CN109458203B - Self-fixing early warning anchor rod and use method - Google Patents

Self-fixing early warning anchor rod and use method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109458203B
CN109458203B CN201910034661.9A CN201910034661A CN109458203B CN 109458203 B CN109458203 B CN 109458203B CN 201910034661 A CN201910034661 A CN 201910034661A CN 109458203 B CN109458203 B CN 109458203B
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rod body
self
early warning
wedge block
section
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CN109458203A (en
Inventor
唐治
孙凯
吕进国
张建卓
常得志
李祁
赵杰
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Liaoning Technical University
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Liaoning Technical University
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21DSHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D21/00Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
    • E21D21/0026Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21DSHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D21/00Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
    • E21D21/008Anchoring or tensioning means
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21DSHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D21/00Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
    • E21D21/0093Accessories

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)

Abstract

The self-fixing early warning anchor rod comprises a rod body, an early warning tray, a nut and an elastic rubber protective cap, wherein the rod body is divided into a conventional rod body section and a self-fixing rod body section which are in threaded connection; a plurality of cuts are processed on the fixed rod body section, wedge blocks are arranged in the cuts, the wedge blocks can move along the oblique surfaces of the cuts, a thrust spring is arranged between the cuts and the straight surfaces of the wedge blocks, a rigid limiting sleeve capable of rotating freely is sleeved outside the fixed rod body section, a wedge block body abdicating opening is formed in the surface of the rigid limiting sleeve, and sharp-tooth top discs are arranged at the top ends of the wedge block body abdicating openings. The using method comprises the following steps: inserting the rod body into the anchor rod mounting hole until the sharp-tooth top disc is propped against the hole bottom, and staggering the wedge block body yielding port and the wedge block body; applying pressure to the rod body to increase the friction force between the top disk of the sharp teeth and the bottom of the hole; the rod body is rotated until the position of the yielding port of the wedge body coincides with that of the wedge body, the wedge body is ejected, the rod body is pulled back to enable the wedge body to form self-locking, and the early warning tray, the nut and the elastic rubber protective cap are installed.

