CN109454315B - Multi-tungsten electrode argon arc heat source, control method and welding device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-tungsten electrode argon arc heat source, a control method and a welding device, and belongs to the technical field of surfacing welding, aiming at the problem that the deposition speed is low due to the fact that the low dilution rate is ensured in the existing tungsten electrode argon arc surfacing welding process. A multi-tungsten electrode argon arc heat source comprises N welding power supplies, N change-over switches, M tungsten electrodes and argon protective gas; n, M are all positive integers greater than or equal to 3; the cathode of each welding power supply is connected with one or more tungsten electrodes, the end faces of M tungsten electrodes are arranged into a linear shape or a surface shape, the distance between two adjacent tungsten electrodes can ensure the transmission of electric arcs, and three adjacent tungsten electrodes are respectively connected with different welding power supplies; m tungsten electrodes are positioned above the base material; the positive electrode of each welding power supply is connected with the base material through a change-over switch; argon shield gas is distributed between the tungsten electrode and the base metal. The welding device comprises the heat source and a welding torch; the M tungsten poles of the heat source are simultaneously disposed within the torch.

Description

A kind of multi-tungsten argon arc heat source, control method and welding device

technical field

The invention relates to a heat source for tungsten argon arc surfacing, in particular to a multi-tungsten argon arc heat source, a control method and a welding device, and belongs to the technical field of surfacing.

Background technique

Surfacing welding is a process of depositing materials with certain properties on the surface of the weldment to obtain a deposited metal layer with special properties such as wear resistance and heat resistance on the surface of the weldment. Surfacing welding can significantly improve the service life of weldments, save manufacturing and maintenance costs, shorten repair time, and thus improve productivity, so it is widely used in manufacturing and maintenance work in all walks of life.

Tungsten argon arc surfacing has many advantages such as stable arc, less spatter, good visibility, and easy control of the shape of the surfacing layer. However, in order to ensure a low dilution rate, the arc energy is small, so the deposition speed is not high. Small workpieces with high welding quality requirements and complex shapes.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Aiming at the problem of ensuring a low dilution rate and a low deposition rate in the existing argon tungsten arc surfacing process, the present invention provides a multi-tungsten argon arc heat source, a control method and a welding device.

A multi-tungsten argon arc heat source, the heat source comprises N welding power sources, N switching switches, M tungsten electrodes and argon shielding gas; N and M are both positive integers greater than or equal to 3;

The negative electrode of each welding power source is connected to one or more tungsten electrodes. The end faces of the M tungsten electrodes are arranged in a line or plane shape. The distance between two adjacent tungsten electrodes can ensure arc transmission. Three adjacent tungsten electrodes are respectively connected to different Welding power source; M tungsten electrodes are located above the base metal;

The positive pole of each welding power source is connected to the base metal through a switch; the argon shielding gas is distributed between the tungsten electrode and the base metal.

Preferably, the switch has on-off at a set frequency and can pass a current of the order of hundreds of amperes.

Preferably, the welding power source has steep characteristics.

The present invention also provides a heat source control method, comprising:

Through the control of the switch, the arc is switched among M tungsten electrodes, and only one arc is burning at any time, obtaining a linear heat source or a surface heat source.

The present invention also provides a welding device, which includes the heat source and the welding torch;

The M tungsten electrodes of the heat source are simultaneously arranged in the welding torch.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are that the present invention is a heat source based on a tungsten argon arc, and is implemented by using a plurality of tungsten electrodes, which can form a line heat source or a surface heat source. The advantage of the invention is that multiple tungsten electrodes are used, which can be realized with at least three power sources, the arc is switched between multiple tungsten electrodes, and only one arc is burning at any time, so for each tungsten electrode, there are only a few Part of the time arcing, and the rest of the time the tungsten electrode is cooled, the current carrying capacity of the tungsten electrode will be greatly improved, and the arc energy can be greatly increased. Because the heat source is a line heat source or a surface heat source, the energy density of the arc does not increase for the base metal, so it can increase the deposition rate while ensuring the dilution rate, and solve the problem of low deposition rate in argon tungsten arc surfacing.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the principle schematic diagram of the multi-tungsten argon arc heat source of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of six tungsten electrodes arranged in a straight line to form a line heat source;

3 is a schematic diagram of a surface heat source formed by nine tungsten electrodes;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an annular surface heat source formed by six tungsten electrodes.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other under the condition of no conflict.

