CN109443919A - A kind of radial consolidation experimental rig and application method - Google Patents

A kind of radial consolidation experimental rig and application method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109443919A
CN109443919A CN201811394811.9A CN201811394811A CN109443919A CN 109443919 A CN109443919 A CN 109443919A CN 201811394811 A CN201811394811 A CN 201811394811A CN 109443919 A CN109443919 A CN 109443919A
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China
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upper cover
radial
consolidation
radial consolidation
block set
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘忠玉
张家超
崔鹏陆
夏洋洋
宁秉正
范智铖
张旭阳
朱新牧
魏建东
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Zhengzhou University
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Zhengzhou University
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/08Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0014Type of force applied
    • G01N2203/0016Tensile or compressive
    • G01N2203/0019Compressive

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
  • Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of radial consolidation experimental rig and application methods, belong to soil test technique field.It mainly include radial consolidation instrument, loading device, displacement meter, sensor for pore water pressure, the gentle computerized data acquisition system in day.Radial consolidation instrument is made of pedestal, block set, upper cover, permeable tube filler, rubber seal, permeable tube filler is placed in pedestal center, soil sample, pressure sensor fixed ring and upper cover are sequentially placed inside block set from bottom to up, block set side wall is provided with sensor for pore water pressure, and displacement meter, balance, sensor for pore water pressure are connected with computerized data acquisition system.Vertical load is applied to soil sample through upper cover by force transmission rack using loading device, makes its discharging consolidation.The present apparatus can preferably simulate the radial consolidation process of Sand-drained Ground, realize vertical deformation in consolidation process, at radial impervious surface pore pressure and displacement automatic measurement, and device production be simple and convenient to operate, can quickly, be accurately obtained the radial consolidation coefficient of the soil body.

Description

A kind of radial consolidation experimental rig and application method
Technical field
The present invention relates to centrifugal modeling research field, in particular to a kind of radial consolidation experimental rig.
Background technique
Southeastern coast and widely distributed the weak clay layer in area close to river, lake in China, since soft clay has There is the features such as low-permeability, high-compressibility, rheological characteristic and low bearing capacity, when this region carries out infrastructure, often will appear Foundation instability and settlement of foundation are difficult to the problems such as restraining for a long time.Therefore, it is held to meet this area's ground under built-loading acts on The requirement for carrying power and deformation, should in advance be handled subsoil, and sand drain concretion method is with handling such soft clay One of effective ways of base, this method can preferably accelerate the discharging consolidation process of Soft Clay Foundation, to reach raising ground Bearing capacity and the purpose for reducing settlement after construction.It is radial consolidation coefficient that it, which designs one of major parameter, generally need to be by difference Soil sample is calculated after carrying out consolidation test and the permeability test acquisition compressed coefficient and infiltration coefficient, is not to same soil sample Test is carried out to directly obtain.It can also obtain related design parameter by analysis indoor model test or live prototype experiment, but or Person's condition by construct, the factors such as place are influenced to be sometimes difficult to control, test result is unfavorable for promoting, and cost is larger. Therefore, radial consolidation parameter can directly be measured by needing a kind of laboratory testing rig that can preferably simulate sand drain consolidation, to Processing for sand drain consolidation theory and Sand-drained Ground provides reference frame.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solve the problems, such as above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art and, provide a kind of indoor diameter To consolidation apparatus experimental rig and application method.
A kind of radial consolidation experimental rig provided by the invention, mainly include radial consolidation instrument, loading device, displacement meter, Sensor for pore water pressure and computerized data acquisition system.It is characterized by: radial consolidation instrument is fixed by pedestal, block set, pressure sensor Ring, upper cover, permeable tube filler and rubber seal are constituted, wherein permeable tube filler is the inner cylinder and soil sample by having several through-holes The one side of contact is constituted embedded with filter paper and perforated metal thin slice, and filter paper is placed between perforated metal thin slice and inner cylinder, and permeable cylinder One section of permeable rest part surface that core is only contacted with soil sample is smooth waterproof, ensure that the water in soil sample only radially by arranging Water hole discharge, upper cover is annular in shape, is equipped with rubber seal fixing groove outside, is inside equipped with rubber seal fixing groove and catchments Slot, catch basin is communicated with upper cover gas vent and drainage hole, and drainage hole is connected with collection bottle, and collection bottle is placed on balance, and Pressure sensor is placed between upper cover and pressure sensor fixed ring;Radial consolidation instrument pedestal and block set are closely solid by bolt It is fixed, it covers and is symmetrically arranged with 2 sensor for pore water pressure at 1/3 position of seat spacing bottom, the one end contacted with soil sample has strainer and table Face is smooth, reduces friction and soil particle is avoided to block sensor for pore water pressure, and the top of block set is equipped with displacement meter fixed frame, and displacement meter, The gentle sensor for pore water pressure in pressure sensor, day is connected with computerized data acquisition system, realizes in consolidation process and vertically becomes The automatic measurement of pore pressure and displacement at shape, radial impervious surface.