Description

Self-fixing early warning anchor rod and use method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mine roadway support, and particularly relates to a self-fixing type early warning anchor rod and a using method thereof.
Background
In the coal mine roadway support, the anchor rod is the support equipment with the widest application and the largest dosage, and the surrounding rock of the roadway can be anchored together by using the anchor rod, so that the stability of the surrounding rock is improved.
However, existing anchors still suffer from three disadvantages:
(1) the anchoring agent is generally required to be used for fixing the rod body of the anchor rod and surrounding rock in the rod body anchoring section of the anchor rod, the anchoring agent can pollute the environment to a certain extent, the time occupied by the curing of the anchoring agent is relatively long, and the construction efficiency is difficult to be greatly improved;
(2) the anchor rod in the supporting state cannot be directly judged when the stress state of the anchor rod changes;
(3) the anchor rod in the supporting state has part of the rod body exposed outside the rock wall and is easy to scratch workers in the roadway.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the invention provides the self-fixing early warning anchor rod and the use method thereof, wherein anchoring agent is not needed to be fixed between the anchor rod body and surrounding rock, and the fixation can be realized by virtue of the self structure, so that the use of the anchoring agent is omitted, the problem of environmental pollution is relieved, the curing time of the anchoring agent is omitted, and the construction efficiency is greatly improved; aiming at the anchor rod in the supporting state, when the stress state of the anchor rod is changed, the anchor rod can be directly judged by naked eyes, so that the aim of safety early warning is fulfilled; aiming at the anchor rod in the supporting state, the exposed rod body is effectively protected, and the risk of scratch of workers working in a roadway is reduced.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: the self-fixing type early warning anchor rod comprises a rod body, an early warning tray and a nut, wherein the rod body is divided into a conventional rod body section and a self-fixing type rod body section, and the conventional rod body section is fixedly connected with the self-fixing type rod body section through a threaded joint; the early warning tray and the nut are sequentially arranged at the exposed end of the conventional rod body section; a notch is processed on the self-fixing rod body section, the straight cutting surface of the notch is perpendicular to the central axis of the rod body, and the inclined cutting surface of the notch is intersected with the central axis of the rod body; a wedge block body which is complementary with the notch is arranged in the notch, a T-shaped chute is arranged on the inclined surface of the notch, a T-shaped protruding block is arranged on the inclined surface of the wedge block body, the T-shaped protruding block is positioned in the T-shaped chute, and the wedge block body can move along the T-shaped chute; a chute plug is fixedly arranged at the notch at the outer end of the T-shaped chute; a thrust spring is arranged between the straight section of the notch and the straight section of the wedge block, and the thrust spring is parallel to the T-shaped chute; the outer part of the self-fixing rod body section is sleeved with a rigid limiting sleeve, and the rigid limiting sleeve has a rotational degree of freedom relative to the self-fixing rod body section; the surface of the rigid limiting sleeve is provided with a wedge block abdication opening, and the top end of the rigid limiting sleeve is provided with a sharp tooth top disc.
The number of the notches is several, the notches are uniformly distributed along the central axis direction of the fixed rod body section, and a phase angle of 45-60 degrees is formed between the adjacent notches.
The early warning tray comprises a tray section and an early warning barrel section, wherein the crushing destructive power of the early warning barrel section is 85% -90% of the impact destructive power of the rod body.
An annular clamping groove is formed in the plane of the inner end of the nut, and the early warning cylinder section is in plug-in fit with the annular clamping groove.
The outer end side elevation of the nut is provided with an annular protruding edge, the nut is provided with an elastic rubber protective cap, the elastic rubber protective cap is clamped and connected with the nut through the annular protruding edge, and the exposed end of the conventional rod body section is coated through the elastic rubber protective cap.
The application method of the self-fixing type early warning anchor rod comprises the following steps:
step one: machining anchor rod mounting holes in surrounding rocks of a roadway;
step two: inserting the self-fixed rod body section into the anchor rod mounting hole until the sharp-pointed top disc at the top end of the rigid limiting sleeve is propped against the bottom of the anchor rod mounting hole, and staggering the positions of the wedge block body yielding port and the wedge block body on the rigid limiting sleeve;
step three: firstly, applying axial pressure to the rod body to enable the friction force between the sharp-tooth top disc and the hole bottom of the anchor rod mounting hole to be larger than the friction force between the self-fixing rod body section and the rigid limiting sleeve;
step four: rotating the rod body to enable the fixed rod body section and the rigid limiting sleeve to rotate relatively until the position of the wedge block body yielding port coincides with that of the wedge block body, and at the moment, under the action of the thrust spring, the wedge block body extends out of the wedge block body yielding port along the T-shaped sliding groove until the wedge block body yielding port contacts with the wall of the anchor rod mounting hole;
step five: removing the axial pressure applied to the rod body, and applying an axial pulling force to the rod body, wherein the wedge block can form self-locking between the self-fixing rod body section and the wall of the anchor rod mounting hole;
step six: firstly, an early warning tray is sleeved on the exposed end of a conventional rod body section, the early warning barrel body section faces to the outside of the hole, a nut is installed, the nut is screwed, under the self-locking effect of the wedge body, the rod body and the anchor rod installation hole are firmly connected, and finally, an elastic rubber protective cap is installed on the nut, and the anchor rod installation is finished.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the self-fixing type early warning anchor rod and the use method thereof, the anchor agent is not needed to fix between the anchor rod body and surrounding rock, and the fixation can be realized by virtue of the self structure, so that the use of the anchor agent is omitted, the problem of environmental pollution is relieved, the curing time of the anchor agent is omitted, and the construction efficiency is greatly improved; aiming at the anchor rod in the supporting state, when the stress state of the anchor rod is changed, the anchor rod can be directly judged by naked eyes, so that the aim of safety early warning is fulfilled; aiming at the anchor rod in the supporting state, the exposed rod body is effectively protected, and the risk of scratch of workers working in a roadway is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a self-fixing type early warning anchor rod according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of section I of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a state diagram of the wedge body of FIG. 2 in self-locking;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of section II of FIG. 1;
