CN109443918A - A kind of full working scope flexible pipe line rigidity automatic detection device - Google Patents
A kind of full working scope flexible pipe line rigidity automatic detection device Download PDFInfo
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- CN109443918A CN109443918A CN201811298170.7A CN201811298170A CN109443918A CN 109443918 A CN109443918 A CN 109443918A CN 201811298170 A CN201811298170 A CN 201811298170A CN 109443918 A CN109443918 A CN 109443918A
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- flexible pipe
- pipe line
- testing agency
- detection device
- bending
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/20—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady bending forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/22—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady torsional forces
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/026—Specifications of the specimen
- G01N2203/0262—Shape of the specimen
- G01N2203/0278—Thin specimens
- G01N2203/028—One dimensional, e.g. filaments, wires, ropes or cables
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of full working scope flexible pipe line rigidity automatic detection devices, it is related to flexible pipe line detection device technology field, to solve the bending existing in the prior art for needing to measure flexible pipe line respectively by different detection devices, torsion, the parameters such as stretching, the occupied space of equipment is big, the degree of automation is low, under efficiency, accuracy is low, and when pipeline is in low temperature, there are under the complex environments such as pressure inside high temperature and pipeline, the existing immeasurable technical problem of equipment, the device includes test-bed, control computer, and it is set to the bending stiffness testing agency on test-bed, torsion stiffness testing agency and tensible rigidity testing agency, control computer is for controlling bending stiffness testing agency, torsion stiffness testing agency and tensible rigidity testing agency, the present invention is for improving flexible pipe line certainly The degree of automation of motion detection device and the precise and high efficiency of measurement parameter.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to flexible pipe line detection device technology fields, certainly more particularly, to a kind of full working scope flexible pipe line rigidity
Motion detection device.
Background technique
Flexible wire, cable and pipeline are the important components in the industrial products such as automobile, aviation, ship.Flexible pipe
For line in arrangement, arrangement space is narrow, often is faced with the adverse circumstances such as high temperature, high pressure, so arrangement requires pipeline and surrounding ring
Border part includes at least following technical problem apart from strict control, flexible pipe line detection device used at present:
1. needing to measure the parameters such as the bending, torsion, stretching of flexible pipe line respectively by different detection devices, then pass through
Computer does corresponding calculating, and the occupied space of equipment is big, and the degree of automation is low, and then causes under the efficiency measured, and
Accuracy is low.
2. existing equipment can only detect the parameter under room temperature, exist when pipeline is in inside low temperature, high temperature and pipeline
Under the complex environments such as pressure, it is not capable of measuring then using existing equipment.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide full working scope flexible pipe line rigidity automatic detection devices, to solve to deposit in the prior art
Flexible pipe line detection when, need to measure respectively by different detection devices bending, torsion, stretching of flexible pipe line etc. ginseng
Number, then corresponding calculating is done by computer, the occupied space of equipment is big, and the degree of automation is low, and then leads to the effect of measurement
Under rate, and accuracy is low, and when pipeline is in inside low temperature, high temperature and pipeline there are under the complex environments such as pressure,
The existing immeasurable technical problem of equipment.Optimal technical scheme in many technical solutions provided by the invention can be generated
The elaboration as detailed below of many technical effects.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides following technical schemes:
A kind of full working scope flexible pipe line rigidity automatic detection device provided by the invention, including test-bed, control calculate
Machine and the bending stiffness testing agency being set on the test-bed, torsion stiffness testing agency and tensible rigidity detection
Mechanism, the control computer is for controlling the bending stiffness testing agency, the torsion stiffness testing agency and the drawing
Stretch stiffness excitations mechanism.
It preferably, further include environmental cabinet, the environmental cabinet is set on the test-bed, and flexible pipe line is placed in the ring
In the case of border.
Preferably, the bending stiffness testing agency includes:
Bending load;
Bending load compression bar is connected to the bottom of the bending load;
Piece is measured, is set on the bending load compression bar;
Bent support frame provides two o'clock support for placing flexible pipe line, and for flexible pipe line;
Power sensitive sensor is set between the bending load and bending load compression bar, and count with the control
Calculation machine connection, for measuring bending loading force;
Displacement sensor is set on test-bed, and is connect with the control computer, for measuring displacement sensor
End to measurement the distance between piece.
Preferably, it is additionally provided on the test-bed:
Clamp assemblies, the clamp assemblies include chuck and scroll chuck, the chuck and the three-jaw card
Disk is respectively used to the two sides of clamping flexible pipe line;
Belt wheel group is fixed on the test-bed, passes through synchronous band connection with the belt wheel on the flexible pipe line.
