CN109450655A - Session restoration methods, equipment and system - Google Patents
Session restoration methods, equipment and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109450655A CN109450655A CN201811392511.7A CN201811392511A CN109450655A CN 109450655 A CN109450655 A CN 109450655A CN 201811392511 A CN201811392511 A CN 201811392511A CN 109450655 A CN109450655 A CN 109450655A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/14—Session management
- H04L67/142—Managing session states for stateless protocols; Signalling session states; State transitions; Keeping-state mechanisms
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/08—Configuration management of networks or network elements
- H04L41/0893—Assignment of logical groups to network elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/02—Details
- H04L12/14—Charging, metering or billing arrangements for data wireline or wireless communications
- H04L12/1403—Architecture for metering, charging or billing
- H04L12/1407—Policy-and-charging control [PCC] architecture
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/08—Configuration management of networks or network elements
- H04L41/0803—Configuration setting
- H04L41/0813—Configuration setting characterised by the conditions triggering a change of settings
- H04L41/0816—Configuration setting characterised by the conditions triggering a change of settings the condition being an adaptation, e.g. in response to network events
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
- H04L45/28—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks using route fault recovery
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/08—Configuration management of networks or network elements
- H04L41/0894—Policy-based network configuration management
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
- H04M15/00—Arrangements for metering, time-control or time indication ; Metering, charging or billing arrangements for voice wireline or wireless communications, e.g. VoIP
- H04M15/66—Policy and charging system
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/24—Accounting or billing
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
- Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)
- Telephonic Communication Services (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of session restoration methods, equipment and system.This method includes that standby PCRF receives the CCR-U message that PCEF is sent, and the CCR-U message is that the PCEF is sent after determination needs session updates；The standby PCRF carries out PCC strategic decision-making according to the CCR-U message reproduction session.The embodiment of the present invention can reduce Signalling exchange expense, improve the signaling processing ability of standby PCRF.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the communication technology more particularly to a kind of session restoration methods, equipment and system.
Background technique
Under strategy and charging control (Policy and Charging Control, PCC) framework, packet switch (Packet
Switching, PS) network is able to detect that different Business Streams, and carries out service quality (Quality of for Business Stream
Service, QoS) control and billing statistics.It include strategy and charging execution function entity (Policy and in PCC system
Charging Enforcement Function, PCEF) and tactful and charging regulation function entity (Policy and
Charging Rule Function, PCRF), the interface between PCEF and PCRF is Gx interface.It can in order to improve Gx interface
By property, when actual deployment, generallys use the building form of the active and standby disaster tolerance of PCRF.When user activates, main PCRF is preferentially selected to establish meeting
Words select standby PCRF if main PCRF is unavailable；It is preferential to use PCRF selected when activating when user updates and deactivates,
If selected PCRF is unavailable when activation, another PCRF of Gx standby (Failover) process selecting is triggered.
Main PCRF and standby PCRF are usually located at different geographical locations, in the prior art, adopt between main PCRF and standby PCRF
With the mode of real-time warm back-up, for example, needing real-time Signalling exchange between the two to guarantee the consistency of data between network element.
But warm back-up will increase Signalling exchange in real time, to influence signaling processing ability.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of session restoration methods, equipment and systems, to solve existing skill
The problem for needing signaling processing ability caused by real-time Signalling exchange poor between active and standby PCRF in art.
In a first aspect, providing a kind of session restoration methods, comprising:
Standby PCRF receives the CCR-U message that PCEF is sent, and the CCR-U message is that the PCEF in determination needs session more
It is sent after new；
The standby PCRF carries out PCC strategic decision-making according to the CCR-U message reproduction session.
With reference to first aspect, in the first possible implementation of the first aspect, comprising using in the CCR-U message
Family information and original PCC rule, original PCC rule are that main PCRF connects in IP-CAN conversation initial establishment process or IP
Receiving is sent to the PCEF, the progress PCC strategic decision-making during asking network IP-CAN session updates, comprising:
Original PCC rule is determined as the PCC obtained after PCC strategic decision-making rule；Alternatively,
According to the user information and signing information, PCC rule is obtained.
The possible implementation of with reference to first aspect the first, in second of possible implementation of first aspect
In, when the PCC rule that the standby PCRF is obtained is the new PCC rule different from original PCC rule, the method
Further include:
The standby PCRF sends Credit Control Answer to the PCEF and updates CCA-U message, includes in the CCA-U message
The new PCC rule, so that the PCEF carries out charging and policy control according to the new PCC rule.
With reference to first aspect, in a third possible implementation of the first aspect, comprising using in the CCR-U message
Family information, the progress PCC strategic decision-making, comprising: according to the user information and signing information, PCC rule is obtained, according to matching
Confidence ceases to obtain session recovery instruction information, and the session restores instruction information and is used to indicate the PCEF holding or modifies original
Carrying and strategy；
The method also includes:
The standby PCRF sends CCA-U message to the PCEF, restores to indicate comprising the session in the CCA-U message
Information.
The third possible implementation with reference to first aspect, in the 4th kind of possible implementation of first aspect
In, when the session, which restores instruction information, is used to indicate the original carrying of the PCEF modification and strategy, in the CCA-U message
The PCC rule also obtained comprising the standby PCRF, after receiving the CCA-U message so as to the PCEF, deactivates all
Dedicated bearing, and original PCC rule on the PCC rule replacement default bearer obtained with the standby PCEF.
Second aspect provides a kind of session restoration methods, comprising:
PCEF determination needs session updates；
The PCEF sends CCR-U message to standby PCRF, so that the standby PCRF is according to the CCR-U message reproduction session
And carry out PCC strategic decision-making.