The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but it is not intended to limit the present invention.

The multi-tungsten argon arc heat source of this embodiment includes N welding power sources, N switches, M tungsten electrodes and argon shielding gas; N and M are both positive integers greater than or equal to 3;

The negative electrode of each welding power source is connected to one or more tungsten electrodes, and M tungsten electrodes are arranged and formed. Except for the first and last tungsten electrodes in the arrangement, the remaining tungsten electrodes have at least two adjacent tungsten electrodes. The spacing of tungsten electrodes can ensure arc transmission, and three adjacent tungsten electrodes are respectively connected to different welding power sources; M tungsten electrodes are located above the base metal;

The positive pole of each welding power source is connected to the base metal through a switch; the argon shielding gas is distributed between the tungsten electrode and the base metal.

In this embodiment, a plurality of tungsten electrodes are arranged to form a shape of a heat source, at least three welding power sources are used to control the power supply of the tungsten electrodes, one switch controls the on-off of the welding circuit of one welding power source, and three adjacent tungsten electrodes are respectively connected to different tungsten electrodes. Welding power source, for example: use the first welding power source to energize the first tungsten electrode, add an arc between the first tungsten electrode and the base metal, the first tungsten electrode is arc burned, and use the second welding power source to The second tungsten electrode adjacent to the first tungsten electrode is energized, the arc of the first tungsten electrode is transmitted to the second tungsten electrode, only one arc is burning, and one or two arcs are burning at the moment of arc switching, Then use the third welding power source to energize the third tungsten electrode adjacent to the second tungsten electrode, and the arc of the second tungsten electrode is transmitted to the third tungsten electrode, ..., in this order, the arc is transmitted To the last tungsten electrode, the last tungsten electrode continues to transmit, the arc switches between multiple tungsten electrodes, and only one arc is burning at any time. When the tungsten electrode cools down over time, the current carrying capacity of the tungsten electrode will be greatly improved, which can greatly increase the arc energy. In this embodiment, according to the requirements of the process, the tungsten electrode can be arranged to form the required shape, so the energy density of the arc does not increase for the base metal, so the deposition rate can be increased while the dilution rate is guaranteed, and the solution to the argon tungsten arc is solved. The problem of low deposition rate of surfacing welding.

In a preferred embodiment, the M tungsten electrodes of this embodiment are arranged in a line shape to form a line heat source: including straight lines and curved lines.

In a preferred embodiment, the M tungsten electrodes of this embodiment are arranged in a surface shape to form a surface heat source.

In a preferred embodiment, the M tungsten electrodes of this embodiment are arranged in a circle to form an annular surface heat source.

In the preferred embodiment, since the success of the arc switching between the tungsten electrodes depends largely on the spacing between the tungsten electrodes, in this embodiment, the spacing between two adjacent tungsten electrodes is the same.

In a preferred embodiment, the switch of this embodiment has on-off at a set frequency and can pass a current of the order of hundreds of amperes.

Each welding power source and multiple tungsten electrodes form a welding circuit. A switch is connected in series in each welding circuit, and the on-off of the frequency control circuit can be set to control the switching of the arc. In order to ensure the uniform distribution of the heat source and energy, it is necessary to ensure the switching The switching frequency of the switch.

In a preferred embodiment, the welding power source has a steep characteristic.

