CN109441570B - Condensation back-pumping heat supply system for combination of two units and operation method - Google Patents

Condensation back-pumping heat supply system for combination of two units and operation method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109441570B
CN109441570B CN201811307022.7A CN201811307022A CN109441570B CN 109441570 B CN109441570 B CN 109441570B CN 201811307022 A CN201811307022 A CN 201811307022A CN 109441570 B CN109441570 B CN 109441570B
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valve
steam
circulating
cooling
pipe
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CN109441570A (en
Inventor
高新勇
厉剑梁
李成磊
郑立军
何晓红
王伟
马斯鸣
夏明�
黄平平
俞聪
洪纯珩
杨志群
陈真
唐树芳
吴畅
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Huadian Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd
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Huadian Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01KSTEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K7/00Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01KSTEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K17/00Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant
    • F01K17/02Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant for heating purposes, e.g. industrial, domestic
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01KSTEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K19/00Regenerating or otherwise treating steam exhausted from steam engine plant
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01KSTEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K7/00Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/10Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating characterised by the engine exhaust pressure
    • F01K7/12Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating characterised by the engine exhaust pressure of condensing type
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01KSTEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K7/00Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/10Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating characterised by the engine exhaust pressure
    • F01K7/12Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating characterised by the engine exhaust pressure of condensing type
    • F01K7/14Control means specially adapted therefor
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01KSTEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K7/00Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/34Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being of extraction or non-condensing type; Use of steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/345Control or safety-means particular thereto
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01KSTEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K7/00Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/34Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being of extraction or non-condensing type; Use of steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/38Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being of extraction or non-condensing type; Use of steam for feed-water heating the engines being of turbine type
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24DDOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D3/00Hot-water central heating systems
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/14Combined heat and power generation [CHP]

Abstract

The application relates to a condensation back-pumping heat supply system for combination of two units and an operation method. It comprises the following steps: the system comprises a first cogeneration unit, a second cogeneration unit and a cooling steam system, wherein the cogeneration unit comprises a turbine medium pressure cylinder, a turbine low pressure cylinder, a condenser, a cooling tower and a first heat supply network heater, the cooling steam system comprises a temperature and pressure reduction device and a steam-water separation device, a steam inlet of the cooling steam system is simultaneously connected with the first turbine medium pressure cylinder and the second turbine medium pressure cylinder, a steam outlet of the cooling steam system is simultaneously connected with the first turbine low pressure cylinder and the second turbine low pressure cylinder, and a circulating water system of the first cogeneration unit and the second cogeneration unit realizes networking through a circulating backwater bypass and a circulating water supply bypass. The application realizes the operation of one or two cogeneration units under the working condition of back pressure heat supply at the same time, and improves the flexibility and reliability of external heat supply and steam extraction while fully playing the external heat supply capacity of the thermal power plant.

Description

Condensation back-pumping heat supply system for combination of two units and operation method
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of cogeneration, and particularly relates to a condensation back-pumping heat supply system for combination of two units and an operation method.
Background
At present, the policy in China gradually pays attention to popularization of new energy sources, and reduces the proportion of thermal power generating units. For thermal power plants, the exhaust steam of the steam turbine is usually directly discharged through an air cooling or water cooling mode, which causes huge cold end loss. For example, the energy utilization rate of a 300MW subcritical pure condensing unit is about 38%, wherein the cold end loss is about 45%, the energy utilization rate of the unit is improved to 60% after steam extraction and heat supply are adopted, but 20% of condensed low-temperature waste heat is discharged, and the heat is difficult to directly utilize due to low grade. Meanwhile, as the power grid is used for absorbing new energy and power, the requirements on the thermal power flexibility of the coal motor unit are continuously enhanced, and the coal motor unit needs to realize ultralow-load operation to meet the peak regulation requirement of the power grid, so that the coal-fired thermoelectric unit is extremely challenged.
At present, the patent 'steam turbine extraction condensing back system and the adjusting method thereof (patent number 201710193938.3)', the low-pressure cylinder can be realized without replacing a rotor, the technology can not only furthest increase the external heat supply quantity, but also realize the low-load power generation of a unit with high benefit. The patent ' cooling system and working method for cutting off heat supply of low-pressure cylinder ' (patent No. 201711165679. X) ', realizes effective cooling of low-pressure cylinder when the low-pressure cylinder does not enter steam.
However, the flexibility requirement on the thermal power of the coal motor unit is continuously enhanced, and the unit is enabled to continuously increase the external heat supply load due to the rapid development of central heat supply. At this time, for the thermal power plant with two thermoelectric units, if the advantages of the two thermoelectric units can be fully exerted, the external heat supply capacity of the thermal power plant is further improved, the thermal power plant is facilitated to occupy the heat supply market, and greater economic benefits are created. The present application is invented to address this phenomenon.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a condensation back heat supply system for combining two units and an operation method thereof, wherein the condensation back heat supply system has reasonable design and reliable performance.
