CN109456738A - A kind of preparation method and aluminium base suppression frost experimental system of super-hydrophobic aluminium base - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method and aluminium base suppression frost experimental system of super-hydrophobic aluminium base Download PDFInfo
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- CN109456738A CN109456738A CN201811549977.3A CN201811549977A CN109456738A CN 109456738 A CN109456738 A CN 109456738A CN 201811549977 A CN201811549977 A CN 201811549977A CN 109456738 A CN109456738 A CN 109456738A
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- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 165
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 165
- 230000003075 superhydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 title claims description 152
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 title description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 62
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000137852 Petrea volubilis Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- ABTOQLMXBSRXSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon tetrafluoride Chemical compound F[Si](F)(F)F ABTOQLMXBSRXSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- XPBBUZJBQWWFFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorosilane Chemical compound [SiH3]F XPBBUZJBQWWFFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N h2o hydrate Chemical compound O.O JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000001595 mastoid Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000282461 Canis lupus Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010009866 Cold sweat Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 240000002853 Nelumbo nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000006510 Nelumbo pentapetala Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007385 chemical modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/08—Materials not undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/14—Solid materials, e.g. powdery or granular
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F1/00—Etching metallic material by chemical means
- C23F1/10—Etching compositions
- C23F1/14—Aqueous compositions
- C23F1/16—Acidic compositions
- C23F1/20—Acidic compositions for etching aluminium or alloys thereof
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D21/00—Defrosting; Preventing frosting; Removing condensed or defrost water
- F25D21/04—Preventing the formation of frost or condensate
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- G01M99/002—Thermal testing
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Testing Resistance To Weather, Investigating Materials By Mechanical Methods (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种超疏水铝基的制备方法及铝基抑霜性实验系统，包括以下步骤：1)取铝基，再对铝基表面用800目～1500目的SiC砂纸进行人工粗糙处理，以去掉铝基表面的氧化物薄膜，同时在铝基表面形成不规则的突起及沟壑，然后使用丙酮、甲醇和去离子水依次对铝基进行超声震荡清洗；2)配置2～3mol/L的氢氟酸及3～4mol/L的盐酸，再通过氢氟酸对铝基表面刻蚀12～15min，随后通过盐酸对铝基表面刻蚀10～12min，然后将铝基放置到烘箱中恒温烘干，再用去离子水进行超声清洗，烘干后用氟硅烷进行铝基表面的修饰，得超疏水铝基，该方法制备的超疏水铝基疏水性较好，该系统能够对铝基的疏水性进行模拟实验。
The invention discloses a preparation method of a super-hydrophobic aluminum base and an experimental system for the frost inhibition of the aluminum base, comprising the following steps: 1) taking the aluminum base, and then artificially roughening the surface of the aluminum base with 800-mesh-1500-mesh SiC sandpaper, In order to remove the oxide film on the surface of the aluminum base, and at the same time form irregular protrusions and ravines on the surface of the aluminum base, then use acetone, methanol and deionized water to clean the aluminum base with ultrasonic vibration in turn; 2) Configure 2-3mol/L of Hydrofluoric acid and 3～4mol/L hydrochloric acid, then etch the aluminum base surface by hydrofluoric acid for 12～15min, then etch the aluminum base surface by hydrochloric acid for 10～12min, and then place the aluminum base in an oven for constant temperature drying Dry, then ultrasonically clean with deionized water. After drying, use fluorosilane to modify the surface of the aluminum base to obtain a superhydrophobic aluminum base. The superhydrophobic aluminum base prepared by this method has good hydrophobicity. The hydrophobicity was simulated.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to freeze and technical field of heat pumps, it is related to the preparation method and aluminium base suppression frost of a kind of super-hydrophobic aluminium base
Experimental system.
Background technique
In many Shelter in South China Cities in China, winter is clammy, and the outdoor unit of air source heat pump will appear different degrees of frosting and ask
Topic.The presence of frost layer can seriously affect the operation of heat pump unit, reduce the COP of unit, compressor emergency shutdown is even resulted in when serious.Cause
This needs, which takes some measures, defrosts to the outdoor unit of heat pump unit, to ensure the normal operation of unit.
