CN109440959B - Diamond steel truss energy-consumption fuse capable of repairing after earthquake - Google Patents
Diamond steel truss energy-consumption fuse capable of repairing after earthquake Download PDFInfo
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- CN109440959B CN109440959B CN201811575539.4A CN201811575539A CN109440959B CN 109440959 B CN109440959 B CN 109440959B CN 201811575539 A CN201811575539 A CN 201811575539A CN 109440959 B CN109440959 B CN 109440959B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
Abstract
The invention relates to a diamond steel truss energy-dissipation fuse capable of being repaired after earthquake, which is used for energy dissipation and shock absorption of a steel truss equal-pulling/pressing structure. The invention comprises the following steps: the prefabricated part, the connecting piece of taking the screw, the rigid rod of screw is taken at both ends, friction type high strength bolt, takes the bearing gasket, the spring, limited angle rotation ball pivot, center connection ball, spring sleeve, plumbous. The damping device is used as a part of a steel truss structure, is arranged at the pull/press rod end of the steel truss, provides damping through friction connection and lead at the joint of the rigid rod under the action of horizontal load such as earthquake, dissipates earthquake energy, and plays a role in energy dissipation and shock absorption; the elastic force of the spring provides deformation restoring force, so that the fuse has good deformation restoring capability, the function of protecting the whole structure in earthquake is realized, and the dual functions of fuse energy consumption and protecting the structure are reflected. After earthquake, the damaged friction joint, sleeve or lead can be quickly maintained or replaced, so that the quick recovery of the structural function is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building energy dissipation and shock absorption, and particularly relates to a diamond steel truss energy dissipation fuse capable of being repaired after earthquake.
Background
The high uncertainty of the intensity, time and space of the earthquake causes serious damage to the house structure and also causes serious threat to the life and property safety of people. The investigation of the earthquake damage shows that the earthquake damage of the steel truss structure is mainly rod end connection damage, rod piece buckling and node failure. Because the redundancy degree of the truss structure is low, the damage of important rods and nodes can seriously affect the anti-seismic performance of the whole structure, and even cause the collapse of the structure. The damage assessment of the uncollapsed structure after the earthquake is difficult, the good economic benefit cannot be obtained while the workload is increased, sometimes the identification and the reinforcement of the earthquake-damaged house are more expensive and time-consuming than the dismantling and reconstruction, and the recovery and reconstruction speed of the disaster area after the earthquake is seriously reduced. Therefore, engineering personnel are continually exploring ways to effectively protect truss ties/struts, connections, and nodes. The contemplated solution is that upon earthquake, it can protect the structure from earthquake damage, protecting the structure and people's lives and properties; after earthquake, the device can be rapidly evaluated and repaired, and the post-disaster reconstruction speed is improved. The method adopted at the present stage is more, wherein: a method of reinforcing the strength of bars and nodes. The method is clear and simple in concept, easy to understand and master by a designer, and beneficial to operation of constructors. However, because of the strong unpredictability of the earthquake intensity, the improvement amplitude of the bearing capacity of the rod piece, the connection and the node is difficult to accurately grasp in the design, so that the conditions of material waste, insufficient bearing capacity and the like are easily caused, and the protection of the pulling and pressing members is unreliable while the economy is sacrificed; in addition, a method for increasing the redundancy of the structure is provided. The method has the advantages that the hyperstatic number of the structure is increased, the sensitivity of the structure to the failure of a single component is reduced, the earthquake action effect of each component is reduced, and the whole structure is effectively protected. The method has the defects of increasing the construction cost and causing certain waste. In addition, there are many methods, but there are respective problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a diamond steel truss energy-consumption fuse which can be repaired after earthquake, aiming at the problems that the truss pulling/pressing rod and the node of the existing steel truss structure are seriously damaged in the earthquake, and the like, and the quick repair cannot be performed after the earthquake. Comprising the following steps: the anti-collision device comprises a prefabricated member 1, a connecting piece 2 with screw holes, rigid rods 3 with screw holes at two ends, a friction type high-strength bolt 4, a bearing gasket 5, a spring 6, a limited-angle rotating spherical hinge 7, a central connecting ball 8, a spring sleeve 9, lead 10, a friction plate 11 and an