CN109455826B - Wastewater treatment method adopting synchronous anaerobic methanation and anaerobic ammonia oxidation device - Google Patents
Wastewater treatment method adopting synchronous anaerobic methanation and anaerobic ammonia oxidation device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wastewater treatment method for a synchronous anaerobic methanation and anaerobic ammoxidation device, which adopts methane gas as a medium for enhancing mass transfer of a reactor and a cleaning substance, effectively controls the problem of blocking of a membrane component, enhances the mass transfer of the reactor and enhances the removal of organic matters and nitrogen. The methane combustion boiler and the water inlet and chemical feeding system effectively control the temperature, the oxidation-reduction potential and the pH value of the methane and the anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria, and create conditions for the effective propagation of the methanogens and the anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria and the guarantee of the biological holding amount. The invention discloses a wastewater treatment method based on the synchronous anaerobic methanation and anaerobic ammonia oxidation device, which is a synchronous anaerobic methanation and anaerobic ammonia oxidation treatment process and method capable of effectively controlling membrane component blockage, and has strong controllability, high treatment efficiency and strong impact load resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water treatment, in particular to a wastewater treatment method adopting a synchronous anaerobic methanation and anaerobic ammoxidation device.
Background
An Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor (An MBR) is a sewage treatment technology formed by combining An Anaerobic biological treatment process and a Membrane separation technology. Because the proliferation rate of the anaerobic microorganisms is relatively low, the interception efficiency of the microorganisms is improved, and the key point for the successful operation of the anaerobic reactor is to prolong the retention time of the microorganisms in the reactor. The An MBR realizes the separation of HRT and SRT, and ensures the biological high holding capacity of anaerobic methanation bacteria and anaerobic ammoxidation bacteria for a long time.
The existing An MBR has the following main problems: 1) based on the characteristics of anaerobic flora, the blockage problem of membrane components in An MBR is serious, the membrane components cannot stably run for a long time, and the off-line cleaning period is short; 2) anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria and methanogens are sensitive to pH, temperature and ORP, and the traditional anaerobic reactor and the current An MBR have poor control means for the parameters (pH, temperature and ORP) of the tank and slow response time. 3) At present, An MBR mostly operates in a CSTR mode, and the processing and maintenance difficulty of the reactor is large, so that the actual operation is not facilitated.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop a novel reaction device and a novel process for synchronous anaerobic methanation and anaerobic ammonia oxidation, which can effectively control the blockage of a membrane module, have strong controllability of operation parameters, short response time and easy operation and maintenance.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a novel reaction device and a novel process for synchronous anaerobic methanation and anaerobic ammonia oxidation, which can effectively control the membrane component blockage, have strong controllability of reactor operation parameters and short response time, and are easy to operate and maintain.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a wastewater treatment method adopting a synchronous anaerobic methanation and anaerobic ammonia oxidation device comprises an anaerobic sludge storage tank; a synchronous anaerobic methanation and ammoxidation reactor; a reactor water inlet flow meter; a jet mixer; a thermometer; a tubular heat exchanger; a water inlet pump; a regulating tank; a ferrous chloride adding device; a sodium hydroxide adding device; a metering pump; a water distributor; a gas flow meter I; an air distribution pipe; a gas flow meter II; a suction pump; an online detection instrument; a fixed bed packing zone; a membrane module; a subsequent processing unit; a gas-water separator; a fan; a gas booster tank; an electric control valve; a biogas combustion boiler; a boiler feed pump; a boiler feed water tank; a heat-insulating layer;
the regulating tank is sequentially connected with a water inlet pump, a tubular heat exchanger, a jet flow mixer, a reactor water inlet flow meter and a synchronous anaerobic methanation and ammoxidation reactor; the synchronous anaerobic methanation and ammoxidation reactor comprises a water distributor, a fixed bed packing area, a membrane component and a heat insulation layer; the synchronous anaerobic methanation and ammoxidation reactor is sequentially connected with a suction pump and a subsequent processing unit; the synchronous anaerobic methanation and ammoxidation reactor is sequentially connected with a gas-water separator, a fan, a gas pressurizing tank, an electric regulating valve and a methane combustion boiler, and is also connected with an anaerobic sludge storage tank;