The common Defrost method for air source heat pump outdoor unit mainly has electric heated defrosting, inverse circulation both at home and abroad at present
Defrosting, hot gas bypass defrosting and energy storage defrosting.Wherein, the energy consumption of electric heated defrosting process is more, and effective thermal energy for defrosting
Less, heat utilization rate is low；When using reverse cycle defrosting, room temperature decline influences comfort level, and four-way reversing valve is frequent
Conversion can make system pressure generate very big fluctuation, shorten the service life of unit；When hot gas bypass defrosting, the defrosting time compared with
Long, the degree of superheat of refrigerant vapour is lower, is easy to appear compressor air suction band liquid, causes liquid hammer dangerous；Energy storage defrosting system
Initial cost is high, and is difficult to find that a kind of not only economical and practical, heat storage capacity is strong but also reliable energy-accumulation material.If can find it is a kind of from
The method for fundamentally carrying out suppression frost, neither influences the operation of heat pump system, and can delay or inhibit the formation of frost layer, then air
The service performance of source heat pump will be greatly improved, and use scope can also be promoted.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the above-mentioned prior art, a kind of preparation method of super-hydrophobic aluminium base is provided
And aluminium base presses down frost experimental system, the super-hydrophobic aluminium base hydrophobicity of this method preparation is preferable, which can be to the hydrophobic of aluminium base
Property carry out simulated experiment.
In order to achieve the above objectives, super-hydrophobic aluminium base of the present invention preparation method the following steps are included:
1) aluminium base is taken, then artificial coarse processing is carried out with 800 mesh~1500 mesh SiC sand paper to aluminium base surface, to remove
The sull on aluminium base surface, while forming irregular protrusion and gully on aluminium base surface, then using acetone, methanol and
Deionized water successively carries out ultrasonic vibration cleaning to aluminium base；
2) hydrofluoric acid of 2~3mol/L and the hydrochloric acid of 3~4mol/L are configured, then by hydrofluoric acid to aluminium base surface etch 12
Then aluminium base is then placed into constant temperature drying in baking oven to aluminium base 10~12min of surface etch by hydrochloric acid by~15min, then
It is cleaned by ultrasonic with deionized water, carries out the modification on aluminium base surface after drying with silicon fluoride, obtains super-hydrophobic aluminium base.
Aluminium base suppression frost experimental system of the present invention includes cold plate refrigeration system and change wind speed supply air system, wherein
Become wind speed supply air system include centrifugal blower, air hose, honeycomb screen, gauze, for being humidified to centrifugal blower local environment
Humidifier and fan speed regulation device for controlling centrifugal blower, cold plate refrigeration system include copper sheet, temperature detect switch (TDS), cooling piece,
Controller, the temperature sensor for detecting copper plate temperature and for providing the power-supply system of electric energy；
Super-hydrophobic aluminium base to be tested is pasted on upside of a tossed coin, and the back side of copper sheet, which sticks, is reserved with cooling piece placing chamber
Heat-preservation cotton, cooling piece are located in cooling piece placing chamber, and the chill surface of cooling piece is close to copper sheet, and the radiating surface of cooling piece has sticked
Water-cooling head, wherein water-cooling head is connected with cooling water recirculation system, and power-supply system is connected by temperature detect switch (TDS) with cooling piece,
The output end of temperature sensor and the control terminal of temperature detect switch (TDS) are connected with controller；
The outlet of the air outlet and humidifier of centrifugal blower is connected with air hose, and gauze, honeycomb screen and copper sheet are located at wind
In pipe, and the direction of wind flow is sequentially arranged along air hose.
Super-hydrophobic aluminium base to be tested is pasted on upside of a tossed coin by heat-conducting silicone grease.
The chill surface of cooling piece is pasted on the back side of copper sheet by heat-conducting silicone grease.
Water-cooling head is pasted on the radiating surface of cooling piece by heat-conducting silicone grease.
The number of cooling piece is two, and the number of water-cooling head is two, and two water-cooling heads pass through hose serial communication.
Cooling water recirculation system includes cooling water tank and cooling water cycle water pump, wherein the outlet of cooling water tank is through cooling
Water water circulating pump is connected with water-cooling head.