in the figure, the structure comprises a 1-conventional rod body section, a 2-self-fixing type rod body section, a 3-early warning type tray, a 4-nut, a 5-threaded connector, a 6-notch, a 7-wedge block body, an 8-T-shaped chute, a 9-T-shaped lug, a 10-chute plug, a 11-thrust spring, a 12-rigid limiting sleeve, a 13-wedge block body yielding opening, a 14-sharp-tooth top disc, a 15-tray section, a 16-early warning cylinder body section, a 17-annular clamping groove, an 18-annular convex edge and a 19-elastic rubber protective cap.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and to specific examples.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the self-fixing type early warning anchor rod comprises a rod body, an early warning tray 3 and a nut 4, wherein the rod body is divided into a conventional rod body section 1 and a self-fixing type rod body section 2, and the conventional rod body section 1 is fixedly connected with the self-fixing type rod body section 2 through a threaded joint 5; the early warning tray 3 and the nut 4 are sequentially arranged at the exposed end of the conventional rod body section 1; a notch 6 is processed on the self-fixing rod body section 2, the straight section of the notch 6 is perpendicular to the central axis of the rod body, and the inclined section of the notch 6 is intersected with the central axis of the rod body; a wedge block 7 which is complementary with the notch 6 is arranged in the notch 6, a T-shaped chute 8 is arranged on the inclined surface of the notch 6, a T-shaped lug 9 is arranged on the inclined surface of the wedge block 7, the T-shaped lug 9 is positioned in the T-shaped chute 8, and the wedge block 7 can move along the T-shaped chute 8; a chute plug 10 is fixedly arranged at the notch of the outer end of the T-shaped chute 8; a thrust spring 11 is arranged between the straight section of the notch 6 and the straight section of the wedge block 7, and the thrust spring 11 is parallel to the T-shaped chute 8; the self-fixing rod body section 2 is sleeved with a rigid limiting sleeve 12, and the rigid limiting sleeve 12 has a rotational degree of freedom relative to the self-fixing rod body section 2; the surface of the rigid limiting sleeve 12 is provided with a wedge block abdication opening 13, and the top end of the rigid limiting sleeve 12 is provided with a sharp-tooth top disk 14.
The number of the notches 6 is several, the notches 6 are uniformly distributed along the central axis direction of the fixed rod body section 2, and a phase angle of 45-60 degrees is arranged between the adjacent notches 6.
The early warning tray 3 comprises a tray section 15 and an early warning barrel section 16, wherein the crushing destructive power of the early warning barrel section 16 is 85% -90% of the impact destructive power of the rod body.
An annular clamping groove 17 is formed in the plane of the inner end of the nut 4, and the early warning cylinder section 16 is in plug-in fit with the annular clamping groove 17.
An annular protruding edge 18 is arranged on the lateral vertical surface of the outer end of the nut 4, an elastic rubber protective cap 19 is assembled on the nut 4, the elastic rubber protective cap 19 is clamped and connected with the nut 4 through the annular protruding edge 18, and the exposed end of the conventional rod body section 1 is coated through the elastic rubber protective cap 19.
In this embodiment, the number of the slits 6 on the self-fixing rod body section 2 is six, the phase angle between the adjacent slits 6 is 60 °, the length of the early warning cylinder body section 16 is 100mm, and the crushing destructive power of the early warning cylinder body section 16 is 90% of the impact destructive power of the rod body.
The application method of the self-fixing type early warning anchor rod comprises the following steps:
step one: machining anchor rod mounting holes in surrounding rocks of a roadway;
step two: inserting the self-fixing rod body section 2 into the anchor rod mounting hole until the sharp tooth top disk 14 at the top end of the rigid limiting sleeve 12 is propped against the bottom of the anchor rod mounting hole, and staggering the positions of the wedge block body yielding port 13 and the wedge block body 7 on the rigid limiting sleeve 12;
step three: firstly, applying axial pressure to the rod body to enable the friction force between the sharp-tooth top disc 14 and the hole bottom of the anchor rod mounting hole to be larger than the friction force between the self-fixing rod body section 2 and the rigid limiting sleeve 12;
step four: the rod body is rotated, so that the fixed rod body section 2 and the rigid limiting sleeve 12 relatively rotate until the position of the wedge block body yielding opening 13 is overlapped with that of the wedge block body 7, and at the moment, under the action of the thrust spring 11, the wedge block body 7 extends out of the wedge block body yielding opening 13 along the T-shaped chute 8 until contacting with the wall of the anchor rod mounting hole;
step five: removing the axial pressure applied to the rod body, and applying an axial pulling force to the rod body, wherein the wedge block 7 can form self-locking between the self-fixing rod body section 2 and the wall of the anchor rod mounting hole;
step six: firstly, an early warning tray 3 is sleeved on the exposed end of a conventional rod body section 1, the early warning cylinder body section 16 faces to the outside of the hole, a nut 4 is installed, the nut 4 is screwed, under the self-locking action of a wedge body 7, the rod body and the anchor rod installation hole are firmly connected, and finally, an elastic rubber protective cap 19 is installed on the nut 4, and the anchor rod installation is finished.
In the process of inspecting the roadway, if the early warning barrel section 16 of the early warning tray 3 is found to be crushed, the fact that the anchor rod body reaches 90% of the rated bearing capacity at the moment is indicated, and underground workers can be timely reminded of reinforcing the support, so that the safety of roadway support is effectively guaranteed.
The embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but rather are intended to cover all equivalent implementations or modifications that can be made without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims (5)