Preferably, described 4 millimeters of permeable tube filler internal diameter, 10 millimeters of outer diameter, and only contacted with soil sample one section it is permeable remaining Part is waterproof, and inner cylinder barrel is equipped with several through-holes, and the perforated metal thin slice on surface is smooth, and in being tightly attached to filter paper On the other hand cylinder surface avoids soil particle from blocking permeable metal inner cylinder, and guarantee permeable cylinder on the one hand in order to reduce frictional force Radial deformation does not occur for core.
Preferably, the radial consolidation instrument pedestal, 70 millimeters of intermediate raised portion diameter, 10 millimeters of height, in order to solid Determine block set, is successively arranged rubber seal fixing groove, screw hole and screw hole, and 5 milli of diameter from inside to outside against convex portion 8 millimeters of screw holes of rice screw hole and diameter are also all internal thread hole, achieve the purpose that pedestal and block set airtight connection, and protrusion Part centre is equipped with lower drainage hole and the internal screw thread fixing groove for fixing permeable tube filler.
Preferably, what the pressure sensor fixed ring was contacted with upper cover is symmetrically arranged with 2 pressure sensor positioning on one side Slot, pressure sensor data line are drawn through upper cover, and exit, which is used, is equipped with sealing-plug, between upper cover and pressure sensor fixed ring There is a fixed gap, gap uses the closed filling of waterproof material in one week close to hub interior wall, prevents the hole in consolidation process in soil sample Along hub interior wall vertical seepage flow occurs for gap water, and gap flows into catch basin between upper cover and pressure sensor fixed ring.
Preferably, the pressure sensor is waterproofing pressure sensor, and precision is 0.01 thousand with sensor for pore water pressure Pa, accuracy of balance is 0.001 gram, to achieve the purpose that precise measurement.
Preferably, the radial consolidation instrument block set is cylindrical, inner wall smooth, and the equal band edge in top and the bottom, upper block set side is equipped with Internal screw thread screw hole and displacement meter fixed frame, lower block set edge are equipped with rubber seal fixing groove and internal screw thread screw hole, guarantee Pullover is completely embedded with pedestal, and radial deformation will not occur in consolidation process, wherein 70 millimeters of sleeve diameter, 100 milli of height Rice, 10 millimeters of wall thickness, 20 millimeters of top hem width, 10 millimeters of thickness, 10 millimeters of lower part hem width, 5 millimeters of thickness, 6 milli of tapped bore Rice.
Preferably, the loading device, is designed using lever principle, by force transmission rack through consolidation apparatus upper cover and pressure Sensor fixed ring applies vertical load to soil sample, guarantees soil sample top uniform force.
Preferably, the upper cover, block set, pedestal, screw rod, screw, nut, loading device and permeable tube filler, material are equal For stainless steel, pressure sensor fixed ring material is organic glass, and sample is not polluted by iron rust when guarantee test, also for increasing Add the service life of the device.
It compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages: can preferable simulation sand drain consolidation process;It is logical Over-voltage force snesor has measured soil sample top pressure;It is answered according to Barron under equal strained conditions and combines test data Available radial consolidation coefficient;Computerized data acquisition system real-time measurement is utilized during test, test data accurately may be used It leans on;Device production is simple, at low cost, easy to operate, and test process is simple, efficient, quick.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 the structural representation of present invention.
Fig. 2 radial consolidation instrument upper cover and pressure sensor fixed ring schematic cross-sectional view.
The permeable tube filler schematic diagram of Fig. 3 radial consolidation instrument.
Fig. 4 radial consolidation instrument sleeve schematic cross-sectional view.
Fig. 5 radial consolidation instrument pedestal schematic cross-sectional view.
Fig. 6 radial consolidation instrument upper cover schematic top plan view.