The application solves the problems by adopting the following technical scheme: a back-condensing and heat-supplying system for two units, comprising: the system comprises a first cogeneration unit, a second cogeneration unit and a cooling steam system;
the first cogeneration unit comprises a first turbine medium pressure cylinder, a first turbine low pressure cylinder, a first condenser, a first cooling tower and a first heating network heater, wherein a steam outlet of the first turbine medium pressure cylinder is connected with a steam inlet of the first turbine low pressure cylinder through a first communication pipe, a first hydraulic butterfly valve is arranged on the first communication pipe, the steam outlet of the first turbine low pressure cylinder is connected with the first condenser, a circulating water side of the first condenser is connected with the first cooling tower through a first circulating water pipe and a first circulating water return pipe, a first circulating valve and a second circulating valve are sequentially arranged on the first circulating water pipe along the water flow direction, a fourth circulating valve and a third circulating valve are sequentially arranged on the first circulating water return pipe along the water flow direction, the steam outlet of the first turbine medium pressure cylinder is also connected with the first heating network heater through a first heating steam extraction pipe, and the first heating network valve is arranged on the first heating steam extraction pipe;
the second cogeneration unit comprises a second turbine medium pressure cylinder, a second turbine low pressure cylinder, a second condenser, a second cooling tower and a second heat supply network heater, wherein a steam outlet of the second turbine medium pressure cylinder is connected with a steam inlet of the second turbine low pressure cylinder through a second communicating pipe, a second hydraulic butterfly valve is arranged on the second communicating pipe, the steam outlet of the second turbine low pressure cylinder is connected with the second condenser, a circulating water side of the second condenser is connected with the second cooling tower through a second circulating water pipe and a second circulating water return pipe, a fifth circulating valve and a sixth circulating valve are sequentially arranged on the second circulating water pipe along the water flow direction, a eighth circulating valve and a seventh circulating valve are sequentially arranged on the second circulating water return pipe along the water flow direction, the steam outlet of the second turbine medium pressure cylinder is also connected with the second heat supply network heater through a second heating steam extraction pipe, and the second heat supply network valve is arranged on the second heating steam extraction pipe;
the first circulating water supply pipe is connected with the second circulating water supply pipe through a circulating water supply bypass, a water supply bypass valve is arranged on the circulating water supply bypass, the first circulating water return pipe is connected with the second circulating water return pipe through a circulating water return bypass, and a water return bypass valve is arranged on the circulating water return bypass;
the cooling steam system comprises a temperature and pressure reducing device and a steam-water separation device, wherein a steam inlet of the temperature and pressure reducing device is connected with a steam outlet of a cooling steam header pipe, a total temperature table and a total pressure table are sequentially installed on the cooling steam header pipe along the steam flow direction, a steam inlet of the cooling steam header pipe is connected with a steam outlet of a first cooling steam header pipe, a steam inlet of the first cooling steam header pipe is connected with a steam outlet of a first turbine medium-pressure cylinder, a first cooling total valve is installed on the first cooling steam header pipe, a steam outlet of the temperature and pressure reducing device is connected with a steam inlet of the steam-water separation device, a steam outlet of the steam-water separation device is connected with a steam inlet of the first turbine low-pressure cylinder and a steam inlet of a second turbine low-pressure cylinder through a first cooling steam pipe and a second cooling steam pipe respectively, and a first cooling valve, a first flow meter, a first temperature meter and a first gate valve are sequentially installed on the first cooling steam pipe along the steam flow direction, and a second flow meter are sequentially installed on the second cooling steam pipe along the steam flow direction.
Preferably, the steam inlet of the cooling steam main pipe is also connected with the steam outlet of the second cooling steam main pipe, the steam inlet of the second cooling steam main pipe is connected with the steam outlet of the pressure cylinder of the second steam turbine, and a second cooling main valve is arranged on the second cooling steam main pipe.
Preferably, one end of the circulating water supply bypass is connected between the first circulating valve and the second circulating valve, and the other end of the circulating water supply bypass is connected between the fifth circulating valve and the sixth circulating valve.
Preferably, one end of the circulating backwater bypass is connected between the third circulating valve and the fourth circulating valve, and the other end of the circulating backwater bypass is connected between the seventh circulating valve and the eighth circulating valve.
Preferably, the first hydraulic butterfly valve and the second hydraulic butterfly valve are valves without mechanical limitation, and fluid does not leak when the valves are fully closed.
The operation method of the condensation back-pumping heat supply system for the combination of the two units is as follows:
when the steam extraction and heat supply working conditions are running:
closing the first cooling total valve, the second cooling total valve, the first cooling valve, the second cooling valve, the first gate valve and the second gate valve, wherein the cooling steam system is in a closed state;
opening and adjusting a first hydraulic butterfly valve, a second hydraulic butterfly valve, a first heat supply network valve and a second heat supply network valve, wherein the first heat and power cogeneration unit and the second heat and power cogeneration unit are operated under the working condition of steam extraction and heat supply, at the moment, part of exhaust steam of a first turbine medium-pressure cylinder enters a first turbine low-pressure cylinder through a first connecting pipe to perform work, and the other part of exhaust steam of the first turbine medium-pressure cylinder enters a first heat supply network heater through a first heating steam extraction pipe to perform heat supply; and part of exhaust steam of the second turbine intermediate pressure cylinder enters the second turbine low pressure cylinder through a second communicating pipe to do work, and the other part of exhaust steam of the second turbine intermediate pressure cylinder enters a second heat supply network heater through a second heating steam extraction pipe to supply heat to the outside.