Preferably, the torsion stiffness testing agency includes: to reverse loading motor, torque sensor and angular transducer,
Wherein,
The torsion loading motor is connect with the chuck;
The angular transducer is set in the belt wheel group, and the angular transducer is connect with the control computer;
The torque sensor is set to the side of the scroll chuck, the torque sensor and the control computer
Connection.
Preferably, the tensible rigidity testing agency includes: tensile loads component and extensometer, the tensile loads component
It is connect with the chuck, the extensometer is mounted on the belt wheel on the flexible pipe line.
It preferably, further include temperature control equipment, the temperature control equipment includes temperature-controlled cabinet, for controlling environment
Temperature in case.
Preferably, the temperature control equipment further includes heating wire and liquid nitrogen container, and the heating wire is set to the environment
In case, valve is provided on the liquid nitrogen container, the temperature-controlled cabinet controls the heating wire and the valve.
It preferably, further include pressure-regulating device, the pressure-regulating device includes air pump, for adjusting in the pipeline
The air pressure in portion.
Preferably, the inside of the flexible pipe line is equipped with liquid or gaseous medium.
Full working scope flexible pipe line rigidity automatic detection device provided by the invention loads flexible pipe line in test-bed
On, apply pressure, torsion, drag load respectively, measures bending displacement, section torsion angle, stretcher strain data, pass through computer
Bending, torsion, tensible rigidity numerical value are calculated, bending, torsion, tensible rigidity detection device are integrated in identical platform, reduce
The occupied space of equipment measures test specimen convenient and fast loading, obtains bending, torsion of the flexible pipe line under real operating environments
With tensible rigidity parameter, dynamic simulation for flexible pipe line space layout.The device is controlled by computer, executes parameter automatically
Load, data acquisition and the parameter of detection calculate, and device measurement accuracy is high, and parameter measurement is efficiently, accurately.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with
It obtains other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the bending stiffness testing agency of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the torsion stiffness testing agency of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the tensible rigidity testing agency of one embodiment of the invention.
In figure: 1, bending stiffness testing agency;2, torsion stiffness testing agency;3, tensible rigidity testing agency;5, air pump;
6, clamp assemblies;7, environmental cabinet;8, belt wheel group;9, test-bed;10, computer is controlled;11, bending load;12, bending load
Compression bar;13, piece is measured;14, bent support frame;15, power sensitive sensor;16, displacement sensor;17, flexible pipe line;18, band
Wheel;21, loading motor is reversed;22, torque sensor;23, angular transducer;31, tensile loads component;32, extensometer;41,
Temperature-controlled cabinet;42, liquid nitrogen container;61, chuck;62, scroll chuck.
Specific embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, technical solution of the present invention will be carried out below
Detailed description.Obviously, described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Base
Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained all without making creative work
Other embodiment belongs to the range that the present invention is protected.
The present invention provides a kind of full working scope flexible pipe line rigidity automatic detection device, Fig. 1 is that the structure of the present embodiment is shown
It is intended to, as shown in Figure 1, including test-bed 9, control computer 10 and the bending stiffness detection being set on test-bed 9
Mechanism 1, torsion stiffness testing agency 2 and tensible rigidity testing agency 3, control computer 10 is for controlling bending stiffness detection machine
Structure 1, torsion stiffness testing agency 2 and tensible rigidity testing agency 3.
By flexible pipe line load on test-bed, apply pressure, torsion, drag load respectively, measurement bending displacement is cut
Face torsion angle, stretcher strain data calculate bending, torsion, tensible rigidity numerical value by computer, and bending, stretches just torsion
Degree detection device is integrated in identical platform, reduces the occupied space of equipment, measures test specimen convenient and fast loading, obtains flexible
Bending, torsion and tensible rigidity parameter of the pipeline under real operating environments, the dynamic simulation for flexible pipe line space layout.
The device is controlled by computer, and the automatic load for executing parameter detecting, data acquisition and parameter calculate.The device measurement accuracy
Height has good human-computer interaction interface, and parameter measurement is efficiently, accurately
Optionally embodiment further includes environmental cabinet 7, and environmental cabinet 7 is set on test-bed 9, flexible pipe line 17
It is placed in environmental cabinet 7, environmental cabinet 7 is used to simulate the actual working environment of flexible pipe line 17, such as temperature environment, pressure environment
Deng.