Temperature sensor is thin film temperature sensor.
Air hose is bonded by acrylic board.
Copper sheet is vertically placed in the center axial position of air hose.
The invention has the following advantages:
The preparation method of super-hydrophobic aluminium base of the present invention is when specific operation, to 800 mesh~1500 of aluminium base surface
Purpose SiC sand paper carries out artificial coarse processing, to remove the sull on aluminium base surface, while being formed and not being advised on aluminium base surface
Protrusion and gully then, the protrusion and gully will eventually become a part of Super-hydrophobic aluminium primary surface micro-nano dual structure, then
Ultrasonic vibration cleaning successively is carried out to aluminium base using acetone, methanol and deionized water, is occurred by methanol and a small amount of aluminium element
Reaction reduces the free energy on aluminium base surface, increases water droplet in the contact angle on aluminium base surface, finally by hydrofluoric acid and hydrochloric acid to aluminium
Primary surface performs etching so that super hydrophilic characteristic is presented in aluminium base surface, finally in order to prevent aluminium base remained on surface liquid to the later period
The influence of chemical modification, dries aluminium base, through detecting, when using silicon fluoride modification 40min, and the Super-hydrophobic aluminium prepared
The average contact angle of base is up to 154.6 °.In addition, aluminium base suppression frost experimental system of the present invention is at work, super-hydrophobic aluminium base
Copper sheet is transferred heat to, copper sheet transfers heat to water-cooling head, and heat is cooled by water-cooling head by cooling water recirculation system
Water absorbs, in addition, realizing the refrigeration of super-hydrophobic aluminium base by temperature sensor, controller and cooling piece, while passing through centrifugation wind
Machine simulates influence of the wind speed to super-hydrophobic aluminium base, and to test the suppression frost of aluminium base, structure is simple, and easy to operate, practicability is extremely strong.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the measurement figure of Super-hydrophobic aluminium primary surface water droplet contact angle；
Fig. 2 a is the electron-microscope scanning figure that Super-hydrophobic aluminium primary surface amplifies 5000 times；
Fig. 2 b is the electron-microscope scanning figure that Super-hydrophobic aluminium primary surface amplifies 10000 times；
Fig. 3 is the electron-microscope scanning figure that Super-hydrophobic aluminium primary surface amplifies 20000 times；
Fig. 4 is structural schematic diagram of the invention；
Condensation phenomenon figure of the vapor on conventional aluminium base surface when Fig. 5 a is 300s；
Condensation phenomenon figure of the vapor in Super-hydrophobic aluminium primary surface when Fig. 5 b is 300s；
Fig. 6 is that two kinds of aluminium base surfaces the time comparison diagram of condensing drip occur；
Fig. 7 a is that conventional aluminium base surface the schematic diagram of freezing frozen beads occurs；
Fig. 7 b is the schematic diagram that freezing frozen beads occurs in Super-hydrophobic aluminium primary surface；
Fig. 8 a is conventional aluminium base surface frosting schematic diagram；
Fig. 8 b is Super-hydrophobic aluminium primary surface frosting schematic diagram；
Fig. 9 is that two kinds of aluminium base surfaces the time comparison diagram of needle-shaped frost layer occur；
Figure 10 a is that conventional aluminium base surface the relational graph of the time of frost layer and wind speed occurs；
Figure 10 b is that Super-hydrophobic aluminium primary surface the relational graph of the time of frost layer and wind speed occurs；
Figure 11 a is the melting process figure of conventional aluminium base surface frost layer；
Figure 11 b is the melting process figure of Super-hydrophobic aluminium primary surface frost layer.