When the back pressure heating working condition is running:
closing a second cooling total valve, opening a first cooling total valve, wherein the cooling steam system is in an open state, and the steam source of cooling steam is from a first turbine intermediate pressure cylinder;
closing a first hydraulic butterfly valve, opening a first heat supply network valve, and enabling a first cogeneration unit to operate under a back pressure heat supply working condition, wherein at the moment, all exhaust steam of a first turbine medium-pressure cylinder enters a first heat supply network heater through a first heating steam extraction pipe to supply heat to the outside, and simultaneously opening a first cooling valve and a first gate valve, wherein cooling steam subjected to temperature and pressure reduction and dehumidification enters a first turbine low-pressure cylinder through a first cooling steam pipe to cool the first turbine low-pressure cylinder;
and closing a second hydraulic butterfly valve, opening a second heat supply network valve, and running the second cogeneration unit under the working condition of back pressure heat supply, wherein at the moment, all exhaust steam of the middle pressure cylinder of the second steam turbine enters the second heat supply network heater through a second heating steam extraction pipe to supply heat to the outside, and simultaneously opening a second cooling valve and a second gate valve, wherein cooling steam subjected to temperature and pressure reduction and dehumidification enters the low pressure cylinder of the second steam turbine through a second cooling steam pipe to cool the low pressure cylinder of the second steam turbine.
When the steam extraction and heat supply working conditions are operated and the external heat supply load is low, the method comprises the following steps:
the external steam extraction amount of the first cogeneration unit and the second cogeneration unit is low, at the moment, a first circulating valve, a second circulating valve, a third circulating valve, a fourth circulating valve, a fifth circulating valve, a sixth circulating valve, a seventh circulating valve and an eighth circulating valve are opened, the circulating water systems of the first cogeneration unit and the second cogeneration unit are opened, a water supply bypass valve and a water return bypass valve are closed at the same time, and the circulating water supply bypass and the circulating water return bypass are closed;
when the steam extraction and heat supply working conditions are operated and the external heat supply load is large, the method comprises the following steps:
when the external steam extraction amount of the first cogeneration unit is large and the external steam extraction amount of the second cogeneration unit is low, at the moment, a second circulating valve and a fourth circulating valve are closed, a first circulating valve, a third circulating valve, a fifth circulating valve, a sixth circulating valve, a seventh circulating valve and an eighth circulating valve are opened, a water supply bypass valve and a water return bypass valve are simultaneously opened, the first cooling tower is in a closed state, circulating water entering and exiting the first condenser is conveyed to the second cooling tower through a circulating water supply bypass and a circulating water return bypass, and therefore an antifreezing effect on the first cooling tower can be achieved;
when the external steam extraction amount of the second cogeneration unit is large and the external steam extraction amount of the first cogeneration unit is low, at the moment, a sixth circulating valve and an eighth circulating valve are closed, a first circulating valve, a second circulating valve, a third circulating valve, a fourth circulating valve, a fifth circulating valve and a seventh circulating valve are opened, a water supply bypass valve and a water return bypass valve are simultaneously opened, the second cooling tower is in a closed state, and circulating water entering and exiting the second condenser is conveyed to the first cooling tower through a circulating water supply bypass and a circulating water return bypass, so that an antifreezing effect on the second cooling tower can be achieved;
when the external steam extraction amount of the first cogeneration unit and the second cogeneration unit is large, at the moment, one cooling tower can be selected to operate by the first cooling tower and the second cooling tower, and the other cooling tower is closed, so that an antifreezing effect can be achieved on the first cooling tower or the second cooling tower.
And when the back pressure heat supply working condition operates, the first cooling main valve can be closed, the second cooling main valve is opened, and the steam source of the cooling steam comes from the intermediate pressure cylinder of the second steam turbine.
When the back pressure heat supply working condition is operated, the first heat and power cogeneration unit can be selected to be operated under the back pressure heat supply working condition or the second heat and power cogeneration unit can be selected to be operated under the back pressure heat supply working condition or the first heat and power cogeneration unit and the second heat and power cogeneration unit can be operated under the back pressure heat supply working condition according to the requirements of external heat supply loads.
When the first cogeneration unit operates under the back pressure heat supply working condition, at the moment, a second circulating valve and a fourth circulating valve are closed, a first circulating valve, a third circulating valve, a fifth circulating valve, a sixth circulating valve, a seventh circulating valve and a eighth circulating valve are opened, a water supply bypass valve and a water return bypass valve are simultaneously opened, and circulating water entering and exiting the first condenser is conveyed to the second cooling tower through a circulating water supply bypass and a circulating water return bypass in a closed state of the first cooling tower, so that an antifreezing effect on the first cooling tower can be achieved;
when the second cogeneration unit operates under the back pressure heat supply working condition, at the moment, a sixth circulating valve and an eighth circulating valve are closed, a first circulating valve, a second circulating valve, a third circulating valve, a fourth circulating valve, a fifth circulating valve and a seventh circulating valve are opened, a water supply bypass valve and a water return bypass valve are simultaneously opened, the second cooling tower is in a closed state, circulating water entering and exiting the second condenser is conveyed to the first cooling tower through the circulating water supply bypass and the circulating water return bypass, and therefore an antifreezing effect can be achieved on the second cooling tower;
