CN109454121A - The hot extrusion shaping mold of metal composite pipe and the method for preparing metal composite pipe - Google Patents
The hot extrusion shaping mold of metal composite pipe and the method for preparing metal composite pipe Download PDFInfo
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- CN109454121A CN109454121A CN201811568418.7A CN201811568418A CN109454121A CN 109454121 A CN109454121 A CN 109454121A CN 201811568418 A CN201811568418 A CN 201811568418A CN 109454121 A CN109454121 A CN 109454121A
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- composite pipe
- cylinder
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000002905 metal composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000001192 hot extrusion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 130
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 26
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 101100328887 Caenorhabditis elegans col-34 gene Proteins 0.000 description 11
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 101100366060 Caenorhabditis elegans snap-29 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012438 extruded product Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/22—Making metal-coated products; Making products from two or more metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/02—Making uncoated products
- B21C23/04—Making uncoated products by direct extrusion
- B21C23/08—Making wire, bars, tubes
- B21C23/085—Making tubes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C25/00—Profiling tools for metal extruding
- B21C25/02—Dies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C29/00—Cooling or heating work or parts of the extrusion press; Gas treatment of work
- B21C29/003—Cooling or heating of work
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/08—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/06—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of magnesium or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/08—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon
Abstract
The invention discloses the hot extrusion shaping mold of metal composite pipe and the method for preparing metal composite pipe, including extrusion die, the extrusion cylinder being arranged on extrusion die and it is arranged in and squeezes drum outer wall and the heating mantle contacted with extrusion die and the pressure ram for being arranged in extrusion cylinder and being slidably connected with extrusion cylinder；It is formed with extrusion chamber between the extrusion cylinder inner wall and pressure ram, is filled with combined hollow cylinder blank material layer in the extrusion chamber；The squeezing passage being connected with extrusion chamber is offered inside extrusion die, and the squeezing passage is corresponding with the pressure ram；The process flow is short, and energy consumption is less, high production efficiency, in the production of short route, bilayer, the Multilayer metal tube of manufacture different materials cladding, to meet the needs of different operating environment；And simple production process, easily controllable, intensity, thermal conductivity and the unfailing performance of gained tubing are all effectively improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metal pipe material processing technique fields, and in particular to the hot extrusion shaping mold and system of metal composite pipe
The method of standby metal composite pipe.
Background technique
Multiple tube refers to that the processing method by certain makes the internal layer of metal tube, external sheath dissimilar metal, plays different
The performance advantage of alloy improves the comprehensive performance of tubing so that the ectonexine of tubing be made to be respectively provided with different property, has height
Intensity, corrosion-resistant, electromagnetic shielding and the excellent comprehensive performances such as conductive, thermally conductive, can satisfy the requirement of different operating environment.
Thus, it is increasingly being applied to the industrial circles such as aerospace, household electrical appliances manufacture, petroleum industry, electric power and electronics.With China
Economic continuous development, national industry are continuously increased the demand of composite pipe, and the performance and quality to tubing have more next
Higher requirement.In addition, energy contradiction highlights since China's environmental problem becomes increasingly conspicuous, production bimetallic on the market is compound
The product energy consumption of pipe is high, at high cost, of poor quality, environmental pollution is serious, and there is also complex procedures, the position of combination interface for some methods
Set the problem with the deficiency that thickness cannot be controlled accurately, wall unevenness is even.Green is proposed to the production technology of cladding bimetallic tube
Change, short route, energy consumption is low, lumber recovery is high etc. requires.Magnesium-based, aluminium base bilayer/multi-layered composite pipe are that one kind has excellent performance and answers
With the composite pipe having a high potential.Matrix magnesium alloy has excellent cutting performance, and neutrality, alkaline environment corrosion resistance are strong, anti-impact
The advantages that hitting property is strong, and specific strength is big.The advantages that aluminum matrix alloy is conductive good, heat transfer is fast, light-weight, easy to form.