Wherein, 1 it is cooling water cycle water pump, 2 be power-supply system, 3 be temperature detect switch (TDS), 4 be copper sheet, 5 be air hose, 6 is whole
Stream grid, 7 be gauze, 8 be centrifugal blower, 9 be cooling cooling water tank, 10 be temperature sensor, 11 be cooling piece, 12 be water cooling
Head, 13 be fan speed regulation device, 14 be humidifier.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing:
The preparation method of super-hydrophobic aluminium base of the present invention the following steps are included:
1) aluminium base is taken, then artificial coarse processing is carried out with 800 mesh~1500 mesh SiC sand paper to aluminium base surface, to remove
The sull on aluminium base surface, while forming irregular protrusion and gully on aluminium base surface, then using acetone, methanol and
Deionized water successively carries out ultrasonic vibration cleaning to aluminium base；
2) hydrofluoric acid of 2~3mol/L and the hydrochloric acid of 3~4mol/L are configured, then by hydrofluoric acid to aluminium base surface etch 12
Then aluminium base is then placed into constant temperature drying in baking oven to aluminium base 10~12min of surface etch by hydrochloric acid by~15min, then
It is cleaned by ultrasonic with deionized water, carries out the modification on aluminium base surface after drying with silicon fluoride, obtains super-hydrophobic aluminium base.
Aluminium base suppression frost experimental system of the present invention includes cold plate refrigeration system and change wind speed supply air system, wherein
Become wind speed supply air system include centrifugal blower 8, air hose 5, honeycomb screen 6, gauze 7, for adding to centrifugal blower local environment
Wet humidifier 14 and the fan speed regulation device 13 for controlling centrifugal blower 8, cold plate refrigeration system include that copper sheet 4, temperature control are opened
Close 3, cooling piece 11, controller, the temperature sensor 10 for detecting 4 temperature of copper sheet and for providing the power-supply system of electric energy
2；Super-hydrophobic aluminium base to be tested is pasted on the front of copper sheet 4, and the back side of copper sheet 4 sticks the heat preservation for being reserved with cooling piece placing chamber
Cotton, cooling piece 11 are located in cooling piece placing chamber, and the chill surface of cooling piece 11 is close to copper sheet 4, the heat dissipation face paste of cooling piece 11
It is covered with water-cooling head 12, wherein water-cooling head 12 is connected with cooling water recirculation system, and power-supply system 2 passes through temperature detect switch (TDS) 3 and refrigeration
Piece 11 is connected, and the output end of temperature sensor 10 and the control terminal of temperature detect switch (TDS) 3 are connected with controller；Centrifugal blower 8
The outlet of air outlet and humidifier 14 is connected with air hose 5, and gauze 7, honeycomb screen 6 and copper sheet 4 are located in air hose 5, and along wind
The direction of wind flow is sequentially arranged in pipe 5.
Super-hydrophobic aluminium base to be tested is pasted on the front of copper sheet 4 by heat-conducting silicone grease；The chill surface of cooling piece 11 is by leading
Hot silicone grease is pasted on the back side of copper sheet 4；Water-cooling head 12 is pasted on the radiating surface of cooling piece 11 by heat-conducting silicone grease.
The number of cooling piece 11 is two, and the number of water-cooling head 12 is two, and two water-cooling heads 12 are connected by hose
Connection；Cooling water recirculation system includes cooling water tank 9 and cooling water cycle water pump 1, wherein the outlet of cooling water tank 9 is through cooling
Water water circulating pump 1 is connected with water-cooling head 12.
Temperature sensor 10 is thin film temperature sensor；Air hose 5 is bonded by acrylic board；Copper sheet 4 is vertically put
It is placed in the center axial position of air hose 5.
As shown in Figure 1, it is measured through contact angle measurement, titrates water droplet in the Super-hydrophobic aluminium primary surface prepared and show class
It is spherical.
With reference to Fig. 2 a, small that many rectangular boss and pit are constituted is clear that from 5000 times of amplification of figure
Rank, these steps are deep mixed, and are mutually communicated, to form the structure in similar labyrinth.It is then coarse in non-step-like region
The irregular gully and mastoid process that processing and etching cooperatively form.To can see in 10,000 times of amplification of Fig. 2 b, in non-step
Irregular micro-nano structure is presented in shape region surface.To in 20,000 times Fig. 3 of amplification it can be seen that, on big boss in the micron-scale
EDS maps some nanoscale small boss, small boss be layering, form step-like distribution, show prepared by the present invention surpass
Hydrophobic aluminium base surface has formed micro-nano dual structure, the size mastoid process structure very phase of the micro-nano coarse structure and lotus leaf surface
Seemingly, water droplet can be prevented from completely attaching to aluminium base surface, to form higher static contact angle.