the boiler water supply pool, the boiler water supply pump and the combustion boiler are connected in sequence; the biogas combustion boiler and the boiler water supply tank are respectively connected with the tubular heat exchanger; the gas pressurizing tank and the suction pump are respectively connected with the jet flow mixer; the gas pressurizing tank is connected with a gas distribution pipe through a gas flowmeter I and a gas flowmeter II respectively, and the gas distribution pipe is positioned between the fixed bed packing area and the membrane component;
the ferrous chloride adding device and the sodium hydroxide adding device are respectively connected with the regulating tank through metering pumps; the suction pump, the gas flowmeter II, the gas flowmeter I and the online detection instrument are respectively connected with the synchronous anaerobic methanation and ammoxidation reactor;
the online detection instrument is linked with a metering pump, the adding amount of ferrous chloride and sodium hydroxide is controlled, and the pH and the temperature in the synchronous anaerobic methanation and ammoxidation reactor are further controlled; the thermometer is interlocked with the electric regulating valve, and the heat exchange quantity of hot water of the tubular heat exchanger and inlet water of the reactor is controlled by controlling the amount of combustion biogas entering the biogas combustion boiler, so that the temperature of the wastewater entering the synchronous anaerobic methanation and ammoxidation reactors is further controlled;
further, 1) adding ferrous chloride and sodium hydroxide into the wastewater in a regulating tank through a ferrous chloride adding device and a sodium hydroxide adding device respectively, controlling the pH value of the wastewater in the regulating tank to be 7.5-8.0 and the ORP to be-500 to-300 mV, and controlling the temperature of the wastewater entering the synchronous anaerobic methanation and ammoxidation reactor to be 30-35 ℃ through an electric regulating valve and a tubular heat exchanger;
2) the effluent of the tubular heat exchanger is fully mixed with methane gas from a gas pressurization tank in the jet flow mixer, and the mixed gas-water mixture increases the local ascending flow velocity and turbulence of the wastewater, enhances mass transfer, promotes the formation of granular sludge in the granular sludge functional zone I, and improves the treatment effect of the wastewater; the jet flow mixer enters the water distributor through the reactor water inlet flow meter and distributes water uniformly through the water distributor;
3) the wastewater sequentially enters a granular sludge functional area I in a synchronous anaerobic methanation and ammoxidation reactor, anaerobic methane is mainly used in the granular sludge functional area I, meanwhile, organic matters and dissolved oxygen in the inlet water are consumed, the anaerobic ammoxidation reaction is ensured to be smoothly carried out in a fixed bed packing area, and then the wastewater enters a membrane module to carry out gas-liquid-solid three-phase separation, the membrane module ensures the biological holding amount of anaerobic ammoxidation bacteria with longer generation time in the synchronous anaerobic methanation and ammoxidation reactor, and the separation of HRT and SRT is realized;
4) the membrane component enters a subsequent treatment unit through a suction pump, part of the water discharged by the suction pump flows back to the jet flow mixer to be mixed with raw water, the raw water is diluted, and part of the water flows back to increase the hydraulic load in the synchronous anaerobic methanation and ammoxidation reactor, so that the mass transfer of the granular sludge functional zone I, the formation of anaerobic granular sludge and the increase of the volume load of the reactor are facilitated;
5) the mixed gas of methane and water enters a gas-water separator for gas-water separation, the liquid phase flows back to the synchronous anaerobic methanation and ammoxidation reactor, and the methane gas is pressurized to a gas pressurizing tank by a fan; part of gas in the gas pressurizing tank is mixed with raw water through a jet flow mixer and enters a synchronous anaerobic methanation and ammoxidation reactor, part of gas enters a biogas combustion boiler through an electric regulating valve for combustion, and the surplus gas is recycled; boiler feed water in the boiler feed water tank enters a heat exchange coil of the methane combustion boiler through a boiler feed water pump, exchanges heat with high-temperature flue gas, then enters a tubular heat exchanger, and finally flows back to the boiler feed water tank to finish a heat exchange period;
6) a thermometer is arranged on a water inlet pipeline of the tubular heat exchanger connected with the jet flow mixer,
the thermometer is associated with an electric regulating valve, the temperature of the wastewater entering the synchronous anaerobic methanation and ammoxidation reactor is controlled to be 30-35 ℃, when the temperature is higher than 35 ℃, the opening degree of the electric regulating valve is reduced, the methane quantity entering the methane combustion boiler is reduced, and the heat quantity of the wastewater entering the tubular heat exchanger is controlled by controlling the heat release quantity of the methane combustion boiler; when the temperature is lower than 30 ℃, the amount of the methane entering the methane combustion boiler is increased;
7) the synchronous anaerobic methanation and ammoxidation reactor comprises a granular sludge functional zone I, a fixed bed filler functional zone II and a membrane component functional zone III from bottom to top; and sludge discharge pipes are arranged at the bottom of the synchronous granular sludge functional area I and the bottom of the membrane component functional area III and are connected with an anaerobic sludge storage pool.