In conjunction with second aspect, in the first possible implementation of the second aspect, further includes:
The PCEF receives main PCRF and initially sets up process or IP-CAN session in IP connected reference network IP-CAN session
The original PCC rule sent in renewal process；
The PCEF sends CCR-U message to standby PCRF, so that the standby PCRF is according to the CCR-U message reproduction session
And carry out PCC strategic decision-making, comprising:
The PCEF sends CCR-U message to standby PCRF, comprising user information and described original in the CCR-U message
PCC rule, so that the standby PCRF rebuilds session according to the user information, and original PCC rule is determined as
PCC rule after PCC strategic decision-making, or PCC rule is obtained according to the user information and signing information.
In conjunction with the first possible implementation of second aspect, in second of possible implementation of second aspect
In, when the standby PCRF obtain the original PCC rule of PCC rule and the PCEF it is different when, the method also includes:
The PCEF receives the Credit Control Answer that the standby PCRF is sent and updates CCA-U message, in the CCA-U message
Charging and policy control are carried out comprising the PCC rule that the standby PCRF is obtained, and according to the PCC rule that the standby PCRF is obtained.
In conjunction with second aspect, in the third possible implementation of the second aspect, the PCEF is sent to standby PCRF
CCR-U message, so that the standby PCRF is according to the CCR-U message reproduction session and carries out PCC strategic decision-making, comprising:
The PCEF sends CCR-U message to standby PCRF, includes user information in the CCR-U message, so that described standby
PCRF rebuilds session according to the user information, and obtains PCC rule according to the user information and signing information, according to matching
Confidence ceases to obtain session recovery instruction information, and the session restores instruction information and is used to indicate the PCEF holding or modifies original
Carrying and strategy；
The method also includes:
The PCEF receives the CCA-U message that the standby PCRF is sent, and restores to indicate comprising session in the CCA-U message
Information.
In conjunction with the third possible implementation of second aspect, in the 4th kind of possible implementation of second aspect
In, when the session, which restores instruction information, is used to indicate the original carrying of the PCEF modification and strategy, in the CCA-U message
The PCC rule also obtained comprising the standby PCRF, the method also includes:
After the PCEF receives the CCA-U message, all dedicated bearers are deactivated, and obtained with the standby PCEF
PCC rule replacement default bearer on original PCC rule.
The third aspect provides a kind of session restorer, comprising:
Receiving module, for receiving the CCR-U message of PCEF transmission；
Processing module is used for according to the CCR-U message reproduction session, and carries out PCC strategic decision-making.
In conjunction with the third aspect, in the first possible implementation of the third aspect, comprising using in the CCR-U message
Family information and original PCC rule, original PCC rule is main PCRF initial in IP connected reference network IP-CAN session
It is sent to the PCEF during establishment process or IP-CAN session updates, the processing module is specifically used for:
Original PCC rule is determined as the PCC obtained after PCC strategic decision-making rule；Alternatively,
According to the user information and signing information, PCC rule is obtained.
In conjunction with the first possible implementation of the third aspect, in second of possible implementation of the third aspect
In, when the PCC rule that the standby PCRF is obtained is the new PCC rule different from original PCC rule, the equipment
Further include:
Sending module updates CCA-U message for sending Credit Control Answer to the PCEF, in the CCA-U message
Comprising the new PCC rule, so that the PCEF carries out charging and policy control according to the new PCC rule.
In conjunction with the third aspect, in the third possible implementation of the third aspect, comprising using in the CCR-U message
Family information, the processing module are specifically used for: according to the user information and signing information, obtaining PCC rule and session restores
Indicate information, the session restores instruction information and is used to indicate the PCEF holding or modifies original carrying and strategy；It is described to set
It is standby further include:
Sending module restores in the CCA-U message comprising the session for sending CCA-U message to the PCEF
Indicate information.
In conjunction with the third possible implementation of the third aspect, in the 4th kind of possible implementation of the third aspect
In, when the session, which restores instruction information, is used to indicate the original carrying of the PCEF modification and strategy, the sending module tool
Body is used for:
CCA-U message is sent to the PCEF, restores to indicate information and institute comprising the session in the CCA-U message
The PCC rule that standby PCRF is obtained is stated, after receiving the CCA-U message so as to the PCEF, deactivates all dedicated bearings,
And original PCC rule on default bearer is replaced with the PCC rule that the standby PCEF is obtained.
Fourth aspect provides a kind of session restorer, comprising:
Determining module needs session updates for determination；
Sending module, for sending CCR-U message to standby PCRF, so that the standby PCRF is according to the CCR-U message weight
It builds session and carries out PCC strategic decision-making.
In conjunction with fourth aspect, in the first possible implementation of the fourth aspect, further includes:
First receiving module, for receive main PCRF IP connected reference network IP-CAN session initially set up process or
The original PCC rule sent during IP-CAN session updates；
The sending module is specifically used for: Xiang Bei PCRF sends CCR-U message, believes in the CCR-U message comprising user
Breath and original PCC rule, so that the standby PCRF rebuilds session according to the user information, and will be described original
PCC rule is determined as the rule of the PCC after PCC strategic decision-making, or obtains PCC rule according to the user information and signing information
Then.
In conjunction with the first possible implementation of fourth aspect, in second of possible implementation of fourth aspect
In, when the standby PCRF obtain the original PCC rule of PCC rule and the PCEF it is different when, the equipment further include:
Third receiving module updates CCA-U message for receiving the Credit Control Answer that the standby PCRF is sent, described
The PCC rule obtained in CCA-U message comprising the standby PCRF, and charging is carried out according to the PCC rule that the standby PCRF is obtained
And policy control.