Currently, the method for production composite bimetal pipe can be divided mainly into mechanical compound and compound two class of metallurgy, these two types system
Make technique, have the defects that it is different degrees of, it is specific as follows:
Mechanical composite tube is that lining pipe is penetrated to base's pipe, two pipe Coaxial Superimposeds, then for example hydraulic by certain technique,
Spinning the methods of fires internal lining pipe and is plastically deformed, and base's pipe does not occur or is slightly plastically deformed, so that the two be realized
Therefore mechanical bond in the case where high temperature and long-time service, easily occurs segregation phenomenon, bimetal tube is caused to lose between tube layer
Effect, and this method is confined to the compound bimetal tube of production internal layer, and the bimetallic for needing to realize outer layer covers is compound
Pipe is not applicable.
Metallurgical composite pipe is to form metallurgical composite layer by certain technique between lining pipe and base's pipe, and faying face belongs to
The production price of metallurgical bonds, the metallurgy composite layer is partially expensive, and cost of manufacture is high, and work efficiency is low, is unfavorable for producing in batches.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of hot extrusion moldings for effectively improving metal composite pipe production efficiency and quality
Mold and the method for preparing metal composite pipe.
The technical scheme to solve the above technical problems is that the hot extrusion shaping mold of metal composite pipe, special
Sign is, is squeezing drum outer wall including extrusion die, the extrusion cylinder being arranged on extrusion die and setting and is connecing with extrusion die
The heating mantle of touching and the pressure ram for being arranged in extrusion cylinder and being slidably connected with extrusion cylinder；The extrusion cylinder inner wall and pressure ram
Between be formed with extrusion chamber, combined hollow cylinder blank material layer is filled in the extrusion chamber；
The squeezing passage being connected with extrusion chamber, and the center of the squeezing passage are offered inside the extrusion die
The center line of line and the pressure ram is located on the same line.
Further, the extrusion die includes support portion, the throat knot for being arranged in support portion and being connected to squeezing passage
Structure and the hatch frame being connected to the throat structures, and the upper end of the hatch frame is connected with the extrusion chamber,
The squeezing passage is provided in support portion, and the extrusion cylinder is in contact with support portion respectively with the heating mantle.
Further, the upper end diameter of the hatch frame is greater than lower end diameter, so that hatch frame has taper β, and 75 °
<β<150°。
Further, the pressure ram includes end head, connect with end head and be slidably matched with the extrusion cylinder inner wall
Interconnecting piece and the center needle being connect with the interconnecting piece by arc transition structure, the center needle and the extrusion cylinder inner wall
Between form extrusion chamber.
Further, end of the center needle far from crowded interconnecting piece is convex structure, and the center needle outer wall and institute
Stating has angle α/2 between the central axes of pressure ram, and 5 ° < α < 10 ° of angle.
Further, there is gap, and the gap is 0.03mm-0.06mm between the interconnecting piece and extrusion cylinder inner wall.
The present invention also provides a kind of methods for preparing metal composite pipe using hot extrusion shaping mold, including following step
It is rapid:
Step 1., prepare matrix tubular blank and composite layer tubular blank, tubular blank surface is cleared up；
2., by the tubular blank after cleaning step is assembled to obtain composite blank；
3., by composite blank step carries out homogenizing annealing processing；The annealing treating process parameter is 390 DEG C × 16h；
4., in advance step smears lubricant on extrusion cylinder inner wall, composite blank is placed in extrusion chamber, using adding
Hot jacket preheats extrusion cylinder and extrusion die；
Multiple tube extrusion forming is multiple tube 5., by extruder drive connection portion and center needle by step.
Further, step 1. in when clearing up tubular blank, alkali cleaning first is carried out to tubular blank, using pickling,
Then it is dried.
Further, 2. middle tubular blank is assembled tubular blank by clad sequence from outside to inside step.
Further, 4. middle preheating temperature is 360 DEG C -380 DEG C to step.