when the first cogeneration unit and the second cogeneration unit are operated under the back pressure heat supply working condition, at the moment, one of the first cooling tower and the second cooling tower can be selected to operate, and the other cooling tower is closed, so that the first cooling tower or the second cooling tower can be subjected to an antifreezing effect.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the following advantages and effects: (1) The application has reasonable design, simple structure and reliable performance, and creates a condensation back-pumping heat supply system for the combination of two units; (2) According to the application, the exhaust steam of the intermediate pressure cylinder of the first steam turbine can be used as a source of cooling steam, and the exhaust steam of the intermediate pressure cylinder of the second steam turbine can be used as a source of cooling steam, so that the flexibility and reliability of selecting the steam source of the cooling steam are improved; (3) The back pressure heat supply working condition operation of one cogeneration unit can be realized, the back pressure heat supply working condition operation of two cogeneration units can be realized, the external heat supply capacity of the thermal power plant is fully exerted, and the flexibility and the reliability of external heat supply and steam extraction are improved; (4) The application realizes the networking of the circulating water systems of the two cogeneration units, avoids the phenomenon of frosting and freezing of the cooling tower caused by insufficient heat of circulating water on the upper tower, and improves the operation safety of the thermoelectric unit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a combined back and heat pump system for two units according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are illustrative of the present application and not limited to the following examples.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1, the condensation back heating system for the combination of two units in this embodiment includes: the system comprises a first cogeneration unit, a second cogeneration unit and a cooling steam system;
the first cogeneration unit comprises a first turbine medium pressure cylinder 11, a first turbine low pressure cylinder 12, a first condenser 13, a first cooling tower 14 and a first heating network heater 15, wherein the steam outlet of the first turbine medium pressure cylinder 11 is connected with the steam inlet of the first turbine low pressure cylinder 12 through a first connecting pipe 101, a first hydraulic butterfly valve 16 is arranged on the first connecting pipe 101, the steam outlet of the first turbine low pressure cylinder 12 is connected with the first condenser 13, the circulating water side of the first condenser 13 is connected with the first cooling tower 14 through a first circulating water pipe 103 and a first circulating water return pipe 104, a first circulating valve 116 and a second circulating valve 117 are sequentially arranged on the first circulating water pipe 103 along the water flow direction, a fourth circulating valve 119 and a third circulating valve 118 are sequentially arranged on the first circulating water return pipe 104 along the water flow direction, the steam outlet of the first turbine cylinder 11 is also connected with the first heating network heater 15 through a first heating water suction pipe 102, and a first heating network 17 is arranged on the first heating water suction pipe 102;
the second cogeneration unit comprises a second turbine intermediate pressure cylinder 21, a second turbine low pressure cylinder 22, a second condenser 23, a second cooling tower 24 and a second heat supply network heater 25, wherein the steam outlet of the second turbine intermediate pressure cylinder 21 is connected with the steam inlet of the second turbine low pressure cylinder 22 through a second communicating pipe 201, a second hydraulic butterfly valve 26 is arranged on the second communicating pipe 201, the steam outlet of the second turbine low pressure cylinder 22 is connected with the second condenser 23, the circulating water side of the second condenser 23 is connected with the second cooling tower 24 through a second circulating water pipe 203 and a second circulating water return pipe 204, a fifth circulating valve 216 and a sixth circulating valve 217 are sequentially arranged on the second circulating water pipe 203 along the water flow direction, a eighth circulating valve 219 and a seventh circulating valve 218 are sequentially arranged on the second circulating water return pipe 204 along the water flow direction, the steam outlet of the second turbine intermediate pressure cylinder 21 is also connected with the second heat supply network heater 25 through a second heating water suction pipe 202, and a second heat supply network 27 is arranged on the second heating water suction pipe 202;
the first circulation water supply pipe 103 is connected with the second circulation water supply pipe 203 through a circulation water supply bypass 7, a water supply bypass valve 9 is arranged on the circulation water supply bypass 7, one end of the circulation water supply bypass 7 is connected between the first circulation valve 116 and the second circulation valve 117, and the other end of the circulation water supply bypass 7 is connected between the fifth circulation valve 216 and the sixth circulation valve 217; the first circulating water return pipe 104 is connected with the second circulating water return pipe 204 through a circulating water return bypass 8, and a water return bypass valve 10 is arranged on the circulating water return bypass 8; one end of the circulating backwater bypass 8 is connected between the third circulating valve 118 and the fourth circulating valve 119, and the other end of the circulating backwater bypass 8 is connected between the seventh circulating valve 218 and the eighth circulating valve 219.
The cooling steam system comprises a temperature and pressure reducing device 1 and a steam-water separation device 2, wherein the steam inlet of the temperature and pressure reducing device 1 is connected with the steam outlet of a cooling steam header pipe 5, a temperature total surface 3 and a pressure total surface 4 are sequentially installed on the cooling steam header pipe 5 along the steam flow direction, the steam inlet of the cooling steam header pipe 5 is connected with the steam outlet of a first cooling steam header pipe 106, the steam inlet of the first cooling steam header pipe 106 is connected with the steam outlet of a first turbine pressure cylinder 11, a first cooling total valve 120 is installed on the first cooling steam header pipe 106, the steam outlet of the temperature and pressure reducing device 1 is connected with the steam inlet of the steam-water separation device 2, the steam outlet of the steam-water separation device 2 is respectively connected with the steam inlet of a first turbine low pressure cylinder 12 and the steam inlet of a second turbine low pressure cylinder 22 through a first cooling steam pipe 105 and a second cooling steam pipe 205, a first cooling valve 115, a first flow meter 114, a first pressure meter 113, a first temperature meter 205, a second temperature meter 111, a second flow meter 212 and a second flow meter 212 are sequentially installed on the first cooling steam pipe 105 along the steam flow direction, and a second flow meter 212 are sequentially installed on the second flow meter 212 and the second flow meter 212.