In conjunction with fourth aspect, in the third possible implementation of the fourth aspect, the sending module is specifically used for:
Send CCR-U message to standby PCRF, include user information in the CCR-U message so that the standby PCRF according to
The user information rebuilds session, and obtains PCC rule according to the user information and signing information, is obtained according to configuration information
Restore instruction information to session, the session restores instruction information and is used to indicate the PCEF holding or modifies original carrying and plan
Slightly；
The equipment further include:
4th receiving module includes meeting in the CCA-U message for receiving the CCA-U message of the standby PCRF transmission
Words restore instruction information.
In conjunction with the third possible implementation of fourth aspect, in the 4th kind of possible implementation of fourth aspect
In, when the session, which restores instruction information, is used to indicate the original carrying of the PCEF modification and strategy, in the CCA-U message
The PCC rule also obtained comprising the standby PCRF, the equipment further include:
Processing module deactivates all dedicated bearers after receiving the CCA-U message, and with described standby
Original PCC rule on PCC rule replacement default bearer that PCEF is obtained.
5th aspect, provides a kind of session recovery system, comprising:
PCEF, in determining transmission CCR-U message after needing session updates；
Standby PCRF, is used for according to the CCR-U message reproduction session, and carry out PCC strategic decision-making.
In conjunction with the 5th aspect, in the first possible implementation of the 5th aspect, the PCEF is specifically used for: true
Surely need to send after session updates CCR-U message, it is described comprising user information and original PCC rule in the CCR-U message
Original PCC rule is that main PCRF in IP connected reference network IP-CAN session initially sets up process or IP-CAN session updates mistake
The PCEF is sent in journey；
The standby PCRF is specifically used for: session is rebuild according to the user information, and, by original PCC rule
It is determined as the PCC obtained after PCC strategic decision-making rule；Alternatively, obtaining PCC rule according to the user information and signing information.
In conjunction with the first possible implementation of the 5th aspect, in second of possible implementation of the 5th aspect
In, when the PCC rule that the standby PCRF is obtained is regular different from original PCC, the standby PCRF is also used to: Xiang Suoshu
PCEF sends Credit Control Answer and updates CCA-U message, includes the new PCC rule in the CCA-U message, so that described
PCEF carries out charging and policy control according to the new PCC rule.
In conjunction with the 5th aspect, in the third possible implementation of the 5th aspect, the PCEF is specifically used for: true
Surely CCR-U message is sent after needing session updates, includes user information in the CCR-U message；
The standby PCRF is specifically used for: session is rebuild according to the user message, and, according to the user information and label
About information obtains PCC rule, obtains session according to configuration information and restores instruction information, the session restores instruction information and is used for
Indicate that the PCEF keeps or modify original carrying and strategy；And CCA-U message, the CCA-U message are sent to the PCEF
In comprising the session restore instruction information.
In conjunction with the third possible implementation of the 5th aspect, in the 4th kind of possible implementation of the 5th aspect
In, when the session, which restores instruction information, is used to indicate the original carrying of the PCEF modification and strategy, in the CCA-U message
The PCC rule also obtained comprising the standby PCRF, the PCEF are also used to: after receiving the CCA-U message, being deactivated all
Dedicated bearing, and original PCC rule on the PCC rule replacement default bearer obtained with the standby PCRF.
Through the above technical solutions, standby PCRF is according to the CCR-U message after PCEF sends CCR-U message to standby PCRF
It rebuilds session and carries out PCC strategic decision-making, do not need main PCRF and carry out warm back-up to standby PCRF in real time, signaling friendship can be reduced
Mutually, the signaling processing ability of standby PCRF is improved.
Detailed description of the invention
To describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, make required in being described below to embodiment
Attached drawing is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the invention, for this
For the those of ordinary skill of field, without any creative labor, it can also be obtained according to these attached drawings other
Attached drawing.
Fig. 1 is the flow diagram of one embodiment of session restoration methods of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the flow diagram of another embodiment of session restoration methods of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the flow diagram of another embodiment of session restoration methods of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the flow diagram of another embodiment of session restoration methods of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of session restorer of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of session restorer of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram that session restorer of the present invention unifies embodiment.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
A part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art
Every other embodiment obtained without making creative work, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is the flow diagram of one embodiment of session restoration methods of the present invention, and the executing subject of the present embodiment is standby
PCRF, the present embodiment include:
101: standby PCRF, which receives the credit control request that PCEF is sent, updates (Credit Control Request
Update, CCR-U) message, the CCR-U message is that the PCEF is sent after determination needs session updates；
102: the standby PCRF carries out PCC strategic decision-making according to the CCR-U message reproduction session.
Correspondingly, the process that PCEF is executed is as shown in Figure 2, comprising:
201:PCEF determination needs session updates；
202: the PCEF sends CCR-U message to standby PCRF, so that the standby PCRF is according to the CCR-U message reproduction
Session simultaneously carries out PCC strategic decision-making.
Wherein, PCEF, which is determined, needs the condition of session updates to may is that receiving access nets the IP-CAN session sent more
New request, alternatively, internal timer expiry etc..
Optionally, PCEF can be advised in the CCR-U message sent to standby PCRF comprising user information and original PCC
Then, after standby PCRF receives the CCR-U message, session can be rebuild according to user information, and, really by original PCC rule
It is set to standby PCRF and carries out the PCC rule after PCC strategic decision-making, alternatively, standby PCRF can also be according to user information and signing information
PCC rule is obtained, which can be identical or different with original PCC rule.Original PCC rule can be with
It is that main PCRF was established in IP connected reference network (IP-Connectivity Access Network, IP-CAN) conversation initial
PCEF is sent in journey, it, i.e., can also be with alternatively, original PCC rule is also possible to updated PCC rule on main PCRF
It is that main PCRF is sent to PCEF during IP-CAN session updates.The session of the embodiment of the present invention refers to IP-CAN session.