Because a higher voltage is required when striking the arc, the voltage of the arc drops significantly after striking the arc. If the welding power supply has the same characteristics as the ordinary power supply, it is easy to cause a short circuit of the power supply, the heat source current cannot be adjusted, and the welding power supply will overheat and burn out in severe cases. Therefore, the welding power source adopts the method of adjusting the coupling degree between the primary and secondary stages to adjust its output characteristics, so that the output voltage of the welding power source drops greatly after the secondary arc is drawn, and the primary current does not need to increase according to the transformation ratio, so that the voltage drops sharply.

This embodiment also provides a heat source control method, including:

Through the control of the switch, the arc is switched among M tungsten electrodes, and only one arc is burning at any time, obtaining a linear heat source or a surface heat source.

This embodiment also provides a welding device, including the heat source and the welding torch described in this embodiment;

The M tungsten electrodes of the heat source are simultaneously arranged in one welding torch. The welding torch must ensure that the tungsten electrodes connected to the same welding power source are electrically connected, and the tungsten electrodes connected to different welding power sources are electrically insulated.

Since the success of arc switching between tungsten electrodes depends largely on the tungsten electrode spacing, the torch should be designed to ensure the same spacing between the tungsten electrodes.

Embodiment 1: As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the heat source of this embodiment includes three welding power sources, three switching switches, six tungsten electrodes and argon shielding gas; 1 to 6 indicate; three power sources are used, indicated by A, B and C respectively; No. 1 and No. 4 tungsten electrodes are connected to welding power source A, No. 2 and No. 5 tungsten electrodes are connected to welding power source B, and No. 3 and No. 6 tungsten electrodes are connected to welding power source B. Connect the welding power source C; in this embodiment, the distance between the tungsten electrodes is 1-6mm, the welding current is 30-500A, the switching frequency of the switch is 1-1000Hz, and the distance between the tungsten electrode and the base metal is 2-6mm;

When the heat source is working, switch the switch to energize the welding circuit of power source A, the arc first burns on the No. 1 tungsten electrode, and then switch the switch to energize the welding circuit of power source B, the arc is switched from No. 1 to No. 2 tungsten electrode, and the switch makes the power The welding circuit of A is powered off, then the welding circuit of power source C is energized, the arc switches from No. 2 to No. 3 tungsten electrode, switches to No. 6 tungsten electrode at the set frequency, and then switches from No. 6 tungsten electrode to No. 1 in turn Tungsten electrode. By switching the arc between multiple tungsten electrodes, the point heat source of the tungsten argon arc is expanded into a line heat source. Because the arc switches between six tungsten electrodes, for each tungsten electrode, only one-sixth of the time is in the arc, and the tungsten electrode is cooled for the rest of the time, so the current carrying capacity of the tungsten electrode is greatly improved, and the arc energy is greatly improved , while the energy density acting on the base metal does not increase, and the dilution rate does not increase.

Embodiment 2: As shown in Figure 3, the heat source of this embodiment includes three welding power sources, three switching switches, nine tungsten electrodes and argon shielding gas; the nine tungsten electrodes are arranged in a 3*3 array, and numbers are used 1 to 9 indicate; three power sources are used, indicated by A, B and C respectively; No. 1, No. 4 and No. 7 tungsten electrodes are connected to welding power source A, and No. 2, 5 and 8 tungsten electrodes are connected to welding power source B, 3 No. 6 and No. 9 tungsten electrodes are connected to welding power source C; in this embodiment, the tungsten electrode spacing is 1-6mm, the welding current is 30-500A, the switching frequency of the switch is 1-1000Hz, and the tungsten electrode and base metal spacing is 2-6mm ;