Furthermore, an online detection instrument comprises a pH and ORP online detector, water quality of a corresponding part of the reactor is monitored in real time, the online detection instrument is associated with a metering pump of a ferrous chloride adding device and a metering pump of a sodium hydroxide adding device, ORP of the wastewater is controlled by controlling the adding amount of ferrous chloride, and then pH and ORP of the wastewater in the synchronous anaerobic methanation and ammoxidation reactor are controlled to be 7.5-8.0, -500 to-300 mV respectively, so that anaerobic methanation bacteria and anaerobic ammoxidation bacteria become dominant strains; meanwhile, ferrous ions have a promoting effect on the growth of anaerobic methanation bacteria, the anaerobic methanation effect of the granular sludge functional zone I is enhanced, the concentration of organic matters in wastewater is reduced, dissolved oxygen possibly existing in the wastewater is consumed, and a substrate condition is created for enrichment of anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria in the membrane module functional zone III.
Furthermore, methane gas is adopted to continuously or periodically wash the fixed bed packing area and the membrane component, so that the blocking phenomenon of the membrane component is prevented or slowed down, the off-line cleaning period of the membrane component is prolonged, and the anaerobic biological membrane in the fixed bed packing area is periodically updated through the methane gas washing, so that the blocking of the fixed bed packing area is prevented.
Furthermore, when the system is started, a proper amount of methane gas is injected into the gas pressurization tank, and the requirement of the system on the methane gas in normal operation is ensured.
Furthermore, the subsequent treatment unit adopts corresponding processes according to the specific effluent quality requirements.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the introduction and cleaning effects of methane gas effectively control the blocking problem of the membrane component, simultaneously strengthen the mass transfer of the reactor and strengthen the removal of organic matters and nitrogen.
(2) The methane combustion boiler and the water feeding and chemical adding system (ferrous chloride and sodium hydroxide) effectively control the temperature, the oxidation-reduction potential and the pH value of the methane and the anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria, and create conditions for the effective propagation of the methanogens and the anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria and the guarantee of the biological holding amount.
(3) Methane gas is used as circulating gas and flushing gas, so that a stirrer in a conventional An MBR is omitted, on one hand, energy consumption is reduced, and on the other hand, the difficulty in equipment processing, operation and maintenance is reduced.
(4) The online instrument is interlocked with corresponding equipment and valves, so that the controllability and stability of system operation are enhanced.
(5) And part of the effluent is recycled to dilute the raw water, so that the impact load resistance of the system is enhanced.
The invention discloses a wastewater treatment method based on the synchronous anaerobic methanation and anaerobic ammonia oxidation device, which is a synchronous anaerobic methanation and anaerobic ammonia oxidation treatment process and method capable of effectively controlling membrane component blockage, and has strong controllability, high treatment efficiency and strong impact load resistance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic process diagram of the present invention;
wherein, 1 is an anaerobic sludge storage pool; 2 is a synchronous anaerobic methanation and ammoxidation reactor; 3 is a reactor water inlet flow meter; 4 is a jet mixer; 5 is a thermometer; 6 is a tubular heat exchanger; 7 is a water inlet pump; 8 is a regulating tank; 9 is a ferrous chloride adding device; 10 is a sodium hydroxide adding device; 11 is a metering pump; 12 is a water distributor; 13 is a gas flowmeter I; 14 is a gas distribution pipe; 15 is a gas flowmeter II, and 16 is a suction pump; 17 is an online detection instrument; 18 is a fixed bed packing zone; 19 is a membrane module; 20 is a subsequent processing unit; 21 is a gas-water separator; 22 is a fan; 23 is a gas pressurization tank; 24 is an electric regulating valve; 25 is a methane combustion boiler; 26 is a boiler feed pump; 27 is a boiler feed water tank; 28 is an insulating layer.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the wastewater treatment method based on the synchronous anaerobic methanation and anaerobic ammonia oxidation device disclosed by the invention comprises the following steps: the system comprises an anaerobic sludge storage pool, a synchronous anaerobic methanation and ammoxidation reactor, a reactor water inlet flow meter, a jet flow mixer, a thermometer, a tubular heat exchanger, a water inlet pump, a regulating tank, a ferrous chloride adding device, a sodium hydroxide adding device, a metering pump, a water distributor, a gas flow meter I, a gas distribution pipe, a gas flow meter II, a suction pump, an online detection instrument, a fixed bed packing area, a membrane component, a subsequent treatment unit, a gas-water separator, a fan, a gas pressurizing tank, an electric regulating valve, a biogas combustion boiler, a boiler water feed pump, a boiler water feed tank and a heat preservation layer.