The invention has the following advantages: the hot extrusion shaping mold of metal composite pipe and preparing the side of metal composite pipe
Method, the process flow is short, and energy consumption is less, high production efficiency, in the production of short route, the single layer of manufacture different materials cladding,
Bilayer or multilayer metal tube, to meet the needs of different operating environment；And simple production process, parameter is easily controllable, gained pipe
The cladding thickness of material is uniform, clad is continuous, and film-film-substrate binding strength is high, thermal conductivity and conductivity are high, high reliablity；By squeezing
The peculiar tapered configuration of compression bar and extrusion die can effectively guarantee blank non-fixed length flowing in extrusion process, so that squeezing
Compound pipe thickness out is uniform, and is conducive to the Uniform Flow of blank without dead zone in extrusion process.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is schematic structural view of the invention；
Fig. 2 is structure of extrusion schematic diagram in the present invention；
Fig. 3 is extrusion rod structure schematic diagram in the present invention；
Appended drawing reference shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 3 respectively indicates are as follows: 1- extrusion die, 2- extrusion cylinder, 3- heating mantle, 4- are squeezed
Bar, 5- extrusion chamber, 6- squeezing passage, 101- support portion, 102- throat structures, 103- hatch frame, 401- end head,
402- interconnecting piece, the center 403- needle.
Specific embodiment
The principle and features of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the given examples are served only to explain the present invention, and
It is non-to be used to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, the hot extrusion shaping mold of metal composite pipe, which is characterized in that including extrusion die 1, set
The heating mantle 3 and setting set the extrusion cylinder 2 on extrusion die 1 and 2 outer wall of extrusion cylinder is set and is contacted with extrusion die 1
The pressure ram 4 being slidably connected in extrusion cylinder 2 and with extrusion cylinder 2；It is formed between 2 inner wall of extrusion cylinder and pressure ram 4 crowded
Cavity 5 is pressed, is filled with combined hollow cylinder blank material layer in extrusion chamber 5.
Preferably heating mantle 3 be resistance heating set 3, by resistance heating set 3 heat effect so that extrusion cylinder 2 and squeeze
Temperature needed for compression mould 1 reaches hot extrusion.Pressure ram 4 is slidably matched with extrusion cylinder 2, will squeezed by the effect of pressure ram 4
Combined hollow cylinder blank in pressure cavity 5 is squeezed to extrusion die 1, and then the extrusion molding out of squeezing passage 6.
Pressure ram 4 is overall structure, pressure ram 4 include end head 401, connect with end head 401 and with 2 inner wall of extrusion cylinder
The interconnecting piece 402 being slidably matched and the center needle 403 being connect with interconnecting piece 402 by arc transition structure, center needle 403 with
Extrusion chamber 5 is formed between 2 inner wall of extrusion cylinder.There is gap, and gap is between 2 inner wall of interconnecting piece 402 and extrusion cylinder
0.03mm-0.06mm, so that pressure ram 4 and extrusion cylinder 2 are always in the state that is slidably matched.When carrying out extrusion operation, squeeze
Machine acts in end head 401 as actuator, and drive connection portion 402 is slided in 2 inner wall of extrusion cylinder, thus drive connection portion
402 and center needle 403 the combination blank in extrusion chamber 5 is squeezed to extrusion die 1, realize multiple tube extrusion forming behaviour
Make.Wherein, the arc radius of arc transition structure is R, and radius R is related with inner wall cladding material, thickness, when inner wall coats
Layer is thicker, and R fillet is bigger.When needing very thin inner wall layer or when not being distinctly claimed inner wall layer thickness, R < 1.0mm；When interior
When coating thickness and pipe bulk layer thickness ratio > 1/20, R is about 20mm or more.
In order to guarantee to combine blank stability in extrusion process, in the present invention, center needle 403 is far from interconnecting piece
402 end is convex structure, and has angle α/2 between 403 outer wall of center needle and the central axes of the pressure ram 4, and
5 ° < α < 10 ° of angle.Center needle 403 is in certain taper, by the distinctive tapered configuration, so that combination blank is squeezing
Steady flow in the process, so that the compound pipe thickness squeezed out is uniform.Selection for angle, by L/D, (L is pipe range, D
For caliber) it determines, as L/D > 10, smaller angle is taken in angular range；As L/D < 10, taken in angular range larger
Angle.