anti-collision spring 12. The prefabricated member 1 is connected with the pulling/pressing rod piece through welding, and can be designed according to the section form and the bearing capacity of the connected rod piece, and the prefabricated member is not limited to the section form and the length, but the welding strength is ensured to be larger than the material strength. The center of the connecting piece 2 with screw holes is provided with a screw hole, the aperture is the same as that of the screw holes at the end parts of the rigid rod 3 with screw holes at the two ends, the connecting piece is connected to the surface of the prefabricated part 1 through welding, and the surface of the connecting piece 2 is subjected to sand blasting, shot blasting or red rust generation treatment. The rigid rods 3 with screw holes at the two ends are connected by adopting a friction type high-strength bolt 4 and a bearing gasket 5, and the thickness of the bearing gasket can be adjusted according to the requirement. The middle part of the gasket 5 with the bearing is provided with a gasket with a screw hole, the gasket is connected with the rigid rod 3 with screw holes at the two ends through a friction type high-strength bolt 4, the outside is provided with a bearing, and the gasket is connected with one end of the spring 6 through welding. The other end of the spring 6 is connected with a central connecting ball 8 through a limited-angle rotating ball hinge 7. The angle-limiting rotary spherical hinge 7 is welded on the surface of the central connecting ball 8. The spring sleeve 9 is placed over the coiled section of the spring 6 and is filled with lead 10 between them. The center of the friction plate 11 is provided with a screw hole, and the friction plate can be attached between the rigid rod 3 with screw holes at two ends and the bearing gasket 5 to provide additional friction damping for the structure. The spring 6 may be replaced with an anti-collision spring 12, which limits fuse deformation.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the following technical effects:
the diamond steel truss energy-consumption fuse which can be repaired after earthquake provided by the invention has good deformability, can adaptively deform according to the relative displacement of the connected components, plays a role in improving the deformability of the components and the structure, and resists vertical load by virtue of initial rigidity under the condition of normal load use; secondly, friction type connection is adopted between the rigid rods 3 with screw holes at the two ends and the connecting piece 2 by adopting friction type high-strength bolts 4, and in an earthquake, the relative rotation between the rigid rods 3 with screw holes at the two ends causes friction between interfaces, so that damping force is generated, earthquake energy is dissipated, and the earthquake resistance of the structure is improved; the deformation of the spring 6 is restrained by adopting the lead filling sleeve 9, a certain restraining support is provided for the spring 6, the elastic restoring force is improved, meanwhile, the interaction of the spring 6 and the lead 10 enables the lead 10 to deform, a damping spring is formed, and a second damping force implementation mode is provided for the fuse; thirdly, the spring 6 in the fuse is connected with the rigid rod 3 nodes with screw holes at the two ends, and provides restoring force for the fuse, so that the capability of restoring deformation of the structure after earthquake is improved, and the fuse has certain self-restoring capability; fourth, the fuse is connected to each member by a friction type high strength bolt 4, and after a shock, the damaged friction interface, the friction type high strength bolt 4, the lead 10 or the sleeve 9 can be replaced. The fuse has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, simple manufacture, direct connection mode, good independence among elements, dual functions of energy consumption and protection structure, realization of a special multifunctional function design target for the components, convenience for quick repair and replacement, less resources required for disassembly and assembly, good economy, high practical value and wide application prospect.
Of course, it is not necessary for any of the products of the present application to be implemented simultaneously with all of the technical effects described above.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and do not constitute an undue limitation to the application. In the drawings:
fig. 1: integral structure diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2: preform 1 of example 1 of the present invention is schematically represented.
Fig. 3: the threaded hole connector 2 of example 1 of the present invention is schematically shown.
Fig. 4: the rigid rod 3 with screw holes at both ends of the embodiment 1 of the present invention is schematically shown.
Fig. 5: the friction type high strength bolt 4 of example 1 of the present invention is schematically shown.
Fig. 6: the bearing spacer 5 of example 1 of the present invention is schematically shown.
Fig. 7: spring 6 of example 1 of the present invention is schematically shown.
Fig. 8: the angle-limiting rotary spherical hinge 7 of embodiment 1 of the present invention is schematically shown.
Fig. 9: the center connection ball 8 of example 1 of the present invention is schematically shown.