The synchronous anaerobic methanation and ammoxidation reactor comprises a granular sludge functional area I and a granular sludge functional area I from bottom to top in a biological reaction area
Functional area
(ii) a Synchronous granular sludge functional zone I bottom and functional zone
The bottom is provided with a sludge discharge pipe which is connected with an anaerobic sludge storage pool.
The wastewater passes through a ferrous chloride adding device and a sodium hydroxide adding device in a regulating tank, ferrous chloride and sodium hydroxide are respectively added, the pH of the wastewater in the regulating tank is controlled to be 7.5-8.0, the ORP of the wastewater in the regulating tank is controlled to be-500 to-300 mV, and the temperature of the wastewater entering a synchronous anaerobic methanation and ammoxidation reactor is controlled to be 30-35 ℃ through an electric regulating valve and a tubular heat exchanger.
The effluent of the tubular heat exchanger is fully mixed with methane gas from a gas pressurization tank in the jet flow mixer, and the mixed gas-water mixture increases the local ascending flow velocity and turbulence of the wastewater, enhances mass transfer, promotes the formation of granular sludge in the granular sludge functional zone I, and improves the treatment effect of the wastewater; the jet flow mixer enters the water distributor through the reactor water inlet flow meter and distributes water uniformly through the water distributor.
The wastewater sequentially enters a granular sludge functional area I in a synchronous anaerobic methanation and ammoxidation reactor, anaerobic methane is mainly used in the granular sludge functional area I, meanwhile, organic matters and dissolved oxygen in the inlet water are consumed, the anaerobic ammoxidation reaction is ensured to be smoothly carried out in a fixed bed packing area, then the wastewater enters a membrane module to carry out gas-liquid-solid three-phase separation, the membrane module ensures the biological holding amount of anaerobic ammoxidation bacteria with longer generation time in the synchronous anaerobic methanation and ammoxidation reactor, and the separation of HRT and SRT is realized.
The membrane component enters the subsequent treatment unit through the suction pump, part of the water discharged by the suction pump flows back to the jet flow mixer to be mixed with the raw water, the raw water is diluted, and part of the water flows back to increase the hydraulic load in the synchronous anaerobic methanation and ammoxidation reactor, so that the mass transfer of the granular sludge functional zone I, the formation of anaerobic granular sludge and the improvement of the volume load of the reactor are facilitated.
And the mixed gas of methane and water enters a gas-water separator for gas-water separation, the liquid phase flows back to the synchronous anaerobic methanation and ammoxidation reactor, and the methane gas is pressurized to a gas pressurizing tank by a fan. And part of gas in the gas pressurizing tank is mixed with raw water through the jet flow mixer and enters the synchronous anaerobic methanation and ammonia oxidation reactor, part of gas enters the biogas combustion boiler through the electric regulating valve to be combusted, and the surplus gas is recycled. Boiler feed water in the boiler feed water tank enters a heat exchange coil of the methane combustion boiler through a boiler feed water pump, exchanges heat with high-temperature flue gas, then enters a tubular heat exchanger, and finally flows back to the boiler feed water tank to complete a heat exchange period.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
example 1
The wastewater passes through a ferrous chloride adding device and a sodium hydroxide adding device in a regulating tank, ferrous chloride and sodium hydroxide are respectively added, the pH of the wastewater in the regulating tank is controlled to be 7.5-8.0, the ORP of the wastewater in the regulating tank is controlled to be-500 to-300 mV, and the temperature of the wastewater entering a synchronous anaerobic methanation and ammoxidation reactor is controlled to be 30-35 ℃ through an electric regulating valve and a tubular heat exchanger.