The throat knot that extrusion die 1 includes support portion 101, is arranged in support portion 101 and is connected to 6 upper end of squeezing passage
Structure 102 and the hatch frame 103 being connected to the throat structures 102, and the upper end of hatch frame 103 and the extrusion chamber
5 are connected, and squeezing passage 6 is provided in support portion 101, and the extrusion cylinder 2 is in contact with support portion 101 respectively with heating mantle 3.
Hatch frame 103 and throat structures 102 generate biggish plastic deformation to combined hollow cylinder blank, improve the consistency of multiple tube
And mechanical property, blank herein are in forming belt；The blank of forming belt lower end is located at setting zone, on the outside of the blank of setting zone
What is be in contact is the support portion 101 of extrusion die.Combination blank flows into extrusion die by hatch frame 103 by extrusion chamber 5
In squeezing passage 6 in tool 1.Its hatch frame 103 has certain taper β, and 75 ° < β < 150 °.Pass through distinctive taper knot
Structure, so that in extrusion process without dead zone, the flowing of advantageously combined blank；When the preferable material of external sheath mobility,
When such as aluminium alloy or relatively thin compound tube wall, β answers bigger than normal in value range；When the poor material of external sheath mobility,
When such as copper alloy or thicker compound tube wall, β answers less than normal in value range.
When carrying out multiple tube preparation, prepares tubular blank, tubular blank surface is cleared up；Tubular blank is carried out clear
When reason, alkali cleaning first is carried out to tubular blank and is then dried using pickling.Tubular blank after cleaning is passed through by outer
Tubular blank is assembled to obtain composite blank to interior clad sequence；Composite blank is added in combustion furnace and is carried out
Homogenize annealing；Lubricant is smeared on 2 inner wall of extrusion cylinder in advance, composite blank is placed in extrusion chamber 5, is utilized
Heating mantle 3 preheats extrusion cylinder 2 and extrusion die 1；Its preheating temperature is 360 DEG C；It drives and squeezes finally by extruder
Bar interconnecting piece 402 and center needle 403 apply extruding force to composite blank, and multiple tube is squeezed from squeezing passage 6 under pressure
It shapes out.
The present invention also provides a kind of methods for preparing metal composite pipe using hot extrusion shaping mold, including following step
It is rapid:
Step 1., prepare tubular blank, tubular blank surface is cleared up；It is first right when clearing up tubular blank
Then tubular blank carries out alkali cleaning is dried using pickling.
2., by the tubular blank after cleaning step is assembled to obtain composite blank；Tubular blank passes through from outside to inside
Clad sequence assembles tubular blank.
3., by composite blank step carries out homogenizing annealing processing, which is 390 DEG C × 16h.
4., in advance step smears lubricant on 2 inner wall of extrusion cylinder, composite blank is placed in extrusion chamber 5, utilizes
Heating mantle 3 preheats extrusion cylinder 2 and extrusion die 1；Its preheating temperature is 360 DEG C -380 DEG C, and preferred preheating temperature is
360 DEG C or 380 DEG C.
5., by extruder step drives pressure ram 4 and center needle 403 to apply extruding force to composite blank, multiple tube exists
Pressure effect under from extruded product casing extrusion molding.
Embodiment one: internal layer coated copper, external sheath aluminium, the multi-layered composite pipe that matrix is magnesium alloy
Machining obtains aluminium alloy, magnesium alloy, copper alloy tubular blank, and outer layer aluminum-alloy tubes size φ 100 × 4 is (outer
Diameter is 100mm, wall thickness 4mm), middle layer magnesium alloy tube blank size φ 92 × 30, internal layer copper alloy tube size φ 32 × 4.