It is identified in figure: 1- fulcrumbracket;2- pedestal;3- screw;3a- block set lower screw hole;3b- base screw hole;4- rubber Glue sealing ring;Rubber seal fixing groove under 4a- block set;4b- pedestal rubber seal fixing groove;5- soil sample;Perforated metal is thin Piece;7- filter paper;8- inner cylinder;9- rubber pad;10- gas vent;11- gas vent valve;12- displacement meter fixed frame;13- displacement meter; Drainage hole under 14-;Drainage hole valve under 15-;16- block set;17- screw rod;Screw hole in 17a- block set;17b- pedestal screw hole; 18- sensor for pore water pressure;19- pressure sensor fixed ring;20- pressure sensor;21- upper cover;21a- upper cover internal diameter;On 21b- Lid outer diameter;22- upper cover outer diameter rubber seal;22a- upper cover internal diameter rubber seal;23- nut;24- sealing-plug;24a- is close Bung hole;The upper drainage hole of 25-;The upper drainage hole valve of 26-;27- upper cover groove;27a- upper cover groove connected pore channel;28- power transmission Frame;28a- upper cover connects force transmission rack groove;29- support rod;30- connecting hinge;31- scale pan;32- compression bar;33- computer data Acquisition system;34- collection bottle;35- balance;36- upper cover outside diameter seal circle fixing groove;37- upper cover inner diameter seal circle fixing groove; The permeable tube filler fixing groove of 38-.
Specific embodiment
The following is specific embodiments of the present invention, and is described in conjunction with technical solution of the attached drawing to invention, but this hair It is bright to be not limited to this embodiment.
Embodiment
The embodiment is by taking the radial consolidation test of 20 millimeters of saturation remodeling stickiness soil samples as an example, and experimental rig is referring to Fig. 1-Fig. 6. Experimental rig mainly includes radial consolidation instrument, sensor for pore water pressure 18, balance 35, loading device and computerized data acquisition system 33. The radial consolidation instrument is by pedestal 2, block set 16, pressure sensor fixed ring 19, upper cover 21, permeable tube filler, pedestal rubber seal Circle 4, upper cover outer diameter rubber seal 22, internal diameter rubber seal 22a and force transmission rack 28 are constituted, inside from the inside to the outside successively For permeable tube filler, soil sample 5 and block set 16, wherein permeable tube filler is one contacted by the inner cylinder with several through-holes with soil sample Face is constituted embedded with filter paper and perforated metal thin slice, and one section of permeable rest part surface light that permeable tube filler is only contacted with soil sample Cunning is waterproof, and block set 16 is equipped with sensor for pore water pressure 18, does not drain pore pressure at face for measuring soil sample;28 bottom of force transmission rack with it is upper 21 upper portion fixing groove of lid matches;16 lower part band edge of block set, and it is equipped with internal screw thread screw hole 3a, 2 intermediate projections of pedestal, both sides Equipped with drainage hole 15 under rubber seal fixing groove 4b, internal screw thread screw hole 3b and internal screw thread screw hole 17b and consolidation apparatus;Position It moves meter 13, sensor for pore water pressure 18 and balance 35 to read, passes through 33 real-tune TT & C of computerized data acquisition system;Loading device utilizes Lever principle designs, and applying vertical load to soil sample 5 through upper cover 21 by force transmission rack 28 using loading device arranges it radially Water consolidation measures the displacement in consolidation process in soil sample by the balance connecting with computer acquisition system.