Fig. 10: the spring sleeve 9 of embodiment 1 of the present invention is schematically shown.
Fig. 11: integral structure diagram of embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 12: integral structure diagram of embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Fig. 13: integral structure diagram of embodiment 4 of the present invention.
Fig. 14: the friction plate 11 of example 4 of the present invention is schematically shown.
Fig. 15: overall structure of embodiment 5 of the present invention.
Fig. 16: the anti-collision spring 12 of embodiment 5 of the present invention is schematically shown.
In the figure, 1, prefabricated part, 2, connecting piece with screw holes, 3, rigid rod with screw holes at two ends, 4, friction type high-strength bolt, 5, gasket with bearing, 6, spring, 7, limited angle rotary spherical hinge, 8, center connecting ball, 9, spring sleeve, 10, lead, 11, friction plate and 12 anti-collision spring.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples, so that the implementation process of how the technical means are applied to solve the technical problems and achieve the technical effects of the present application can be fully understood and implemented.
Example 1
The structure of this embodiment is schematically shown in fig. 1, and the structure comprises a prefabricated member 1 welded on the truss pull/press rod end, a connecting piece 2 welded on the surface of the prefabricated member 1 and provided with screw holes, rigid rods 3 with screw holes at two ends connected with the connecting piece 2, friction type high-strength bolts 4 and bearing gaskets 5 connected with the rigid rods 3 with screw holes at two ends, springs 6 with the bearing gaskets 5 and limited angle rotating spherical hinges 7 connected at two ends respectively, limited angle rotating spherical hinges 7 welded on the surface of a central connecting ball 8, a spring sleeve 9 sleeved on the spiral section of the springs 6, and lead 10 poured between the two. The fuse unit deforms before the main body structure under the action of side loads such as earthquake, the centralized structure deforms, and the main body structure is protected. The connecting interfaces of the ends of the rigid rods with screw holes at the two ends generate friction to provide damping force for the fuse. The tension/compression force generated by the deformation of the spring 6 provides a restoring force for the fuse, so that the fuse has a certain self-restoring capability, and the deformation of the lead filling 10 provides another damping force application mode for the fuse. The limited angle rotation ball hinge 7 enables the fuse unit to have a certain out-of-plane deformation capability. After the earthquake, the fuse element is maintained or replaced according to the deformation condition of the rigid rod 3 with screw holes at the two ends and the damage condition of the node interface.
In fig. 2, the preform 1 is welded to the truss pull/press rod end, and the form of the preform 1 is not limited, but the weld strength is ensured to be greater than the material strength.
In fig. 3, a connecting piece 2 with screw holes is welded on the surface of a prefabricated member 1, the aperture of the screw holes is the same as that of the screw holes at the ends of a rigid rod 3 with screw holes at the two ends, the rigid rod 3 with screw holes at the two ends is connected with the connecting piece 2 with screw holes through a friction type high-strength bolt 4, and the surface of the connecting piece 2 with screw holes is required to be subjected to sand blasting, shot blasting, red rust generation and other treatments.
In fig. 4, the rigid rod 3 with screw holes at both ends has unlimited section and length, but needs to ensure enough rigidity, and the rod end needs to be widened and sandblasted, shot blasted or red rust generated, etc., so as to facilitate connection of the friction type high strength bolt 4.
In fig. 5, a suitable friction type high strength bolt 4 is selected according to the required initial elastic rigidity and damping force.
In fig. 7, the spring 6 can be designed according to the deformation of the fuse and the requirement of the whole damping force, and the spring 6 matched with the rigidity of the fuse is selected.
In fig. 8, the rotation of the ball pivot 7 with limited angle can be performed within a certain angle range, so as to provide a certain out-of-plane deformation capability for the fuse.
In fig. 9, the center connection ball 8 may be sized according to the overall size of the fuse, ensuring that the center connection ball is sufficiently stiff.
In fig. 10, the spring sleeve 9 is required to ensure that it can be placed over the coiled section of the spring 6, leaving sufficient space for the lead 10 to be poured.
Example 2
Fig. 11 is an overall structural view of the present embodiment, and a plurality of fuses connected in parallel may be arranged at the truss pull/push rod end as needed, for example, the fuses may be arranged along the circumference of the cross section. And the bearing capacity and the stability of the connection are improved.