The effluent of the tubular heat exchanger is fully mixed with methane gas from the gas pressurizing tank in the jet flow mixer, and the mixed gas-water mixture increases the local ascending flow rate and turbulence of the wastewater, enhances mass transfer, promotes the formation of granular sludge in the granular sludge functional zone I, and improves the treatment effect of the wastewater. The jet flow mixer enters the water distributor through the reactor water inlet flow meter and distributes water uniformly through the water distributor.
The wastewater sequentially enters a granular sludge functional area I in a synchronous anaerobic methanation and ammoxidation reactor, anaerobic methane is mainly used in the granular sludge functional area I, meanwhile, organic matters and dissolved oxygen in the inlet water are consumed, the anaerobic ammoxidation reaction is ensured to be smoothly carried out in a fixed bed packing area, then the wastewater enters a membrane module to carry out gas-liquid-solid three-phase separation, the membrane module ensures the biological holding amount of anaerobic ammoxidation bacteria with longer generation time in the synchronous anaerobic methanation and ammoxidation reactor, and the separation of HRT and SRT is realized.
The membrane component enters the subsequent treatment unit through the suction pump, part of the water discharged by the suction pump flows back to the jet flow mixer to be mixed with the raw water, the raw water is diluted, and part of the water flows back to increase the hydraulic load in the synchronous anaerobic methanation and ammoxidation reactor, so that the mass transfer of the granular sludge functional zone I, the formation of anaerobic granular sludge and the improvement of the volume load of the reactor are facilitated.
And the mixed gas of methane and water enters a gas-water separator for gas-water separation, the liquid phase flows back to the synchronous anaerobic methanation and ammoxidation reactor, and the methane gas is pressurized to a gas pressurizing tank by a fan. Part of gas in the gas pressurizing tank is mixed with raw water through a jet flow mixer and enters a synchronous anaerobic methanation and ammoxidation reactor, part of gas enters a biogas combustion boiler through an electric regulating valve for combustion, and the surplus gas is recycled; boiler feed water in the boiler feed water tank enters a heat exchange coil of the methane combustion boiler through a boiler feed water pump, exchanges heat with high-temperature flue gas, then enters a tubular heat exchanger, and finally flows back to the boiler feed water tank to complete a heat exchange period.
A thermometer is arranged on a water inlet pipeline of the tubular heat exchanger connected with the jet flow mixer, the thermometer is associated with an electric regulating valve, the temperature of the wastewater entering the synchronous anaerobic methanation and ammoxidation reactor is controlled to be 30-35 ℃, when the temperature is higher than 35 ℃, the opening degree of the electric regulating valve is reduced, the methane quantity entering the methane combustion boiler is reduced, and the heat quantity of the wastewater entering the tubular heat exchanger is controlled by controlling the heat discharge quantity of the methane combustion boiler. And when the temperature is lower than 30 ℃, increasing the methane quantity entering the methane combustion boiler.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (6)
1. A wastewater treatment method adopting a synchronous anaerobic methanation and anaerobic ammonia oxidation device is characterized by comprising the following steps: the device comprises an anaerobic sludge storage pool (1); a synchronous anaerobic methanation and ammoxidation reactor (2); a reactor water inlet flow meter (3); a jet mixer (4); a thermometer (5); a tubular heat exchanger (6); a water inlet pump (7); a regulating reservoir (8); a ferrous chloride adding device (9); a sodium hydroxide adding device (10); a metering pump (11); a water distributor (12); a gas flow meter I (13); a gas distribution pipe (14); a gas flow meter II (15); a suction pump (16); an online detection instrument (17); a fixed bed packing zone (18); a membrane module (19); a post-processing unit (20); a gas-water separator (21); a fan (22); a gas pressurizing tank (23); an electric control valve (24); a biogas combustion boiler (25); a boiler feed pump (26); a boiler feed water tank (27); an insulating layer (28);