Corresponding, when the PCC rule that standby PCRF is obtained is identical as original PCC rule that PCEF is sent, standby PCRF can
Only to send response message, i.e. CCA-U message to PCEF, PCC rule can not be carried in the CCA-U message, PCEF is received
Charging and policy control are still carried out using original PCC rule when CCA-U message.When the PCC rule that standby PCRF is obtained with
When original PCC rule that PCEF is sent is different, standby PCRF, which is sent in the CCA-U message of PCEF, can carry new PCC rule
Then, PCEF according to the new PCC rule carries out charging and policy control later.
Optionally, original PCC rule can not also be sent to standby PCRF by PCEF, but standby PCRF disappears according to CCR-U
User information in breath rebuilds session, and carries out PCC strategic decision-making according to user information and signing information and obtain PCC rule,
And session is obtained according to configuration information and restores instruction information, which can be identical as the original PCC rule of PCEF or not
Together, signing information can be only fitted to PCRF locally or obtain from other equipment, and configuration information can be only fitted to the local PCRF.
Session restores instruction information and is used to indicate PCEF to the processing mode of original carrying and strategy, for example, keeping original carrying and plan
It is slightly constant, or deactivate dedicated bearing and deactivate the strategy of default bearer.Particular content may refer to subsequent embodiment.
The present embodiment after PCEF sends CCR-U message to standby PCRF, standby PCRF according to the CCR-U message reproduction session with
And PCC strategic decision-making is carried out, it does not need main PCRF and carries out warm back-up to standby PCRF in real time, Signalling exchange can be reduced, improved standby
The signaling processing ability of PCRF.
Fig. 3 is the flow diagram of another embodiment of session restoration methods of the present invention, comprising:
Between 301:PCEF and PCRF A link A activation and it is primary；
Between 302:PCEF and PCRF B link B activation and it is spare；
303: access net sends the request of IP-CAN session establishment to PCEF；
304:PCEF to PCRF A send credit control request it is initial (Credit Control Request Initial,
CCR-I) message, wherein carrying user information.
305:PCRF A establishes session, carries out PCC strategic decision-making.
306:PCRF A to PCEF send Credit Control Answer it is initial (Credit Control Answer Initial,
CCA-I) message, including PCC rule and trigger event (event-Trigger) list；
307:PCEF installs PCC rule, monitors trigger event；
PCC rule in 306 and 307 can be initial PCC rule.
308:PCEF is netted to access sends the response of IP-CAN session establishment；
So far, initially setting up for IP-CAN session is completed, the particular content of above-mentioned each step is referred to existing skill
Art.
Link A failure (link A down) between 309:PCEF and PCRF A；
Link B between 310:PCEF and PCRF B keeps activating and being switched to primary；
311: access net sends the request of IP-CAN session updates to PCEF；
312:PCEF sends CCR-U message to PCRF B, including user information and initial PCC rule.
The similar prior art, after link failure on main PCRF, the active link between PCRF and PCEF will be switched to
On standby PCRF.In the prior art, in order to guarantee the data consistency on active and standby PCRF, PCRF A not only reports to PCEF initial
Initial PCC rule can be also sent to standby PCRF, that is, need real-time warm back-up between active and standby PCRF by PCC rule.
Unlike the prior art, the present embodiment does not need real-time warm back-up between active and standby PCRF, that is, PCRF A can
Initial PCC rule is only sent to PCEF, PCRF B is no longer issued.And when needing to update IP-CAN session, by PCEF
Initial PCC rule is sent to PCRF B.
313:PCRF B rebuilds session, and carries out PCC strategic decision-making.
Wherein, PCRF B can judge whether to store corresponding session information according to the user information in CCR-U message,
If without corresponding session information session can be rebuild according to user information.The principle for specifically establishing session can be with
PCRF A is identical according to the principle that the user information in CCR-I message establishes session.
The PCC strategic decision-making that PCRF B is carried out may include: that the initial p CC rule that will include is determined as in CCR-U message
PCC rule on PCRF B；Alternatively, PCRF B carries out new PCC strategic decision-making according to user information and signing information, obtain
New PCC rule.The principle of specific PCC strategic decision-making can receive the PCC strategy carried out after CCR-I message with PCRF A
The principle of decision is identical.In addition, since PCRF B is taken in the user information and CCR-I that carry in CCR-U in more new technological process
The user information of band may be different, and therefore, the new PCC rule that PCRF B is obtained may be different from initial PCC rule.
When PCRF B uses initial PCC rule, it is ensured that the policy information of user is constant, to guarantee the industry of user
Business experience is constant.
314:PCRF B to PCEF send Credit Control Answer update (Credit Control Answer Update,
CCA-U) message.
Optionally, it if PCRF B is after PCC strategic decision-making, determines using initial PCC rule, then PCRF B can be with
CCA-U message only is fed back to PCEF, PCC rule is not carried in the CCA-U message, is only used as response message；PCEF receives this
It after CCA-U message, keeps original carrying and strategy constant, that is, continues to carry out charging and strategy using initial PCC rule
Control.Alternatively,
Optionally, if PCRF B is after PCC strategic decision-making, new PCC rule is determined, then PCRF B can will be new
PCC rule be sent to PCEF, PCEF carries out charging and policy control according to the new PCC rule.
315:PCEF is netted to access sends the response of IP-CAN session updates.
The present embodiment is by taking PCEF reports initial PCC rule to PCRF B as an example.It is understood that Gx failover
It can also happen that the scene that the PCC rule on PCEF has updated, rather than initial PCC rule, for example, PCEF with
More new technological process was had occurred and that between PCRF A, then, the PCC rule that PCEF is sent to PCRF B in 312 is exactly updated
PCC rule, that is, the original PCC rule of PCEF, later, the PCC rule that PCRF B is used can be original PCC rule
Then, or the new PCC rule obtained after new PCC strategic decision-making is carried out.