Test process is as follows:
Step 1: preparing 1 70 millimeters of diameter, the stainless steel cutting ring of 20 millimeters of height, inner surface smears one layer of vaseline;
Step 2: taking solid soil sample with ready cutting ring, be then evacuated saturation in saturation bucket, be first evacuated 1 hour, water filling It is taken out after impregnating 24 hours, then takes diameter 10mm cylinder to obtain annulus with micro metal fluted drill positive alignment cutting ring centre drill Column soil sample 5;
Step 3: the threaded permeable tube filler in bottom is slowly tightened in 2 center fixing groove 34 of radial consolidation instrument pedestal, then in diameter One layer of silicone grease is applied to consolidation apparatus hub interior wall to pacify on pedestal 2 for reducing the frictional force between 16 inner wall of soil sample 5 and block set Block set 16 is put, keeps pedestal rubber seal 4 corresponding with block set rubber seal retention grooves 4b, then is inserted into screw hole with by screw 3 3a tightens and guarantees radial consolidation instrument pedestal 2 and 16 airtight connection of block set, is then put into cyclic annular filter paper simultaneously into 16 bottom of block set Topping-up, and check pedestal connect with block set whether leak;
Step 4: cutting ring being directed at 16 mouthfuls of radial consolidation instrument sleeve, positive alignment permeable tube filler in cutting ring center opens radial consolidation instrument The valve 15 of lower drainage hole 14 slides into cylinder hollow soil sample 5 freely in radial consolidation instrument block set 16,16 inner air of block set It will be extruded, soil sample 5 closes valve 15 after reaching 16 bottom of block set, then the topped up with water in sleeve, in 5 upper surface of soil sample It is sequentially placed into the pressure sensor fixed ring 19 of one layer of cyclic annular 5 millimeters of filter paper and 69 millimeters thick of outer diameter, pressure sensor 20 is set In in 19 intermediate groove of pressure sensor fixed ring, then filled out close to one week of hub interior wall with waterproof material is closed in gap It fills, prevents the pore water in consolidation process in soil sample from vertical seepage flow occurs along hub interior wall;
Step 5: rubber seal 22 being placed in the rubber seal fixing groove 36 of upper cover outer diameter, rubber seal 22a is placed in In the rubber seal fixing groove 37 of upper cover internal diameter, edge applies one layer of silicone grease, on the one hand reduces frictional force, on the one hand increases close The upper cover 21 of 20 millimeters of 70 millimeters thick of diameter with rubber seal is then slowly filled in 5 upper surface of soil sample by closing property, on There is a fixed gap between lid and pressure sensor fixed ring 19, gap is filled out for one week close to hub interior wall with waterproof material is closed It fills;
Step 6: and then screw rod 17 is inserted into screw hole 17a tightening nuts 20, make radial consolidation instrument Integral sealing, opens radial The valve 11 of consolidation apparatus gas vent 10 is filled the water with syringe from gas vent 10, and air is from drainpipe 25 in radial consolidation instrument Valve 10 is closed after interior discharge;
Step 7: installation displacement meter 13, sensor for pore water pressure 18 and balance 35, by computerized data acquisition system 33 to displacement meter 13, sensor for pore water pressure 18, balance 35 are debugged, and start to load after debugging, for loading 100kPa;
Step 8: reading the sedimentation deformation S (t) that can obtain soil sample by displacement meter 13, can be obtained by sensor for pore water pressure 18 The dissipation situation for not draining face pressure U to soil sample, the displacement Q in available consolidation process is read by balance 35.
Step 9: the answer of sand drain radial consolidation problem under the equal strained conditions provided according to Barron, radial average consolidation Spend UrAre as follows:
In formula: n is drain spacing ratio, is herein ratio=70/10 of soil sample outer diameter and permeable tube filler outer diameter;CvhFor radial consolidation system Number;deFor permeable tube filler outer diameter;T is the time;
And according in linear elasticity consolidation theory we have:
In formula: UsFor Settlement Consolidation degree;StFor t moment soil sample settling amount;SFor settlement stability value;
Settling amount S is measured by step 8tWith Stable valueofsubsidence SAfterwards, U can be calculated in applying equation (4)r, can by formula (1) To obtain Th(function that F (n) is drain spacing ratio n), and then radial consolidation coefficient C can be calculated in we according to formula (3)vh
The description of above-mentioned specific embodiment is merely to illustrate the present invention, rather than the rights protection that limitation is of the invention Range.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of radial consolidation experimental rig mainly includes radial consolidation instrument, loading device, displacement meter, sensor for pore water pressure and electricity Brain data collection system, it is characterised in that: radial consolidation instrument is by pedestal, block set, pressure sensor fixed ring, upper cover, permeable cylinder Core and rubber seal are constituted, and wherein inner cylinder barrel is equipped with several through-holes, and the one side contacted with soil sample is embedded with filter paper and band Mesoporous metal thin slice, three constitutes permeable tube filler, and one section of permeable rest part surface that permeable tube filler is only contacted with soil sample is smooth Waterproof, upper cover is annular in shape, is equipped with rubber seal fixing groove outside, is inside equipped with rubber seal fixing groove and catch basin, Catch basin is communicated with upper cover gas vent and drainage hole, and drainage hole is connected with collection bottle, and collection bottle is placed on balance, and pressure Sensor is placed between upper cover and pressure sensor fixed ring;Radial consolidation instrument pedestal and block set are tightly fastened by bolt, set 2 sensor for pore water pressure are symmetrically arranged at 1/3 position of seat spacing bottom, the one end contacted with soil sample has strainer and surface is smooth, The top of block set is equipped with displacement meter fixed frame, and the gentle sensor for pore water pressure in displacement meter, pressure sensor, day is adopted with computer data Collecting system is connected.