Example 3
Fig. 12 is an overall configuration diagram of the present embodiment, in which a plurality of fuses are spatially combined to share the center connection ball 8, for example, two fuse units are cross-combined, so that a planar fuse is a space node fuse having multi-directional and multi-angle deformability.
Example 4
Fig. 13 is an overall construction diagram of the present embodiment, which provides another damping force application mode by changing the form of the connecting friction. The interface treatment of the end of the rigid rod 3 with screw holes at the two ends is changed into the addition of the friction plate 11 shown in fig. 14, and the friction coefficient is changed, so that the processing procedure is reduced, and the durability of the friction surface is improved. The friction type high-strength bolt 4 is changed into a controllable pre-tightening force bolt, so that controllable pre-tightening force is provided, and the damping force of the fuse unit is controlled more accurately.
Example 5
Fig. 15 is an overall construction diagram of the present embodiment, in which the normal spring 6 in the damper spring assembly is replaced with the anti-collision spring 12 having the deformation control function in fig. 16, to form an anti-collision damper spring. When the fuse is designed in a medium vibration, the requirement of the structure on deformation is met, so that larger deformation is generated under the action of large vibration, and elements in the fuse are easy to damage due to the large deformation. Therefore, the anti-collision spring can be configured according to the requirement, so that the deformation of the spring is reduced, and the fuse is ensured not to deform too much under the condition of large shock, so that the component is invalid. After the spring collision, the rigid rods 3 with screw holes at the two ends of the structure participate in the work, so that the bearing capacity of the structure is improved, the energy is further consumed, and the strength of the structural main body is fully utilized.
The working principle adopted by the invention is as follows:
in fig. 1, rigid rods 3 with screw holes at two ends are connected through friction type high-strength bolts 4 and bearing gaskets 5, springs 6 are connected with nodes of the rigid rods 3 with screw holes at two ends and angle-limiting rotary spherical hinges 7, and the angle-limiting rotary spherical hinges 7 are welded on the surfaces of central connecting balls 8. Under the horizontal actions of earthquake or wind load, the truss structure will deform, and the axial force of the pull/press rod piece is changed due to the integral deformation of the structure according to the structural mechanics principle. An excessively fast rate of change of axial force will cause the rod end connections to be subjected to a large dynamic load, causing the welds or bolts etc. connections to fail under large stresses, and excessive axial force will cause the rod to buckle or node failure. The invention is arranged at the truss pulling/pressing rod end, a plurality of the truss pulling/pressing rods can be arranged in parallel to provide damping for resisting axial force change for the truss pulling/pressing rods, and the restoring force is provided for the fuse through the pulling pressure of the spring 6 after an earthquake. Under the action of axial load, the fuse composed of all mechanical elements deforms, the prefabricated member 1 generates relative displacement, so that the rigid rods 3 with screw holes at the two ends rotate around the joints, friction force is generated at all joints due to friction type connection of friction type high-strength bolts, damping force is directly generated on the fuse units, then deformation of the rigid rods 3 with screw holes at the two ends actively compresses or stretches the springs 6, the springs 6 generate stretching or compression deformation, but lead is restrained to deform the springs, the constraint effect on the springs is limited due to the fact that lead belongs to a material with stronger deformability, meanwhile, interaction of the springs and lead is enabled to generate deformation, additional damping force is provided for the fuse, dual functions of dissipating seismic energy and protecting a main structure of the fuse are reflected, elastic restoring force is generated by pulling and pressing deformation of the springs, acting force is generated on the joints of the rigid rods 3 with screw holes at the two ends, and the fuse is helped to restore deformation. After earthquake, the three parts can be maintained or replaced according to the friction section of the rigid rod 3 joint with screw holes at the two ends and the damage condition of the sleeve 9 or the lead 10, so that the function of the fuse can be quickly recovered.
The fuse has simple structure and simple connection. The spring 6 restrains the rigid rods 3 with screw holes at the two ends, and provides elastic restoring force for the fuse unit. The friction type node provides damping force for the fuse and dissipates seismic energy.
The diamond steel truss energy dissipation fuse capable of being repaired after earthquake has the advantages of simple structure, convenient design, easy installation and replacement, flexible arrangement at the end part of the steel truss rod piece, good economy and practicality and wide application prospect.