In this embodiment, the steam inlet of the cooling steam header pipe 5 is also connected to the steam outlet of the second cooling steam header pipe 206, the steam inlet of the second cooling steam header pipe 206 is connected to the steam outlet of the intermediate pressure cylinder 21 of the second steam turbine, and a second cooling header valve 220 is installed on the second cooling steam header pipe 206.
In this embodiment, the first and second hydraulic butterfly valves 16, 26 are mechanically non-limiting valves that do not leak fluid when the valves are fully closed.
The operation method of the condensation back-pumping heat supply system for the combination of the two units is as follows:
(1) When the steam extraction and heat supply working conditions are running:
closing the first cooling total valve 120, the second cooling total valve 220, the first cooling valve 115, the second cooling valve 215, the first gate valve 111 and the second gate valve 211, and enabling the cooling steam system to be in a closed state;
opening and adjusting a first hydraulic butterfly valve 16, a second hydraulic butterfly valve 26, a first heat supply network valve 17 and a second heat supply network valve 27, wherein the first heat and power cogeneration unit and the second heat and power cogeneration unit are operated under the working condition of steam extraction and heat supply, at the moment, part of exhaust steam of a first turbine middle pressure cylinder 11 enters a first turbine low pressure cylinder 12 through a first communication pipe 101 to do work, and the other part of exhaust steam of the first turbine middle pressure cylinder 11 enters a first heat supply network heater 15 through a first heating steam extraction pipe 102 to supply heat to the outside; part of exhaust steam of the second turbine intermediate pressure cylinder 21 enters the second turbine low pressure cylinder 22 through the second communicating pipe 201 to do work, and the other part of exhaust steam of the second turbine intermediate pressure cylinder 21 enters the second heat supply network heater 25 through the second heating steam extraction pipe 202 to supply heat to the outside.
(2) When the back pressure heating working condition is running:
closing the second cooling master valve 220, opening the first cooling master valve 120, wherein the cooling steam system is in an open state, and the steam source of the cooling steam is from the first turbine intermediate pressure cylinder 11;
closing a first hydraulic butterfly valve 16, opening a first heat supply network valve 17, and running the first cogeneration unit under a back pressure heat supply working condition, wherein at the moment, all exhaust steam of a first turbine medium-pressure cylinder 11 enters a first heat supply network heater 15 through a first heating steam extraction pipe 102 to supply heat to the outside, and simultaneously, opening a first cooling valve 115 and a first gate valve 111, wherein cooling steam subjected to temperature and pressure reduction and dehumidification enters a first turbine low-pressure cylinder 12 through a first cooling steam pipe 105 to cool the first turbine low-pressure cylinder 12;
the second hydraulic butterfly valve 26 is closed, the second heat supply network valve 27 is opened, the second cogeneration unit operates under the working condition of back pressure heat supply, at this time, all exhaust steam of the second turbine intermediate pressure cylinder 21 enters the second heat supply network heater 25 through the second heating steam extraction pipe 202 to supply heat to the outside, meanwhile, the second cooling valve 215 and the second gate valve 211 are opened, and cooling steam subjected to temperature and pressure reduction and dehumidification enters the second turbine low pressure cylinder 22 through the second cooling steam pipe 205 to cool the second turbine low pressure cylinder 22.
When the steam extraction and heat supply working conditions are operated and the external heat supply load is low, the method comprises the following steps:
the external steam extraction amount of the first cogeneration unit and the second cogeneration unit is lower, at this time, the first circulation valve 116, the second circulation valve 117, the third circulation valve 118, the fourth circulation valve 119, the fifth circulation valve 216, the sixth circulation valve 217, the seventh circulation valve 218 and the eighth circulation valve 219 are opened, the circulating water systems of the first cogeneration unit and the second cogeneration unit are opened, the water supply bypass valve 9 and the backwater bypass valve 10 are closed, and the circulating water supply bypass 7 and the circulating backwater bypass 8 are closed.
When the steam extraction and heat supply working conditions are operated and the external heat supply load is large, the method comprises the following steps:
when the external steam extraction amount of the first cogeneration unit is large and the external steam extraction amount of the second cogeneration unit is low, at the moment, the second circulation valve 117 and the fourth circulation valve 119 are closed, the first circulation valve 116, the third circulation valve 118, the fifth circulation valve 216, the sixth circulation valve 217, the seventh circulation valve 218 and the eighth circulation valve 219 are opened, and the water supply bypass valve 9 and the water return bypass valve 10 are opened, so that the first cooling tower 14 is in a closed state, and circulating water entering and exiting the first condenser 13 is conveyed to the second cooling tower 24 by the circulating water supply bypass 7 and the circulating water return bypass 8, and the antifreezing effect on the first cooling tower 14 can be achieved;
when the external steam extraction amount of the second cogeneration unit is large and the external steam extraction amount of the first cogeneration unit is low, at the moment, the sixth circulation valve 217 and the eighth circulation valve 219 are closed, the first circulation valve 116, the second circulation valve 117, the third circulation valve 118, the fourth circulation valve 119, the fifth circulation valve 216 and the seventh circulation valve 218 are opened, the water supply bypass valve 9 and the backwater bypass valve 10 are simultaneously opened, the second cooling tower 24 is in a closed state, and circulating water entering and exiting the second condenser 23 is conveyed to the first cooling tower 14 through the circulating water supply bypass 7 and the circulating backwater bypass 8, so that an antifreezing effect on the second cooling tower 24 can be achieved;
when the external steam extraction amounts of the first cogeneration unit and the second cogeneration unit are both large, at this time, one of the first cooling tower 14 and the second cooling tower 24 can be selected to operate, and the other cooling tower is closed, so that an antifreezing effect can be achieved on both the first cooling tower 14 and the second cooling tower 24.