Optionally embodiment, Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the bending stiffness testing agency of embodiment, such as Fig. 2 institute
Show, bending stiffness testing agency 1 includes: bending load 11;Bending load compression bar 12, is connected to the bottom of bending load 11;It surveys
Piece 13 is measured, is set on bending load compression bar 12;Bent support frame 14 for placing flexible pipe line 17, and is flexible pipe line
17 provide two o'clock support;Power sensitive sensor 15 is set between bending load 11 and bending load compression bar 12, and count with control
Calculation machine 10 connects, and for measuring bending loading force, displacement sensor 16 is set on test-bed 9, and with control computer 10
Connection, for measuring the end of displacement sensor 16 to measuring the distance between piece 13.
When being detected by bending stiffness parameter of the bending stiffness testing agency 1 to flexible pipe line 17, by flexible pipe line
17 are placed on bent support frame 14, at this point, flexible pipe line is two o'clock support, please refer to Fig. 2.11 driving bending of bending load adds
It carries compression bar 12 and is pressed downward flexible pipe line 17, power sensitive sensor 15 measures bending loading force, and displacement sensor 16 is fixed on test
On rack 9, measurement piece 13 is mounted on bending load compression bar 12, and displacement sensor 16 measures 16 end of displacement sensor and measurement
The distance between piece 13, control computer 10 calculate flexible according to the data for measuring resulting bending loading force and displacement sensor
The bend stiffness of pipeline 17.
If 17 actual working environment of flexible pipe line is high temperature or low temperature, need to open temperature when carrying out bending stiffness measurement
Control cabinet 41 is spent, the heating wire that temperature-controlled cabinet 41 can control in environmental cabinet 7 when high temperature is heated, temperature-controlled cabinet when low temperature
41 valves that can open liquid nitrogen container 42 freeze, and when environmental cabinet 7 is maintained at some temperature value, then carry out bending stiffness inspection again
It surveys.
If 17 actual working environment of flexible pipe line is high pressure, it is right to need to open air pump 5 when carrying out bending stiffness measurement
Flexible pipe line 17 pressurizes, and carries out bending stiffness detection again when the volume pressure gauge of air pump 5 reaches setup pressure value.
Optionally embodiment is additionally provided on test-bed 9: clamp assemblies 6, and clamp assemblies 6 include four paws card
Disk 61 and scroll chuck 62, chuck 61 and scroll chuck 62 are respectively arranged at the two sides of environmental cabinet 7;Clamp assemblies 6 are set,
And the chuck 61 and scroll chuck 62 of clamp assemblies 6 are located at the two sides of environmental cabinet 7, it is convenient from the flexible pipe to be detected
The both ends of line 17 clamp flexible pipe line 17, wherein the cental axial position of chuck 61 is adjustable, can facilitate two chucks of compensation
Concentricity tolerance, and the caliber size that chuck 61 can clamp is bigger, the pipe being relatively large in diameter can be using outside chuck 61
Clamping, the mounting means clamped in scroll chuck 62, when needing using torsion stiffness testing agency 2 and tensible rigidity testing agency
When the torsion stiffness and tensible rigidity of 3 pairs of flexible pipe lines 17 detect, need using clamp assemblies 6, guarantee need using
When clamp assemblies 6 clamp flexible pipe line 17, flexible pipe line 17 keeps nature to stretch.
Belt wheel group 8 is fixed on test-bed 9, with the belt wheel 18 on flexible pipe line 17 by synchronous band connection, works as needs
The torsion stiffness and tensible rigidity of flexible pipe line 17 are carried out using torsion stiffness testing agency 2 and tensible rigidity testing agency 3
It is needed when detection using the belt wheel 18 in belt wheel group 8 and flexible pipe line 17.
Optionally embodiment, Fig. 3 are the torsion stiffness testing agency and tensible rigidity testing agency of the present embodiment
Structural schematic diagram, as shown in figure 3, torsion stiffness testing agency 2 includes: torsion loading motor 21, torque sensor 22 and angle
Spend sensor 23, wherein torsion loading motor 21 is connect with chuck 61;Angular transducer 23 is set in belt wheel group 8, angle
Degree sensor 23 is connect with control computer 10;Torque sensor 22 is set to the side of scroll chuck 62, torque sensor 22
It is connect with control computer 10.