With reference to Fig. 4, the heat of super-hydrophobic aluminium base is taken away by copper sheet 4, and the heat of copper sheet 4 is inhaled by the refrigeration side of cooling piece 11
It receives, the radiating surface through cooling piece 11 passes to water-cooling head 12, and heat is passed through the cooled water of cooling water recirculation system by water-cooling head 12
It absorbs.In addition, the present invention realizes the refrigeration of super-hydrophobic aluminium base by temperature sensor 10, controller and cooling piece 11, specifically,
The real time temperature of copper sheet 4 is monitored by temperature sensor 10, controller is according to the feedback of desired temperature and temperature sensor 10
Temperature difference controls the start and stop of cooling piece 11 by temperature detect switch (TDS) 3.When the sensing temperature of temperature sensor 10 is higher than set temperature,
Temperature detect switch (TDS) 3 is channel status, the starting refrigeration of cooling piece 11；When the sensing temperature of temperature sensor 10 is lower than set temperature,
Temperature detect switch (TDS) 3 is off state, and cooling piece 11 stops refrigeration, and the temperature deviation control precision of temperature detect switch (TDS) 3 is ± 0.2 DEG C, from
And 4 surface temperature of copper sheet is made to be a certain set temperature value.
With reference to Fig. 4, the revolving speed of centrifugal blower 8 is adjusted by fan speed regulation device 13, to control the wind speed of 5 section of air hose, by
The frosting situation using thousand wolf high speed camera shooting Super-hydrophobic aluminium primary surfaces is needed in experimentation, therefore air hose 5 is using sub-
Gram force plate is bonded.To make 5 internal gas flow of air hose uniform, it is equipped with honeycomb screen 6 and gauze 7 inside air hose 5, it is equal to play decompression
The effect of stream.Meanwhile in order to increase the relative humidity of Laboratory air, use humidifier 14 to space air in experimentation
Carry out humidification process.
Test experience
1, by taking air velocity is 2m/s as an example, research with temperature reduction, common aluminium base and Super-hydrophobic aluminium primary surface
Vapor phase transition process.
It was found that, only there is the solidifying of vapor in 4 surface of copper sheet when 4 temperature of copper sheet is respectively 0 DEG C, -1 DEG C, -2 DEG C
Tie phenomenon.And the time that condensing drip occurs in Super-hydrophobic aluminium primary surface is obviously later than conventional aluminium base.If Fig. 5 a and Fig. 5 b are to work as aluminium
Primary surface temperature is -2 DEG C, when experiment starts 300s, the condensation phenomenon of two kinds of aluminium base surface vapor.It can be seen from the figure that
The condensing drip quantity on conventional aluminium base surface is more, volume is big, and the condensing drip of Super-hydrophobic aluminium primary surface is comparatively fine, some areas
Domain even naked eyes are invisible.
As shown in fig. 6, the time that condensation droplet occurs in aluminium base surface is more and more early with the reduction of temperature, and compared to normal
Aluminium base is advised, the time that condensation droplet occurs in Super-hydrophobic aluminium primary surface wants late 150~200s.The reason is that the water of Super-hydrophobic aluminium primary surface
It is high to drip contact angle, water droplet and the contact area on aluminium base surface are small, and phase transformation energy barrier is big, hinder the generation and growth of condensing drip.
When temperature is -3 DEG C, the time that condensation droplet occurs in conventional aluminium base surface is that experiment starts 102s, and droplet becomes
Time for frozen beads is that experiment starts 418s, and Super-hydrophobic aluminium primary surface the time of condensation droplet and frozen beads occurs than conventional aluminium
Base distinguishes evening 98s and 119s.When aluminium base surface temperature is -4 DEG C, two kinds of aluminium base surfaces occur condensing drip and frozen beads when
Between all shifted to an earlier date, but the time that both phenomenons occurs in Super-hydrophobic aluminium primary surface compares conventional aluminium base and is postponed.Two
It is similar that the frozen beads on kind aluminium base surface are distributed in condensation droplet distribution: the frozen beads quantity on conventional aluminium base surface is more, volume is big, and super thin
The frozen beads volume on water aluminium base surface is comparatively fine.The reason is that freezing frozen beads were formed for the reduction of condensation early period droplet temperature, and
And the droplet of Super-hydrophobic aluminium primary surface and the contact area on aluminium base surface are small, heat transfer rate is slow, so the cooling velocity of droplet is slow.