The present embodiment sends initial PCC rule to standby PCRF by PCEF, can be not need active and standby PCRF hot in real time
It backs up and realizes that the session on standby PCRF restores, to reduce signaling overheads.
Fig. 4 is the flow diagram of another embodiment of session restoration methods of the present invention, comprising:
Between 401:PCEF and PCRF A link A activation and it is primary；
Between 402:PCEF and PCRF B link B activation and it is spare；
403: access net sends the request of IP-CAN session establishment to PCEF；
404:PCEF sends CCR-I message to PCRF A, wherein carrying user information；
405:PCRF A establishes session, carries out PCC strategic decision-making；
406:PCRF A sends CCA-I, including PCC rule and trigger event (event-Trigger) list to PCEF；
407:PCEF installs PCC rule, monitors trigger event；
PCC rule in 406 and 407 can be initial PCC rule.
408:PCEF is netted to access sends the response of IP-CAN session establishment；
Link A failure (link A down) between 409:PCEF and PCRF A；
Link B between 410:PCEF and PCRF B keeps activating and is switched to primary (link B active)；
411: access net sends the request of IP-CAN session updates to PCEF；
The particular content of step 401~411 may refer to step 301~311, repeat no more.
412:PCEF sends CCR-U message, including user information to PCRF B.
Unlike a upper embodiment, the PCEF of the present embodiment does not need to send PCC rule to PCRF B, and by PCRF
B carries out decision.
413:PCRF B rebuilds session, and carries out PCC strategic decision-making；
Wherein, PCRF B can judge whether to store corresponding session information according to the user information in CCR-U message,
If without corresponding session information session can be rebuild according to user information.The principle for specifically establishing session can be with
PCRF A is identical according to the principle that the user information in CCR-I message establishes session.
The PCC strategic decision-making that PCRF B is carried out may include: that new PCC plan is carried out according to user information and signing information
Slightly decision obtains new PCC rule.It is laggard that the principle of specific PCC strategic decision-making can receive CCR-I message with PCRF A
The principle of capable PCC strategic decision-making is identical.In addition, since PCRF B is the user information that carries in CCR-U in more new technological process
May be different with the user information carried in CCR-I, therefore, the new PCC rule that PCRF B is obtained may with it is initial
PCC rule is different.
414:PCRF B sends CCA-U to PCEF, including session restores instruction information；
Session restores instruction information and is used to indicate to original carrying and tactful processing mode.
For example, the value that session restores instruction information can be such that
0:PCEF keeps original carrying and strategy constant, at this point, can only carry session in CCA-U message restores instruction letter
Breath does not carry PCC rule, and to indicate that PCEF keeps the PCC rule of current carrying and each carrying constant, such as PCEF is adopted
Charging and policy control are carried out with initial PCC rule.
1:PCEF deactivates all dedicated bearings, is the new of PCRF B determination by the policy replacement on default bearer
PCC rule.At this point, also needing to carry the new PCC rule that PCRF B is obtained in CCA-U message, replaced with the new PCC rule
Current strategies in the carrying of current default such as replace initial p CC rule.The secondary scene scene, can due to remaining default bearer
To guarantee that user does not go offline.
It should be understood that original PCC rule may be above-mentioned initial PCC rule on PCEF, it is also possible to update
PCC rule afterwards.
In addition, dedicated bearing is referred to as secondary packet data protocol (Packet Data with the difference of system
Protocol, PDP), default bearer is referred to as a PDP.
415:PCEF is netted to access sends the response of IP-CAN session updates.
The standby PCRF of the present embodiment can rebuild session and PCC strategic decision-making after receiving CCR-U message, can be not required to
It wants the real-time warm back-up of active and standby PCRF and realizes that the session on standby PCRF restores, to reduce Signalling exchange, improve standby PCRF signaling
Processing capacity.
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of session restorer of the present invention, which can be standby PCRF or position
In standby PCRF, which includes receiving module 51 and processing module 52；Receiving module 51 is used to receive PCEF transmission
CCR-U message, the CCR-U message are sent after the PCEF determination needs session updates；Processing module 52 is used for basis
The CCR-U message reproduction session, and carry out PCC strategic decision-making.
Optionally, comprising user information and original PCC rule in the CCR-U message, original PCC rule is
Main PCRF is sent to the PCEF, the processing mould during IP-CAN conversation initial establishment process or IP-CAN session updates
Block is specifically used for:
Original PCC rule is determined as the PCC obtained after PCC strategic decision-making rule；Alternatively,
According to the user information and signing information, PCC rule is obtained.
Optionally, when the PCC rule that the standby PCRF is obtained is regular different from original PCC, the equipment is also
Include:
Sending module includes the new PCC rule in the CCA-U message for sending CCA-U message to the PCEF
Then, so that the PCEF carries out charging and policy control according to the new PCC rule.
It optionally, include user information in the CCR-U message, the processing module is specifically used for: according to the user
Information and signing information obtain PCC rule, obtain session according to configuration information and restore instruction information, the session restores instruction
Information is used to indicate the PCEF and keeps or modify original carrying and strategy；The equipment further include:
Sending module restores in the CCA-U message comprising the session for sending CCA-U message to the PCEF
Indicate information.
Optionally, when the session, which restores instruction information, is used to indicate the original carrying of the PCEF modification and strategy, institute
Sending module is stated to be specifically used for:
CCA-U message is sent to the PCEF, restores to indicate information and institute comprising the session in the CCA-U message
The PCC rule that standby PCRF is obtained is stated, after receiving the CCA-U message so as to the PCEF, deactivates all dedicated bearings,
And original PCC rule on default bearer is replaced with the PCC rule that the standby PCEF is obtained.