When being detected by torsion stiffness parameter of the torsion stiffness testing agency 2 to flexible pipe line 17, using being fixed on
Belt wheel group 8 on test-bed 9, at this point, the belt wheel 18 on flexible pipe line 17 connects belt wheel group 8, two belt wheels by synchronous belt
18 spacing and specification are identical as the belt wheel group 8 being fixed on test-bed 9, and two synchronous belts connect this two groups of belt wheels, flexible
17 both ends of pipeline are clamped by chuck 61 and scroll chuck 62 respectively, and flexible pipe line keeps nature to stretch.Reverse loading motor
21 driving chucks 61 rotate, and chuck 61 drives the rotation of 17 one end of flexible pipe line, and scroll chuck 62 is by flexible pipe line 17
The other end fix, flexible pipe line 17 drives the belt wheel 18 that is connected on flexible pipe line 17 to rotate in torsion, and transmission belt will revolve
Turn power to be transmitted in the belt wheel group 8 being fixed on bracket, the angular transducer 23 being connected with two belt wheels 18 records rotation
Angle value, torque sensor 22 record torsional moment, control computer 10 according to torsional moment and the number of angular transducer 23
According to the torsion stiffness value for calculating flexible pipe line 17.
If the flexible pipe line actual working environment is high temperature or low temperature, need to open when carrying out torsion stiffness measurement
Temperature-controlled cabinet 41, the heating wire that temperature-controlled cabinet 41 can be opened in environmental cabinet 7 when high temperature are heated, and temperature controls when low temperature
Case 41 can open liquid nitrogen tank valve and freeze, and the valve for opening liquid nitrogen container 42 freezes, when environmental cabinet 7 is maintained at some temperature
Then angle value carries out torsion stiffness detection again.
If 17 actual working environment of flexible pipe line is high pressure, it is right to need to open air pump 5 when carrying out bending stiffness measurement
Flexible pipe line 17 pressurizes, and carries out torsion stiffness detection again when the volume pressure gauge of air pump 5 reaches setup pressure value.
Optionally embodiment, Fig. 4 are the structural schematic diagram of the tensible rigidity testing agency of the present embodiment, such as Fig. 4
Shown, tensible rigidity testing agency 3 includes: tensile loads component 31 and extensometer 32, tensile loads component 31 and chuck
61 connections, extensometer 32 is mounted on the belt wheel 18 on flexible pipe line 17, at this point, the belt wheel 18 on flexible pipe line 17 passes through synchronization
Band connection belt wheel group 8, two 18 spacing of belt wheel and specification are identical as the belt wheel group 8 being fixed on test-bed 9, two synchronous belts
By this two groups of belt wheel connections.Extensometer 32 is installed, 17 both ends of flexible pipe line are respectively by chuck 61 and three on two belt wheels 18
Dog chuck 62 accommodates, and flexible pipe line 17 keeps nature to stretch.The driving of tensile loads component 31 torsion loading motor 21 and four paws card
Disk 61 is moved to side, and the left end of flexible pipe line 17 is driven to be moved to the left, and scroll chuck 62 is static, and the measurement of extensometer 32 at this time is drawn
Deformation is stretched, control computer 10 calculates flexible pipe line tensible rigidity according to drawing force and stretcher strain.
If the flexible pipe line actual working environment is high temperature or low temperature, need to open when carrying out tensible rigidity measurement
Temperature-controlled cabinet 41, the heating wire that temperature-controlled cabinet 41 can be opened in environmental cabinet 7 when high temperature are heated, and temperature controls when low temperature
Case 41 can open liquid nitrogen tank valve and freeze, and the valve for opening liquid nitrogen container 42 freezes, when environmental cabinet 7 is maintained at some temperature
Then angle value carries out tensible rigidity detection again.
If 17 actual working environment of flexible pipe line is high pressure, it is right to need to open air pump 5 when carrying out bending stiffness measurement
Flexible pipe line 17 pressurizes, and carries out tensible rigidity detection again when the volume pressure gauge of air pump 5 reaches setup pressure value.
Optionally embodiment further includes temperature control equipment, and temperature control equipment includes temperature-controlled cabinet 41, is used
Temperature in control environmental cabinet, specifically, temperature control equipment further includes heating wire and liquid nitrogen container 42, and heating wire is set to ring
In border case 7, valve is provided on liquid nitrogen container 42, temperature-controlled cabinet controls heating wire and valve, if simulation flexible pipe line 17
Actual working environment is high temperature or low temperature environment, when carrying out the measurement of bending stiffness, torsion stiffness and tensible rigidity, opens temperature
Control cabinet 41 is spent, when needing to simulate high temperature, the heating wire that temperature-controlled cabinet 41 can be opened in environmental cabinet 7 is heated, when need
When simulating low temperature, the valve that temperature-controlled cabinet 41 can be opened on liquid nitrogen container 42 freezes, be equipped in environmental cabinet 7 thermometer or
Person's temperature sensor is stablized in some temperature value by the temperature on control computer 10 in observing environment case 7, then carried out
The detection of bending stiffness, torsion stiffness and tensible rigidity, it is ensured that testing result is accurate and reliable.