But since the condensed water pearl small volume that Super-hydrophobic aluminium primary surface is formed becomes frozen beads from droplet and is spent so comprehensively considering
The time taken is many there is no extending, and Fig. 7 a and Fig. 7 b are comparison diagram when freezing frozen beads occur in two kinds of aluminium base surfaces.
When aluminium base surface temperature is -5 DEG C, first there is one layer of tiny droplet film being visually observed in aluminium base surface,
The needle-shaped frost layer being generated later is covered.When temperature is lower than -5 DEG C, two kinds of aluminium base surfaces directly generate needle-shaped frost layer.From Fig. 8 a
And as can be seen that the frost layer on conventional aluminium base surface is dense in Fig. 8 b, thickness is big, and the frost layer of Super-hydrophobic aluminium primary surface is in contrast
More frivolous, thickness is small, and it is more obvious to press down white effect.The reason is that the heat transfer resistance of super hydrophobic surface is big, phase transformation energy barrier is big, frost layer
The speed of growth is slow.The specific time that needle-shaped frost layer occur in two kinds of aluminium base surfaces is as shown in Figure 9.As seen from Figure 9, Super-hydrophobic aluminium
The time that needle-shaped frost layer occurs in primary surface is more late than conventional aluminium base, there is the effect for obviously delaying frosting.
2, influence of the wind speed to aluminium base surface Frost formation process
Comparison is lower than -5 DEG C when temperature, and needle-shaped frost occur in two kinds of aluminium base surfaces when wind speed is respectively 1m/s, 2m/s and 3m/s
The time of layer, as shown in Figure 10 a and Figure 10 b.
With reference to Figure 10 a, when temperature is higher, wind speed is bigger, and the frost layer on aluminium base surface occurs more early, the reason is that working as wind speed
When increase, the heat transfer rate of aluminium base and neighbouring air increases, and accelerates the phenomenon of sublimating of water vapor in air, frost layer formation speed
Also accelerate.With the reduction of temperature, influence of the wind speed to frost layer gradually weakens, the reason is that the temperature on aluminium base surface has reached at this time
To low-down degree, the vapor in air can sublimate into frost layer in a short period of time, so the influence of wind speed can neglect
Slightly.With reference to Figure 10 b, with the variation of wind speed, the time that frost layer occurs in Super-hydrophobic aluminium primary surface does not have significant change rule, reason
It is on the one hand to increase heat convection speed when wind speed increases, and on the other hand, since established frost layer is more frivolous,
It can be blown away by air, wind speed is bigger, this phenomenon is more obvious.The influence of both comprehensive factors, causes the variation pair of wind speed
The formation of frost layer is without the result very influenced.
3, the experimental result and analysis of defrosting process
When aluminium base surface temperature is -15 DEG C, wind speed is 2m/s, frosting performance is carried out to conventional aluminium base and super-hydrophobic aluminium base
Test after twenty minutes, turns off cooling water recirculation system, with the natural melting process of two kinds of aluminium base surface frost layers of camera record, by
Figure 11 a and Figure 11 b are it is found that in 130s, and conventional aluminium base surface can see apparent thawing region, and when arriving 140s, frost layer is
It all is melted into droplet, droplet volume is larger, and the attachment time on aluminium base surface is longer；And Super-hydrophobic aluminium primary surface frost layer starts
The time of thawing slightly a little later, but its surface melt after droplet volume it is tiny, quantity is few, the rapid evaporation having, in 140s
When, the region of more than half has been changed to arid region.The reason is that the thawing droplet contact angle of Super-hydrophobic aluminium primary surface is big, droplet
It is small with the contact area of aluminium base, it is big with the contact area of air, it is easier to absorb the heat of air to evaporate.On the whole,
The droplet evaporating completely that Super-hydrophobic aluminium primary surface can be such that its surface melts within the shorter time, can effectively avoid in air
In the heat pump of source, when closing defrosting mode, the secondary of fin surface melt water freezes.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of super-hydrophobic aluminium base, which comprises the following steps:
1) aluminium base is taken, then artificial coarse processing is carried out with 800 mesh~1500 mesh SiC sand paper to aluminium base surface, to remove aluminium base
The sull on surface, while forming irregular protrusion and gully on aluminium base surface, then using acetone, methanol and go from
Sub- water successively carries out ultrasonic vibration cleaning to aluminium base；
2) configure 2~3mol/L hydrofluoric acid and 3~4mol/L hydrochloric acid, then by hydrofluoric acid to aluminium base surface etch 12~
Then aluminium base is then placed into constant temperature drying in baking oven, then use to aluminium base 10~12min of surface etch by hydrochloric acid by 15min
Deionized water is cleaned by ultrasonic, and carries out the modification on aluminium base surface after drying with silicon fluoride, obtains super-hydrophobic aluminium base.