The present embodiment after PCEF sends CCR-U message to standby PCRF, standby PCRF according to the CCR-U message reproduction session with
And PCC strategic decision-making is carried out, it does not need main PCRF and carries out warm back-up to standby PCRF in real time, Signalling exchange can be reduced, improved standby
The signaling processing ability of PCRF.
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of session restorer of the present invention, which can be PCEF or position
In PCEF, which includes determining module 61 and sending module 62；Determining module 61 needs session updates for determination；Hair
Send module 62 for sending CCR-U message to standby PCRF, so that the standby PCRF goes forward side by side according to the CCR-U message reproduction session
Row PCC strategic decision-making.
Optionally, the equipment further include:
First receiving module, for receiving main PCRF in IP-CAN conversation initial establishment process or IP-CAN session updates mistake
The original PCC rule sent in journey；
The sending module is specifically used for: Xiang Bei PCRF sends CCR-U message, believes in the CCR-U message comprising user
Breath and original PCC rule, so that the standby PCRF rebuilds session according to the user information, and will be described original
PCC rule is determined as the rule of the PCC after PCC strategic decision-making, or obtains PCC rule according to the user information and signing information
Then.
Optionally, when the standby PCRF obtain the original PCC rule of PCC rule and the PCEF it is different when, the equipment
Further include:
Second receiving module includes institute in the CCA-U message for receiving the CCA-U message of the standby PCRF transmission
The PCC rule that standby PCRF is obtained is stated, and charging and policy control are carried out according to the PCC rule that the standby PCRF is obtained.
Optionally, the sending module is specifically used for:
Send CCR-U message to standby PCRF, include user information in the CCR-U message so that the standby PCRF according to
The user information rebuilds session, and obtains PCC rule according to the user information and signing information, is obtained according to configuration information
Restore instruction information to session, the session restores instruction information and is used to indicate the PCEF holding or modifies original carrying and plan
Slightly；
The equipment further include:
Third receiving module includes meeting in the CCA-U message for receiving the CCA-U message of the standby PCRF transmission
Words restore instruction information.
Optionally, when the session, which restores instruction information, is used to indicate the original carrying of the PCEF modification and strategy, institute
State the PCC rule also obtained comprising the standby PCRF in CCA-U message, the equipment further include:
Processing module deactivates all dedicated bearers after receiving the CCA-U message, and with described standby
Original PCC rule on PCC rule replacement default bearer that PCEF is obtained.
The present embodiment after PCEF sends CCR-U message to standby PCRF, standby PCRF according to the CCR-U message reproduction session with
And PCC strategic decision-making is carried out, it does not need main PCRF and carries out warm back-up to standby PCRF in real time, Signalling exchange can be reduced, improved standby
The signaling processing ability of PCRF.
Fig. 7 is that session restorer of the present invention unifies the structural schematic diagram of embodiment, which includes PCEF 71 and standby
PCRF 72；PCEF 71 is in determining transmission CCR-U message after needing session updates；Standby PCRF 72 is used for according to
CCR-U message reproduction session, and carry out PCC strategic decision-making.
Optionally, the PCEF is specifically used for: in determining transmission CCR-U message after needing session updates, the CCR-U disappears
Comprising user information and original PCC rule in breath, original PCC rule is that main PCRF is established in IP-CAN conversation initial
The PCEF is sent to during process or IP-CAN session updates；
The standby PCRF is specifically used for: session is rebuild according to the user message, and, by original PCC rule
It is determined as the PCC obtained after PCC strategic decision-making rule；Alternatively, obtaining PCC rule according to the user information and signing information.
Optionally, when the PCC rule that the standby PCRF is obtained is regular different from original PCC, the standby PCRF
Be also used to: Xiang Suoshu PCEF sends CCA-U message, includes the new PCC rule in the CCA-U message, so that described
PCEF carries out charging and policy control according to the new PCC rule.
Optionally, the PCEF is specifically used for: sending after receiving the IP-CAN session updates request that access net is sent
CCR-U message includes user information in the CCR-U message；
The standby PCRF is specifically used for: session is rebuild according to the user message, and, according to the user information and label
About information obtains PCC rule, obtains session according to configuration information and restores instruction information, the session restores instruction information and is used for
Indicate that the PCEF keeps or modify original carrying and strategy；And CCA-U message, the CCA-U message are sent to the PCEF
In comprising the session restore instruction information.
Optionally, when the session, which restores instruction information, is used to indicate the original carrying of the PCEF modification and strategy, institute
The PCC rule also obtained comprising the standby PCRF in CCA-U message is stated, the PCEF is also used to: receiving the CCA-U message
Afterwards, the original PCC on PCC rule replacement default bearer for deactivating all dedicated bearings, and being obtained with the standby PCEF is advised
Then.
The present embodiment after PCEF sends CCR-U message to standby PCRF, standby PCRF according to the CCR-U message reproduction session with
And PCC strategic decision-making is carried out, it does not need main PCRF and carries out warm back-up to standby PCRF in real time, Signalling exchange can be reduced, improved standby
The signaling processing ability of PCRF.
It is apparent to those skilled in the art that for convenience and simplicity of description, only with above-mentioned each function
The division progress of module can according to need and for example, in practical application by above-mentioned function distribution by different function moulds
Block is completed, i.e., the internal structure of device is divided into different functional modules, to complete all or part of function described above
Energy.The specific work process of the system, apparatus, and unit of foregoing description, can be with reference to corresponding in preceding method embodiment
Journey, details are not described herein.
In several embodiments provided herein, it should be understood that disclosed system, device and method can be with
It realizes by another way.For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely exemplary, for example, the module or
The division of unit, only a kind of logical function partition, there may be another division manner in actual implementation, such as multiple units
Or component can be combined or can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.Another point, institute
Display or the mutual coupling, direct-coupling or communication connection discussed can be through some interfaces, device or unit
Indirect coupling or communication connection can be electrical property, mechanical or other forms.