the regulating tank (8) is sequentially connected with a water inlet pump (7), a tubular heat exchanger (6), a jet flow mixer (4), a reactor water inlet flow meter (3) and the synchronous anaerobic methanation and ammoxidation reactor (2); the synchronous anaerobic methanation and ammoxidation reactor (2) comprises a water distributor (12), a fixed bed packing area (18), a membrane component (19) and a heat-insulating layer (28); the synchronous anaerobic methanation and ammoxidation reactor (2) is connected with a suction pump (16) and a subsequent treatment unit (20) in sequence; the synchronous anaerobic methanation and ammoxidation reactor (2) is sequentially connected with a gas-water separator (21), a fan (22), a gas pressure increasing tank (23), an electric regulating valve (24) and a methane combustion boiler (25), and the synchronous anaerobic methanation and ammoxidation reactor (2) is also connected with an anaerobic sludge storage tank (1);
the boiler water feeding pool (27), the boiler water feeding pump (26) and the combustion boiler (25) are connected in sequence; the biogas combustion boiler (25) and the boiler water supply tank (27) are respectively connected with the tubular heat exchanger (6); the gas pressurizing tank (23) and the suction pump (16) are respectively connected with the jet mixer (4); the gas pressurizing tank (23) is respectively connected with a gas distribution pipe (14) through a gas flowmeter I (13) and a gas flowmeter II (15), and the gas distribution pipe (14) is positioned between the fixed bed packing area (18) and the membrane component (19);
the ferrous chloride adding device (9) and the sodium hydroxide adding device (10) are respectively connected with the regulating tank (8) through a metering pump (11); the suction pump (16), the gas flowmeter II (15), the gas flowmeter I (13) and the online detection instrument (17) are respectively connected with the synchronous anaerobic methanation and ammoxidation reactor (2);
the online detection instrument (17) is interlocked with the metering pump (11), the adding amount of ferrous chloride and sodium hydroxide is controlled, and the pH and the temperature in the synchronous anaerobic methanation and ammoxidation reactor (2) are further controlled; the thermometer (5) is interlocked with the electric regulating valve (24), and the temperature of the wastewater entering the synchronous anaerobic methanation and ammoxidation reactor (2) is further controlled by controlling the combustion methane volume entering the methane combustion boiler (25) and controlling the heat exchange quantity of the hot water of the tubular heat exchanger (6) and the water entering the reactor.
2. The method for treating wastewater by using the synchronous anaerobic methanation and anaerobic ammonia oxidation device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that:
1) the wastewater passes through a ferrous chloride adding device (9) and a sodium hydroxide adding device (10) in a regulating tank (8) and is added with ferrous chloride and sodium hydroxide respectively, the pH value and the ORP of the wastewater in the regulating tank (8) are controlled to be 7.5-8.0 and-500-300 mV, and the temperature of the wastewater entering a synchronous anaerobic methanation and ammoxidation reactor (2) is controlled to be 30-35 ℃ through an electric regulating valve (24) and a tubular heat exchanger (6);
2) the effluent of the tubular heat exchanger (6) is fully mixed with methane gas from a gas pressurizing tank (23) in a jet flow mixer (4), and the mixed gas-water mixture increases the local ascending flow velocity and turbulence of the wastewater, enhances mass transfer, promotes the formation of granular sludge in a granular sludge functional zone I, and improves the treatment effect of the wastewater; the jet flow mixer (4) enters the water distributor (12) through the reactor water inlet flow meter (3) and distributes water uniformly through the water distributor (12);
3) wastewater sequentially enters a granular sludge functional area I in a synchronous anaerobic methanation and ammoxidation reactor (2), anaerobic methane is mainly used in the granular sludge functional area I, meanwhile, organic matters and dissolved oxygen in inlet water are consumed, the anaerobic ammoxidation reaction is ensured to be smoothly carried out in a fixed bed packing area (18), then the wastewater enters a membrane module (19) for gas-liquid-solid three-phase separation, the biological holding amount of anaerobic ammoxidation bacteria with longer generation time in the synchronous anaerobic methanation and ammoxidation reactor (2) is ensured by the membrane module (19), and the separation of HRT and SRT is realized;
4) the membrane component (19) enters the subsequent treatment unit (20) through the suction pump (16), part of the water outlet of the suction pump (16) flows back to the jet flow mixer (4) to be mixed with raw water, the raw water is diluted, and part of the water outlet flows back to increase the hydraulic load in the synchronous anaerobic methanation and ammoxidation reactor (2), thereby being beneficial to the mass transfer of the granular sludge functional zone I, the formation of anaerobic granular sludge and the improvement of the volume load of the reactor;