Optionally embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, further including pressure-regulating device, pressure-regulating device includes air pump
5, air pump 5 is by control computer 10, and for adjusting the air pressure in flexible pipe line, flexible pipe line 17 is rigid in bending stiffness, torsion
In the detection process of degree and tensible rigidity parameter, if the actual working environment of flexible pipe line 17 is high pressure, be bent just
Degree measurement, torsion stiffness measurement and/or tensible rigidity measurement one of them or it is multinomial when, pass through control computer 10 control open
Air pump 5 is carrying out bending stiffness measurement, torsion stiffness measurement when the gas pump meter of air pump 5 reaches the pressure value of setting
And/or tensible rigidity measures one of them or multinomial measurement, it is existing in the prior art when pipeline is in low temperature, high temperature to solve
And there are under the complex environments such as pressure inside pipeline, the existing immeasurable technical problem of equipment.
Optionally embodiment, the inside of flexible pipe line 17 are equipped with liquid or gaseous medium, and this liquid or gas
State medium is in high pressure conditions, by air pump 5 can for inside flexible pipe line 17 liquid or gaseous medium up to 35MPa is provided
Pressure further increase the order of accuarcy of detection and the reliability of detection data to simulate actual working environment.
The above description is merely a specific embodiment, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any
Those familiar with the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, can easily think of the change or the replacement, and should all contain
Lid is within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the described claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of full working scope flexible pipe line rigidity automatic detection device, which is characterized in that including test-bed, control computer,
And it is set to bending stiffness testing agency, torsion stiffness testing agency and tensible rigidity detection machine on the test-bed
Structure, the control computer is for controlling the bending stiffness testing agency, the torsion stiffness testing agency and the stretching
Stiffness excitations mechanism.
2. full working scope flexible pipe line rigidity automatic detection device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: further include environment
Case, the environmental cabinet are set on the test-bed, and flexible pipe line is placed in the environmental cabinet.
3. full working scope flexible pipe line rigidity automatic detection device according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the bending is rigid
Spending testing agency includes:
Bending load;
Bending load compression bar is connected to the bottom of the bending load;
Piece is measured, is set on the bending load compression bar;
Bent support frame provides two o'clock support for placing flexible pipe line, and for flexible pipe line;
Power sensitive sensor is set to bending load and loads between compression bar the bending, and with the control computer
Connection, for measuring bending loading force;
Displacement sensor is set on test-bed, and is connect with the control computer, for measuring the end of displacement sensor
Portion is to measurement the distance between piece.
4. full working scope flexible pipe line rigidity automatic detection device according to claim 1 to 3, which is characterized in that described
It is additionally provided on test-bed:
Clamp assemblies, the clamp assemblies include chuck and scroll chuck, and the chuck and the scroll chuck divide
The two sides of flexible pipe line Yong Yu not clamped;
Belt wheel group is fixed on the test-bed, passes through synchronous band connection with the belt wheel on the flexible pipe line.
5. full working scope flexible pipe line rigidity automatic detection device according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the torsion is rigid
Degree testing agency includes: torsion loading motor, torque sensor and angular transducer, wherein
The torsion loading motor is connect with the chuck;
The angular transducer is set in the belt wheel group, and the angular transducer is connect with the control computer;
The torque sensor is set to the side of the scroll chuck, and the torque sensor and the control computer connect
It connects.
6. full working scope flexible pipe line rigidity automatic detection device according to claim 4, which is characterized in that described to stretch just
Spending testing agency includes: tensile loads component and extensometer, and the tensile loads component is connect with the chuck, described to draw
Meter is stretched to be mounted on the belt wheel on the flexible pipe line.
7. full working scope flexible pipe line rigidity automatic detection device according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: further include temperature
Control device, the temperature control equipment include temperature-controlled cabinet, for controlling the temperature in environmental cabinet.
8. full working scope flexible pipe line rigidity automatic detection device according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: the temperature control
Device processed further includes heating wire and liquid nitrogen container, and the heating wire is set in the environmental cabinet, is provided with valve on the liquid nitrogen container
Door, the temperature-controlled cabinet control the heating wire and the valve.
9. full working scope flexible pipe line rigidity automatic detection device according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: further include
Pressure-regulating device, the pressure-regulating device include air pump, for adjusting the air pressure inside the pipeline.
10. full working scope flexible pipe line rigidity automatic detection device according to claim 9, it is characterised in that: the flexibility
The inside of pipeline is equipped with liquid or gaseous medium.
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