In the operation method of the present embodiment, during the back pressure heat supply operation, the first cooling master valve 120 may be closed, and the second cooling master valve 220 may be opened, where the source of cooling steam is from the second turbine intermediate pressure cylinder 21.
In the operation method of the embodiment, when the back pressure heat supply working condition is operated, according to the requirement of the external heat supply load, the first cogeneration unit can be selected to operate as the back pressure heat supply working condition, or the second cogeneration unit can be selected to operate as the back pressure heat supply working condition, or the first cogeneration unit and the second cogeneration unit can both operate as the back pressure heat supply working condition.
When the first cogeneration unit operates under the back pressure heat supply working condition, at the moment, the second circulating valve 117 and the fourth circulating valve 119 are closed, the first circulating valve 116, the third circulating valve 118, the fifth circulating valve 216, the sixth circulating valve 217, the seventh circulating valve 218 and the eighth circulating valve 219 are opened, the water supply bypass valve 9 and the water return bypass valve 10 are opened, the first cooling tower 14 is in a closed state, circulating water entering and exiting the first condenser 13 is conveyed to the second cooling tower 24 through the circulating water supply bypass 7 and the circulating water return bypass 8, and therefore an antifreezing effect on the first cooling tower 14 can be achieved;
when the second cogeneration unit operates under the back pressure heat supply working condition, at the moment, the sixth circulating valve 217 and the eighth circulating valve 219 are closed, the first circulating valve 116, the second circulating valve 117, the third circulating valve 118, the fourth circulating valve 119, the fifth circulating valve 216 and the seventh circulating valve 218 are opened, the water supply bypass valve 9 and the water return bypass valve 10 are opened, the second cooling tower 24 is in a closed state, and circulating water entering and exiting the second condenser 23 is conveyed to the first cooling tower 14 through the circulating water supply bypass 7 and the circulating water return bypass 8, so that an antifreezing effect on the second cooling tower 24 can be achieved;
when the first cogeneration unit and the second cogeneration unit are both in the back pressure heat supply working condition, at this time, one of the first cooling tower 14 and the second cooling tower 24 can be selected to operate, and the other cooling tower is closed, so that an antifreezing effect can be achieved on the first cooling tower 14 or the second cooling tower 24.
In the specific operation method of the present embodiment, the first gate valve 111 and the second gate valve 211 have a cut-off function, respectively, and the remaining valves have a function of adjusting the flow rate of the pipe fluid.
When the back pressure heat supply working condition is operated, according to the numerical value of the temperature in the cylinder monitored by a low pressure cylinder DCS monitoring system of the thermoelectric unit and the numerical feedback measured by various flow meters, pressure meters and temperature meters, the parameter values such as the cooling steam flow, the pressure and the temperature entering the first turbine low pressure cylinder 12 and the second turbine low pressure cylinder 22 are regulated so as to realize the full cooling of the turbine low pressure cylinder.
Although the present application is described with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood that the application is not limited to the embodiments described above, but is capable of modification and variation without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application.

Claims (7)

1. The condensing back-pumping heat supply system for the combination of the two units is characterized by comprising a first cogeneration unit, a second cogeneration unit and a cooling steam system;
the first cogeneration unit comprises a first turbine medium pressure cylinder (11), a first turbine low pressure cylinder (12), a first condenser (13), a first cooling tower (14) and a first heat supply network heater (15), wherein a steam outlet of the first turbine medium pressure cylinder (11) is connected with a steam inlet of the first turbine low pressure cylinder (12) through a first connecting pipe (101), a first hydraulic butterfly valve (16) is arranged on the first connecting pipe (101), a steam outlet of the first turbine low pressure cylinder (12) is connected with the first condenser (13), a circulating water side of the first condenser (13) is connected with the first cooling tower (14) through a first circulating water supply pipe (103) and a first circulating water return pipe (104), a first circulating valve (116) and a second circulating valve (117) are sequentially arranged on the first circulating water supply pipe (103) along a water flow direction, a fourth circulating valve (119) and a third circulating valve (119) are sequentially arranged on the first circulating water return pipe (104) along the water flow direction, and the first circulating water return pipe (104) is further connected with the first heating network (102) through the first circulating water supply pipe (103), and the first circulating water return pipe (14) is connected with the first heating network (14);
the second cogeneration unit comprises a second turbine medium pressure cylinder (21), a second turbine low pressure cylinder (22), a second condenser (23), a second cooling tower (24) and a second heat supply network heater (25), wherein a steam outlet of the second turbine medium pressure cylinder (21) is connected with a steam inlet of the second turbine low pressure cylinder (22) through a second communicating pipe (201), a second hydraulic butterfly valve (26) is arranged on the second communicating pipe (201), a steam outlet of the second turbine low pressure cylinder (22) is connected with the second condenser (23), a circulating water side of the second condenser (23) is connected with the second cooling tower (24) through a second circulating water supply pipe (203) and a second circulating water return pipe (204), a fifth circulating valve (216) and a sixth circulating valve (217) are sequentially arranged on the second circulating water supply pipe (203) along the flowing direction, an eighth circulating valve (219) and a seventh circulating valve (218) are sequentially arranged on the second circulating water return pipe (204), and the second circulating water side of the second condenser (23) is connected with the second heating tower (24) through a second circulating water pipe (202), and the second heating network (202) is also connected with the second heating tower (25);