Aluminum-alloy tubes, magnesium alloy pipe, copper alloy tube are passed through into alkali cleaning, then pickling again.It is closed after drying according to aluminium alloy, magnesium
Pipe is assembled into combination blank by golden, copper alloy sequence.Combination blank is put into heating furnace, the equal of 390 DEG C × 16h is carried out
Homogenize annealing.Using graphite as lubricant, it is uniformly applied to 2 inner surface of extrusion cylinder in advance, the cone angle of extrusion die 1 is
95 °, extrusion cylinder 2 and extrusion die 1 are preheated using heating mantle 3, preheating temperature is 360 DEG C, and 2 heating temperature of extrusion cylinder is 380
DEG C, extrusion speed 30mm/min, pressure ram 4 pairs of combination blanks application extruding forces are driven by extruder, multiple tube is in pressure
Extrusion molding, extruding obtain internal layer coated copper, external sheath aluminium, the multilayer that matrix is magnesium alloy from extrusion die 1 under effect
Multiple tube.
Embodiment two: internal layer coated copper, external sheath aluminium, the multi-layered composite pipe that matrix is magnesium alloy
Machining obtains aluminium alloy, magnesium alloy, copper alloy tubular blank, and outer layer aluminum-alloy tubes size φ 100 × 6 is (outer
Diameter is 100mm, wall thickness 4mm), middle layer magnesium alloy tube blank size φ 88 × 30, internal layer copper alloy tube size φ 28 × 4.
Aluminum-alloy tubes, magnesium alloy pipe, copper alloy tube are passed through into alkali cleaning, then pickling again.It is closed after drying according to aluminium alloy, magnesium
Pipe is assembled into combination blank by golden, copper alloy sequence.Combination blank is put into heating furnace, the equal of 390 DEG C × 16h is carried out
Homogenize annealing.Using graphite as lubricant, it is uniformly applied to 2 inner surface of extrusion cylinder in advance, the cone angle of extrusion die 1 is
85 °, extrusion cylinder 2 and extrusion die 1 are preheated using heating mantle 3, preheating temperature is 360 DEG C, and 2 heating temperature of extrusion cylinder is 380
DEG C, extrusion speed 25mm/min, pressure ram 4 pairs of combination blanks application extruding forces are driven by extruder, multiple tube is in pressure
Extrusion molding, extruding obtain internal layer coated copper, external sheath aluminium, the multilayer that matrix is magnesium alloy from extrusion die 1 under effect
Multiple tube.
Embodiment three: external sheath copper, the double-layer composite pipe that matrix is magnesium alloy
Machining obtains magnesium alloy, copper alloy tubular blank, outer layer copper alloy tube size φ 100 × 4.Internal layer magnesium alloy
Aluminum-alloy tubes, magnesium alloy pipe, copper alloy tube are passed through alkali cleaning, then pickling again by tube blank size φ 92 × 30.After drying
Pipe is assembled into combination blank according to the sequence of aluminium alloy, magnesium alloy, copper alloy.Combination blank is put into heating furnace, into
The homogenizing annealing of 390 DEG C × 16h of row is handled.Using graphite as lubricant, it is uniformly applied to 2 inner surface of extrusion cylinder in advance,
The cone angle of extrusion die 1 is 80 °, is preheated using heating mantle 3 to extrusion cylinder 2 and extrusion die 1, and preheating temperature is 360 DEG C, is squeezed
2 heating temperature of pressure cylinder is 380 DEG C, extrusion speed 30mm/min, drives 4 pairs of combination blanks of pressure ram to apply by extruder crowded
Pressure, the extrusion molding from extrusion die 1, external sheath copper, the bilayer that matrix is magnesium alloy are multiple under pressure for multiple tube
Close pipe.