When the heat source is working, switch the switch to energize the welding circuit of power source A, the arc first burns on the No. 1 tungsten electrode, and then switch the switch to energize the welding circuit of power source B, the arc is switched from No. 1 to No. 2 tungsten electrode, and the switch makes the power The welding circuit of A is powered off, and then the welding circuit of power source C is energized, and the arc switches from No. 2 to No. 3 tungsten electrode, switches to No. 9 tungsten electrode at the set frequency, and then switches from No. 9 tungsten electrode to No. 1. No. tungsten electrode, the arc is switched between multiple tungsten electrodes, and the point heat source of the argon tungsten arc is expanded into a surface heat source. Because the arc switches between nine tungsten electrodes, for each tungsten electrode, only one-ninth of the time is in the arc, and the tungsten electrode is cooled for the rest of the time, so the current carrying capacity of the tungsten electrode is greatly improved, and the arc energy is greatly improved , while the energy density acting on the base metal does not increase, and the dilution rate does not increase.

Embodiment 2: As shown in Figure 4, the heat source in this embodiment includes three welding power sources, three switching switches, six tungsten electrodes and argon shielding gas; the six tungsten electrodes are arranged in a circle, and the numbers 1~ 6 means; use three power sources, respectively A, B, and C; No. 1 and No. 4 tungsten electrodes are connected to welding power source A, No. 2 and No. 5 tungsten electrodes are connected to welding power source B, and No. 3 and No. 6 tungsten electrodes are connected to welding Power source C; in this embodiment, the tungsten electrode spacing is 1-6mm, the welding current is 30-500A, the switching frequency of the switch is 1-1000Hz, and the tungsten electrode and base metal spacing is 2-6mm;

When the heat source is working, switch the switch to energize the welding circuit of power source A, the arc first burns on the No. 1 tungsten electrode, and then switch the switch to energize the welding circuit of power source B, the arc is switched from No. 1 to No. 2 tungsten electrode, and the switch makes the power The welding circuit of A is powered off, and then the welding circuit of power source C is energized, the arc switches from No. 2 to No. 3 tungsten electrode, switches to No. 6 tungsten electrode at the set frequency, and then switches from No. 6 tungsten electrode to No. 1. No. tungsten electrode. By switching the arc between multiple tungsten electrodes, the point heat source of the argon tungsten arc is expanded into an annular surface heat source. Because the arc switches between six tungsten electrodes, for each tungsten electrode, only one-sixth of the time is in the arc, and the tungsten electrode is cooled for the rest of the time, so the current carrying capacity of the tungsten electrode is greatly improved, and the arc energy is greatly improved , while the energy density acting on the base metal does not increase, and the dilution rate does not increase.

Although the invention has been described herein with reference to specific embodiments, it should be understood that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and applications of the invention. It should therefore be understood that many modifications may be made to the exemplary embodiments and other arrangements can be devised without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. It should be understood that the features described in the various dependent claims and herein may be combined in different ways than are described in the original claims. It will also be appreciated that features described in connection with a single embodiment may be used in other described embodiments.

Claims (3)

1. A control method of a multi-tungsten electrode argon arc heat source comprises the following steps that the heat source comprises N welding power supplies, N change-over switches, M tungsten electrodes and argon protective gas; n, M are all positive integers greater than or equal to 3;

the cathode of each welding power supply is connected with one or more tungsten electrodes, the end faces of M tungsten electrodes are arranged into a linear shape or a surface shape, the distance between two adjacent tungsten electrodes can ensure the transmission of electric arcs, and three adjacent tungsten electrodes are respectively connected with different welding power supplies; m tungsten electrodes are positioned above the base material;

the positive electrode of each welding power supply is connected with the base material through a change-over switch; argon protective gas is distributed between the tungsten electrode and the base metal;

the control method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

the electric arcs are switched among the M tungsten electrodes by controlling the change-over switch, only one electric arc burns at any time, and a linear heat source or a surface-shaped heat source is obtained.

2. The method for controlling a multiple tungsten argon arc heat source according to claim 1, wherein the switch can be turned on and off at a set frequency and can pass a current of the order of hundreds of amperes.

3. The method for controlling a multiple tungsten argon arc heat source according to claim 2, wherein the welding power source has a steep characteristic.

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