the first circulating water supply pipe (103) is connected with the second circulating water supply pipe (203) through a circulating water supply bypass (7), a water supply bypass valve (9) is arranged on the circulating water supply bypass (7), the first circulating water return pipe (104) is connected with the second circulating water return pipe (204) through a circulating water return bypass (8), and a water return bypass valve (10) is arranged on the circulating water return bypass (8);
the cooling steam system comprises a temperature and pressure reducing device (1) and a steam-water separation device (2), the steam inlet of the temperature and pressure reducing device (1) is connected with the steam outlet of a cooling steam header pipe (5), a temperature total surface (3) and a pressure total surface (4) are sequentially arranged on the cooling steam header pipe (5) along the steam flow direction, the steam inlet of the cooling steam header pipe (5) is connected with the steam outlet of a first cooling steam header pipe (106), the steam inlet of the first cooling steam header pipe (106) is connected with the steam outlet of a first steam turbine medium-pressure cylinder (11), a first cooling total valve (120) is arranged on the first cooling steam header pipe (106), the steam outlet of the temperature and pressure reducing device (1) is connected with the steam inlet of the cooling steam header pipe (5), the steam outlet of the steam header pipe (2) is respectively connected with the steam inlet of a first steam turbine low-pressure cylinder (12) and the steam outlet of a second low-pressure cylinder (22) through a first cooling steam pipe (105) and a second cooling steam pipe (205), a first steam meter (215) is arranged on the first steam header pipe (112), a first steam meter (114) is arranged on the first steam header pipe (112), and the first steam meter (215) is sequentially arranged along the first flow direction, and the first steam meter (114) is arranged on the first steam meter (112) A second flow meter (214), a second pressure gauge (213), a second thermometer (212) and a second gate valve (211);
the steam inlet of the cooling steam main pipe (5) is also connected with the steam outlet of the second cooling steam main pipe (206), the steam inlet of the second cooling steam main pipe (206) is connected with the steam outlet of the second turbine intermediate pressure cylinder (21), and a second cooling main valve (220) is arranged on the second cooling steam main pipe (206);
one end of the circulating water supply bypass (7) is connected between a first circulating valve (116) and a second circulating valve (117), and the other end of the circulating water supply bypass (7) is connected between a fifth circulating valve (216) and a sixth circulating valve (217);
one end of the circulating backwater bypass (8) is connected between the third circulating valve (118) and the fourth circulating valve (119), and the other end of the circulating backwater bypass (8) is connected between the seventh circulating valve (218) and the eighth circulating valve (219).
2. The back-pumped heating system for a two-unit combination of claim 1, wherein the first and second hydraulic butterfly valves (16, 26) are mechanically non-limiting valves that do not leak fluid when the valves are fully closed.
3. A method of operating a combined back and condenser heating system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the method of operation is as follows:
when the steam extraction and heat supply working conditions are running:
closing the first cooling total valve (120), the second cooling total valve (220), the first cooling valve (115), the second cooling valve (215), the first gate valve (111) and the second gate valve (211), wherein the cooling steam system is in a closed state;
opening and adjusting a first hydraulic butterfly valve (16), a second hydraulic butterfly valve (26), a first heat supply network valve (17) and a second heat supply network valve (27), wherein the first cogeneration unit and the second cogeneration unit are operated under the working condition of steam extraction and heat supply, at the moment, part of exhaust steam of a first turbine medium-pressure cylinder (11) enters a first turbine low-pressure cylinder (12) through a first connecting pipe (101) to perform work, and the other part of exhaust steam of the first turbine medium-pressure cylinder (11) enters a first heat supply network heater (15) through a first heating steam extraction pipe (102) to supply heat; part of exhaust steam of the second turbine medium pressure cylinder (21) enters the second turbine low pressure cylinder (22) through a second communicating pipe (201) to do work, and the other part of exhaust steam of the second turbine medium pressure cylinder (21) enters the second heat supply network heater (25) through a second heating steam extraction pipe (202) to supply heat to the outside;
when the back pressure heating working condition is running:
closing a second cooling master valve (220), opening a first cooling master valve (120), wherein the cooling steam system is in an open state, and the steam source of cooling steam is from a first turbine intermediate pressure cylinder (11);
closing a first hydraulic butterfly valve (16), opening a first heat supply network valve (17), and running the first cogeneration unit under a back pressure heating working condition, wherein at the moment, all exhaust steam of a first turbine medium-pressure cylinder (11) enters a first heat supply network heater (15) through a first heating steam extraction pipe (102) to supply heat to the outside, and simultaneously opening a first cooling valve (115) and a first gate valve (111), wherein cooling steam subjected to temperature reduction, pressure reduction and dehumidification enters a first turbine low-pressure cylinder (12) through a first cooling steam pipe (105) to cool the first turbine low-pressure cylinder (12);
closing a second hydraulic butterfly valve (26), opening a second heat supply network valve (27), and running the second cogeneration unit under a back pressure heating working condition, wherein at the moment, all exhaust steam of a second turbine medium pressure cylinder (21) enters a second heat supply network heater (25) through a second heating steam extraction pipe (202) to supply heat to the outside, and simultaneously opening a second cooling valve (215) and a second gate valve (211), cooling steam subjected to temperature and pressure reduction and dehumidification enters a second turbine low pressure cylinder (22) through a second cooling steam pipe (205) to cool the second turbine low pressure cylinder (22).