Aiming at the defects of serious damage, difficult repair or high cost and the like of the steel truss pull/compression rod and the connecting node after earthquake, the invention simply splices the connecting rod, the spring and the bolt into the repairable energy-consuming component to realize the purposes of dissipating earthquake energy and protecting the structure, and realizes the purpose of quickly recovering the structure function after the earthquake by utilizing the characteristic of simple structure.
While the foregoing description illustrates and describes several preferred embodiments of the invention, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the forms disclosed herein, but is not to be construed as limited to other embodiments, and is capable of use in various other combinations, modifications and environments and is capable of changes or modifications within the spirit of the invention described herein, either as a result of the foregoing teachings or as a result of the knowledge or skill of the relevant art. And that modifications and variations which do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A diamond steel truss energy dissipation fuse capable of being repaired after earthquake comprises the following components: prefab (1), connecting piece (2) of taking the screw, rigid rod (3) of both ends area screw, friction type high strength bolt (4), take bearing gasket (5), spring (6), limit angle rotation ball pivot (7), center joint ball (8), spring sleeve (9), plumbous (10), wherein, connecting piece (2) of taking the screw welds in prefab (1) surface, and link to each other with rigid rod (3) one end of both ends area screw through friction type high strength bolt (4), link to each other through friction type high strength bolt (4) and take bearing gasket (5) between rigid rod (3) of both ends area screw, spring (6) one end links to each other with bearing gasket (5), the other end links to each other with limit angle rotation ball pivot (7), the base welded fastening of limit angle rotation ball pivot (7) is in center joint ball (8) surface, center joint ball (8) are located the geometric center that rigid rod (3) of both ends area screw encloses and form, spring sleeve (9) cover is in the helical segment of spring (6), and between the two lead (10) are poured.
2. The post-earthquake repairable diamond steel truss energy dissipating fuse of claim 1, wherein: the prefabricated member (1) is welded to the end of the pulling/pressing rod of the steel truss.
3. The post-earthquake repairable diamond steel truss energy dissipating fuse of claim 1, wherein: the rigid rods (3) with screw holes at the two ends are connected with the prefabricated member (1) through the connecting piece (2) with screw holes.
4. The post-earthquake repairable diamond steel truss energy dissipating fuse of claim 1, wherein: the friction type high-strength bolts (4) are adopted to connect the rigid rods (3) with screw holes at the two ends, and bearing gaskets (5) are arranged in the connecting joints so that the rigid rods (3) with screw holes at the two ends can rotate relatively, and the high-strength bolts are in friction type connection to provide damping force for the energy-consuming fuses.
5. The post-earthquake repairable diamond steel truss energy dissipating fuse of claim 1, wherein: the middle part of the gasket (5) with the bearing is provided with a bolt hole, the periphery of the gasket is connected with the bearing, and the bearing is connected with the spring (6) so as to prevent the gasket (5) with the bearing from generating torque in the spring (6) when the axis rotates, thereby causing great damage to the spring (6).
6. The post-earthquake repairable diamond steel truss energy dissipating fuse of claim 1, wherein: the central connecting ball (8) is connected with the spring (6) by adopting the limited-angle rotating ball hinge (7), so that the fuse has a certain out-of-plane deformation capability.
7. The post-earthquake repairable diamond steel truss energy dissipating fuse of claim 1, wherein: the spiral part of the spring (6) is wrapped by a spring sleeve (9), lead with strong deformability is poured between the spring sleeve and the spring, the deformation of the spring is restrained by the lead, and meanwhile, the interaction of the spring sleeve and the spring causes the deformation of the lead to provide damping force for the spring, so that the damping spring is formed; the deformation of the spring provides an elastic restoring force for the restoration of the fuse deformation.
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| CN201811575539.4A CN109440959B (en) | 2018-12-22 | 2018-12-22 | Diamond steel truss energy-consumption fuse capable of repairing after earthquake |
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| CN201811575539.4A CN109440959B (en) | 2018-12-22 | 2018-12-22 | Diamond steel truss energy-consumption fuse capable of repairing after earthquake |
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| CN109440959B true CN109440959B (en) | 2023-07-07 |
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