2. a kind of radial consolidation experimental rig as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the permeable tube filler only connects with soil sample One section of permeable rest part of touching is waterproof, and the perforated metal thin slice on surface is smooth, and is tightly attached to inner cylindrical surface, inner cylinder with filter paper Barrel is equipped with several through-holes.
3. a kind of radial consolidation experimental rig as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: among the radial consolidation instrument pedestal Protrusion is successively arranged rubber seal fixing groove, screw hole and screw hole, and screw hole and spiral shell against convex portion from inside to outside Rod aperture is also all internal thread hole, and convex portion centre is equipped with lower drainage hole and permeable tube filler internal screw thread fixing groove.
4. a kind of radial consolidation experimental rig as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the pressure sensor fixed ring with Upper cover contact is symmetrically arranged with 2 pressure sensor locating slots on one side, and pressure sensor data line is drawn through upper cover, and exit is used Equipped with sealing-plug, there is a fixed gap between upper cover and pressure sensor fixed ring, waterproof is used in one week close to hub interior wall in gap The closed filling of material.
5. a kind of radial consolidation experimental rig as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the pressure sensor is anti-hydraulic pressure Force snesor, precision are 0.01 kPa with sensor for pore water pressure, and accuracy of balance is 0.001 gram.
6. a kind of radial consolidation experimental rig as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the radial consolidation instrument block set is in circle Tubular, the equal band edge in top and the bottom, upper block set side are equipped with internal screw thread screw hole and displacement meter fixed frame, and it is close that lower block set edge is equipped with rubber Seal fixing groove and internal screw thread screw hole.
7. a kind of radial consolidation experimental rig as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the radial consolidation instrument upper cover is ring Shape hollow top cover, is equipped with groove, gas vent, drainage hole, rubber seal fixing groove in upper cover internal diameter, smooth non-threaded in hole, Upper cover outer diameter is equipped with rubber seal fixing groove.
8. a kind of radial consolidation experimental rig as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the loading device utilizes lever Principle designs, and by force transmission rack through consolidation apparatus upper cover and pressure sensor fixed ring, applies vertical load to soil sample.
9. a kind of radial consolidation experimental rig as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the displacement meter, sensor for pore water pressure All it is connected with computer with balance, by computerized data acquisition system to test data real-time measurement.
10. a kind of radial consolidation experimental rig as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the upper cover, block set, pedestal, spiral shell Bar, screw, nut, loading device, inner cylinder, perforated metal thin slice, material are stainless steel, pressure sensor fixed ring material For organic glass.
CN201811394811.9A 2018-11-21 2018-11-21 A kind of radial consolidation experimental rig and application method Pending CN109443919A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114113543A (en) * 2021-11-26 2022-03-01 临沂会宝岭铁矿有限公司 Test device and test method for measuring lateral pressure coefficient of tailing filling body

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20020017716A (en) * 2000-08-31 2002-03-07 정충기 Equipment for CRS Consolidation Test
CN104502562A (en) * 2014-11-25 2015-04-08 宁波大学 Vertical well drainage consolidation soft foundation processing model test device and test method
CN105486840A (en) * 2015-12-28 2016-04-13 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 Solidification and permeation combined experimental device
CN107436140A (en) * 2017-07-22 2017-12-05 浙江大学 The settling column test instrument and test method that vacuum preloading and piling prepressing are combined
CN209167011U (en) * 2018-11-21 2019-07-26 郑州大学 A kind of radial consolidation experimental rig

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20020017716A (en) * 2000-08-31 2002-03-07 정충기 Equipment for CRS Consolidation Test
CN104502562A (en) * 2014-11-25 2015-04-08 宁波大学 Vertical well drainage consolidation soft foundation processing model test device and test method
CN105486840A (en) * 2015-12-28 2016-04-13 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 Solidification and permeation combined experimental device
CN107436140A (en) * 2017-07-22 2017-12-05 浙江大学 The settling column test instrument and test method that vacuum preloading and piling prepressing are combined
CN209167011U (en) * 2018-11-21 2019-07-26 郑州大学 A kind of radial consolidation experimental rig

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114113543A (en) * 2021-11-26 2022-03-01 临沂会宝岭铁矿有限公司 Test device and test method for measuring lateral pressure coefficient of tailing filling body

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