The unit as illustrated by the separation member may or may not be physically separated, aobvious as unit
The component shown may or may not be physical unit, it can and it is in one place, or may be distributed over multiple
In network unit.It can select some or all of unit therein according to the actual needs to realize the mesh of this embodiment scheme
's.
It, can also be in addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the application can integrate in one processing unit
It is that each unit physically exists alone, can also be integrated in one unit with two or more units.Above-mentioned integrated list
Member both can take the form of hardware realization, can also realize in the form of software functional units.
If the integrated unit is realized in the form of SFU software functional unit and sells or use as independent product
When, it can store in a computer readable storage medium.Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the application is substantially
The all or part of the part that contributes to existing technology or the technical solution can be in the form of software products in other words
It embodies, which is stored in a storage medium, including some instructions are used so that a computer
It is each that equipment (can be personal computer, server or the network equipment etc.) or processor (processor) execute the application
The all or part of the steps of embodiment the method.And storage medium above-mentioned includes: USB flash disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory
(ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic or disk
Etc. the various media that can store program code.
The above, above embodiments are only to illustrate the technical solution of the application, rather than its limitations；Although referring to before
Embodiment is stated the application is described in detail, those skilled in the art should understand that: it still can be to preceding
Technical solution documented by each embodiment is stated to modify or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features；And these
It modifies or replaces, the spirit and scope of each embodiment technical solution of the application that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of session restoration methods characterized by comprising
Standby strategy receives the diameter credit control that strategy is sent with charging execution function entity PCEF with charging regulation function entity PCRF
Request updates CCR-U message, and the CCR-U message is that the PCEF is sent after determination needs session updates, the CCR-U
Comprising user information and original PCC rule in message, original PCC rule is that main PCRF is built in IP-CAN conversation initial
The PCEF is sent to during vertical process or IP connection network IP-CAN session updates；
The standby PCRF carries out strategy and charging control PCC strategic decision-making according to the CCR-U message reproduction session；
The progress PCC strategic decision-making, comprising: original PCC rule is determined as the PCC obtained after PCC strategic decision-making
Rule；Alternatively,
According to the user information and signing information, PCC rule is obtained.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein when the obtained PCC rule of the standby PCRF is and the original
When the different new PCC rule of some PCC rule, the method also includes:
The standby PCRF sends Credit Control Answer to the PCEF and updates CCA-U message, includes described in the CCA-U message
New PCC rule, so that the PCEF carries out charging and policy control according to the new PCC rule.
3. a kind of session restoration methods characterized by comprising
Strategy receives main PCRF with charging execution function entity PCEF and initially set up in IP connected reference network IP-CAN session
The original PCC rule sent during journey or IP-CAN session updates；
The PCEF determination needs session updates；
The PCEF sends credit control request with charging regulation function entity PCRF to standby strategy and updates CCR-U message, described
Comprising user information and original PCC rule in CCR-U message, so that the standby PCRF is according to the CCR-U message weight
It builds session and carries out strategy and charging control PCC strategic decision-making；The progress PCC decision includes: by original PCC rule
PCC rule after being determined as PCC strategic decision-making, or PCC rule is obtained according to the user information and signing information.
4. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, when the standby PCRF obtains PCC rule and PCEF original
When some PCC rule differences, the method also includes:
The PCEF receives the Credit Control Answer that the standby PCRF is sent and updates CCA-U message, includes in the CCA-U message
The PCC rule that the standby PCRF is obtained, and charging and policy control are carried out according to the PCC rule that the standby PCRF is obtained.
5. a kind of session restorer characterized by comprising
Receiving module disappears for receiving the credit control request update CCR-U that strategy is sent with charging execution function entity PCEF
Breath, the CCR-U message are that the PCEF is sent after determination needs session updates, include user in the CCR-U message
Information and original PCC rule, original PCC rule, which is main PCRF, establishes at the beginning of the IP connected reference network IP-CAN session
The PCEF is sent to during vertical process or IP-CAN session updates；
Processing module is used for according to the CCR-U message reproduction session, and is carried out credit control request and updated PCC strategic decision-making；
The progress PCC decision includes: that original PCC rule is determined as the PCC obtained after PCC strategic decision-making rule；Alternatively,
According to the user information and signing information, PCC rule is obtained.
6. equipment according to claim 5, which is characterized in that when the PCC rule that the standby PCRF is obtained is and the original
When the different new PCC rule of some PCC rule, the equipment further include:
Sending module updates CCA-U message for sending Credit Control Answer to the PCEF, includes in the CCA-U message
The new PCC rule, so that the PCEF carries out charging and policy control according to the new PCC rule.
7. a kind of session restorer characterized by comprising
First receiving module initially sets up process or IP-CAN in IP connected reference network IP-CAN session for receiving main PCRF
The original PCC rule sent during session updates；
Determining module needs session updates for determination；
Sending module updates CCR-U message for sending credit control request with charging regulation function entity PCRF to standby strategy,
Comprising user information and original PCC rule in the CCR-U message, so that the standby PCRF disappears according to the CCR-U
Breath rebuilds session and carries out strategy and charging control PCC strategic decision-making；The progress PCC decision includes: by original PCC
Rule is determined as the rule of the PCC after PCC strategic decision-making, or obtains PCC rule according to the user information and signing information.
8. equipment according to claim 7, which is characterized in that when the standby PCRF obtains PCC rule and PCEF original
When some PCC rule differences, the equipment further include:
Third receiving module updates CCA-U message, the CCA-U for receiving the Credit Control Answer that the standby PCRF is sent
The PCC rule obtained in message comprising the standby PCRF, and charging and strategy are carried out according to the PCC rule that the standby PCRF is obtained
Control.