1. The application method of the self-fixing type early warning anchor rod is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the self-fixing type early warning anchor rod comprises a rod body, an early warning tray and a nut, wherein the rod body is divided into a conventional rod body section and a self-fixing type rod body section, and the conventional rod body section is fixedly connected with the self-fixing type rod body section through a threaded joint; the early warning tray and the nut are sequentially arranged at the exposed end of the conventional rod body section; a notch is processed on the self-fixing rod body section, the straight cutting surface of the notch is perpendicular to the central axis of the rod body, and the inclined cutting surface of the notch is intersected with the central axis of the rod body; a wedge block body which is complementary with the notch is arranged in the notch, a T-shaped chute is arranged on the inclined surface of the notch, a T-shaped protruding block is arranged on the inclined surface of the wedge block body, the T-shaped protruding block is positioned in the T-shaped chute, and the wedge block body can move along the T-shaped chute; a chute plug is fixedly arranged at the notch at the outer end of the T-shaped chute; a thrust spring is arranged between the straight section of the notch and the straight section of the wedge block, and the thrust spring is parallel to the T-shaped chute; the outer part of the self-fixing rod body section is sleeved with a rigid limiting sleeve, and the rigid limiting sleeve has a rotational degree of freedom relative to the self-fixing rod body section; a wedge block abdication port is formed in the surface of the rigid limiting sleeve, and a sharp-tooth top disc is arranged at the top end of the rigid limiting sleeve; the using method comprises the following steps:
step one: machining anchor rod mounting holes in surrounding rocks of a roadway;
step two: inserting the self-fixed rod body section into the anchor rod mounting hole until the sharp-pointed top disc at the top end of the rigid limiting sleeve is propped against the bottom of the anchor rod mounting hole, and staggering the positions of the wedge block body yielding port and the wedge block body on the rigid limiting sleeve;
step three: firstly, applying axial pressure to the rod body to enable the friction force between the sharp-tooth top disc and the hole bottom of the anchor rod mounting hole to be larger than the friction force between the self-fixing rod body section and the rigid limiting sleeve;
step four: rotating the rod body to enable the fixed rod body section and the rigid limiting sleeve to rotate relatively until the position of the wedge block body yielding port coincides with that of the wedge block body, and at the moment, under the action of the thrust spring, the wedge block body extends out of the wedge block body yielding port along the T-shaped sliding groove until the wedge block body yielding port contacts with the wall of the anchor rod mounting hole;
step five: removing the axial pressure applied to the rod body, and applying an axial pulling force to the rod body, wherein the wedge block can form self-locking between the self-fixing rod body section and the wall of the anchor rod mounting hole;
step six: firstly, an early warning tray is sleeved on the exposed end of a conventional rod body section, the early warning barrel body section faces to the outside of the hole, a nut is installed, the nut is screwed, under the self-locking effect of the wedge body, the rod body and the anchor rod installation hole are firmly connected, and finally, an elastic rubber protective cap is installed on the nut, and the anchor rod installation is finished.
2. The method of using a self-fixing type early warning anchor rod according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the number of the notches is several, the notches are uniformly distributed along the central axis direction of the fixed rod body section, and a phase angle of 45-60 degrees is formed between the adjacent notches.
3. The method of using a self-fixing type early warning anchor rod according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the early warning tray comprises a tray section and an early warning barrel section, wherein the crushing destructive power of the early warning barrel section is 85% -90% of the impact destructive power of the rod body.
4. The method of using a self-fixing type early warning anchor rod according to claim 3, wherein: an annular clamping groove is formed in the plane of the inner end of the nut, and the early warning cylinder section is in plug-in fit with the annular clamping groove.
5. The method of using a self-fixing type early warning anchor rod according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the outer end side elevation of the nut is provided with an annular protruding edge, the nut is provided with an elastic rubber protective cap, the elastic rubber protective cap is clamped and connected with the nut through the annular protruding edge, and the exposed end of the conventional rod body section is coated through the elastic rubber protective cap.
CN201910034661.9A 2019-01-15 2019-01-15 Self-fixing early warning anchor rod and use method Active CN109458203B (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201910034661.9A CN109458203B (en) 2019-01-15 2019-01-15 Self-fixing early warning anchor rod and use method