The above are a specific embodiment of the invention, from implementation process as can be seen that the hot extrusion molding of metal composite pipe
Mold and the method for preparing metal composite pipe, the process flow is short, and energy consumption is less, high production efficiency, in the production of short route,
Single layer, the bilayer or multilayer metal tube of different materials cladding are manufactured, to meet the needs of different operating environment；And production technology letter
Single, parameter is easily controllable, and the cladding thickness of gained tubing is uniform, clad is continuous, film-film-substrate binding strength height, thermal conductivity and electricity
Conductance height, high reliablity；By the peculiar tapered configuration of pressure ram and extrusion die, it can effectively guarantee blank in extrusion process
In the flowing of non-fixed length so that the compound pipe thickness squeezed out is uniform, and be conducive to the equal of blank without dead zone in extrusion process
Uniform flow is dynamic.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all in spirit of the invention and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the hot extrusion shaping mold of metal composite pipe, which is characterized in that including extrusion die (1), be arranged in extrusion die (1)
On extrusion cylinder (2) and setting in extrusion cylinder (2) outer wall and the heating mantle (3) that contact with extrusion die (1) and setting crowded
The pressure ram (4) being slidably connected in pressure cylinder (2) and with extrusion cylinder (2)；Shape between extrusion cylinder (2) inner wall and pressure ram (4)
At having extrusion chamber (5), combined hollow cylinder blank material layer is filled in the extrusion chamber (5)；
The squeezing passage (6) being connected with extrusion chamber (5), and the squeezing passage are offered inside the extrusion die (1)
(6) center line and the center line of the pressure ram (4) are located on the same line.
2. the hot extrusion shaping mold of metal composite pipe according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the extrusion die
It (1) include support portion (101), setting in the throat structures (102) that support portion (101) is interior and is connected to squeezing passage (6) upper end
And the hatch frame (103) being connected to the throat structures (102), and the upper end of the hatch frame (103) is squeezed with described
Pressure cavity (5) is connected, and the squeezing passage (6) is provided in support portion (101), the extrusion cylinder (2) and the heating mantle
(3) it is in contact respectively with support portion (101).
3. the hot extrusion shaping mold of metal composite pipe according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the hatch frame
(103) upper end diameter is greater than lower end diameter, so that hatch frame (103) has taper β, and 75 ° < β < 150 °.
4. the hot extrusion shaping mold of metal composite pipe according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that described
The connection that pressure ram (4) includes end head (401), connect with end head (401) and is slidably matched with the extrusion cylinder (2) inner wall
Portion (402) and the center needle (403) being connect with the interconnecting piece (402) by arc transition structure, the center needle (403)
Extrusion chamber (5) are formed between the extrusion cylinder (2) inner wall.
5. the hot extrusion shaping mold of metal composite pipe according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the center needle
(403) end far from crowded interconnecting piece (402) is convex structure, and center needle (403) outer wall and the pressure ram (4)
Central axes between there are angle α/2, and 5 ° < α < 10 ° of angle.
6. the hot extrusion shaping mold of metal composite pipe according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the interconnecting piece
(402) it is slidably connected between extrusion cylinder (2) inner wall and there is gap, the gap is 0.03mm-0.06mm.
7. a kind of method for preparing metal composite pipe using hot extrusion shaping mold as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, special
Sign is, comprising the following steps:
Step is 1.: preparing matrix tubular blank and composite layer tubular blank, clears up tubular blank surface；
Step is 2.: being assembled the tubular blank after cleaning to obtain composite blank；
Step is 3.: composite blank is carried out homogenizing annealing processing；The annealing treating process parameter is 390 DEG C × 16h；
Step is 4.: smearing lubricant on extrusion cylinder (2) inner wall in advance, composite blank is placed in extrusion chamber (5), utilize
Heating mantle (3) preheats extrusion cylinder (2) and extrusion die (1)；
Step is 5.: by multiple tube extrusion forming being multiple tube by extruder drive connection portion (402) and center needle (403).
8. a kind of method for preparing metal composite pipe using hot extrusion shaping mold according to claim 7, feature exist
In, step 1. in tubular blank is cleared up when, alkali cleaning first is carried out to tubular blank and is then dried using pickling.
9. a kind of preparation method for preparing metal composite pipe using hot extrusion shaping mold according to claim 7, special
Sign is that 2. middle tubular blank is assembled tubular blank by clad sequence from outside to inside step.
10. a kind of method for preparing metal composite pipe using hot extrusion shaping mold according to claim 7, feature exist
In 4. middle preheating temperature is 360 DEG C -380 DEG C to step.
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| CN113305166A (en) * | 2021-04-10 | 2021-08-27 | 桂林理工大学 | Diameter-expanding hot extrusion process for bimetal alloy steel composite pipe |
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