例如「上」、「下」、「前」、「后」、「左」、「右」、「内」、「外」、「侧面」等，仅是参考附图的方向，用于说明及理解本发明，而非限制本发明。
参考图2-3。图2展示依据本发明的生化检体处理装置10的第一优选实施例的剖面图；图3展示图2的区域A的放大图。所述处理生化检体的装置包括至少一半透膜通管31、至少一转接管33 以及一气压盒32。
图2展示本发明的第一优选实施例，其中半透膜通管31系现有者。半透膜通管31通常为圆柱状，包含一内部、一顶部及一底部。其内部界定出一第一容置空间111，其用容纳生化检体且其中置有至少一片半透膜112。其顶部设有一第一开口116及自顶部向外延伸的一第一凸缘113，而底部设有一第一出口114以及一外侧面界定的一曲面315。在本优选实施例中，所述曲面315是一个圆椎曲面，然而可以根据不同需求改变，并不以此为限。
所述转接管33大致为一试管状，其可以任何合适的材料制成，转接管33包含一内部、一顶部及一底部。其内部界定出一第二容置空间121，其顶部设有一第二开口127及自所述顶部以径向朝外延伸的第二凸缘122。所述转接管33在所述阻挡件的位置具有一环形槽道147，所述阻挡件125呈O形环状，设于所述环形槽道147内，所述阻挡件125内径等于或略大于所述半透膜通管31 外径，且当对所述盒体142的贮存空间145抽真空时，能降低空气通过所述曲面315与阻挡件125界面的气流。所述凸缘122周围装设一弹性气密圈13，而底部设有一第二出口123和所述第一出口 114相通以及一阻挡件125。转接管33的内径略大于半透膜通管31 中间管体部份的外径，但小于顶部113的直径，使半透膜通管31 得以通过转接管33的第二开口127插入，并以松配合关系容置于转接管33的第二容置空间121内，而半透膜通管31顶部的第一凸缘113适可抵靠于转接管33的第二凸缘122上的弹性气密圈13。所述弹性气密圈13可以是具有弹性的垫圈。
所述气压盒34包含一盒体142，其内部界定出一贮存空间 145；及一上盖141，覆盖于所述盒体142，包含至少一承接槽143，其直径略大于所述转接管33的外径，所述承接槽143的底部设有一通孔144与所述盒体142的贮存空间145相通。
当半透膜通管31插置于承接槽143内时，所述阻挡件125可将半透膜通管31定位，且当对气压盒34的贮存空间145抽真空时，空气不会从所述半透膜通管31与所述阻挡件125的界面通过，可确保半透膜通管31内的液体生化检体受大气压力的压迫而通过半透膜，并进而流出管外。
而本发明的技术特点在于：当真空操作完成后，要将所述至少一半透膜通管31自所述至少一转接管33分开时，所述阻挡件 125因为抵靠着所述曲面315，因此可以避免生化检体因为压力不平衡而往上溅射到半透膜通管的外侧。
请参考图4-5。图4展示依据本发明的处理生化检体装置20 的第二实施例的剖面图；图5展示图4的区域A的放大图。本实施例与第一实施例的差异在于：不需要设置环形槽道147。取而代之的是所述阻挡件125为设置在所述转接管33的所述第二容置空间121的凸肋，可与所述转接管33为一体成形的结构，进一步简化生产流程。
以上仅是本发明的优选实施例，而非对本发明做任何形式的限制，在本发明精神下做出的任何修饰或变更，对于所述本领域的技术人员而言，这些修饰或变更均为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (8)

1.一种处理生化检体的装置，包括：
至少一半透膜通管，其内部界定出一第一容置空间，所述第一容置空间底部有至少一片半透膜，所述管顶部有一第一开口且以径向朝外延伸出第一凸缘，所述管底部设有一第一出口；
至少一转接管，其内部界定出一第二容置空间，其顶部有一第二开口且以径向朝外延伸出第二凸缘，其底部设有一第二出口，所述第二容置空间直径略大于所述半透膜通管的外径；
一气压盒，包含：一盒体，其内部界定出一贮存空间；及一上盖，覆盖于所述盒体，包含至少一承接槽，其直径略大于所述转接管的外径，所述承接槽的底部设有一通孔与所述盒体的贮存空间相通；
以及所述处理生化检体的装置，其特征在于:所述至少一半透膜通管的底部形成一曲面，所述至少一转接管的底部设有一阻挡件，所述阻挡件设置在所述至少一转接管的内侧且抵靠所述曲面。
2.如权利要求1所述的处理生化检体的装置，其特征在于，所述至少一转接管在所述阻挡件的位置具有一环形槽道，所述阻挡件呈O形环状，设于所述环形槽道内，所述阻挡件内径等于或略大于所述半透膜通管外径，且当对所述盒体的贮存空间抽真空时，能降低空气通过所述曲面与阻挡件界面的气流。
3.如权利要求1所述的处理生化检体的装置，其特征在于，所述阻挡件为一凸肋，与所述转接管一体成形。
4.一种处理生化检体的装置，其特征在于，包括：
至少一半透膜通管，其内部界定出一第一容置空间，所述第一容置空间用来接纳生化检体，其底部有至少一片半透膜，所述至少一半透膜通管底部设有一第一出口；
至少一转接管，其内部界定出一第二容置空间用来接纳所述至少一半透膜通管，其底部设有一第二出口和所述至少一半透膜通管的第一出口相通；
一气压盒，用以接纳所述至少一半透膜通管和所述至少一转接管，并用来产生一气压使所述生化检体流过所述至少一片半透膜；
以及所述处理生化检体的装置，其特征在于，所述至少一半透膜通管的底部形成一外侧面，所述至少一转接管的底部设有一阻挡件，所述阻挡件设置在所述至少一转接管的内侧并和所述至少一半透膜的外侧面相抵靠。
5.如权利要求4所述的处理生化检体的装置，其特征在于，所述外侧面为一曲面。
6.如权利要求5所述的处理生化检体的装置，其特征在于，所述至少一转接管在所述阻挡件的位置具有一环形槽道，所述阻挡件呈O形环状，设于所述环形槽道内，所述阻挡件内径等于或略大于所述半透膜通管外径，且当对所述盒体的贮存空间抽真空时，能降低空气通过所述曲面与阻挡件界面的气流。
7.如权利要求4所述的处理生化检体的装置，其特征在于，所述阻挡件为一凸肋，与所述转接管一体成形。
8.如权利要求4所述的处理生化检体的装置，其特征在于，所述管顶部有一第一开口且以径向朝外延伸出第一凸缘，所述转接管顶部有一第二开口且以径向朝外延伸出第二凸缘，所述气压盒包括一盒体，其内部界定出一贮存空间；及一上盖，覆盖于所述盒体，包含至少一承接槽，其直径略大于所述转接管的外径，所述承接槽的底部设有一通孔与所述盒体的贮存空间相通。
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