5) the mixed gas of methane and water enters a gas-water separator (21) for gas-water separation, the liquid phase flows back to the synchronous anaerobic methanation and ammoxidation reactor (2), and the methane gas is pressurized to a gas pressurizing tank (23) by a fan (22); part of gas in the gas pressurizing tank (23) is mixed with raw water through the jet flow mixer (4) and enters the synchronous anaerobic methanation and ammoxidation reactor (2), part of gas enters the biogas combustion boiler (25) through the electric regulating valve (24) for combustion, and the surplus gas is recycled; boiler feed water in the boiler feed water tank (27) enters a heat exchange coil of a methane combustion boiler (25) through a boiler feed water pump (26), exchanges heat with high-temperature flue gas, then enters a tubular heat exchanger (6), and finally flows back to the boiler feed water tank (27) to finish a heat exchange period;
6) a thermometer (5) is arranged on a water inlet pipeline which is connected with the tubular heat exchanger (6) and the jet flow mixer (4),
the thermometer (5) is associated with the electric regulating valve (24), the temperature of the wastewater entering the synchronous anaerobic methanation and ammoxidation reactor (2) is controlled to be 30-35 ℃, when the temperature is higher than 35 ℃, the opening degree of the electric regulating valve (24) is reduced, the methane amount entering the methane combustion boiler (25) is reduced, and the heat of the wastewater entering the tubular heat exchanger (6) is controlled by controlling the heat release amount of the methane combustion boiler (25); when the temperature is lower than 30 ℃, the amount of the biogas entering the biogas combustion boiler (25) is increased;
7) the synchronous anaerobic methanation and ammoxidation reactor (2) comprises a granular sludge functional zone I, a fixed bed filler functional zone II and a membrane component functional zone III from bottom to top; and sludge discharge pipes are arranged at the bottom of the synchronous granular sludge functional area I and the bottom of the membrane component functional area III and are connected with an anaerobic sludge storage pool (1).
3. The wastewater treatment method adopting the synchronous anaerobic methanation and anaerobic ammonia oxidation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: an online detection instrument (17) comprises a pH and ORP online detector, water quality of a corresponding part of the reactor is monitored in real time, the online detection instrument is associated with a metering pump (11) of a ferrous chloride adding device (9) and a metering pump (11) of a sodium hydroxide adding device (10), ORP of the wastewater is controlled by controlling the adding amount of ferrous chloride, and then the pH and ORP of the wastewater in the synchronous anaerobic methanation and ammoxidation reactor (2) are controlled to be 7.5-8.0, -500 to-300 mV respectively, so that anaerobic methanation bacteria and anaerobic ammoxidation bacteria become dominant bacteria; meanwhile, ferrous ions have a promoting effect on the growth of anaerobic methanation bacteria, the anaerobic methanation effect of the granular sludge functional zone I is enhanced, the concentration of organic matters in wastewater is reduced, dissolved oxygen possibly existing in the wastewater is consumed, and a substrate condition is created for enrichment of anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria in the membrane module functional zone III.
4. The wastewater treatment method adopting the synchronous anaerobic methanation and anaerobic ammonia oxidation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: methane gas is adopted to continuously or periodically flush the fixed bed packing area (18) and the membrane component (19), so that the blocking phenomenon of the membrane component (19) is prevented or slowed down, the off-line cleaning period of the membrane component (19) is prolonged, and the anaerobic biological membrane of the fixed bed packing area (18) is periodically updated through the flushing of the methane gas, so that the blocking of the fixed bed packing area (18) is prevented.
5. The wastewater treatment method adopting the synchronous anaerobic methanation and anaerobic ammonia oxidation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the system is started, a proper amount of methane gas is injected into the gas pressurizing tank (23), so that the requirement of the system on the methane gas in normal operation is ensured.
6. The wastewater treatment method adopting the synchronous anaerobic methanation and anaerobic ammonia oxidation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the subsequent treatment unit (20) adopts corresponding processes according to the specific effluent quality requirements.
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