2. a kind of aluminium base presses down frost experimental system, which is characterized in that including cold plate refrigeration system and become wind speed supply air system,
In, become wind speed supply air system and includes centrifugal blower (8), air hose (5), honeycomb screen (6), gauze (7), is used for locating for centrifugal blower
The humidifier (14) that environment is humidified and the fan speed regulation device (13) for controlling centrifugal blower (8), cold plate refrigeration system
Including copper sheet (4), temperature detect switch (TDS) (3), cooling piece (11), controller, the temperature sensor (10) for detecting copper sheet (4) temperature
And the power-supply system (2) for providing electric energy；
Super-hydrophobic aluminium base to be tested is pasted on the front of copper sheet (4), and the back side of copper sheet (4), which has sticked, is reserved with cooling piece placing chamber
Heat-preservation cotton, cooling piece (11) is located in cooling piece placing chamber, and the chill surface of cooling piece (11) is close to copper sheet (4), cooling piece
(11) radiating surface has sticked water-cooling head (12), wherein water-cooling head (12) is connected with cooling water recirculation system, power-supply system
(2) it is connected by temperature detect switch (TDS) (3) with cooling piece (11), the control of the output end and temperature detect switch (TDS) (3) of temperature sensor (10)
End processed is connected with controller；
The outlet of the air outlet and humidifier (14) of centrifugal blower (8) is connected with air hose (5), gauze (7), honeycomb screen (6)
And copper sheet (4) is located in air hose (5), and is sequentially arranged along the direction of the interior gas flowing of air hose (5).
3. aluminium base according to claim 2 presses down frost experimental system, which is characterized in that super-hydrophobic aluminium base to be tested is by leading
Hot silicone grease is pasted on the front of copper sheet (4).
4. aluminium base according to claim 2 presses down frost experimental system, which is characterized in that the chill surface of cooling piece (11) passes through
Heat-conducting silicone grease is pasted on the back side of copper sheet (4).
5. aluminium base according to claim 2 presses down frost experimental system, which is characterized in that water-cooling head (12) passes through heat-conducting silicone grease
It is pasted on the radiating surface of cooling piece (11).
6. aluminium base according to claim 2 presses down frost experimental system, which is characterized in that the number of cooling piece (11) is two
A, the number of water-cooling head (12) is two, and two water-cooling heads (12) pass through hose serial communication.
7. aluminium base according to claim 2 presses down frost experimental system, which is characterized in that cooling water recirculation system includes cooling
Water tank (9) and cooling water cycle water pump (1), wherein the outlet of cooling water tank (9) is through cooling water cycle water pump (1) and water-cooling head
(12) it is connected.
8. aluminium base according to claim 2 presses down frost experimental system, which is characterized in that temperature sensor (10) is diaphragm type
Temperature sensor.
9. aluminium base according to claim 2 presses down frost experimental system, which is characterized in that air hose 5 is bonded by acrylic board
It forms.
10. aluminium base according to claim 2 presses down frost experimental system, which is characterized in that copper sheet (4) is vertically placed in air hose
(5) center axial position.
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