9. a kind of session recovery system characterized by comprising
Strategy and charging execution function entity PCEF, for needing transmission credit control request after session updates to update determining
CCR-U message, comprising user information and original PCC rule in the CCR-U message, original PCC rule is main
PCRF is sent to described during IP connected reference network IP-CAN session initially sets up process or IP-CAN session updates
PCEF；
Standby strategy and charging regulation function entity PCRF are used to rebuild session according to the user information, and, it will be described original
PCC rule be determined as the PCC obtained after PCC strategic decision-making rule；Alternatively, being obtained according to the user information and signing information
To PCC rule.
10. system according to claim 9, which is characterized in that when the PCC rule that the standby PCRF is obtained with it is described original
PCC rule it is different when, the standby PCRF is also used to: Xiang Suoshu PCEF sends Credit Control Answer update CCA-U message, described
Comprising the new PCC rule in CCA-U message, so that the PCEF carries out charging and strategy according to the new PCC rule
Control.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811392511.7A CN109450655A (en) | 2012-12-06 | 2012-12-06 | Session restoration methods, equipment and system |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811392511.7A CN109450655A (en) | 2012-12-06 | 2012-12-06 | Session restoration methods, equipment and system |
| CN201280002811.4A CN104041090B (en) | 2012-12-06 | 2012-12-06 | Session restoration methods, equipment and system |
| PCT/CN2012/086034 WO2014086020A1 (en) | 2012-12-06 | 2012-12-06 | Session recovery method, device and system |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201280002811.4A Division CN104041090B (en) | 2012-12-06 | 2012-12-06 | Session restoration methods, equipment and system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109450655A true CN109450655A (en) | 2019-03-08 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811392511.7A Withdrawn CN109450655A (en) | 2012-12-06 | 2012-12-06 | Session restoration methods, equipment and system |
| CN201280002811.4A Active CN104041090B (en) | 2012-12-06 | 2012-12-06 | Session restoration methods, equipment and system |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201280002811.4A Active CN104041090B (en) | 2012-12-06 | 2012-12-06 | Session restoration methods, equipment and system |
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| EP (1) | EP2922317A4 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP6114835B2 (en) |
| CN (2) | CN109450655A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2014086020A1 (en) |
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| US10051063B2 (en) * | 2013-05-22 | 2018-08-14 | Nokia Solutions And Networks Oy | Mitigating backend signaling overload |
| CN109040991B (en) | 2017-06-12 | 2021-02-26 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method and apparatus for wireless communication |
| CN110650026A (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2020-01-03 | 中国电信股份有限公司 | Communication method, system, PGW and computer readable storage medium |
| CN110880981B (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2020-11-03 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Gx session exception handling method and device |
| US10999750B2 (en) * | 2019-05-09 | 2021-05-04 | T-Mobile Usa, Inc. | Early Gx/Rx session failure detection and response |
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| EP1708423A1 (en) * | 2005-03-29 | 2006-10-04 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Inter-domain context transfer using context tranfer managers |
| CN100546258C (en) * | 2007-07-24 | 2009-09-30 | 华为技术有限公司 | Implementation strategy and the methods, devices and systems that charge and control |
| CN101567793A (en) * | 2008-04-25 | 2009-10-28 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method, device and system for updating policy and charge control (PCC) rule |
| US8640188B2 (en) * | 2010-01-04 | 2014-01-28 | Tekelec, Inc. | Methods, systems, and computer readable media for providing group policy configuration in a communications network using a fake user |
| CN101677437B (en) * | 2008-09-18 | 2012-02-29 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method and system for implementing strategy and charge control under scene of multi-grouping data network |
| EP2543159B1 (en) * | 2010-03-02 | 2016-05-11 | Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson (publ) | High-available policy and charging-control in geographical redundancy pcrf configurations |
| US8824340B2 (en) * | 2010-04-14 | 2014-09-02 | Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) | Handling of policy and charging information and user profiles in a multisite communication's network |
| EP2617179A1 (en) * | 2010-09-17 | 2013-07-24 | Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (PUBL) | Method and apparatuses for policy control for current pdn connections in a network comprising a gw, an af and a pcrf |
| US9787544B2 (en) * | 2010-11-12 | 2017-10-10 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Installation and enforcement of dynamic and static PCC rules in tunneling scenarios |
| EP2664101B1 (en) * | 2011-01-10 | 2015-04-22 | Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (publ) | Recovery of a system for policy control and charging, said system having a redundancy of policy and charging rules function |
| US9860390B2 (en) * | 2011-08-10 | 2018-01-02 | Tekelec, Inc. | Methods, systems, and computer readable media for policy event record generation |
| CN102612011B (en) * | 2012-03-22 | 2017-12-29 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | The method and system that a kind of charging control strategy switches in real time |
| EP2896156B1 (en) * | 2012-09-17 | 2016-11-09 | Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson (publ) | High-availability, scalable policy and charging control systems, and methods therefor |
| CN102932769B (en) * | 2012-11-26 | 2015-11-25 | 华为技术有限公司 | Policy control method, entity and system |
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2012
- 2012-12-06 CN CN201811392511.7A patent/CN109450655A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2012-12-06 WO PCT/CN2012/086034 patent/WO2014086020A1/en active Application Filing
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| CN104041090B (en) | 2018-12-25 |
| EP2922317A4 (en) | 2015-11-11 |
| EP2922317A1 (en) | 2015-09-23 |
| US20150271275A1 (en) | 2015-09-24 |
| JP2016502356A (en) | 2016-01-21 |
| JP6114835B2 (en) | 2017-04-12 |
| CN104041090A (en) | 2014-09-10 |
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Application publication date: 20190308 |