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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CN109458203B true CN109458203B (en) 2023-11-07

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Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102644470A (en) * 2012-04-18 2012-08-22 李治中 General energy-saving quick anchoring method and general energy-saving quick anchor rod
CN102691514A (en) * 2012-06-07 2012-09-26 中铁西南科学研究院有限公司 Multistage sectional grouting-free self-expansion type anchoring rod
CN102877870A (en) * 2012-10-18 2013-01-16 湖南科技大学 Static and dynamic combined intelligent pre-warning anchor rod
CN103104270A (en) * 2013-02-19 2013-05-15 裴志胜 Shear type expansion anchor rod and extension application thereof
CN103643977A (en) * 2013-11-21 2014-03-19 中国矿业大学 Full-anchor partition pressure transferring grouting anchor rod and application method thereof
CN103939120A (en) * 2014-05-12 2014-07-23 罗宗帆 Multi-joint self-expansion anchor rod
CN106194225A (en) * 2015-05-04 2016-12-07 河南理工大学 Reverse wedge shape reaming at the bottom of a kind of bolthole hole strengthens anchoring property method
CN106761868A (en) * 2016-12-30 2017-05-31 安徽理工大学 A kind of novel durable magnetizes anchor pole
CN108360512A (en) * 2018-02-14 2018-08-03 重庆恩光科技有限公司 The anchor of high tensile
CN108678787A (en) * 2018-07-19 2018-10-19 开滦能源化工股份有限公司范各庄矿业分公司 Resin anchoring agent rapid installation device and construction method
CN109139072A (en) * 2018-10-10 2019-01-04 山西金宝泰能源科技有限公司 A kind of multiple spot self-locking anchor bar of falling inclined

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102644470A (en) * 2012-04-18 2012-08-22 李治中 General energy-saving quick anchoring method and general energy-saving quick anchor rod
CN102691514A (en) * 2012-06-07 2012-09-26 中铁西南科学研究院有限公司 Multistage sectional grouting-free self-expansion type anchoring rod
CN102877870A (en) * 2012-10-18 2013-01-16 湖南科技大学 Static and dynamic combined intelligent pre-warning anchor rod
CN103104270A (en) * 2013-02-19 2013-05-15 裴志胜 Shear type expansion anchor rod and extension application thereof
CN103696790A (en) * 2013-02-19 2014-04-02 裴春光 Shear type expansion anchor rod and application thereof
CN103643977A (en) * 2013-11-21 2014-03-19 中国矿业大学 Full-anchor partition pressure transferring grouting anchor rod and application method thereof
CN103939120A (en) * 2014-05-12 2014-07-23 罗宗帆 Multi-joint self-expansion anchor rod
CN106194225A (en) * 2015-05-04 2016-12-07 河南理工大学 Reverse wedge shape reaming at the bottom of a kind of bolthole hole strengthens anchoring property method
CN106761868A (en) * 2016-12-30 2017-05-31 安徽理工大学 A kind of novel durable magnetizes anchor pole
CN108360512A (en) * 2018-02-14 2018-08-03 重庆恩光科技有限公司 The anchor of high tensile
CN108678787A (en) * 2018-07-19 2018-10-19 开滦能源化工股份有限公司范各庄矿业分公司 Resin anchoring agent rapid installation device and construction method
CN109139072A (en) * 2018-10-10 2019-01-04 山西金宝泰能源科技有限公司 A kind of multiple spot self-locking anchor bar of falling inclined

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