4. A method of operating a combined heat and back condensing and pump system for two units according to claim 3, characterized by:
when the steam extraction and heat supply working conditions are operated and the external heat supply load is low, the method comprises the following steps:
the external steam extraction amount of the first cogeneration unit and the second cogeneration unit is low, at the moment, a first circulation valve (116), a second circulation valve (117), a third circulation valve (118), a fourth circulation valve (119), a fifth circulation valve (216), a sixth circulation valve (217), a seventh circulation valve (218) and an eighth circulation valve (219) are opened, the circulating water systems of the first cogeneration unit and the second cogeneration unit are opened, the water supply bypass valve (9) and the water return bypass valve (10) are closed, and the circulating water supply bypass (7) and the circulating water return bypass (8) are closed;
when the steam extraction and heat supply working conditions are operated and the external heat supply load is large, the method comprises the following steps:
when the external steam extraction amount of the first cogeneration unit is large and the external steam extraction amount of the second cogeneration unit is low, at the moment, a second circulating valve (117) and a fourth circulating valve (119) are closed, a first circulating valve (116), a third circulating valve (118), a fifth circulating valve (216), a sixth circulating valve (217), a seventh circulating valve (218) and an eighth circulating valve (219) are opened, a water supply bypass valve (9) and a water return bypass valve (10) are opened, the first cooling tower (14) is in a closed state, circulating water entering and exiting the first condenser (13) is conveyed to the second cooling tower (24) through a circulating water supply bypass (7) and a circulating water return bypass (8), and therefore an antifreezing effect on the first cooling tower (14) is achieved;
when the external steam extraction amount of the second cogeneration unit is large and the external steam extraction amount of the first cogeneration unit is low, at the moment, a sixth circulating valve (217) and an eighth circulating valve (219) are closed, a first circulating valve (116), a second circulating valve (117), a third circulating valve (118), a fourth circulating valve (119), a fifth circulating valve (216) and a seventh circulating valve (218) are opened, a water supply bypass valve (9) and a water return bypass valve (10) are opened, the second cooling tower (24) is in a closed state, circulating water entering and exiting the second condenser (23) is conveyed to the first cooling tower (14) through the circulating water supply bypass (7) and the circulating water return bypass (8), and therefore an antifreezing effect on the second cooling tower (24) is achieved;
when the external steam extraction amount of the first heat and power cogeneration unit and the second heat and power cogeneration unit is large, at the moment, one of the first cooling tower (14) and the second cooling tower (24) is selected to operate, and the other cooling tower is closed, so that an antifreezing effect is achieved on the first cooling tower (14) or the second cooling tower (24).
5. A method of operating a combined heat and back condensing and pump system for two units according to claim 3, characterized by: and when the back pressure heat supply working condition is operated, the first cooling total valve (120) is closed, the second cooling total valve (220) is opened, and the steam source of the cooling steam is from the intermediate pressure cylinder (21) of the second steam turbine.
6. Method for operating a two-unit combined back-and-condenser heating system according to claim 3 or 5, characterized in that: when the back pressure heat supply working condition is operated, the first heat and power cogeneration unit is selected to be operated under the back pressure heat supply working condition or the second heat and power cogeneration unit is selected to be operated under the back pressure heat supply working condition according to the requirements of external heat supply loads, or the first heat and power cogeneration unit and the second heat and power cogeneration unit are both operated under the back pressure heat supply working condition.
7. Method for operating a two-unit combined back and condenser heating system according to claim 3, 5 or 6, characterized in that:
when the first cogeneration unit operates under the back pressure heat supply working condition, at the moment, a second circulating valve (117) and a fourth circulating valve (119) are closed, a first circulating valve (116), a third circulating valve (118), a fifth circulating valve (216), a sixth circulating valve (217), a seventh circulating valve (218) and an eighth circulating valve (219) are opened, a water supply bypass valve (9) and a water return bypass valve (10) are opened, the first cooling tower (14) is in a closed state, circulating water entering and exiting the first condenser (13) is conveyed to the second cooling tower (24) through a circulating water supply bypass (7) and a circulating water return bypass (8), and therefore an antifreezing effect is achieved on the first cooling tower (14);
when the second cogeneration unit operates under the back pressure heat supply working condition, at the moment, a sixth circulating valve (217) and an eighth circulating valve (219) are closed, a first circulating valve (116), a second circulating valve (117), a third circulating valve (118), a fourth circulating valve (119), a fifth circulating valve (216) and a seventh circulating valve (218) are opened, a water supply bypass valve (9) and a water return bypass valve (10) are simultaneously opened, the second cooling tower (24) is in a closed state, circulating water entering and exiting the second condenser (23) is conveyed to the first cooling tower (14) through a circulating water supply bypass (7) and a circulating water return bypass (8), and therefore an antifreezing effect is achieved on the second cooling tower (24);
when the first cogeneration unit and the second cogeneration unit are operated under the back pressure heat supply working condition, at the moment, one of the first cooling tower (14) and the second cooling tower (24) is selected to operate, and the other cooling tower is closed, so that the first cooling tower (14) or the second cooling tower (24) is subjected to an antifreezing effect.
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